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1 /* GLIB - Library of useful routines for C programming
2  * Copyright (C) 1995-1997  Peter Mattis, Spencer Kimball and Josh MacDonald
3  *
4  * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
5  * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
6  * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
7  * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
8  *
9  * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
12  * Lesser General Public License for more details.
13  *
14  * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
15  * License along with this library; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
16  */
17 
18 /*
19  * Modified by the GLib Team and others 1997-2000.  See the AUTHORS
20  * file for a list of people on the GLib Team.  See the ChangeLog
21  * files for a list of changes.  These files are distributed with
22  * GLib at ftp://ftp.gtk.org/pub/gtk/.
23  */
24 
25 /*
26  * MT safe
27  */
28 
29 #include "config.h"
30 
31 #include <stdarg.h>
32 #include <stdlib.h>
33 #include <stdio.h>
34 #include <string.h>
35 #include <ctype.h>
36 
37 #include "gstring.h"
38 #include "guriprivate.h"
39 #include "gprintf.h"
40 
41 
42 /**
43  * SECTION:strings
44  * @title: Strings
45  * @short_description: text buffers which grow automatically
46  *     as text is added
47  *
48  * A #GString is an object that handles the memory management of a C
49  * string for you.  The emphasis of #GString is on text, typically
50  * UTF-8.  Crucially, the "str" member of a #GString is guaranteed to
51  * have a trailing nul character, and it is therefore always safe to
52  * call functions such as strchr() or g_strdup() on it.
53  *
54  * However, a #GString can also hold arbitrary binary data, because it
55  * has a "len" member, which includes any possible embedded nul
56  * characters in the data.  Conceptually then, #GString is like a
57  * #GByteArray with the addition of many convenience methods for text,
58  * and a guaranteed nul terminator.
59  */
60 
61 /**
62  * GString:
63  * @str: points to the character data. It may move as text is added.
64  *   The @str field is null-terminated and so
65  *   can be used as an ordinary C string.
66  * @len: contains the length of the string, not including the
67  *   terminating nul byte.
68  * @allocated_len: the number of bytes that can be stored in the
69  *   string before it needs to be reallocated. May be larger than @len.
70  *
71  * The GString struct contains the public fields of a GString.
72  */
73 
74 
75 #define MY_MAXSIZE ((gsize)-1)
76 
77 static inline gsize
nearest_power(gsize base,gsize num)78 nearest_power (gsize base, gsize num)
79 {
80   if (num > MY_MAXSIZE / 2)
81     {
82       return MY_MAXSIZE;
83     }
84   else
85     {
86       gsize n = base;
87 
88       while (n < num)
89         n <<= 1;
90 
91       return n;
92     }
93 }
94 
95 static void
g_string_maybe_expand(GString * string,gsize len)96 g_string_maybe_expand (GString *string,
97                        gsize    len)
98 {
99   if (string->len + len >= string->allocated_len)
100     {
101       string->allocated_len = nearest_power (1, string->len + len + 1);
102       string->str = g_realloc (string->str, string->allocated_len);
103     }
104 }
105 
106 /**
107  * g_string_sized_new:
108  * @dfl_size: the default size of the space allocated to
109  *     hold the string
110  *
111  * Creates a new #GString, with enough space for @dfl_size
112  * bytes. This is useful if you are going to add a lot of
113  * text to the string and don't want it to be reallocated
114  * too often.
115  *
116  * Returns: the new #GString
117  */
118 GString *
g_string_sized_new(gsize dfl_size)119 g_string_sized_new (gsize dfl_size)
120 {
121   GString *string = g_slice_new (GString);
122 
123   string->allocated_len = 0;
124   string->len   = 0;
125   string->str   = NULL;
126 
127   g_string_maybe_expand (string, MAX (dfl_size, 2));
128   string->str[0] = 0;
129 
130   return string;
131 }
132 
133 /**
134  * g_string_new:
135  * @init: (nullable): the initial text to copy into the string, or %NULL to
136  * start with an empty string
137  *
138  * Creates a new #GString, initialized with the given string.
139  *
140  * Returns: the new #GString
141  */
142 GString *
g_string_new(const gchar * init)143 g_string_new (const gchar *init)
144 {
145   GString *string;
146 
147   if (init == NULL || *init == '\0')
148     string = g_string_sized_new (2);
149   else
150     {
151       gint len;
152 
153       len = strlen (init);
154       string = g_string_sized_new (len + 2);
155 
156       g_string_append_len (string, init, len);
157     }
158 
159   return string;
160 }
161 
162 /**
163  * g_string_new_len:
164  * @init: initial contents of the string
165  * @len: length of @init to use
166  *
167  * Creates a new #GString with @len bytes of the @init buffer.
