| /kernel/linux/linux-4.19/Documentation/ |
| D | memory-hotplug.txt | 2 Memory Hotplug
6 :Updated: Add description of notifier of memory hotplug: Oct 11 2007
8 This document is about memory hotplug including how-to-use and current status.
9 Because Memory Hotplug is still under development, contents of this text will
15 1.1 purpose of memory hotplug
16 1.2. Phases of memory hotplug
17 1.3. Unit of Memory online/offline operation
19 3. sysfs files for memory hotplug
20 4. Physical memory hot-add phase
22 4.2 Notify memory hot-add event by hand
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| /kernel/linux/linux-5.10/Documentation/admin-guide/mm/ |
| D | memory-hotplug.rst | 4 Memory Hotplug
10 This document is about memory hotplug including how-to-use and current status.
11 Because Memory Hotplug is still under development, contents of this text will
18 (1) x86_64's has special implementation for memory hotplug.
26 Purpose of memory hotplug
29 Memory Hotplug allows users to increase/decrease the amount of memory.
32 (A) For changing the amount of memory.
38 hardware which supports memory power management.
40 Linux memory hotplug is designed for both purpose.
42 Phases of memory hotplug
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| D | concepts.rst | 7 The memory management in Linux is a complex system that evolved over the
9 systems from MMU-less microcontrollers to supercomputers. The memory
18 Virtual Memory Primer
21 The physical memory in a computer system is a limited resource and
22 even for systems that support memory hotplug there is a hard limit on
23 the amount of memory that can be installed. The physical memory is not
29 All this makes dealing directly with physical memory quite complex and
30 to avoid this complexity a concept of virtual memory was developed.
32 The virtual memory abstracts the details of physical memory from the
34 physical memory (demand paging) and provides a mechanism for the
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| D | numaperf.rst | 7 Some platforms may have multiple types of memory attached to a compute
8 node. These disparate memory ranges may share some characteristics, such
12 A system supports such heterogeneous memory by grouping each memory type
14 characteristics. Some memory may share the same node as a CPU, and others
15 are provided as memory only nodes. While memory only nodes do not provide
18 nodes with local memory and a memory only node for each of compute node::
29 A "memory initiator" is a node containing one or more devices such as
30 CPUs or separate memory I/O devices that can initiate memory requests.
31 A "memory target" is a node containing one or more physical address
32 ranges accessible from one or more memory initiators.
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| /kernel/linux/linux-5.10/tools/testing/selftests/memory-hotplug/ |
| D | mem-on-off-test.sh | 25 if ! ls $SYSFS/devices/system/memory/memory* > /dev/null 2>&1; then
26 echo $msg memory hotplug is not supported >&2
30 if ! grep -q 1 $SYSFS/devices/system/memory/memory*/removable; then
31 echo $msg no hot-pluggable memory >&2
37 # list all hot-pluggable memory
43 for memory in $SYSFS/devices/system/memory/memory*; do
44 if grep -q 1 $memory/removable &&
45 grep -q $state $memory/state; then
46 echo ${memory##/*/memory}
63 grep -q online $SYSFS/devices/system/memory/memory$1/state
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| /kernel/linux/linux-4.19/tools/testing/selftests/memory-hotplug/ |
| D | mem-on-off-test.sh | 25 if ! ls $SYSFS/devices/system/memory/memory* > /dev/null 2>&1; then
26 echo $msg memory hotplug is not supported >&2
30 if ! grep -q 1 $SYSFS/devices/system/memory/memory*/removable; then
31 echo $msg no hot-pluggable memory >&2
37 # list all hot-pluggable memory
43 for memory in $SYSFS/devices/system/memory/memory*; do
44 if grep -q 1 $memory/removable &&
45 grep -q $state $memory/state; then
46 echo ${memory##/*/memory}
63 grep -q online $SYSFS/devices/system/memory/memory$1/state
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| /kernel/linux/linux-4.19/Documentation/cgroup-v1/ |
| D | memory.txt | 1 Memory Resource Controller
8 NOTE: The Memory Resource Controller has generically been referred to as the
9 memory controller in this document. Do not confuse memory controller
10 used here with the memory controller that is used in hardware.
