1<html> 2<head> 3<title>pcre2syntax specification</title> 4</head> 5<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#00005A" link="#0066FF" alink="#3399FF" vlink="#2222BB"> 6<h1>pcre2syntax man page</h1> 7<p> 8Return to the <a href="index.html">PCRE2 index page</a>. 9</p> 10<p> 11This page is part of the PCRE2 HTML documentation. It was generated 12automatically from the original man page. If there is any nonsense in it, 13please consult the man page, in case the conversion went wrong. 14<br> 15<ul> 16<li><a name="TOC1" href="#SEC1">PCRE2 REGULAR EXPRESSION SYNTAX SUMMARY</a> 17<li><a name="TOC2" href="#SEC2">QUOTING</a> 18<li><a name="TOC3" href="#SEC3">ESCAPED CHARACTERS</a> 19<li><a name="TOC4" href="#SEC4">CHARACTER TYPES</a> 20<li><a name="TOC5" href="#SEC5">GENERAL CATEGORY PROPERTIES FOR \p and \P</a> 21<li><a name="TOC6" href="#SEC6">PCRE2 SPECIAL CATEGORY PROPERTIES FOR \p and \P</a> 22<li><a name="TOC7" href="#SEC7">SCRIPT NAMES FOR \p AND \P</a> 23<li><a name="TOC8" href="#SEC8">CHARACTER CLASSES</a> 24<li><a name="TOC9" href="#SEC9">QUANTIFIERS</a> 25<li><a name="TOC10" href="#SEC10">ANCHORS AND SIMPLE ASSERTIONS</a> 26<li><a name="TOC11" href="#SEC11">REPORTED MATCH POINT SETTING</a> 27<li><a name="TOC12" href="#SEC12">ALTERNATION</a> 28<li><a name="TOC13" href="#SEC13">CAPTURING</a> 29<li><a name="TOC14" href="#SEC14">ATOMIC GROUPS</a> 30<li><a name="TOC15" href="#SEC15">COMMENT</a> 31<li><a name="TOC16" href="#SEC16">OPTION SETTING</a> 32<li><a name="TOC17" href="#SEC17">NEWLINE CONVENTION</a> 33<li><a name="TOC18" href="#SEC18">WHAT \R MATCHES</a> 34<li><a name="TOC19" href="#SEC19">LOOKAHEAD AND LOOKBEHIND ASSERTIONS</a> 35<li><a name="TOC20" href="#SEC20">NON-ATOMIC LOOKAROUND ASSERTIONS</a> 36<li><a name="TOC21" href="#SEC21">SCRIPT RUNS</a> 37<li><a name="TOC22" href="#SEC22">BACKREFERENCES</a> 38<li><a name="TOC23" href="#SEC23">SUBROUTINE REFERENCES (POSSIBLY RECURSIVE)</a> 39<li><a name="TOC24" href="#SEC24">CONDITIONAL PATTERNS</a> 40<li><a name="TOC25" href="#SEC25">BACKTRACKING CONTROL</a> 41<li><a name="TOC26" href="#SEC26">CALLOUTS</a> 42<li><a name="TOC27" href="#SEC27">SEE ALSO</a> 43<li><a name="TOC28" href="#SEC28">AUTHOR</a> 44<li><a name="TOC29" href="#SEC29">REVISION</a> 45</ul> 46<br><a name="SEC1" href="#TOC1">PCRE2 REGULAR EXPRESSION SYNTAX SUMMARY</a><br> 47<P> 48The full syntax and semantics of the regular expressions that are supported by 49PCRE2 are described in the 50<a href="pcre2pattern.html"><b>pcre2pattern</b></a> 51documentation. This document contains a quick-reference summary of the syntax. 52</P> 53<br><a name="SEC2" href="#TOC1">QUOTING</a><br> 54<P> 55<pre> 56 \x where x is non-alphanumeric is a literal x 57 \Q...\E treat enclosed characters as literal 58</PRE> 59</P> 60<br><a name="SEC3" href="#TOC1">ESCAPED CHARACTERS</a><br> 61<P> 62This table applies to ASCII and Unicode environments. An unrecognized escape 63sequence causes an error. 64<pre> 65 \a alarm, that is, the BEL character (hex 07) 66 \cx "control-x", where x is any ASCII printing character 67 \e escape (hex 1B) 68 \f form feed (hex 0C) 69 \n newline (hex 0A) 70 \r carriage return (hex 0D) 71 \t tab (hex 09) 72 \0dd character with octal code 0dd 73 \ddd character with octal code ddd, or backreference 74 \o{ddd..