1 /* GObject - GLib Type, Object, Parameter and Signal Library
2 * Copyright (C) 1997-1999, 2000-2001 Tim Janik and Red Hat, Inc.
3 *
4 * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
5 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
6 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
7 * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
8 *
9 * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
12 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
13 *
14 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General
15 * Public License along with this library; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
16 */
17
18 /*
19 * FIXME: MT-safety
20 */
21
22 #include "config.h"
23
24 #include <string.h>
25
26 #include "gvalue.h"
27 #include "gvaluecollector.h"
28 #include "gbsearcharray.h"
29 #include "gtype-private.h"
30
31
32 /**
33 * SECTION:generic_values
34 * @short_description: A polymorphic type that can hold values of any
35 * other type
36 * @see_also: The fundamental types which all support #GValue
37 * operations and thus can be used as a type initializer for
38 * g_value_init() are defined by a separate interface. See the
39 * [standard values API][gobject-Standard-Parameter-and-Value-Types]
40 * for details
41 * @title: Generic values
42 *
43 * The #GValue structure is basically a variable container that consists
44 * of a type identifier and a specific value of that type.
45 * The type identifier within a #GValue structure always determines the
46 * type of the associated value.
47 * To create an undefined #GValue structure, simply create a zero-filled
48 * #GValue structure. To initialize the #GValue, use the g_value_init()
49 * function. A #GValue cannot be used until it is initialized.
50 * The basic type operations (such as freeing and copying) are determined
51 * by the #GTypeValueTable associated with the type ID stored in the #GValue.
52 * Other #GValue operations (such as converting values between types) are
53 * provided by this interface.
54 *
55 * The code in the example program below demonstrates #GValue's
56 * features.
57 *
58 * |[<!-- language="C" -->
59 * #include <glib-object.h>
60 *
61 * static void
62 * int2string (const GValue *src_value,
63 * GValue *dest_value)
64 * {
65 * if (g_value_get_int (src_value) == 42)
66 * g_value_set_static_string (dest_value, "An important number");
67 * else
68 * g_value_set_static_string (dest_value, "What's that?");
69 * }
70 *
71 * int
72 * main (int argc,
73 * char *argv[])
74 * {
75 * // GValues must be initialized
76 * GValue a = G_VALUE_INIT;
77 * GValue b = G_VALUE_INIT;
78 * const gchar *message;
79 *
80 * // The GValue starts empty
81 * g_assert (!G_VALUE_HOLDS_STRING (&a));
82 *
83 * // Put a string in it
84 * g_value_init (&a, G_TYPE_STRING);
85 * g_assert (G_VALUE_HOLDS_STRING (&a));
86 * g_value_set_static_string (&a, "Hello, world!");
87 * g_printf ("%s\n", g_value_get_string (&a));
88 *
89 * // Reset it to its pristine state
90 * g_value_unset (&a);
91 *
92 * // It can then be reused for another type
93 * g_value_init (&a, G_TYPE_INT);
94 * g_value_set_int (&a, 42);
95 *
96 * // Attempt to transform it into a GValue of type STRING
97 * g_value_init (&b, G_TYPE_STRING);
98 *
99 * // An INT is transformable to a STRING
100 * g_assert (g_value_type_transformable (G_TYPE_INT, G_TYPE_STRING));
101 *
102 * g_value_transform (&a, &b);
103 * g_printf ("%s\n", g_value_get_string (&b));
104 *
105 * // Attempt to transform it again using a custom transform function
106 * g_value_register_transform_func (G_TYPE_INT, G_TYPE_STRING, int2string);
107 * g_value_transform (&a, &b);
108 * g_printf ("%s\n", g_value_get_string (&b));
109 * return 0;
110 * }
111 * ]|
112 */
113
114
115 /* --- typedefs & structures --- */
116 typedef struct {
117 GType src_type;
118 GType dest_type;
119 GValueTransform func;
120 } TransformEntry;
121
122
123 /* --- prototypes --- */
124 static gint transform_entries_cmp (gconstpointer bsearch_node1,
125 gconstpointer bsearch_node2);
126
127
128 /* --- variables --- */
129 static GBSearchArray *transform_array = NULL;
130 static GBSearchConfig transform_bconfig = {
131 sizeof (TransformEntry),
132 transform_entries_cmp,
133 G_BSEARCH_ARRAY_ALIGN_POWER2,
134 };
135
136
137 /* --- functions --- */
138 void
_g_value_c_init(void)139 _g_value_c_init (void)
140 {
141 transform_array = g_bsearch_array_create (&transform_bconfig);
142 }
143
144 static inline void /* keep this function in sync with gvaluecollector.h and gboxed.c */
value_meminit(GValue * value,GType value_type)145 value_meminit (GValue *value,
146 GType value_type)
147 {
148 value->g_type = value_type;
149 memset (value->data, 0, sizeof (value->data));
150 }
151
152 /**
153 * g_value_init:
154 * @value: A zero-filled (uninitialized) #GValue structure.
