# @ohos.app.ability.UIAbility (UIAbility) UIAbility is an application component that has the UI. The **UIAbility** module provides lifecycle callback such as component creation, destruction, and foreground/background switching. It also provides the following capabilities related to component collaboration: - [Caller](#caller): an object returned by [startAbilityByCall](js-apis-inner-application-uiAbilityContext.md#uiabilitycontextstartabilitybycall). The CallerAbility (caller) uses this object to communicate with the CalleeAbility (callee). - [Callee](#callee): an internal object of UIAbility. The CalleeAbility (callee) uses this object to communicate with the CallerAbility (caller). > **NOTE** > > The initial APIs of this module are supported since API version 9. Newly added APIs will be marked with a superscript to indicate their earliest API version. > The APIs of this module can be used only in the stage model. ## Modules to Import ```ts import Ability from '@ohos.app.ability.UIAbility'; ``` ## Attributes **System capability**: SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore | Name| Type| Readable| Writable| Description| | -------- | -------- | -------- | -------- | -------- | | context | [UIAbilityContext](js-apis-inner-application-uiAbilityContext.md) | Yes| No| Context of the UIAbility.| | launchWant | [Want](js-apis-app-ability-want.md) | Yes| No| Parameters for starting the UIAbility.| | lastRequestWant | [Want](js-apis-app-ability-want.md) | Yes| No| Parameters used when the UIAbility was started last time.| | callee | [Callee](#callee) | Yes| No| Object that invokes the stub service.| ## UIAbility.onCreate onCreate(want: Want, param: AbilityConstant.LaunchParam): void; Called to initialize the service logic when an ability is created. **System capability**: SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore **Parameters** | Name| Type| Mandatory| Description| | -------- | -------- | -------- | -------- | | want | [Want](js-apis-app-ability-want.md) | Yes| Information related to this UIAbility, including the ability name and bundle name.| | param | [AbilityConstant.LaunchParam](js-apis-app-ability-abilityConstant.md#abilityconstantlaunchparam) | Yes| Parameters for starting the ability, and the reason for the last abnormal exit.| **Example** ```ts class myAbility extends Ability { onCreate(want, param) { console.log('onCreate, want:' + want.abilityName); } } ``` ## UIAbility.onWindowStageCreate onWindowStageCreate(windowStage: window.WindowStage): void Called when a **WindowStage** is created for this UIAbility. **System capability**: SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore **Parameters** | Name| Type| Mandatory| Description| | -------- | -------- | -------- | -------- | | windowStage | [window.WindowStage](js-apis-window.md#windowstage9) | Yes| **WindowStage** information.| **Example** ```ts class myAbility extends Ability { onWindowStageCreate(windowStage) { console.log('onWindowStageCreate'); } } ``` ## UIAbility.onWindowStageDestroy onWindowStageDestroy(): void Called when the **WindowStage** is destroyed for this UIAbility. **System capability**: SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore **Example** ```ts class myAbility extends Ability { onWindowStageDestroy() { console.log('onWindowStageDestroy'); } } ``` ## UIAbility.onWindowStageRestore onWindowStageRestore(windowStage: window.WindowStage): void Called when the **WindowStage** is restored during the migration of this UIAbility, which is a multi-instance ability. **System capability**: SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore **Parameters** | Name| Type| Mandatory| Description| | -------- | -------- | -------- | -------- | | windowStage | [window.WindowStage](js-apis-window.md#windowstage9) | Yes| **WindowStage** information.| **Example** ```ts class myAbility extends Ability { onWindowStageRestore(windowStage) { console.log('onWindowStageRestore'); } } ``` ## UIAbility.onDestroy onDestroy(): void | Promise<void>; Called when this ability is destroyed to clear resources. **System capability**: SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore **Example** ```ts class myAbility extends Ability { onDestroy() { console.log('onDestroy'); } } ``` ## UIAbility.onForeground onForeground(): void; Called when this ability is switched from the background to the foreground. **System capability**: SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore **Example** ```ts class myAbility extends Ability { onForeground() { console.log('onForeground'); } } ``` ## UIAbility.onBackground onBackground(): void; Called when this ability is switched from the foreground to the background. **System capability**: SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore **Example** ```ts class myAbility extends Ability { onBackground() { console.log('onBackground'); } } ``` ## UIAbility.onContinue onContinue(wantParam: { [key: string]: Object }): AbilityConstant.OnContinueResult; Called to save data during the ability migration preparation process. **System capability**: SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore **Parameters** | Name| Type| Mandatory| Description| | -------- | -------- | -------- | -------- | | wantParam | {[key: string]: any} | Yes| **want** parameter.