} character with octal code ddd.. 75 \N{U+hh..} character with Unicode code point hh.. (Unicode mode only) 76 \xhh character with hex code hh 77 \x{hh..} character with hex code hh.. 78</pre> 79If PCRE2_ALT_BSUX or PCRE2_EXTRA_ALT_BSUX is set ("ALT_BSUX mode"), the 80following are also recognized: 81<pre> 82 \U the character "U" 83 \uhhhh character with hex code hhhh 84 \u{hh..} character with hex code hh.. but only for EXTRA_ALT_BSUX 85</pre> 86When \x is not followed by {, from zero to two hexadecimal digits are read, 87but in ALT_BSUX mode \x must be followed by two hexadecimal digits to be 88recognized as a hexadecimal escape; otherwise it matches a literal "x". 89Likewise, if \u (in ALT_BSUX mode) is not followed by four hexadecimal digits 90or (in EXTRA_ALT_BSUX mode) a sequence of hex digits in curly brackets, it 91matches a literal "u". 92</P> 93<P> 94Note that \0dd is always an octal code. The treatment of backslash followed by 95a non-zero digit is complicated; for details see the section 96<a href="pcre2pattern.html#digitsafterbackslash">"Non-printing characters"</a> 97in the 98<a href="pcre2pattern.html"><b>pcre2pattern</b></a> 99documentation, where details of escape processing in EBCDIC environments are 100also given. \N{U+hh..} is synonymous with \x{hh..} in PCRE2 but is not 101supported in EBCDIC environments. Note that \N not followed by an opening 102curly bracket has a different meaning (see below). 103</P> 104<br><a name="SEC4" href="#TOC1">CHARACTER TYPES</a><br> 105<P> 106<pre> 107 . any character except newline; 108 in dotall mode, any character whatsoever 109 \C one code unit, even in UTF mode (best avoided) 110 \d a decimal digit 111 \D a character that is not a decimal digit 112 \h a horizontal white space character 113 \H a character that is not a horizontal white space character 114 \N a character that is not a newline 115 \p{<i>xx</i>} a character with the <i>xx</i> property 116 \P{<i>xx</i>} a character without the <i>xx</i> property 117 \R a newline sequence 118 \s a white space character 119 \S a character that is not a white space character 120 \v a vertical white space character 121 \V a character that is not a vertical white space character 122 \w a "word" character 123 \W a "non-word" character 124 \X a Unicode extended grapheme cluster 125</pre> 126\C is dangerous because it may leave the current matching point in the middle 127of a UTF-8 or UTF-16 character. The application can lock out the use of \C by 128setting the PCRE2_NEVER_BACKSLASH_C option. It is also possible to build PCRE2 129with the use of \C permanently disabled. 130</P> 131<P> 132By default, \d, \s, and \w match only ASCII characters, even in UTF-8 mode 133or in the 16-bit and 32-bit libraries. However, if locale-specific matching is 134happening, \s and \w may also match characters with code points in the range 135128-255. If the PCRE2_UCP option is set, the behaviour of these escape 136sequences is changed to use Unicode properties and they match many more 137characters. 