14 When we mention a cgroup (cgroupfs's directory) with memory controller,
15 we call it "memory cgroup". When you see git-log and source code, you'll
19 Benefits and Purpose of the memory controller
21 The memory controller isolates the memory behaviour of a group of tasks
23 uses of the memory controller. The memory controller can be used to
26 Memory-hungry applications can be isolated and limited to a smaller
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| /kernel/linux/linux-5.10/Documentation/admin-guide/cgroup-v1/ |
| D | memory.rst | 2 Memory Resource Controller
12 The Memory Resource Controller has generically been referred to as the
13 memory controller in this document. Do not confuse memory controller
14 used here with the memory controller that is used in hardware.
17 When we mention a cgroup (cgroupfs's directory) with memory controller,
18 we call it "memory cgroup". When you see git-log and source code, you'll
22 Benefits and Purpose of the memory controller
25 The memory controller isolates the memory behaviour of a group of tasks
27 uses of the memory controller. The memory controller can be used to
30 Memory-hungry applications can be isolated and limited to a smaller
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| /kernel/linux/linux-4.19/Documentation/admin-guide/mm/ |
| D | concepts.rst | 7 The memory management in Linux is complex system that evolved over the
9 systems from MMU-less microcontrollers to supercomputers. The memory
18 Virtual Memory Primer
21 The physical memory in a computer system is a limited resource and
22 even for systems that support memory hotplug there is a hard limit on
23 the amount of memory that can be installed. The physical memory is not
29 All this makes dealing directly with physical memory quite complex and
30 to avoid this complexity a concept of virtual memory was developed.
32 The virtual memory abstracts the details of physical memory from the
34 physical memory (demand paging) and provides a mechanism for the
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| /kernel/linux/linux-4.19/Documentation/ABI/testing/ |
| D | sysfs-devices-memory | 1 What: /sys/devices/system/memory
5 The /sys/devices/system/memory contains a snapshot of the
6 internal state of the kernel memory blocks. Files could be
9 Users: hotplug memory add/remove tools
12 What: /sys/devices/system/memory/memoryX/removable
16 The file /sys/devices/system/memory/memoryX/removable
17 indicates whether this memory block is removable or not.
19 identify removable sections of the memory before attempting
20 potentially expensive hot-remove memory operation
21 Users: hotplug memory remove tools
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| /kernel/liteos_m/kernel/include/ |
| D | los_memory.h | 33 * @defgroup los_memory Dynamic memory
56 * Starting address of the memory.
70 * @param pool [IN] Starting address of memory.
85 * @brief Deinitialize dynamic memory.
89 * <li>This API is used to deinitialize the dynamic memory of a doubly linked list.</li>
92 * @param pool [IN] Starting address of memory.
94 * @retval #OS_ERROR The dynamic memory fails to be deinitialized.
95 * @retval #LOS_OK The dynamic memory is successfully deinitialized.
126 * @brief Free memory nodes allocated by the specified task.
130 * <li>This API is used to free all memory nodes allocated by the specified task.</li>
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| /kernel/linux/linux-5.10/Documentation/ABI/testing/ |
| D | sysfs-devices-memory | 1 What: /sys/devices/system/memory
5 The /sys/devices/system/memory contains a snapshot of the
6 internal state of the kernel memory blocks. Files could be
9 Users: hotplug memory add/remove tools
12 What: /sys/devices/system/memory/memoryX/removable
16 The file /sys/devices/system/memory/memoryX/removable
17 indicates whether this memory block is removable or not.
19 identify removable sections of the memory before attempting
20 potentially expensive hot-remove memory operation
21 Users: hotplug memory remove tools
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| /kernel/linux/linux-4.19/include/linux/ |
| D | tee_drv.h | 29 #define TEE_SHM_MAPPED BIT(0) /* Memory mapped by the kernel */
30 #define TEE_SHM_DMA_BUF BIT(1) /* Memory with dma-buf handle */
31 #define TEE_SHM_EXT_DMA_BUF BIT(2) /* Memory with dma-buf handle */
32 #define TEE_SHM_REGISTER BIT(3) /* Memory registered in secure world */
33 #define TEE_SHM_USER_MAPPED BIT(4) /* Memory mapped in user space */
34 #define TEE_SHM_POOL BIT(5) /* Memory allocated from pool */
44 * @list_shm: List of shared memory object owned by this context
49 * shared memory release.
90 * @shm_register: register shared memory buffer in TEE
91 * @shm_unregister: unregister shared memory buffer in TEE
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| /kernel/linux/linux-5.10/tools/testing/selftests/cgroup/ |
| D | test_memcontrol.c | 25 * the memory controller.