168  * Because a length is provided, @init need not be nul-terminated,
169  * and can contain embedded nul bytes.
170  *
171  * Since this function does not stop at nul bytes, it is the caller's
172  * responsibility to ensure that @init has at least @len addressable
173  * bytes.
174  *
175  * Returns: a new #GString
176  */
177 GString *
g_string_new_len(const gchar * init,gssize len)178 g_string_new_len (const gchar *init,
179                   gssize       len)
180 {
181   GString *string;
182 
183   if (len < 0)
184     return g_string_new (init);
185   else
186     {
187       string = g_string_sized_new (len);
188 
189       if (init)
190         g_string_append_len (string, init, len);
191 
192       return string;
193     }
194 }
195 
196 /**
197  * g_string_free:
198  * @string: (transfer full): a #GString
199  * @free_segment: if %TRUE, the actual character data is freed as well
200  *
201  * Frees the memory allocated for the #GString.
202  * If @free_segment is %TRUE it also frees the character data.  If
203  * it's %FALSE, the caller gains ownership of the buffer and must
204  * free it after use with g_free().
205  *
206  * Returns: (nullable): the character data of @string
207  *          (i.e. %NULL if @free_segment is %TRUE)
208  */
209 gchar *
g_string_free(GString * string,gboolean free_segment)210 g_string_free (GString  *string,
211                gboolean  free_segment)
212 {
213   gchar *segment;
214 
215   g_return_val_if_fail (string != NULL, NULL);
216 
217   if (free_segment)
218     {
219       g_free (string->str);
220       segment = NULL;
221     }
222   else
223     segment = string->str;
224 
225   g_slice_free (GString, string);
226 
227   return segment;
228 }
229 
230 /**
231  * g_string_free_to_bytes:
232  * @string: (transfer full): a #GString
233  *
234  * Transfers ownership of the contents of @string to a newly allocated
235  * #GBytes.  The #GString structure itself is deallocated, and it is
236  * therefore invalid to use @string after invoking this function.
237  *
238  * Note that while #GString ensures that its buffer always has a
239  * trailing nul character (not reflected in its "len"), the returned
240  * #GBytes does not include this extra nul; i.e. it has length exactly
241  * equal to the "len" member.
242  *
243  * Returns: (transfer full): A newly allocated #GBytes containing contents of @string; @string itself is freed
244  * Since: 2.34
245  */
246 GBytes*
g_string_free_to_bytes(GString * string)247 g_string_free_to_bytes (GString *string)
248 {
249   gsize len;
250   gchar *buf;
251 
252   g_return_val_if_fail (string != NULL, NULL);
253 
254   len = string->len;
255 
256   buf = g_string_free (string, FALSE);
257 
258   return g_bytes_new_take (buf, len);
259 }
260 
261 /**
262  * g_string_equal:
263  * @v: a #GString
264  * @v2: another #GString
265  *
266  * Compares two strings for equality, returning %TRUE if they are equal.
267  * For use with #GHashTable.
268  *
269  * Returns: %TRUE if the strings are the same length and contain the
270  *     same bytes
271  */
272 gboolean
g_string_equal(const GString * v,const GString * v2)273 g_string_equal (const GString *v,
274                 const GString *v2)
275 {
276   gchar *p, *q;
277   GString *string1 = (GString *) v;
278   GString *string2 = (GString *) v2;
279   gsize i = string1->len;
280 
281   if (i != string2->len)
282     return FALSE;
283 
284   p = string1->str;
285   q = string2->str;
286   while (i)
287     {
288       if (*p != *q)
289         return FALSE;
290       p++;
291       q++;
292       i--;
293     }
294   return TRUE;
295 }
296 
297 /**
298  * g_string_hash:
299  * @str: a string to hash
300  *
301  * Creates a hash code for @str; for use with #GHashTable.
302  *
303  * Returns: hash code for @str
304  */
305 guint
g_string_hash(const GString * str)306 g_string_hash (const GString *str)
307 {
308   const gchar *p = str->str;
309   gsize n = str->len;
310   guint h = 0;
311 
312   /* 31 bit hash function */
313   while (n--)
314     {
315       h = (h << 5) - h + *p;
316       p++;
317     }
318 
319   return h;
320 }
321 
322 /**
323  * g_string_assign:
324  * @string: the destination #GString. Its current contents
325  *          are destroyed.
326  * @rval: the string to copy into @string
327  *
328  * Copies the bytes from a string into a #GString,
329  * destroying any previous contents. It is rather like
330  * the standard strcpy() function, except that you do not
331  * have to worry about having enough space to copy the string.