138</P> 139<br><a name="SEC5" href="#TOC1">GENERAL CATEGORY PROPERTIES FOR \p and \P</a><br> 140<P> 141<pre> 142 C Other 143 Cc Control 144 Cf Format 145 Cn Unassigned 146 Co Private use 147 Cs Surrogate 148 149 L Letter 150 Ll Lower case letter 151 Lm Modifier letter 152 Lo Other letter 153 Lt Title case letter 154 Lu Upper case letter 155 L& Ll, Lu, or Lt 156 157 M Mark 158 Mc Spacing mark 159 Me Enclosing mark 160 Mn Non-spacing mark 161 162 N Number 163 Nd Decimal number 164 Nl Letter number 165 No Other number 166 167 P Punctuation 168 Pc Connector punctuation 169 Pd Dash punctuation 170 Pe Close punctuation 171 Pf Final punctuation 172 Pi Initial punctuation 173 Po Other punctuation 174 Ps Open punctuation 175 176 S Symbol 177 Sc Currency symbol 178 Sk Modifier symbol 179 Sm Mathematical symbol 180 So Other symbol 181 182 Z Separator 183 Zl Line separator 184 Zp Paragraph separator 185 Zs Space separator 186</PRE> 187</P> 188<br><a name="SEC6" href="#TOC1">PCRE2 SPECIAL CATEGORY PROPERTIES FOR \p and \P</a><br> 189<P> 190<pre> 191 Xan Alphanumeric: union of properties L and N 192 Xps POSIX space: property Z or tab, NL, VT, FF, CR 193 Xsp Perl space: property Z or tab, NL, VT, FF, CR 194 Xuc Univerally-named character: one that can be 195 represented by a Universal Character Name 196 Xwd Perl word: property Xan or underscore 197</pre> 198Perl and POSIX space are now the same. Perl added VT to its space character set 199at release 5.18. 200</P> 201<br><a name="SEC7" href="#TOC1">SCRIPT NAMES FOR \p AND \P</a><br> 202<P> 203Adlam, 204Ahom, 205Anatolian_Hieroglyphs, 206Arabic, 207Armenian, 208Avestan, 209Balinese, 210Bamum, 211Bassa_Vah, 212Batak, 213Bengali, 214Bhaiksuki, 215Bopomofo, 216Brahmi, 217Braille, 218Buginese, 219Buhid, 220Canadian_Aboriginal, 221Carian, 222Caucasian_Albanian, 223Chakma, 224Cham, 225Cherokee, 226Chorasmian, 227Common, 228Coptic, 229Cuneiform, 230Cypriot, 231Cypro_Minoan, 232Cyrillic, 233Deseret, 234Devanagari, 235Dives_Akuru, 236Dogra, 237Duployan, 238Egyptian_Hieroglyphs, 239Elbasan, 240Elymaic, 241Ethiopic, 242Georgian, 243Glagolitic, 244Gothic, 245Grantha, 246Greek, 247Gujarati, 248Gunjala_Gondi, 249Gurmukhi, 250Han, 251Hangul, 252Hanifi_Rohingya, 253Hanunoo, 254Hatran, 255Hebrew, 256Hiragana, 257Imperial_Aramaic, 258Inherited, 259Inscriptional_Pahlavi, 260Inscriptional_Parthian, 261Javanese, 262Kaithi, 263Kannada, 264Katakana, 265Kayah_Li, 266Kharoshthi, 267Khitan_Small_Script, 268Khmer, 269Khojki, 270Khudawadi, 271Lao, 272Latin, 273Lepcha, 274Limbu, 275Linear_A, 276Linear_B, 277Lisu, 278Lycian, 279Lydian, 280Mahajani, 281Makasar, 282Malayalam, 283Mandaic, 284Manichaean, 285Marchen, 286Masaram_Gondi, 287Medefaidrin, 288Meetei_Mayek, 289Mende_Kikakui, 290Meroitic_Cursive, 291Meroitic_Hieroglyphs, 292Miao, 293Modi, 294Mongolian, 295Mro, 296Multani, 297Myanmar, 298Nabataean, 299Nandinagari, 300New_Tai_Lue, 301Newa, 302Nko, 303Nushu, 304Nyakeng_Puachue_Hmong, 305Ogham, 306Ol_Chiki, 307Old_Hungarian, 308Old_Italic, 309Old_North_Arabian, 310Old_Permic, 311Old_Persian, 312Old_Sogdian, 313Old_South_Arabian, 314Old_Turkic, 315Old_Uyghur, 316Oriya, 317Osage, 318Osmanya, 319Pahawh_Hmong, 320Palmyrene, 