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29<h4>
30<a name="math_toolkit.oct_mem_fun.h0"></a>
31      <span class="phrase"><a name="math_toolkit.oct_mem_fun.constructors"></a></span><a class="link" href="oct_mem_fun.html#math_toolkit.oct_mem_fun.constructors">Constructors</a>
32    </h4>
33<p>
34      Template version:
35    </p>
36<pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">explicit</span>  <span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">T</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">requested_a</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">(),</span> <span class="identifier">T</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">requested_b</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">(),</span> <span class="identifier">T</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">requested_c</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">(),</span> <span class="identifier">T</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">requested_d</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">(),</span> <span class="identifier">T</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">requested_e</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">(),</span> <span class="identifier">T</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">requested_f</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">(),</span> <span class="identifier">T</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">requested_g</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">(),</span> <span class="identifier">T</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">requested_h</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">());</span>
37<span class="keyword">explicit</span>  <span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">(::</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">complex</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">z0</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">complex</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">z1</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">complex</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;(),</span> <span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">complex</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">z2</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">complex</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;(),</span> <span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">complex</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">z3</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">complex</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;());</span>
38<span class="keyword">explicit</span>  <span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">(::</span><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">math</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">quaternion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">q0</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">math</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">quaternion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">q1</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">math</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">quaternion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;());</span>
39<span class="keyword">template</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">X</span><span class="special">&gt;</span>
40<span class="keyword">explicit</span> <span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">X</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">a_recopier</span><span class="special">);</span>
41</pre>
42<p>
43      Float specialization version:
44    </p>
45<pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">explicit</span>  <span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">float</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">requested_a</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="number">0.0f</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">float</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">requested_b</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="number">0.0f</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">float</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">requested_c</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="number">0.0f</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">float</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">requested_d</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="number">0.0f</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">float</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">requested_e</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="number">0.0f</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">float</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">requested_f</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="number">0.0f</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">float</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">requested_g</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="number">0.0f</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">float</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">requested_h</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="number">0.0f</span><span class="special">);</span>
46<span class="keyword">explicit</span>  <span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">(::</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">complex</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">float</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">z0</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">complex</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">float</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">z1</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">complex</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">float</span><span class="special">&gt;(),</span> <span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">complex</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">float</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">z2</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">complex</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">float</span><span class="special">&gt;(),</span> <span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">complex</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">float</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">z3</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">complex</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">float</span><span class="special">&gt;());</span>
47<span class="keyword">explicit</span>  <span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">(::</span><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">math</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">quaternion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">float</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">q0</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">math</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">quaternion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">float</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">q1</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">math</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">quaternion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">float</span><span class="special">&gt;());</span>
48<span class="keyword">explicit</span>  <span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">a_recopier</span><span class="special">);</span>
49<span class="keyword">explicit</span>  <span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">long</span> <span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">a_recopier</span><span class="special">);</span>
50</pre>
51<p>
52      Double specialization version:
53    </p>
54<pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">explicit</span>  <span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">double</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">requested_a</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="number">0.0</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">double</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">requested_b</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="number">0.0</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">double</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">requested_c</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="number">0.0</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">double</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">requested_d</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="number">0.0</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">double</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">requested_e</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="number">0.0</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">double</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">requested_f</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="number">0.0</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">double</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">requested_g</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="number">0.0</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">double</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">requested_h</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="number">0.0</span><span class="special">);</span>
55<span class="keyword">explicit</span>  <span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">(::</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">complex</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">z0</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">complex</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">z1</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">complex</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">&gt;(),</span> <span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">complex</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">z2</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">complex</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">&gt;(),</span> <span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">complex</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">z3</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">complex</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">&gt;());</span>
56<span class="keyword">explicit</span>  <span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">(::</span><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">math</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">quaternion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">q0</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">math</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">quaternion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">q1</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">math</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">quaternion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">&gt;());</span>
57<span class="keyword">explicit</span>  <span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">float</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">a_recopier</span><span class="special">);</span>
58<span class="keyword">explicit</span>  <span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">long</span> <span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">a_recopier</span><span class="special">);</span>
59</pre>
60<p>
61      Long double specialization version:
62    </p>
63<pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">explicit</span>  <span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">long</span> <span class="keyword">double</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">requested_a</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="number">0.0L</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">long</span> <span class="keyword">double</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">requested_b</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="number">0.0L</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">long</span> <span class="keyword">double</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">requested_c</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="number">0.0L</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">long</span> <span class="keyword">double</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">requested_d</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="number">0.0L</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">long</span> <span class="keyword">double</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">requested_e</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="number">0.0L</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">long</span> <span class="keyword">double</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">requested_f</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="number">0.0L</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">long</span> <span class="keyword">double</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">requested_g</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="number">0.0L</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">long</span> <span class="keyword">double</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">requested_h</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="number">0.0L</span><span class="special">);</span>
64<span class="keyword">explicit</span>  <span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">(</span> <span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">complex</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">long</span> <span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">z0</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">complex</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">long</span> <span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">z1</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">complex</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">long</span> <span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">&gt;(),</span> <span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">complex</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">long</span> <span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">z2</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">complex</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">long</span> <span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">&gt;(),</span> <span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">complex</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">long</span> <span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">z3</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">complex</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">long</span> <span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">&gt;());</span>
65<span class="keyword">explicit</span>  <span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">(::</span><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">math</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">quaternion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">long</span> <span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">q0</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">math</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">quaternion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">long</span> <span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">q1</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">math</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">quaternion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">long</span> <span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">&gt;());</span>
66<span class="keyword">explicit</span>  <span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">float</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">a_recopier</span><span class="special">);</span>
67<span class="keyword">explicit</span>  <span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">a_recopier</span><span class="special">);</span>
68</pre>
69<p>
70      A default constructor is provided for each form, which initializes each component
71      to the default values for their type (i.e. zero for floating numbers). This
72      constructor can also accept one to eight base type arguments. A constructor
73      is also provided to build octonions from one to four complex numbers sharing
74      the same base type, and another taking one or two quaternions sharing the same
75      base type. The unspecialized template also sports a templarized copy constructor,
76      while the specialized forms have copy constructors from the other two specializations,
77      which are explicit when a risk of precision loss exists. For the unspecialized
78      form, the base type's constructors must not throw.