332  *
333  * Returns: (transfer none): @string
334  */
335 GString *
g_string_assign(GString * string,const gchar * rval)336 g_string_assign (GString     *string,
337                  const gchar *rval)
338 {
339   g_return_val_if_fail (string != NULL, NULL);
340   g_return_val_if_fail (rval != NULL, string);
341 
342   /* Make sure assigning to itself doesn't corrupt the string. */
343   if (string->str != rval)
344     {
345       /* Assigning from substring should be ok, since
346        * g_string_truncate() does not reallocate.
347        */
348       g_string_truncate (string, 0);
349       g_string_append (string, rval);
350     }
351 
352   return string;
353 }
354 
355 /**
356  * g_string_truncate:
357  * @string: a #GString
358  * @len: the new size of @string
359  *
360  * Cuts off the end of the GString, leaving the first @len bytes.
361  *
362  * Returns: (transfer none): @string
363  */
364 GString *
g_string_truncate(GString * string,gsize len)365 g_string_truncate (GString *string,
366                    gsize    len)
367 {
368   g_return_val_if_fail (string != NULL, NULL);
369 
370   string->len = MIN (len, string->len);
371   string->str[string->len] = 0;
372 
373   return string;
374 }
375 
376 /**
377  * g_string_set_size:
378  * @string: a #GString
379  * @len: the new length
380  *
381  * Sets the length of a #GString. If the length is less than
382  * the current length, the string will be truncated. If the
383  * length is greater than the current length, the contents
384  * of the newly added area are undefined. (However, as
385  * always, string->str[string->len] will be a nul byte.)
386  *
387  * Returns: (transfer none): @string
388  */
389 GString *
g_string_set_size(GString * string,gsize len)390 g_string_set_size (GString *string,
391                    gsize    len)
392 {
393   g_return_val_if_fail (string != NULL, NULL);
394 
395   if (len >= string->allocated_len)
396     g_string_maybe_expand (string, len - string->len);
397 
398   string->len = len;
399   string->str[len] = 0;
400 
401   return string;
402 }
403 
404 /**
405  * g_string_insert_len:
406  * @string: a #GString
407  * @pos: position in @string where insertion should
408  *       happen, or -1 for at the end
409  * @val: bytes to insert
410  * @len: number of bytes of @val to insert, or -1 for all of @val
411  *
412  * Inserts @len bytes of @val into @string at @pos.
413  *
414  * If @len is positive, @val may contain embedded nuls and need
415  * not be nul-terminated. It is the caller's responsibility to
416  * ensure that @val has at least @len addressable bytes.
417  *
418  * If @len is negative, @val must be nul-terminated and @len
419  * is considered to request the entire string length.
420  *
421  * If @pos is -1, bytes are inserted at the end of the string.
422  *
423  * Returns: (transfer none): @string
424  */
425 GString *
g_string_insert_len(GString * string,gssize pos,const gchar * val,gssize len)426 g_string_insert_len (GString     *string,
427                      gssize       pos,
428                      const gchar *val,
429                      gssize       len)
430 {
431   gsize len_unsigned, pos_unsigned;
432 
433   g_return_val_if_fail (string != NULL, NULL);
434   g_return_val_if_fail (len == 0 || val != NULL, string);
435 
436   if (len == 0)
437     return string;
438 
439   if (len < 0)
440     len = strlen (val);
441   len_unsigned = len;
442 
443   if (pos < 0)
444     pos_unsigned = string->len;
445   else
446     {
447       pos_unsigned = pos;
448       g_return_val_if_fail (pos_unsigned <= string->len, string);
449     }
450 
451   /* Check whether val represents a substring of string.
452    * This test probably violates chapter and verse of the C standards,
453    * since ">=" and "<=" are only valid when val really is a substring.
454    * In practice, it will work on modern archs.
455    */
456   if (G_UNLIKELY (val >= string->str && val <= string->str + string->len))
457     {
458       gsize offset = val - string->str;
459       gsize precount = 0;
460 
461       g_string_maybe_expand (string, len_unsigned);
462       val = string->str + offset;
463       /* At this point, val is valid again.  */
464 
465       /* Open up space where we are going to insert.  */
466       if (pos_unsigned < string->len)
467         memmove (string->str + pos_unsigned + len_unsigned,
468                  string->str + pos_unsigned, string->len - pos_unsigned);
469 
470       /* Move the source part before the gap, if any.  */
471       if (offset < pos_unsigned)
472         {
473           precount = MIN (len_unsigned, pos_unsigned - offset);
474           memcpy (string->str + pos_unsigned, val, precount);
475         }
476 
477       /* Move the source part after the gap, if any.  */
478       if (len_unsigned > precount)
479         memcpy (string->str + pos_unsigned + precount,
480                 val + /* Already moved: */ precount +
481                       /* Space opened up: */ len_unsigned,
482                 len_unsigned - precount);
483     }
484   else
485     {
486       g_string_maybe_expand (string, len_unsigned);
487 
488       /* If we aren't appending at the end, move a hunk
489        * of the old string to the end, opening up space
490        */
491       if (pos_unsigned < string->len)
492         memmove (string->str + pos_unsigned + len_unsigned,
493                  string->str + pos_unsigned, string->len - pos_unsigned);
494 
495       /* insert the new string */
496       if (len_unsigned == 1)
497         string->str[pos_unsigned] = *val;
498       else
499         memcpy (string->str + pos_unsigned, val, len_unsigned);
500     }
501 
502   string->len += len_unsigned;
503 
504   string->str[string->len] = 0;
505 
506   return string;
507 }
508 
509 /**
510  * g_string_append_uri_escaped:
511  * @string: a #GString
512  * @unescaped: a string
513  * @reserved_chars_allowed: a string of reserved characters allowed
514  *     to be used, or %NULL
515  * @allow_utf8: set %TRUE if the escaped string may include UTF8 characters
516  *
517  * Appends @unescaped to @string, escaping any characters that
518  * are reserved in URIs using URI-style escape sequences.