321Pau_Cin_Hau, 322Phags_Pa, 323Phoenician, 324Psalter_Pahlavi, 325Rejang, 326Runic, 327Samaritan, 328Saurashtra, 329Sharada, 330Shavian, 331Siddham, 332SignWriting, 333Sinhala, 334Sogdian, 335Sora_Sompeng, 336Soyombo, 337Sundanese, 338Syloti_Nagri, 339Syriac, 340Tagalog, 341Tagbanwa, 342Tai_Le, 343Tai_Tham, 344Tai_Viet, 345Takri, 346Tamil, 347Tangsa, 348Tangut, 349Telugu, 350Thaana, 351Thai, 352Tibetan, 353Tifinagh, 354Tirhuta, 355Toto, 356Ugaritic, 357Vai, 358Vithkuqi, 359Wancho, 360Warang_Citi, 361Yezidi, 362Yi, 363Zanabazar_Square. 364</P> 365<br><a name="SEC8" href="#TOC1">CHARACTER CLASSES</a><br> 366<P> 367<pre> 368 [...] positive character class 369 [^...] negative character class 370 [x-y] range (can be used for hex characters) 371 [[:xxx:]] positive POSIX named set 372 [[:^xxx:]] negative POSIX named set 373 374 alnum alphanumeric 375 alpha alphabetic 376 ascii 0-127 377 blank space or tab 378 cntrl control character 379 digit decimal digit 380 graph printing, excluding space 381 lower lower case letter 382 print printing, including space 383 punct printing, excluding alphanumeric 384 space white space 385 upper upper case letter 386 word same as \w 387 xdigit hexadecimal digit 388</pre> 389In PCRE2, POSIX character set names recognize only ASCII characters by default, 390but some of them use Unicode properties if PCRE2_UCP is set. You can use 391\Q...\E inside a character class. 392</P> 393<br><a name="SEC9" href="#TOC1">QUANTIFIERS</a><br> 394<P> 395<pre> 396 ? 0 or 1, greedy 397 ?+ 0 or 1, possessive 398 ?? 0 or 1, lazy 399 * 0 or more, greedy 400 *+ 0 or more, possessive 401 *? 0 or more, lazy 402 + 1 or more, greedy 403 ++ 1 or more, possessive 404 +? 1 or more, lazy 405 {n} exactly n 406 {n,m} at least n, no more than m, greedy 407 {n,m}+ at least n, no more than m, possessive 408 {n,m}? at least n, no more than m, lazy 409 {n,} n or more, greedy 410 {n,}+ n or more, possessive 411 {n,}? n or more, lazy 412</PRE> 413</P> 414<br><a name="SEC10" href="#TOC1">ANCHORS AND SIMPLE ASSERTIONS</a><br> 415<P> 416<pre> 417 \b word boundary 418 \B not a word boundary 419 ^ start of subject 420 also after an internal newline in multiline mode 421 (after any newline if PCRE2_ALT_CIRCUMFLEX is set) 422 \A start of subject 423 $ end of subject 424 also before newline at end of subject 425 also before internal newline in multiline mode 426 \Z end of subject 427 also before newline at end of subject 428 \z end of subject 429 \G first matching position in subject 430</PRE> 431</P> 432<br><a name="SEC11" href="#TOC1">REPORTED MATCH POINT SETTING</a><br> 433<P> 434<pre> 435 \K set reported start of match 436</pre> 437From release 10.38 \K is not permitted by default in lookaround assertions, 438for compatibility with Perl. However, if the PCRE2_EXTRA_ALLOW_LOOKAROUND_BSK 439option is set, the previous behaviour is re-enabled. When this option is set, 440\K is honoured in positive assertions, but ignored in negative ones. 441</P> 442<br><a name="SEC12" href="#TOC1">ALTERNATION</a><br> 443<P> 444<pre> 445 expr|expr|expr... 446</PRE> 447</P> 448<br><a name="SEC13" href="#TOC1">CAPTURING</a><br> 449<P> 450<pre> 451 (...) capture group 452 (?