| **Return value** | Type| Description| | -------- | -------- | | [AbilityConstant.OnContinueResult](js-apis-app-ability-abilityConstant.md#abilityconstantoncontinueresult) | Continuation result.| **Example** ```ts import AbilityConstant from '@ohos.app.ability.AbilityConstant'; class MyUIAbility extends Ability { onContinue(wantParams) { console.log('onContinue'); wantParams['myData'] = 'my1234567'; return AbilityConstant.OnContinueResult.AGREE; } } ``` ## UIAbility.onNewWant onNewWant(want: Want, launchParams: AbilityConstant.LaunchParam): void; Called when a new Want is passed in and this UIAbility is started again. **System capability**: SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore **Parameters** | Name| Type| Mandatory| Description| | -------- | -------- | -------- | -------- | | want | [Want](js-apis-app-ability-want.md) | Yes| Want information, such as the ability name and bundle name.| | launchParams | [AbilityConstant.LaunchParam](js-apis-app-ability-abilityConstant.md#abilityconstantlaunchparam) | Yes| Reason for the UIAbility startup and the last abnormal exit.| **Example** ```ts class MyUIAbility extends Ability { onNewWant(want, launchParams) { console.log('onNewWant, want:' + want.abilityName); console.log('onNewWant, launchParams:' + JSON.stringify(launchParams)); } } ``` ## UIAbility.onDump onDump(params: Array\): Array\; Dumps client information. **System capability**: SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore **Parameters** | Name| Type| Mandatory| Description| | -------- | -------- | -------- | -------- | | params | Array\ | Yes| Parameters in the form of a command.| **Example** ```ts class myAbility extends Ability { onDump(params) { console.log('dump, params:' + JSON.stringify(params)); return ['params']; } } ``` ## UIAbility.onSaveState onSaveState(reason: AbilityConstant.StateType, wantParam : {[key: string]: Object}): AbilityConstant.OnSaveResult; Called when the framework automatically saves the UIAbility state in the case of an application fault. This API is used together with [appRecovery](js-apis-app-ability-appRecovery.md). If automatic state saving is enabled, **onSaveState** is called to save the state of this ability. **System capability**: SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore **Parameters** | Name| Type| Mandatory| Description| | -------- | -------- | -------- | -------- | | reason | [AbilityConstant.StateType](js-apis-app-ability-abilityConstant.md#abilityconstantstatetype) | Yes| Reason for triggering the callback to save the UIAbility state.| | wantParam | {[key: string]: any} | Yes| **want** parameter.| **Return value** | Type| Description| | -------- | -------- | | AbilityConstant.OnSaveResult | Whether the ability state is saved.| **Example** ```ts import AbilityConstant from '@ohos.app.ability.AbilityConstant'; class MyUIAbility extends Ability { onSaveState(reason, wantParam) { console.log('onSaveState'); wantParam['myData'] = 'my1234567'; return AbilityConstant.OnSaveResult.RECOVERY_AGREE; } } ``` ## Caller Implements sending of parcelable data to the target ability when the CallerAbility invokes the target ability (CalleeAbility). ## Caller.call call(method: string, data: rpc.Parcelable): Promise<void>; Sends parcelable data to the target ability. **System capability**: SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore **Parameters** | Name| Type| Mandatory| Description| | -------- | -------- | -------- | -------- | | method | string | Yes| Notification message string negotiated between the two abilities. The message is used to instruct the callee to register a function to receive the parcelable data.| | data | [rpc.Parcelable](js-apis-rpc.md#parcelable9) | Yes| Parcelable data. You need to customize the data.| **Return value** | Type| Description| | -------- | -------- | | Promise<void> | Promise used to return a response.