519  *
520  * Returns: (transfer none): @string
521  *
522  * Since: 2.16
523  */
524 GString *
g_string_append_uri_escaped(GString * string,const gchar * unescaped,const gchar * reserved_chars_allowed,gboolean allow_utf8)525 g_string_append_uri_escaped (GString     *string,
526                              const gchar *unescaped,
527                              const gchar *reserved_chars_allowed,
528                              gboolean     allow_utf8)
529 {
530   _uri_encoder (string, (const guchar *) unescaped, strlen (unescaped),
531                 reserved_chars_allowed, allow_utf8);
532   return string;
533 }
534 
535 /**
536  * g_string_append:
537  * @string: a #GString
538  * @val: the string to append onto the end of @string
539  *
540  * Adds a string onto the end of a #GString, expanding
541  * it if necessary.
542  *
543  * Returns: (transfer none): @string
544  */
545 GString *
g_string_append(GString * string,const gchar * val)546 g_string_append (GString     *string,
547                  const gchar *val)
548 {
549   return g_string_insert_len (string, -1, val, -1);
550 }
551 
552 /**
553  * g_string_append_len:
554  * @string: a #GString
555  * @val: bytes to append
556  * @len: number of bytes of @val to use, or -1 for all of @val
557  *
558  * Appends @len bytes of @val to @string.
559  *
560  * If @len is positive, @val may contain embedded nuls and need
561  * not be nul-terminated. It is the caller's responsibility to
562  * ensure that @val has at least @len addressable bytes.
563  *
564  * If @len is negative, @val must be nul-terminated and @len
565  * is considered to request the entire string length. This
566  * makes g_string_append_len() equivalent to g_string_append().
567  *
568  * Returns: (transfer none): @string
569  */
570 GString *
g_string_append_len(GString * string,const gchar * val,gssize len)571 g_string_append_len (GString     *string,
572                      const gchar *val,
573                      gssize       len)
574 {
575   return g_string_insert_len (string, -1, val, len);
576 }
577 
578 /**
579  * g_string_append_c:
580  * @string: a #GString
581  * @c: the byte to append onto the end of @string
582  *
583  * Adds a byte onto the end of a #GString, expanding
584  * it if necessary.
585  *
586  * Returns: (transfer none): @string
587  */
588 #undef g_string_append_c
589 GString *
g_string_append_c(GString * string,gchar c)590 g_string_append_c (GString *string,
591                    gchar    c)
592 {
593   g_return_val_if_fail (string != NULL, NULL);
594 
595   return g_string_insert_c (string, -1, c);
596 }
597 
598 /**
599  * g_string_append_unichar:
600  * @string: a #GString
601  * @wc: a Unicode character
602  *
603  * Converts a Unicode character into UTF-8, and appends it
604  * to the string.
605  *
606  * Returns: (transfer none): @string
607  */
608 GString *
g_string_append_unichar(GString * string,gunichar wc)609 g_string_append_unichar (GString  *string,
610                          gunichar  wc)
611 {
612   g_return_val_if_fail (string != NULL, NULL);
613 
614   return g_string_insert_unichar (string, -1, wc);
615 }
616 
617 /**
618  * g_string_prepend:
619  * @string: a #GString
620  * @val: the string to prepend on the start of @string
621  *
622  * Adds a string on to the start of a #GString,
623  * expanding it if necessary.
624  *
625  * Returns: (transfer none): @string
626  */
627 GString *
g_string_prepend(GString * string,const gchar * val)628 g_string_prepend (GString     *string,
629                   const gchar *val)
630 {
631   return g_string_insert_len (string, 0, val, -1);
632 }
633 
634 /**
635  * g_string_prepend_len:
636  * @string: a #GString
637  * @val: bytes to prepend
638  * @len: number of bytes in @val to prepend, or -1 for all of @val
639  *
640  * Prepends @len bytes of @val to @string.