<name>...) named capture group (Perl) 453 (?'name'...) named capture group (Perl) 454 (?P<name>...) named capture group (Python) 455 (?:...) non-capture group 456 (?|...) non-capture group; reset group numbers for 457 capture groups in each alternative 458</pre> 459In non-UTF modes, names may contain underscores and ASCII letters and digits; 460in UTF modes, any Unicode letters and Unicode decimal digits are permitted. In 461both cases, a name must not start with a digit. 462</P> 463<br><a name="SEC14" href="#TOC1">ATOMIC GROUPS</a><br> 464<P> 465<pre> 466 (?>...) atomic non-capture group 467 (*atomic:...) atomic non-capture group 468</PRE> 469</P> 470<br><a name="SEC15" href="#TOC1">COMMENT</a><br> 471<P> 472<pre> 473 (?#....) comment (not nestable) 474</PRE> 475</P> 476<br><a name="SEC16" href="#TOC1">OPTION SETTING</a><br> 477<P> 478Changes of these options within a group are automatically cancelled at the end 479of the group. 480<pre> 481 (?i) caseless 482 (?J) allow duplicate named groups 483 (?m) multiline 484 (?n) no auto capture 485 (?s) single line (dotall) 486 (?U) default ungreedy (lazy) 487 (?x) extended: ignore white space except in classes 488 (?xx) as (?x) but also ignore space and tab in classes 489 (?-...) unset option(s) 490 (?^) unset imnsx options 491</pre> 492Unsetting x or xx unsets both. Several options may be set at once, and a 493mixture of setting and unsetting such as (?i-x) is allowed, but there may be 494only one hyphen. Setting (but no unsetting) is allowed after (?^ for example 495(?^in). An option setting may appear at the start of a non-capture group, for 496example (?i:...). 497</P> 498<P> 499The following are recognized only at the very start of a pattern or after one 500of the newline or \R options with similar syntax. More than one of them may 501appear. For the first three, d is a decimal number. 502<pre> 503 (*LIMIT_DEPTH=d) set the backtracking limit to d 504 (*LIMIT_HEAP=d) set the heap size limit to d * 1024 bytes 505 (*LIMIT_MATCH=d) set the match limit to d 506 (*NOTEMPTY) set PCRE2_NOTEMPTY when matching 507 (*NOTEMPTY_ATSTART) set PCRE2_NOTEMPTY_ATSTART when matching 508 (*NO_AUTO_POSSESS) no auto-possessification (PCRE2_NO_AUTO_POSSESS) 509 (*NO_DOTSTAR_ANCHOR) no .* anchoring (PCRE2_NO_DOTSTAR_ANCHOR) 510 (*NO_JIT) disable JIT optimization 511 (*NO_START_OPT) no start-match optimization (PCRE2_NO_START_OPTIMIZE) 512 (*UTF) set appropriate UTF mode for the library in use 513 (*UCP) set PCRE2_UCP (use Unicode properties for \d etc) 514</pre> 515Note that LIMIT_DEPTH, LIMIT_HEAP, and LIMIT_MATCH can only reduce the value of 516the limits set by the caller of <b>pcre2_match()</b> or <b>pcre2_dfa_match()</b>, 517not increase them. LIMIT_RECURSION is an obsolete synonym for LIMIT_DEPTH. The 518application can lock out the use of (*UTF) and (*UCP) by setting the 519PCRE2_NEVER_UTF or PCRE2_NEVER_UCP options, respectively, at compile time. 520</P> 521<br><a name="SEC17" href="#TOC1">NEWLINE CONVENTION</a><br> 522<P> 523These are recognized only at the very start of the pattern or after option 524settings with a similar syntax. 