79    </p>
80<p>
81      Destructors and untemplated copy constructors (from the same type) are provided
82      by the compiler. Converting copy constructors make use of a templated helper
83      function in a "detail" subnamespace.
84    </p>
85<h4>
86<a name="math_toolkit.oct_mem_fun.h1"></a>
87      <span class="phrase"><a name="math_toolkit.oct_mem_fun.other_member_functions"></a></span><a class="link" href="oct_mem_fun.html#math_toolkit.oct_mem_fun.other_member_functions">Other
88      member functions</a>
89    </h4>
90<h5>
91<a name="math_toolkit.oct_mem_fun.h2"></a>
92      <span class="phrase"><a name="math_toolkit.oct_mem_fun.real_and_unreal_parts"></a></span><a class="link" href="oct_mem_fun.html#math_toolkit.oct_mem_fun.real_and_unreal_parts">Real
93      and Unreal Parts</a>
94    </h5>
95<pre class="programlisting"><span class="identifier">T</span>            <span class="identifier">real</span><span class="special">()</span>   <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">;</span>
96<span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;</span>  <span class="identifier">unreal</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">;</span>
97</pre>
98<p>
99      Like complex number, octonions do have a meaningful notion of "real part",
100      but unlike them there is no meaningful notion of "imaginary part".
101      Instead there is an "unreal part" which itself is a octonion, and
102      usually nothing simpler (as opposed to the complex number case). These are
103      returned by the first two functions.
104    </p>
105<h5>
106<a name="math_toolkit.oct_mem_fun.h3"></a>
107      <span class="phrase"><a name="math_toolkit.oct_mem_fun.individual_real_components"></a></span><a class="link" href="oct_mem_fun.html#math_toolkit.oct_mem_fun.individual_real_components">Individual
108      Real Components</a>
109    </h5>
110<pre class="programlisting"><span class="identifier">T</span>   <span class="identifier">R_component_1</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">;</span>
111<span class="identifier">T</span>   <span class="identifier">R_component_2</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">;</span>
112<span class="identifier">T</span>   <span class="identifier">R_component_3</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">;</span>
113<span class="identifier">T</span>   <span class="identifier">R_component_4</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">;</span>
114<span class="identifier">T</span>   <span class="identifier">R_component_5</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">;</span>
115<span class="identifier">T</span>   <span class="identifier">R_component_6</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">;</span>
116<span class="identifier">T</span>   <span class="identifier">R_component_7</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">;</span>
117<span class="identifier">T</span>   <span class="identifier">R_component_8</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">;</span>
118</pre>
119<p>
120      A octonion having eight real components, these are returned by these eight
121      functions. Hence real and R_component_1 return the same value.
122    </p>
123<h5>
124<a name="math_toolkit.oct_mem_fun.h4"></a>
125      <span class="phrase"><a name="math_toolkit.oct_mem_fun.individual_complex_components"></a></span><a class="link" href="oct_mem_fun.html#math_toolkit.oct_mem_fun.individual_complex_components">Individual
126      Complex Components</a>
127    </h5>
128<pre class="programlisting"><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">complex</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="identifier">C_component_1</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">;</span>
129<span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">complex</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="identifier">C_component_2</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">;</span>
130<span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">complex</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="identifier">C_component_3</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">;</span>
131<span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">complex</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="identifier">C_component_4</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">;</span>
132</pre>
133<p>
134      A octonion likewise has four complex components. Actually, octonions are indeed
135      a (left) vector field over the complexes, but beware, as for any octonion
136      <span class="emphasis"><em><code class="literal">o = α + βi + γj + δk + εe' + ζi' + ηj' + θk'</code></em></span> we also have <span class="emphasis"><em><code class="literal">o
137      = (α + βi) + (γ + δi)j + (ε + ζi)e' + (η - θi)j'</code></em></span> (note the <span class="bold"><strong>minus</strong></span> sign
138      in the last factor). What the C_component_n functions return, however, are
139      the complexes which could be used to build the octonion using the constructor,
140      and <span class="bold"><strong>not</strong></span> the components of the octonion on
141      the basis <span class="emphasis"><em><code class="literal">(1, j, e', j')</code></em></span>.