641  *
642  * If @len is positive, @val may contain embedded nuls and need
643  * not be nul-terminated. It is the caller's responsibility to
644  * ensure that @val has at least @len addressable bytes.
645  *
646  * If @len is negative, @val must be nul-terminated and @len
647  * is considered to request the entire string length. This
648  * makes g_string_prepend_len() equivalent to g_string_prepend().
649  *
650  * Returns: (transfer none): @string
651  */
652 GString *
g_string_prepend_len(GString * string,const gchar * val,gssize len)653 g_string_prepend_len (GString     *string,
654                       const gchar *val,
655                       gssize       len)
656 {
657   return g_string_insert_len (string, 0, val, len);
658 }
659 
660 /**
661  * g_string_prepend_c:
662  * @string: a #GString
663  * @c: the byte to prepend on the start of the #GString
664  *
665  * Adds a byte onto the start of a #GString,
666  * expanding it if necessary.
667  *
668  * Returns: (transfer none): @string
669  */
670 GString *
g_string_prepend_c(GString * string,gchar c)671 g_string_prepend_c (GString *string,
672                     gchar    c)
673 {
674   g_return_val_if_fail (string != NULL, NULL);
675 
676   return g_string_insert_c (string, 0, c);
677 }
678 
679 /**
680  * g_string_prepend_unichar:
681  * @string: a #GString
682  * @wc: a Unicode character
683  *
684  * Converts a Unicode character into UTF-8, and prepends it
685  * to the string.
686  *
687  * Returns: (transfer none): @string
688  */
689 GString *
g_string_prepend_unichar(GString * string,gunichar wc)690 g_string_prepend_unichar (GString  *string,
691                           gunichar  wc)
692 {
693   g_return_val_if_fail (string != NULL, NULL);
694 
695   return g_string_insert_unichar (string, 0, wc);
696 }
697 
698 /**
699  * g_string_insert:
700  * @string: a #GString
701  * @pos: the position to insert the copy of the string
702  * @val: the string to insert
703  *
704  * Inserts a copy of a string into a #GString,
705  * expanding it if necessary.
706  *
707  * Returns: (transfer none): @string
708  */
709 GString *
g_string_insert(GString * string,gssize pos,const gchar * val)710 g_string_insert (GString     *string,
711                  gssize       pos,
712                  const gchar *val)
713 {
714   return g_string_insert_len (string, pos, val, -1);
715 }
716 
717 /**
718  * g_string_insert_c:
719  * @string: a #GString
720  * @pos: the position to insert the byte
721  * @c: the byte to insert
722  *
723  * Inserts a byte into a #GString, expanding it if necessary.
724  *
725  * Returns: (transfer none): @string
726  */
727 GString *
g_string_insert_c(GString * string,gssize pos,gchar c)728 g_string_insert_c (GString *string,
729                    gssize   pos,
730                    gchar    c)
731 {
732   gsize pos_unsigned;
733 
734   g_return_val_if_fail (string != NULL, NULL);
735 
736   g_string_maybe_expand (string, 1);
737 
738   if (pos < 0)
739     pos = string->len;
740   else
741     g_return_val_if_fail ((gsize) pos <= string->len, string);
742   pos_unsigned = pos;
743 
744   /* If not just an append, move the old stuff */
745   if (pos_unsigned < string->len)
746     memmove (string->str + pos_unsigned + 1,
747              string->str + pos_unsigned, string->len - pos_unsigned);
748 
749   string->str[pos_unsigned] = c;
750 
751   string->len += 1;
752 
753   string->str[string->len] = 0;
754 
755   return string;
756 }
757 
758 /**
759  * g_string_insert_unichar:
760  * @string: a #GString
761  * @pos: the position at which to insert character, or -1
762  *     to append at the end of the string
763  * @wc: a Unicode character
764  *
765  * Converts a Unicode character into UTF-8, and insert it
766  * into the string at the given position.