525<pre> 526 (*CR) carriage return only 527 (*LF) linefeed only 528 (*CRLF) carriage return followed by linefeed 529 (*ANYCRLF) all three of the above 530 (*ANY) any Unicode newline sequence 531 (*NUL) the NUL character (binary zero) 532</PRE> 533</P> 534<br><a name="SEC18" href="#TOC1">WHAT \R MATCHES</a><br> 535<P> 536These are recognized only at the very start of the pattern or after option 537setting with a similar syntax. 538<pre> 539 (*BSR_ANYCRLF) CR, LF, or CRLF 540 (*BSR_UNICODE) any Unicode newline sequence 541</PRE> 542</P> 543<br><a name="SEC19" href="#TOC1">LOOKAHEAD AND LOOKBEHIND ASSERTIONS</a><br> 544<P> 545<pre> 546 (?=...) ) 547 (*pla:...) ) positive lookahead 548 (*positive_lookahead:...) ) 549 550 (?!...) ) 551 (*nla:...) ) negative lookahead 552 (*negative_lookahead:...) ) 553 554 (?<=...) ) 555 (*plb:...) ) positive lookbehind 556 (*positive_lookbehind:...) ) 557 558 (?<!...) ) 559 (*nlb:...) ) negative lookbehind 560 (*negative_lookbehind:...) ) 561</pre> 562Each top-level branch of a lookbehind must be of a fixed length. 563</P> 564<br><a name="SEC20" href="#TOC1">NON-ATOMIC LOOKAROUND ASSERTIONS</a><br> 565<P> 566These assertions are specific to PCRE2 and are not Perl-compatible. 567<pre> 568 (?*...) ) 569 (*napla:...) ) synonyms 570 (*non_atomic_positive_lookahead:...) ) 571 572 (?<*...) ) 573 (*naplb:...) ) synonyms 574 (*non_atomic_positive_lookbehind:...) ) 575</PRE> 576</P> 577<br><a name="SEC21" href="#TOC1">SCRIPT RUNS</a><br> 578<P> 579<pre> 580 (*script_run:...) ) script run, can be backtracked into 581 (*sr:...) ) 582 583 (*atomic_script_run:...) ) atomic script run 584 (*asr:...) ) 585</PRE> 586</P> 587<br><a name="SEC22" href="#TOC1">BACKREFERENCES</a><br> 588<P> 589<pre> 590 \n reference by number (can be ambiguous) 591 \gn reference by number 592 \g{n} reference by number 593 \g+n relative reference by number (PCRE2 extension) 594 \g-n relative reference by number 595 \g{+n} relative reference by number (PCRE2 extension) 596 \g{-n} relative reference by number 597 \k<name> reference by name (Perl) 598 \k'name' reference by name (Perl) 599 \g{name} reference by name (Perl) 600 \k{name} reference by name (.NET) 601 (?P=name) reference by name (Python) 602</PRE> 603</P> 604<br><a name="SEC23" href="#TOC1">SUBROUTINE REFERENCES (POSSIBLY RECURSIVE)</a><br> 605<P> 606<pre> 607 (?R) recurse whole pattern 608 (?n) call subroutine by absolute number 609 (?+n) call subroutine by relative number 610 (?-n) call subroutine by relative number 611 (?&name) call subroutine by name (Perl) 612 (?P>name) call subroutine by name (Python) 613 \g<name> call subroutine by name (Oniguruma) 614 \g'name' call subroutine by name (Oniguruma) 615 \g<n> call subroutine by absolute number (Oniguruma) 616 \g'n' call subroutine by absolute number (Oniguruma) 617 \g<+n> call subroutine by relative number (PCRE2 extension) 618 \g'+n' call subroutine by relative number (PCRE2 extension) 619 \g<-n> call subroutine by relative number (PCRE2 extension) 620 \g'-n' call subroutine by relative number (PCRE2 extension) 621</PRE> 622</P> 623<br><a name="SEC24" href="#TOC1">CONDITIONAL PATTERNS</a><br> 624<P> 625<pre> 626 (?(condition)yes-pattern) 627 (?