| **Error codes** | ID| Error Message| | ------- | -------------------------------- | | 16200001 | Caller released. The caller has been released. | | 16200002 | Callee invalid. The callee does not exist. | | 16000050 | Internal Error. | For details about the error codes, see [Ability Error Codes](../errorcodes/errorcode-ability.md). **Example** ```ts class MyMessageAble{ // Custom parcelable data structure. name:'' str:'' num: 1 constructor(name, str) { this.name = name; this.str = str; } marshalling(messageSequence) { messageSequence.writeInt(this.num); messageSequence.writeString(this.str); console.log('MyMessageAble marshalling num[' + this.num + '] str[' + this.str + ']'); return true; } unmarshalling(messageSequence) { this.num = messageSequence.readInt(); this.str = messageSequence.readString(); console.log('MyMessageAble unmarshalling num[' + this.num + '] str[' + this.str + ']'); return true; } }; let method = 'call_Function'; // Notification message string negotiated by the two abilities. let caller; export default class MainAbility extends Ability { onWindowStageCreate(windowStage) { this.context.startAbilityByCall({ bundleName: 'com.example.myservice', abilityName: 'MainAbility', deviceId: '' }).then((obj) => { caller = obj; let msg = new MyMessageAble('msg', 'world'); // See the definition of Parcelable. caller.call(method, msg) .then(() => { console.log('Caller call() called'); }) .catch((callErr) => { console.log('Caller.call catch error, error.code: ' + JSON.stringify(callErr.code) + ' error.message: ' + JSON.stringify(callErr.message)); }); }).catch((err) => { console.log('Caller GetCaller error, error.code: ' + JSON.stringify(err.code) + ' error.message: ' + JSON.stringify(err.message)); }); } } ``` ## Caller.callWithResult callWithResult(method: string, data: rpc.Parcelable): Promise<rpc.MessageSequence>; Sends parcelable data to the target ability and obtains the parcelable data returned by the target ability. **System capability**: SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore **Parameters** | Name| Type| Mandatory| Description| | -------- | -------- | -------- | -------- | | method | string | Yes| Notification message string negotiated between the two abilities. The message is used to instruct the callee to register a function to receive the parcelable data.| | data | [rpc.Parcelable](js-apis-rpc.md#parcelable9) | Yes| Parcelable data. You need to customize the data.| **Return value** | Type| Description| | -------- | -------- | | Promise<[rpc.MessageSequence](js-apis-rpc.md#messagesequence9)> | Promise used to return the parcelable data from the target ability.| **Error codes** | ID| Error Message| | ------- | -------------------------------- | | 16200001 | Caller released. The caller has been released. | | 16200002 | Callee invalid. The callee does not exist. | | 16000050 | Internal Error. | For details about the error codes, see [Ability Error Codes](../errorcodes/errorcode-ability.md). **Example** ```ts class MyMessageAble{ name:'' str:'' num: 1 constructor(name, str) { this.name = name; this.str = str; } marshalling(messageSequence) { messageSequence.writeInt(this.num); messageSequence.writeString(this.str); console.log('MyMessageAble marshalling num[' + this.num + '] str[' + this.str + ']'); return true; } unmarshalling(messageSequence) { this.num = messageSequence.readInt(); this.str = messageSequence.readString(); console.log('MyMessageAble unmarshalling num[' + this.num + '] str[' + this.str + ']'); return true; } }; let method = 'call_Function'; let caller; export default class MainAbility extends Ability { onWindowStageCreate(windowStage) { this.context.startAbilityByCall({ bundleName: 'com.example.myservice', abilityName: 'MainAbility', deviceId: '' }).then((obj) => { caller = obj; let msg = new MyMessageAble(1, 'world'); caller.callWithResult(method, msg) .then((data) => { console.log('Caller callWithResult() called'); let retmsg = new MyMessageAble(0, ''); data.readParcelable(retmsg); }) .catch((callErr) => { console.log('Caller.callWithResult catch error, error.code: ' + JSON.stringify(callErr.code) + ' error.message: ' + JSON.stringify(callErr.message)); }); }).catch((err) => { console.log('Caller GetCaller error, error.code: ' + JSON.stringify(err.code) + ' error.message: ' + JSON.stringify(err.message)); }); } } ``` ## Caller.release release(): void; Releases the caller interface of the target ability. **System capability**: SystemCapability.UIAbility.UIAbilityRuntime.UIAbilityCore **Error codes** | ID| Error Message| | ------- | -------------------------------- | | 16200001 | Caller released. The caller has been released. | | 16200002 | Callee invalid. The callee does not exist. | For details about the error codes, see [Ability Error Codes](../errorcodes/errorcode-ability.md). **Example** ```ts let caller; export default class MainAbility extends Ability { onWindowStageCreate(windowStage) { this.context.startAbilityByCall({ bundleName: 'com.example.myservice', abilityName: 'MainAbility', deviceId: '' }).then((obj) => { caller = obj; try { caller.release(); } catch (releaseErr) { console.log('Caller.release catch error, error.code: ' + JSON.stringify(releaseErr.code) + ' error.message: ' + JSON.stringify(releaseErr.message)); } }).catch((err) => { console.log('Caller GetCaller error, error.code: ' + JSON.stringify(err.code) + ' error.message: ' + JSON.stringify(err.message)); }); } } ``` ## Caller.onRelease onRelease(callback: OnReleaseCallback): void; Registers a callback that is invoked when the stub on the target ability is disconnected. **System capability**: SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore **Error codes** | ID| Error Message| | ------- | -------------------------------- | | 16200001 | Caller released. The caller has been released. | For details about the error codes, see [Ability Error Codes](../errorcodes/errorcode-ability.md). **Parameters** | Name| Type| Mandatory| Description| | -------- | -------- | -------- | -------- | | callback | [OnReleaseCallback](#onreleasecallback) | Yes| Callback used to return the result.