33 /* Create two nested cgroups with the memory controller enabled */ in test_memcg_subtree_control()
42 if (cg_write(parent, "cgroup.subtree_control", "+memory")) in test_memcg_subtree_control()
48 if (cg_read_strstr(child, "cgroup.controllers", "memory")) in test_memcg_subtree_control()
51 /* Create two nested cgroups without enabling memory controller */ in test_memcg_subtree_control()
66 if (!cg_read_strstr(child2, "cgroup.controllers", "memory")) in test_memcg_subtree_control()
100 current = cg_read_long(cgroup, "memory.current"); in alloc_anon_50M_check()
107 anon = cg_read_key_long(cgroup, "memory.stat", "anon "); in alloc_anon_50M_check()
134 current = cg_read_long(cgroup, "memory.current"); in alloc_pagecache_50M_check()
138 file = cg_read_key_long(cgroup, "memory.stat", "file "); in alloc_pagecache_50M_check()
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| /kernel/linux/linux-4.19/tools/testing/selftests/cgroup/ |
| D | test_memcontrol.c | 25 * the memory controller.
33 /* Create two nested cgroups with the memory controller enabled */ in test_memcg_subtree_control()
42 if (cg_write(parent, "cgroup.subtree_control", "+memory")) in test_memcg_subtree_control()
48 if (cg_read_strstr(child, "cgroup.controllers", "memory")) in test_memcg_subtree_control()
51 /* Create two nested cgroups without enabling memory controller */ in test_memcg_subtree_control()
66 if (!cg_read_strstr(child2, "cgroup.controllers", "memory")) in test_memcg_subtree_control()
100 current = cg_read_long(cgroup, "memory.current"); in alloc_anon_50M_check()
107 anon = cg_read_key_long(cgroup, "memory.stat", "anon "); in alloc_anon_50M_check()
134 current = cg_read_long(cgroup, "memory.current"); in alloc_pagecache_50M_check()
138 file = cg_read_key_long(cgroup, "memory.stat", "file "); in alloc_pagecache_50M_check()
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| /kernel/linux/linux-5.10/Documentation/vm/ |
| D | memory-model.rst | 6 Physical Memory Model
9 Physical memory in a system may be addressed in different ways. The
10 simplest case is when the physical memory starts at address 0 and
15 different memory banks are attached to different CPUs.
17 Linux abstracts this diversity using one of the three memory models:
19 memory models it supports, what the default memory model is and
26 All the memory models track the status of physical page frames using
29 Regardless of the selected memory model, there exists one-to-one
33 Each memory model defines :c:func:`pfn_to_page` and :c:func:`page_to_pfn`
40 The simplest memory model is FLATMEM. This model is suitable for
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| D | hmm.rst | 4 Heterogeneous Memory Management (HMM)
7 Provide infrastructure and helpers to integrate non-conventional memory (device
8 memory like GPU on board memory) into regular kernel path, with the cornerstone
9 of this being specialized struct page for such memory (see sections 5 to 7 of
12 HMM also provides optional helpers for SVM (Share Virtual Memory), i.e.,
20 related to using device specific memory allocators. In the second section, I
24 fifth section deals with how device memory is represented inside the kernel.
30 Problems of using a device specific memory allocator
33 Devices with a large amount of on board memory (several gigabytes) like GPUs
34 have historically managed their memory through dedicated driver specific APIs.
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| D | numa.rst | 14 or more CPUs, local memory, and/or IO buses. For brevity and to
28 Coherent NUMA or ccNUMA systems. With ccNUMA systems, all memory is visible
32 Memory access time and effective memory bandwidth varies depending on how far
33 away the cell containing the CPU or IO bus making the memory access is from the
34 cell containing the target memory. For example, access to memory by CPUs
36 bandwidths than accesses to memory on other, remote cells. NUMA platforms
41 memory bandwidth. However, to achieve scalable memory bandwidth, system and
42 application software must arrange for a large majority of the memory references
43 [cache misses] to be to "local" memory--memory on the same cell, if any--or
44 to the closest cell with memory.
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| /kernel/liteos_a/kernel/include/ |
| D | los_memory.h | 33 * @defgroup los_memory Dynamic memory
55 * The omit layers of function call from call kernel memory interfaces
69 * The start address of exc interaction dynamic memory pool address, when the exc
76 * The start address of system dynamic memory pool address.