155 * @g_type: Type the #GValue should hold values of.
156 *
157 * Initializes @value with the default value of @type.
158 *
159 * Returns: (transfer none): the #GValue structure that has been passed in
160 */
161 GValue*
g_value_init(GValue * value,GType g_type)162 g_value_init (GValue *value,
163 GType g_type)
164 {
165 GTypeValueTable *value_table;
166 /* g_return_val_if_fail (G_TYPE_IS_VALUE (g_type), NULL); be more elaborate below */
167 g_return_val_if_fail (value != NULL, NULL);
168 /* g_return_val_if_fail (G_VALUE_TYPE (value) == 0, NULL); be more elaborate below */
169
170 value_table = g_type_value_table_peek (g_type);
171
172 if (value_table && G_VALUE_TYPE (value) == 0)
173 {
174 /* setup and init */
175 value_meminit (value, g_type);
176 value_table->value_init (value);
177 }
178 else if (G_VALUE_TYPE (value))
179 g_warning ("%s: cannot initialize GValue with type '%s', the value has already been initialized as '%s'",
180 G_STRLOC,
181 g_type_name (g_type),
182 g_type_name (G_VALUE_TYPE (value)));
183 else /* !G_TYPE_IS_VALUE (g_type) */
184 g_warning ("%s: cannot initialize GValue with type '%s', %s",
185 G_STRLOC,
186 g_type_name (g_type),
187 value_table ? "this type is abstract with regards to GValue use, use a more specific (derived) type" : "this type has no GTypeValueTable implementation");
188 return value;
189 }
190
191 /**
192 * g_value_copy:
193 * @src_value: An initialized #GValue structure.
194 * @dest_value: An initialized #GValue structure of the same type as @src_value.
195 *
196 * Copies the value of @src_value into @dest_value.
197 */
198 void
g_value_copy(const GValue * src_value,GValue * dest_value)199 g_value_copy (const GValue *src_value,
200 GValue *dest_value)
201 {
202 g_return_if_fail (src_value);
203 g_return_if_fail (dest_value);
204 g_return_if_fail (g_value_type_compatible (G_VALUE_TYPE (src_value), G_VALUE_TYPE (dest_value)));
205
206 if (src_value != dest_value)
207 {
208 GType dest_type = G_VALUE_TYPE (dest_value);
209 GTypeValueTable *value_table = g_type_value_table_peek (dest_type);
210
211 g_return_if_fail (value_table);
212
213 /* make sure dest_value's value is free()d */
214 if (value_table->value_free)
215 value_table->value_free (dest_value);
216
217 /* setup and copy */
218 value_meminit (dest_value, dest_type);
219 value_table->value_copy (src_value, dest_value);
220 }
221 }
222
223 /**
224 * g_value_reset:
225 * @value: An initialized #GValue structure.
226 *
227 * Clears the current value in @value and resets it to the default value
228 * (as if the value had just been initialized).
229 *
230 * Returns: the #GValue structure that has been passed in
231 */
232 GValue*
g_value_reset(GValue * value)233 g_value_reset (GValue *value)
234 {
235 GTypeValueTable *value_table;
236 GType g_type;
237
238 g_return_val_if_fail (value, NULL);
239 g_type = G_VALUE_TYPE (value);
240
241 value_table = g_type_value_table_peek (g_type);
242 g_return_val_if_fail (value_table, NULL);
243
244 /* make sure value's value is free()d */
245 if (value_table->value_free)
246 value_table->value_free (value);
247
248 /* setup and init */
249 value_meminit (value, g_type);
250 value_table->value_init (value);
251
252 return value;
253 }
254
255 /**
256 * g_value_unset:
257 * @value: An initialized #GValue structure.
258 *
259 * Clears the current value in @value (if any) and "unsets" the type,
260 * this releases all resources associated with this GValue. An unset
261 * value is the same as an uninitialized (zero-filled) #GValue
262 * structure.