| **Example** ```ts let caller; export default class MainAbility extends Ability { onWindowStageCreate(windowStage) { this.context.startAbilityByCall({ bundleName: 'com.example.myservice', abilityName: 'MainAbility', deviceId: '' }).then((obj) => { caller = obj; try { caller.onRelease((str) => { console.log(' Caller OnRelease CallBack is called ' + str); }); } catch (error) { console.log('Caller.onRelease catch error, error.code: ' + JSON.stringify(error.code) + ' error.message: ' + JSON.stringify(error.message)); } }).catch((err) => { console.log('Caller GetCaller error, error.code: ' + JSON.stringify(err.code) + ' error.message: ' + JSON.stringify(err.message)); }); } } ``` ## Caller.on on(type: 'release', callback: OnReleaseCallback): void; Registers a callback that is invoked when the stub on the target ability is disconnected. **System capability**: SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore **Parameters** | Name| Type| Mandatory| Description| | -------- | -------- | -------- | -------- | | type | string | Yes| Event type. The value is fixed at **release**.| | callback | [OnReleaseCallback](#onreleasecallback) | Yes| Callback used to return the result.| **Error codes** | ID| Error Message| | ------- | -------------------------------- | | 16200001 | Caller released. The caller has been released. | For details about the error codes, see [Ability Error Codes](../errorcodes/errorcode-ability.md). **Example** ```ts let caller; export default class MainAbility extends Ability { onWindowStageCreate(windowStage) { this.context.startAbilityByCall({ bundleName: 'com.example.myservice', abilityName: 'MainAbility', deviceId: '' }).then((obj) => { caller = obj; try { caller.on('release', (str) => { console.log(' Caller OnRelease CallBack is called ' + str); }); } catch (error) { console.log('Caller.on catch error, error.code: ' + JSON.stringify(error.code) + ' error.message: ' + JSON.stringify(error.message)); } }).catch((err) => { console.log('Caller GetCaller error, error.code: ' + JSON.stringify(err.code) + ' error.message: ' + JSON.stringify(err.message)); }); } } ``` ## Caller.off off(type: 'release', callback: OnReleaseCallback): void; Deregisters a callback that is invoked when the stub on the target ability is disconnected. This capability is reserved. **System capability**: SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore **Parameters** | Name| Type| Mandatory| Description| | -------- | -------- | -------- | -------- | | type | string | Yes| Event type. The value is fixed at **release**.| | callback | [OnReleaseCallback](#onreleasecallback) | Yes| Callback used to return the result.| **Error codes** | ID| Error Message| | ------- | -------------------------------- | | 401 | If the input parameter is not valid parameter. | For details about the error codes, see [Ability Error Codes](../errorcodes/errorcode-ability.md). **Example** ```ts let caller; export default class MainUIAbility extends Ability { onWindowStageCreate(windowStage) { this.context.startAbilityByCall({ bundleName: 'com.example.myservice', abilityName: 'MainUIAbility', deviceId: '' }).then((obj) => { caller = obj; try { let onReleaseCallBack = (str) => { console.log(' Caller OnRelease CallBack is called ' + str); }; caller.on('release', onReleaseCallBack); caller.off('release', onReleaseCallBack); } catch (error) { console.log('Caller.on or Caller.off catch error, error.code: ' + JSON.stringify(error.code) + ' error.message: ' + JSON.stringify(error.message)); } }).catch((err) => { console.log('Caller GetCaller error, error.code: ' + JSON.stringify(err.code) + ' error.message: ' + JSON.stringify(err.message)); }); } } ``` ## Caller.off off(type: 'release'): void; Deregisters a callback that is invoked when the stub on the target ability is disconnected. This capability is reserved. **System capability**: SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore **Parameters** | Name| Type| Mandatory| Description| | -------- | -------- | -------- | -------- | | type | string | Yes| Event type. The value is fixed at **release**.