767  *
768  * Returns: (transfer none): @string
769  */
770 GString *
g_string_insert_unichar(GString * string,gssize pos,gunichar wc)771 g_string_insert_unichar (GString  *string,
772                          gssize    pos,
773                          gunichar  wc)
774 {
775   gint charlen, first, i;
776   gchar *dest;
777 
778   g_return_val_if_fail (string != NULL, NULL);
779 
780   /* Code copied from g_unichar_to_utf() */
781   if (wc < 0x80)
782     {
783       first = 0;
784       charlen = 1;
785     }
786   else if (wc < 0x800)
787     {
788       first = 0xc0;
789       charlen = 2;
790     }
791   else if (wc < 0x10000)
792     {
793       first = 0xe0;
794       charlen = 3;
795     }
796    else if (wc < 0x200000)
797     {
798       first = 0xf0;
799       charlen = 4;
800     }
801   else if (wc < 0x4000000)
802     {
803       first = 0xf8;
804       charlen = 5;
805     }
806   else
807     {
808       first = 0xfc;
809       charlen = 6;
810     }
811   /* End of copied code */
812 
813   g_string_maybe_expand (string, charlen);
814 
815   if (pos < 0)
816     pos = string->len;
817   else
818     g_return_val_if_fail ((gsize) pos <= string->len, string);
819 
820   /* If not just an append, move the old stuff */
821   if ((gsize) pos < string->len)
822     memmove (string->str + pos + charlen, string->str + pos, string->len - pos);
823 
824   dest = string->str + pos;
825   /* Code copied from g_unichar_to_utf() */
826   for (i = charlen - 1; i > 0; --i)
827     {
828       dest[i] = (wc & 0x3f) | 0x80;
829       wc >>= 6;
830     }
831   dest[0] = wc | first;
832   /* End of copied code */
833 
834   string->len += charlen;
835 
836   string->str[string->len] = 0;
837 
838   return string;
839 }
840 
841 /**
842  * g_string_overwrite:
843  * @string: a #GString
844  * @pos: the position at which to start overwriting
845  * @val: the string that will overwrite the @string starting at @pos
846  *
847  * Overwrites part of a string, lengthening it if necessary.
848  *
849  * Returns: (transfer none): @string
850  *
851  * Since: 2.14
852  */
853 GString *
g_string_overwrite(GString * string,gsize pos,const gchar * val)854 g_string_overwrite (GString     *string,
855                     gsize        pos,
856                     const gchar *val)
857 {
858   g_return_val_if_fail (val != NULL, string);
859   return g_string_overwrite_len (string, pos, val, strlen (val));
860 }
861 
862 /**
863  * g_string_overwrite_len:
864  * @string: a #GString
865  * @pos: the position at which to start overwriting
866  * @val: the string that will overwrite the @string starting at @pos
867  * @len: the number of bytes to write from @val
868  *
869  * Overwrites part of a string, lengthening it if necessary.
870  * This function will work with embedded nuls.
871  *
872  * Returns: (transfer none): @string
873  *
874  * Since: 2.14
875  */
876 GString *
g_string_overwrite_len(GString * string,gsize pos,const gchar * val,gssize len)877 g_string_overwrite_len (GString     *string,
878                         gsize        pos,
879                         const gchar *val,
880                         gssize       len)
881 {
882   gsize end;
883 
884   g_return_val_if_fail (string != NULL, NULL);
885 
886   if (!len)
887     return string;
888 
889   g_return_val_if_fail (val != NULL, string);
890   g_return_val_if_fail (pos <= string->len, string);
891 
892   if (len < 0)
893     len = strlen (val);
894 
895   end = pos + len;
896 
897   if (end > string->len)
898     g_string_maybe_expand (string, end - string->len);
899 
900   memcpy (string->str + pos, val, len);
901 
902   if (end > string->len)
903     {
904       string->str[end] = '\0';
905       string->len = end;
906     }
907 
908   return string;
909 }
910 
911 /**
912  * g_string_erase:
913  * @string: a #GString
914  * @pos: the position of the content to remove
915  * @len: the number of bytes to remove, or -1 to remove all
916  *       following bytes
917  *
918  * Removes @len bytes from a #GString, starting at position @pos.
919  * The rest of the #GString is shifted down to fill the gap.
920  *
921  * Returns: (transfer none): @string
922  */
923 GString *
g_string_erase(GString * string,gssize pos,gssize len)924 g_string_erase (GString *string,
925                 gssize   pos,
926                 gssize   len)
927 {
928   gsize len_unsigned, pos_unsigned;
929 
930   g_return_val_if_fail (string != NULL, NULL);
931   g_return_val_if_fail (pos >= 0, string);
932   pos_unsigned = pos;
933 
934   g_return_val_if_fail (pos_unsigned <= string->len, string);
935 
936   if (len < 0)
937     len_unsigned = string->len - pos_unsigned;
938   else
939     {
940       len_unsigned = len;
941       g_return_val_if_fail (pos_unsigned + len_unsigned <= string->len, string);
942 
943       if (pos_unsigned + len_unsigned < string->len)
944         memmove (string->str + pos_unsigned,
945                  string->str + pos_unsigned + len_unsigned,
946                  string->len - (pos_unsigned + len_unsigned));
947     }
948 
949   string->len -= len_unsigned;
950 
951   string->str[string->len] = 0;
952 
953   return string;
954 }
955 
956 /**
957  * g_string_replace:
958  * @string: a #GString
959  * @find: the string to find in @string
960  * @replace: the string to insert in place of @find
961  * @limit: the maximum instances of @find to replace with @replace, or `0` for
962  * no limit
963  *
964  * Replaces the string @find with the string @replace in a #GString up to
965  * @limit times. If the number of instances of @find in the #GString is
966  * less than @limit, all instances are replaced. If the number of
967  * instances is `0`, all instances of @find are replaced.