263 */
264 void
g_value_unset(GValue * value)265 g_value_unset (GValue *value)
266 {
267 GTypeValueTable *value_table;
268
269 if (value->g_type == 0)
270 return;
271
272 g_return_if_fail (value);
273
274 value_table = g_type_value_table_peek (G_VALUE_TYPE (value));
275 g_return_if_fail (value_table);
276
277 if (value_table->value_free)
278 value_table->value_free (value);
279 memset (value, 0, sizeof (*value));
280 }
281
282 /**
283 * g_value_fits_pointer:
284 * @value: An initialized #GValue structure.
285 *
286 * Determines if @value will fit inside the size of a pointer value.
287 * This is an internal function introduced mainly for C marshallers.
288 *
289 * Returns: %TRUE if @value will fit inside a pointer value.
290 */
291 gboolean
g_value_fits_pointer(const GValue * value)292 g_value_fits_pointer (const GValue *value)
293 {
294 GTypeValueTable *value_table;
295
296 g_return_val_if_fail (value, FALSE);
297
298 value_table = g_type_value_table_peek (G_VALUE_TYPE (value));
299 g_return_val_if_fail (value_table, FALSE);
300
301 return value_table->value_peek_pointer != NULL;
302 }
303
304 /**
305 * g_value_peek_pointer:
306 * @value: An initialized #GValue structure
307 *
308 * Returns the value contents as pointer. This function asserts that
309 * g_value_fits_pointer() returned %TRUE for the passed in value.
310 * This is an internal function introduced mainly for C marshallers.
311 *
312 * Returns: (transfer none): the value contents as pointer
313 */
314 gpointer
g_value_peek_pointer(const GValue * value)315 g_value_peek_pointer (const GValue *value)
316 {
317 GTypeValueTable *value_table;
318
319 g_return_val_if_fail (value, NULL);
320
321 value_table = g_type_value_table_peek (G_VALUE_TYPE (value));
322 g_return_val_if_fail (value_table, NULL);
323
324 if (!value_table->value_peek_pointer)
325 {
326 g_return_val_if_fail (g_value_fits_pointer (value) == TRUE, NULL);
327 return NULL;
328 }
329
330 return value_table->value_peek_pointer (value);
331 }
332
333 /**
334 * g_value_set_instance:
335 * @value: An initialized #GValue structure.
336 * @instance: (nullable): the instance
337 *
338 * Sets @value from an instantiatable type via the
339 * value_table's collect_value() function.
340 */
341 void
g_value_set_instance(GValue * value,gpointer instance)342 g_value_set_instance (GValue *value,
343 gpointer instance)
344 {
345 GType g_type;
346 GTypeValueTable *value_table;
347 GTypeCValue cvalue;
348 gchar *error_msg;
349
350 g_return_if_fail (value);
351 g_type = G_VALUE_TYPE (value);
352 value_table = g_type_value_table_peek (g_type);
353 g_return_if_fail (value_table);
354
355 if (instance)
356 {
357 g_return_if_fail (G_TYPE_CHECK_INSTANCE (instance));
358 g_return_if_fail (g_value_type_compatible (G_TYPE_FROM_INSTANCE (instance), G_VALUE_TYPE (value)));
359 }
360
361 g_return_if_fail (strcmp (value_table->collect_format, "p") == 0);
362
363 memset (&cvalue, 0, sizeof (cvalue));
364 cvalue.v_pointer = instance;
365
366 /* make sure value's value is free()d */
367 if (value_table->value_free)
368 value_table->value_free (value);
369
370 /* setup and collect */
371 value_meminit (value, g_type);
372 error_msg = value_table->collect_value (value, 1, &cvalue, 0);
373 if (error_msg)
374 {
375 g_warning ("%s: %s", G_STRLOC, error_msg);
376 g_free (error_msg);
377
378 /* we purposely leak the value here, it might not be
379 * in a correct state if an error condition occurred
380 */
381 value_meminit (value, g_type);
382 value_table->value_init (value);
383 }
384 }
385
386 /**
387 * g_value_init_from_instance:
388 * @value: An uninitialized #GValue structure.
389 * @instance: (type GObject.TypeInstance): the instance
390 *
391 * Initializes and sets @value from an instantiatable type via the
392 * value_table's collect_value() function.