| **Error codes** | ID| Error Message| | ------- | -------------------------------- | | 401 | If the input parameter is not valid parameter. | For details about the error codes, see [Ability Error Codes](../errorcodes/errorcode-ability.md). **Example** ```ts let caller; export default class MainUIAbility extends Ability { onWindowStageCreate(windowStage) { this.context.startAbilityByCall({ bundleName: 'com.example.myservice', abilityName: 'MainUIAbility', deviceId: '' }).then((obj) => { caller = obj; try { let onReleaseCallBack = (str) => { console.log(' Caller OnRelease CallBack is called ' + str); }; caller.on('release', onReleaseCallBack); caller.off('release'); } catch (error) { console.error('Caller.on or Caller.off catch error, error.code: ' + JSON.stringify(error.code) + ' error.message: ' + JSON.stringify(error.message)); } }).catch((err) => { console.error('Caller GetCaller error, error.code: ' + JSON.stringify(err.code) + ' error.message: ' + JSON.stringify(err.message)); }); } } ``` ## Callee Implements callbacks for caller notification registration and deregistration. ## Callee.on on(method: string, callback: CalleeCallback): void; Registers a caller notification callback, which is invoked when the target ability registers a function. **System capability**: SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore **Parameters** | Name| Type| Mandatory| Description| | -------- | -------- | -------- | -------- | | method | string | Yes| Notification message string negotiated between the two abilities.| | callback | [CalleeCallback](#calleecallback) | Yes| JS notification synchronization callback of the [rpc.MessageSequence](js-apis-rpc.md#messagesequence9) type. The callback must return at least one empty [rpc.Parcelable](js-apis-rpc.md#parcelable9) object. Otherwise, the function execution fails.| **Error codes** | ID| Error Message| | ------- | -------------------------------- | | 16200004 | Method registered. The method has registered. | | 16000050 | Internal error. | For details about the error codes, see [Ability Error Codes](../errorcodes/errorcode-ability.md). **Example** ```ts class MyMessageAble{ name:'' str:'' num: 1 constructor(name, str) { this.name = name; this.str = str; } marshalling(messageSequence) { messageSequence.writeInt(this.num); messageSequence.writeString(this.str); console.log('MyMessageAble marshalling num[' + this.num + '] str[' + this.str + ']'); return true; } unmarshalling(messageSequence) { this.num = messageSequence.readInt(); this.str = messageSequence.readString(); console.log('MyMessageAble unmarshalling num[' + this.num + '] str[' + this.str + ']'); return true; } }; let method = 'call_Function'; function funcCallBack(pdata) { console.log('Callee funcCallBack is called ' + pdata); let msg = new MyMessageAble('test', ''); pdata.readParcelable(msg); return new MyMessageAble('test1', 'Callee test'); } export default class MainAbility extends Ability { onCreate(want, launchParam) { console.log('Callee onCreate is called'); try { this.callee.on(method, funcCallBack); } catch (error) { console.log('Callee.on catch error, error.code: ' + JSON.stringify(error.code) + ' error.message: ' + JSON.stringify(error.message)); } } } ``` ## Callee.off off(method: string): void; Deregisters a caller notification callback, which is invoked when the target ability registers a function. **System capability**: SystemCapability.UIAbility.UIAbilityRuntime.UIAbilityCore **Parameters** | Name| Type| Mandatory| Description| | -------- | -------- | -------- | -------- | | method | string | Yes| Registered notification message string.| **Error codes** | ID| Error Message| | ------- | -------------------------------- | | 16200005 | Method not registered. The method has not registered. | | 16000050 | Internal error. | For details about the error codes, see [Ability Error Codes](../errorcodes/errorcode-ability.md). **Example** ```ts let method = 'call_Function'; export default class MainAbility extends Ability { onCreate(want, launchParam) { console.log('Callee onCreate is called'); try { this.callee.off(method); } catch (error) { console.log('Callee.off catch error, error.code: ' + JSON.stringify(error.code) + ' error.message: ' + JSON.stringify(error.message)); } } } ``` ## OnReleaseCallback (msg: string): void; **System capability**: SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore | Name| Readable| Writable| Type| Description| | -------- | -------- | -------- | -------- | -------- | | (msg: string) | Yes| No| function | Prototype of the listener function registered by the caller.| ## CalleeCallback (indata: rpc.MessageSequence): rpc.Parcelable; **System capability**: SystemCapability.Ability.AbilityRuntime.AbilityCore | Name| Readable| Writable| Type| Description| | -------- | -------- | -------- | -------- | -------- | | (indata: [rpc.MessageSequence](js-apis-rpc.md#messagesequence9)) | Yes| No| [rpc.Parcelable](js-apis-rpc.md#parcelable9) | Prototype of the listener function registered by the callee.|