968  *
969  * Returns: the number of find and replace operations performed.
970  *
971  * Since: 2.68
972  */
973 guint
g_string_replace(GString * string,const gchar * find,const gchar * replace,guint limit)974 g_string_replace (GString     *string,
975                   const gchar *find,
976                   const gchar *replace,
977                   guint        limit)
978 {
979   gsize f_len, r_len, pos;
980   gchar *cur, *next;
981   gint n = 0;
982 
983   g_return_val_if_fail (string != NULL, 0);
984   g_return_val_if_fail (find != NULL, 0);
985   g_return_val_if_fail (replace != NULL, 0);
986 
987   f_len = strlen (find);
988   r_len = strlen (replace);
989   cur = string->str;
990 
991   while ((next = strstr (cur, find)) != NULL)
992     {
993       pos = next - string->str;
994       g_string_erase (string, pos, f_len);
995       g_string_insert (string, pos, replace);
996       cur = string->str + pos + r_len;
997       n++;
998       if (n == limit)
999         break;
1000     }
1001 
1002   return n;
1003 }
1004 
1005 /**
1006  * g_string_ascii_down:
1007  * @string: a GString
1008  *
1009  * Converts all uppercase ASCII letters to lowercase ASCII letters.
1010  *
1011  * Returns: (transfer none): passed-in @string pointer, with all the
1012  *     uppercase characters converted to lowercase in place,
1013  *     with semantics that exactly match g_ascii_tolower().
1014  */
1015 GString *
g_string_ascii_down(GString * string)1016 g_string_ascii_down (GString *string)
1017 {
1018   gchar *s;
1019   gint n;
1020 
1021   g_return_val_if_fail (string != NULL, NULL);
1022 
1023   n = string->len;
1024   s = string->str;
1025 
1026   while (n)
1027     {
1028       *s = g_ascii_tolower (*s);
1029       s++;
1030       n--;
1031     }
1032 
1033   return string;
1034 }
1035 
1036 /**
1037  * g_string_ascii_up:
1038  * @string: a GString
1039  *
1040  * Converts all lowercase ASCII letters to uppercase ASCII letters.
1041  *
1042  * Returns: (transfer none): passed-in @string pointer, with all the
1043  *     lowercase characters converted to uppercase in place,
1044  *     with semantics that exactly match g_ascii_toupper().
1045  */
1046 GString *
g_string_ascii_up(GString * string)1047 g_string_ascii_up (GString *string)
1048 {
1049   gchar *s;
1050   gint n;
1051 
1052   g_return_val_if_fail (string != NULL, NULL);
1053 
1054   n = string->len;
1055   s = string->str;
1056 
1057   while (n)
1058     {
1059       *s = g_ascii_toupper (*s);
1060       s++;
1061       n--;
1062     }
1063 
1064   return string;
1065 }
1066 
1067 /**
1068  * g_string_down:
1069  * @string: a #GString
1070  *
1071  * Converts a #GString to lowercase.
1072  *
1073  * Returns: (transfer none): the #GString
1074  *
1075  * Deprecated:2.2: This function uses the locale-specific
1076  *     tolower() function, which is almost never the right thing.
1077  *     Use g_string_ascii_down() or g_utf8_strdown() instead.
1078  */
1079 GString *
g_string_down(GString * string)1080 g_string_down (GString *string)
1081 {
1082   guchar *s;
1083   glong n;
1084 
1085   g_return_val_if_fail (string != NULL, NULL);
1086 
1087   n = string->len;
1088   s = (guchar *) string->str;
1089 
1090   while (n)
1091     {
1092       if (isupper (*s))
1093         *s = tolower (*s);
1094       s++;
1095       n--;
1096     }
1097 
1098   return string;
1099 }
1100 
1101 /**
1102  * g_string_up:
1103  * @string: a #GString
1104  *
1105  * Converts a #GString to uppercase.
1106  *
1107  * Returns: (transfer none): @string
1108  *
1109  * Deprecated:2.2: This function uses the locale-specific
1110  *     toupper() function, which is almost never the right thing.
1111  *     Use g_string_ascii_up() or g_utf8_strup() instead.