393 *
394 * Note: The @value will be initialised with the exact type of
395 * @instance. If you wish to set the @value's type to a different GType
396 * (such as a parent class GType), you need to manually call
397 * g_value_init() and g_value_set_instance().
398 *
399 * Since: 2.42
400 */
401 void
g_value_init_from_instance(GValue * value,gpointer instance)402 g_value_init_from_instance (GValue *value,
403 gpointer instance)
404 {
405 g_return_if_fail (value != NULL && G_VALUE_TYPE(value) == 0);
406
407 if (G_IS_OBJECT (instance))
408 {
409 /* Fast-path.
410 * If G_IS_OBJECT() succeeds we know:
411 * * that instance is present and valid
412 * * that it is a GObject, and therefore we can directly
413 * use the collect implementation (g_object_ref) */
414 value_meminit (value, G_TYPE_FROM_INSTANCE (instance));
415 value->data[0].v_pointer = g_object_ref (instance);
416 }
417 else
418 {
419 GType g_type;
420 GTypeValueTable *value_table;
421 GTypeCValue cvalue;
422 gchar *error_msg;
423
424 g_return_if_fail (G_TYPE_CHECK_INSTANCE (instance));
425
426 g_type = G_TYPE_FROM_INSTANCE (instance);
427 value_table = g_type_value_table_peek (g_type);
428 g_return_if_fail (strcmp (value_table->collect_format, "p") == 0);
429
430 memset (&cvalue, 0, sizeof (cvalue));
431 cvalue.v_pointer = instance;
432
433 /* setup and collect */
434 value_meminit (value, g_type);
435 value_table->value_init (value);
436 error_msg = value_table->collect_value (value, 1, &cvalue, 0);
437 if (error_msg)
438 {
439 g_warning ("%s: %s", G_STRLOC, error_msg);
440 g_free (error_msg);
441
442 /* we purposely leak the value here, it might not be
443 * in a correct state if an error condition occurred
444 */
445 value_meminit (value, g_type);
446 value_table->value_init (value);
447 }
448 }
449 }
450
451 static GType
transform_lookup_get_parent_type(GType type)452 transform_lookup_get_parent_type (GType type)
453 {
454 if (g_type_fundamental (type) == G_TYPE_INTERFACE)
455 return g_type_interface_instantiatable_prerequisite (type);
456
457 return g_type_parent (type);
458 }
459
460 static GValueTransform
transform_func_lookup(GType src_type,GType dest_type)461 transform_func_lookup (GType src_type,
462 GType dest_type)
463 {
464 TransformEntry entry;
465
466 entry.src_type = src_type;
467 do
468 {
469 entry.dest_type = dest_type;
470 do
471 {
472 TransformEntry *e;
473
474 e = g_bsearch_array_lookup (transform_array, &transform_bconfig, &entry);
475 if (e)
476 {
477 /* need to check that there hasn't been a change in value handling */
478 if (g_type_value_table_peek (entry.dest_type) == g_type_value_table_peek (dest_type) &&
479 g_type_value_table_peek (entry.src_type) == g_type_value_table_peek (src_type))
480 return e->func;
481 }
482 entry.dest_type = transform_lookup_get_parent_type (entry.dest_type);
483 }
484 while (entry.dest_type);
485
486 entry.src_type = transform_lookup_get_parent_type (entry.src_type);
487 }
488 while (entry.src_type);
489
490 return NULL;
491 }
492
493 static gint
transform_entries_cmp(gconstpointer bsearch_node1,gconstpointer bsearch_node2)494 transform_entries_cmp (gconstpointer bsearch_node1,
495 gconstpointer bsearch_node2)
496 {
497 const TransformEntry *e1 = bsearch_node1;
498 const TransformEntry *e2 = bsearch_node2;
499 gint cmp = G_BSEARCH_ARRAY_CMP (e1->src_type, e2->src_type);
500
501 if (cmp)
502 return cmp;
503 else
504 return G_BSEARCH_ARRAY_CMP (e1->dest_type, e2->dest_type);
505 }
506
507 /**
508 * g_value_register_transform_func: (skip)
509 * @src_type: Source type.
510 * @dest_type: Target type.
511 * @transform_func: a function which transforms values of type @src_type
512 * into value of type @dest_type
513 *
514 * Registers a value transformation function for use in g_value_transform().
515 * A previously registered transformation function for @src_type and @dest_type
516 * will be replaced.