83 * @brief Deinitialize dynamic memory.
87 * <li>This API is used to deinitialize the dynamic memory of a doubly linked list.</li>
90 * @param pool [IN] Starting address of memory.
92 * @retval #OS_ERROR The dynamic memory fails to be deinitialized.
93 * @retval #LOS_OK The dynamic memory is successfully deinitialized.
123 * Memory pool extern information structure
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| /kernel/liteos_m/testsuites/include/ |
| D | los_dlinkmem.h | 51 * Memory pool information structure
54 void *pPoolAddr; /* *<Starting address of a memory pool */
55 UINT32 uwPoolSize; /* *<Memory pool size */
60 * Memory linked list node structure
63 LOS_DL_LIST stFreeNodeInfo; /* *<Free memory node */
64 struct tagLOS_DLNK_NODE *pstPreNode; /* *<Pointer to the previous memory node */
71 * @brief Initialize dynamic memory.
75 * <li>This API is used to initialize the dynamic memory of a doubly linked list.</li>
79 …* <li>Call this API when dynamic memory needs to be initialized during the startup of HuaweiLite O…
82 * @param pool [IN] Starting address of memory.
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| /kernel/linux/linux-4.19/Documentation/vm/ |
| D | hmm.rst | 4 Heterogeneous Memory Management (HMM)
7 Provide infrastructure and helpers to integrate non-conventional memory (device
8 memory like GPU on board memory) into regular kernel path, with the cornerstone
9 of this being specialized struct page for such memory (see sections 5 to 7 of
12 HMM also provides optional helpers for SVM (Share Virtual Memory), i.e.,
20 related to using device specific memory allocators. In the second section, I
24 fifth section deals with how device memory is represented inside the kernel.
30 Problems of using a device specific memory allocator
33 Devices with a large amount of on board memory (several gigabytes) like GPUs
34 have historically managed their memory through dedicated driver specific APIs.
[all …]
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| D | numa.rst | 14 or more CPUs, local memory, and/or IO buses. For brevity and to
28 Coherent NUMA or ccNUMA systems. With ccNUMA systems, all memory is visible
32 Memory access time and effective memory bandwidth varies depending on how far
33 away the cell containing the CPU or IO bus making the memory access is from the
34 cell containing the target memory. For example, access to memory by CPUs
36 bandwidths than accesses to memory on other, remote cells. NUMA platforms
41 memory bandwidth. However, to achieve scalable memory bandwidth, system and
42 application software must arrange for a large majority of the memory references
43 [cache misses] to be to "local" memory--memory on the same cell, if any--or
44 to the closest cell with memory.
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| /kernel/linux/linux-4.19/mm/ |
| D | Kconfig | 2 menu "Memory Management options"
9 prompt "Memory model"
16 bool "Flat Memory"
20 Linux manages its memory internally. Most users will
25 memory hotplug may have different options here.
27 but is incompatible with memory hotplug and may suffer
29 "Sparse Memory" and "Discontiguous Memory", choose
30 "Discontiguous Memory".
32 If unsure, choose this option (Flat Memory) over any other.
35 bool "Discontiguous Memory"
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| /kernel/linux/linux-5.10/Documentation/core-api/ |
| D | memory-hotplug.rst | 4 Memory hotplug
7 Memory hotplug event notifier
12 There are six types of notification defined in ``include/linux/memory.h``:
15 Generated before new memory becomes available in order to be able to
16 prepare subsystems to handle memory. The page allocator is still unable
17 to allocate from the new memory.
23 Generated when memory has successfully brought online. The callback may
24 allocate pages from the new memory.
27 Generated to begin the process of offlining memory. Allocations are no
28 longer possible from the memory but some of the memory to be offlined
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| /kernel/linux/linux-5.10/mm/ |
| D | Kconfig | 3 menu "Memory Management options"
10 prompt "Memory model"
17 Linux manages its memory internally. Most users will
22 bool "Flat Memory"
31 spaces and for features like NUMA and memory hotplug,
32 choose "Sparse Memory".
34 If unsure, choose this option (Flat Memory) over any other.
37 bool "Discontiguous Memory"
41 memory systems, over FLATMEM. These systems have holes
45 Although "Discontiguous Memory" is still used by several
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