1112  */
1113 GString *
g_string_up(GString * string)1114 g_string_up (GString *string)
1115 {
1116   guchar *s;
1117   glong n;
1118 
1119   g_return_val_if_fail (string != NULL, NULL);
1120 
1121   n = string->len;
1122   s = (guchar *) string->str;
1123 
1124   while (n)
1125     {
1126       if (islower (*s))
1127         *s = toupper (*s);
1128       s++;
1129       n--;
1130     }
1131 
1132   return string;
1133 }
1134 
1135 /**
1136  * g_string_append_vprintf:
1137  * @string: a #GString
1138  * @format: (not nullable): the string format. See the printf() documentation
1139  * @args: the list of arguments to insert in the output
1140  *
1141  * Appends a formatted string onto the end of a #GString.
1142  * This function is similar to g_string_append_printf()
1143  * except that the arguments to the format string are passed
1144  * as a va_list.
1145  *
1146  * Since: 2.14
1147  */
1148 void
g_string_append_vprintf(GString * string,const gchar * format,va_list args)1149 g_string_append_vprintf (GString     *string,
1150                          const gchar *format,
1151                          va_list      args)
1152 {
1153   gchar *buf;
1154   gint len;
1155 
1156   g_return_if_fail (string != NULL);
1157   g_return_if_fail (format != NULL);
1158 
1159   len = g_vasprintf (&buf, format, args);
1160 
1161   if (len >= 0)
1162     {
1163       g_string_maybe_expand (string, len);
1164       memcpy (string->str + string->len, buf, len + 1);
1165       string->len += len;
1166       g_free (buf);
1167     }
1168 }
1169 
1170 /**
1171  * g_string_vprintf:
1172  * @string: a #GString
1173  * @format: (not nullable): the string format. See the printf() documentation
1174  * @args: the parameters to insert into the format string
1175  *
1176  * Writes a formatted string into a #GString.
1177  * This function is similar to g_string_printf() except that
1178  * the arguments to the format string are passed as a va_list.
1179  *
1180  * Since: 2.14
1181  */
1182 void
g_string_vprintf(GString * string,const gchar * format,va_list args)1183 g_string_vprintf (GString     *string,
1184                   const gchar *format,
1185                   va_list      args)
1186 {
1187   g_string_truncate (string, 0);
1188   g_string_append_vprintf (string, format, args);
1189 }
1190 
1191 /**
1192  * g_string_sprintf:
1193  * @string: a #GString
1194  * @format: the string format. See the sprintf() documentation
1195  * @...: the parameters to insert into the format string
1196  *
1197  * Writes a formatted string into a #GString.
1198  * This is similar to the standard sprintf() function,
1199  * except that the #GString buffer automatically expands
1200  * to contain the results. The previous contents of the
1201  * #GString are destroyed.
1202  *
1203  * Deprecated: This function has been renamed to g_string_printf().
1204  */
1205 
1206 /**
1207  * g_string_printf:
1208  * @string: a #GString
1209  * @format: the string format. See the printf() documentation
1210  * @...: the parameters to insert into the format string
1211  *
1212  * Writes a formatted string into a #GString.
1213  * This is similar to the standard sprintf() function,
1214  * except that the #GString buffer automatically expands
1215  * to contain the results. The previous contents of the
1216  * #GString are destroyed.
1217  */
1218 void
g_string_printf(GString * string,const gchar * format,...)1219 g_string_printf (GString     *string,
1220                  const gchar *format,
1221                  ...)
1222 {
1223   va_list args;
1224 
1225   g_string_truncate (string, 0);
1226 
1227   va_start (args, format);
1228   g_string_append_vprintf (string, format, args);
1229   va_end (args);
1230 }
1231 
1232 /**
1233  * g_string_sprintfa:
1234  * @string: a #GString
1235  * @format: the string format. See the sprintf() documentation
1236  * @...: the parameters to insert into the format string
1237  *
1238  * Appends a formatted string onto the end of a #GString.
1239  * This function is similar to g_string_sprintf() except that
1240  * the text is appended to the #GString.
1241  *
1242  * Deprecated: This function has been renamed to g_string_append_printf()
1243  */
1244 
1245 /**
1246  * g_string_append_printf:
1247  * @string: a #GString
1248  * @format: the string format. See the printf() documentation
1249  * @...: the parameters to insert into the format string
1250  *
1251  * Appends a formatted string onto the end of a #GString.
1252  * This function is similar to g_string_printf() except
1253  * that the text is appended to the #GString.
1254  */
1255 void
g_string_append_printf(GString * string,const gchar * format,...)1256 g_string_append_printf (GString     *string,
1257                         const gchar *format,
1258                         ...)
1259 {
1260   va_list args;
1261 
1262   va_start (args, format);
1263   g_string_append_vprintf (string, format, args);
1264   va_end (args);
1265 }
1266