517 */
518 void
g_value_register_transform_func(GType src_type,GType dest_type,GValueTransform transform_func)519 g_value_register_transform_func (GType src_type,
520 GType dest_type,
521 GValueTransform transform_func)
522 {
523 TransformEntry entry;
524
525 /* these checks won't pass for dynamic types.
526 * g_return_if_fail (G_TYPE_HAS_VALUE_TABLE (src_type));
527 * g_return_if_fail (G_TYPE_HAS_VALUE_TABLE (dest_type));
528 */
529 g_return_if_fail (transform_func != NULL);
530
531 entry.src_type = src_type;
532 entry.dest_type = dest_type;
533
534 #if 0 /* let transform function replacement be a valid operation */
535 if (g_bsearch_array_lookup (transform_array, &transform_bconfig, &entry))
536 g_warning ("reregistering value transformation function (%p) for '%s' to '%s'",
537 transform_func,
538 g_type_name (src_type),
539 g_type_name (dest_type));
540 #endif
541
542 entry.func = transform_func;
543 transform_array = g_bsearch_array_replace (transform_array, &transform_bconfig, &entry);
544 }
545
546 /**
547 * g_value_type_transformable:
548 * @src_type: Source type.
549 * @dest_type: Target type.
550 *
551 * Check whether g_value_transform() is able to transform values
552 * of type @src_type into values of type @dest_type. Note that for
553 * the types to be transformable, they must be compatible or a
554 * transformation function must be registered.
555 *
556 * Returns: %TRUE if the transformation is possible, %FALSE otherwise.
557 */
558 gboolean
g_value_type_transformable(GType src_type,GType dest_type)559 g_value_type_transformable (GType src_type,
560 GType dest_type)
561 {
562 g_return_val_if_fail (src_type, FALSE);
563 g_return_val_if_fail (dest_type, FALSE);
564
565 return (g_value_type_compatible (src_type, dest_type) ||
566 transform_func_lookup (src_type, dest_type) != NULL);
567 }
568
569 /**
570 * g_value_type_compatible:
571 * @src_type: source type to be copied.
572 * @dest_type: destination type for copying.
573 *
574 * Returns whether a #GValue of type @src_type can be copied into
575 * a #GValue of type @dest_type.
576 *
577 * Returns: %TRUE if g_value_copy() is possible with @src_type and @dest_type.
578 */
579 gboolean
g_value_type_compatible(GType src_type,GType dest_type)580 g_value_type_compatible (GType src_type,
581 GType dest_type)
582 {
583 g_return_val_if_fail (src_type, FALSE);
584 g_return_val_if_fail (dest_type, FALSE);
585
586 /* Fast path */
587 if (src_type == dest_type)
588 return TRUE;
589
590 return (g_type_is_a (src_type, dest_type) &&
591 g_type_value_table_peek (dest_type) == g_type_value_table_peek (src_type));
592 }
593
594 /**
595 * g_value_transform:
596 * @src_value: Source value.
597 * @dest_value: Target value.
598 *
599 * Tries to cast the contents of @src_value into a type appropriate
600 * to store in @dest_value, e.g. to transform a %G_TYPE_INT value
601 * into a %G_TYPE_FLOAT value. Performing transformations between
602 * value types might incur precision lossage. Especially
603 * transformations into strings might reveal seemingly arbitrary
604 * results and shouldn't be relied upon for production code (such
605 * as rcfile value or object property serialization).
606 *
607 * Returns: Whether a transformation rule was found and could be applied.
608 * Upon failing transformations, @dest_value is left untouched.
609 */
610 gboolean
g_value_transform(const GValue * src_value,GValue * dest_value)611 g_value_transform (const GValue *src_value,
612 GValue *dest_value)
613 {
614 GType dest_type;
615
616 g_return_val_if_fail (src_value, FALSE);
617 g_return_val_if_fail (dest_value, FALSE);
618
619 dest_type = G_VALUE_TYPE (dest_value);
620 if (g_value_type_compatible (G_VALUE_TYPE (src_value), dest_type))
621 {
622 g_value_copy (src_value, dest_value);
623
624 return TRUE;
625 }
626 else
627 {
628 GValueTransform transform = transform_func_lookup (G_VALUE_TYPE (src_value), dest_type);
629
630 if (transform)
631 {
632 g_value_unset (dest_value);
633
634 /* setup and transform */
635 value_meminit (dest_value, dest_type);
636 transform (src_value, dest_value);
637
638 return TRUE;
639 }
640 }
641 return FALSE;
642 }
643