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern) 628 629 (?(n) absolute reference condition 630 (?(+n) relative reference condition 631 (?(-n) relative reference condition 632 (?(<name>) named reference condition (Perl) 633 (?('name') named reference condition (Perl) 634 (?(name) named reference condition (PCRE2, deprecated) 635 (?(R) overall recursion condition 636 (?(Rn) specific numbered group recursion condition 637 (?(R&name) specific named group recursion condition 638 (?(DEFINE) define groups for reference 639 (?(VERSION[>]=n.m) test PCRE2 version 640 (?(assert) assertion condition 641</pre> 642Note the ambiguity of (?(R) and (?(Rn) which might be named reference 643conditions or recursion tests. Such a condition is interpreted as a reference 644condition if the relevant named group exists. 645</P> 646<br><a name="SEC25" href="#TOC1">BACKTRACKING CONTROL</a><br> 647<P> 648All backtracking control verbs may be in the form (*VERB:NAME). For (*MARK) the 649name is mandatory, for the others it is optional. (*SKIP) changes its behaviour 650if :NAME is present. The others just set a name for passing back to the caller, 651but this is not a name that (*SKIP) can see. The following act immediately they 652are reached: 653<pre> 654 (*ACCEPT) force successful match 655 (*FAIL) force backtrack; synonym (*F) 656 (*MARK:NAME) set name to be passed back; synonym (*:NAME) 657</pre> 658The following act only when a subsequent match failure causes a backtrack to 659reach them. They all force a match failure, but they differ in what happens 660afterwards. Those that advance the start-of-match point do so only if the 661pattern is not anchored. 662<pre> 663 (*COMMIT) overall failure, no advance of starting point 664 (*PRUNE) advance to next starting character 665 (*SKIP) advance to current matching position 666 (*SKIP:NAME) advance to position corresponding to an earlier 667 (*MARK:NAME); if not found, the (*SKIP) is ignored 668 (*THEN) local failure, backtrack to next alternation 669</pre> 670The effect of one of these verbs in a group called as a subroutine is confined 671to the subroutine call. 672</P> 673<br><a name="SEC26" href="#TOC1">CALLOUTS</a><br> 674<P> 675<pre> 676 (?C) callout (assumed number 0) 677 (?Cn) callout with numerical data n 678 (?C"text") callout with string data 679</pre> 680The allowed string delimiters are ` ' " ^ % # $ (which are the same for the 681start and the end), and the starting delimiter { matched with the ending 682delimiter }. To encode the ending delimiter within the string, double it. 683</P> 684<br><a name="SEC27" href="#TOC1">SEE ALSO</a><br> 685<P> 686<b>pcre2pattern</b>(3), <b>pcre2api</b>(3), <b>pcre2callout</b>(3), 687<b>pcre2matching</b>(3), <b>pcre2</b>(3). 688</P> 689<br><a name="SEC28" href="#TOC1">AUTHOR</a><br> 690<P> 691Philip Hazel 692<br> 693Retired from University Computing Service 694<br> 695Cambridge, England. 696<br> 697</P> 698<br><a name="SEC29" href="#TOC1">REVISION</a><br> 699<P> 700Last updated: 30 August 2021 701<br> 702Copyright © 1997-2021 University of Cambridge. 703<br> 704<p> 705Return to the <a href="index.html">PCRE2 index page</a>. 706</p> 707