142    </p>
143<h5>
144<a name="math_toolkit.oct_mem_fun.h5"></a>
145      <span class="phrase"><a name="math_toolkit.oct_mem_fun.individual_quaternion_components"></a></span><a class="link" href="oct_mem_fun.html#math_toolkit.oct_mem_fun.individual_quaternion_components">Individual
146      Quaternion Components</a>
147    </h5>
148<pre class="programlisting"><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">math</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">quaternion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="identifier">H_component_1</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">;</span>
149<span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">math</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">quaternion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="identifier">H_component_2</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">;</span>
150</pre>
151<p>
152      Likewise, for any octonion <span class="emphasis"><em><code class="literal">o = α + βi + γj + δk + εe' + ζi' + ηj' + θk'</code></em></span> we
153      also have <span class="emphasis"><em><code class="literal">o = (α + βi + γj + δk) + (ε + ζi + ηj - θj)e'</code></em></span>, though there is no
154      meaningful vector-space-like structure based on the quaternions. What the H_component_n
155      functions return are the quaternions which could be used to build the octonion
156      using the constructor.
157    </p>
158<h4>
159<a name="math_toolkit.oct_mem_fun.h6"></a>
160      <span class="phrase"><a name="math_toolkit.oct_mem_fun.octonion_member_operators"></a></span><a class="link" href="oct_mem_fun.html#math_toolkit.oct_mem_fun.octonion_member_operators">Octonion
161      Member Operators</a>
162    </h4>
163<h5>
164<a name="math_toolkit.oct_mem_fun.h7"></a>
165      <span class="phrase"><a name="math_toolkit.oct_mem_fun.assignment_operators"></a></span><a class="link" href="oct_mem_fun.html#math_toolkit.oct_mem_fun.assignment_operators">Assignment
166      Operators</a>
167    </h5>
168<pre class="programlisting"><span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">a_affecter</span><span class="special">);</span>
169<span class="keyword">template</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">X</span><span class="special">&gt;</span>
170<span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">X</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">a_affecter</span><span class="special">);</span>
171<span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">T</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">a_affecter</span><span class="special">);</span>
172<span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="special">(::</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">complex</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">a_affecter</span><span class="special">);</span>
173<span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="special">(::</span><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">math</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">quaternion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">a_affecter</span><span class="special">);</span>
174</pre>
175<p>
176      These perform the expected assignment, with type modification if necessary
177      (for instance, assigning from a base type will set the real part to that value,
178      and all other components to zero). For the unspecialized form, the base type's
179      assignment operators must not throw.
180    </p>
181<h5>
182<a name="math_toolkit.oct_mem_fun.h8"></a>
183      <span class="phrase"><a name="math_toolkit.oct_mem_fun.other_member_operators"></a></span><a class="link" href="oct_mem_fun.html#math_toolkit.oct_mem_fun.other_member_operators">Other
184      Member Operators</a>
185    </h5>
186<pre class="programlisting"><span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">+=</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">T</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">rhs</span><span class="special">)</span>
187<span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">+=</span> <span class="special">(::</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">complex</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">rhs</span><span class="special">);</span>
188<span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">+=</span> <span class="special">(::</span><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">math</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">quaternion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">rhs</span><span class="special">);</span>
189<span class="keyword">template</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">X</span><span class="special">&gt;</span>
190<span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">+=</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">X</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">rhs</span><span class="special">);</span>
191</pre>
192<p>
193      These perform the mathematical operation <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">(*</span><span class="keyword">this</span><span class="special">)+</span><span class="identifier">rhs</span></code>
194      and store the result in <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">*</span><span class="keyword">this</span></code>.
195      The unspecialized form has exception guards, which the specialized forms do
196      not, so as to insure exception safety. For the unspecialized form, the base
197      type's assignment operators must not throw.
198    </p>
199<pre class="programlisting"><span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">-=</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">T</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">rhs</span><span class="special">)</span>
200<span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">-=</span> <span class="special">(::</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">complex</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">rhs</span><span class="special">);</span>
201<span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">-=</span> <span class="special">(::</span><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">math</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">quaternion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">rhs</span><span class="special">);</span>
202<span class="keyword">template</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">X</span><span class="special">&gt;</span>
203<span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">-=</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">X</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">rhs</span><span class="special">);</span>
204</pre>
205<p>
206      These perform the mathematical operation <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">(*</span><span class="keyword">this</span><span class="special">)-</span><span class="identifier">rhs</span></code>
207      and store the result in <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">*</span><span class="keyword">this</span></code>.
208      The unspecialized form has exception guards, which the specialized forms do
209      not, so as to insure exception safety. For the unspecialized form, the base
210      type's assignment operators must not throw.
211    </p>
212<pre class="programlisting"><span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">*=</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">T</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">rhs</span><span class="special">)</span>
213<span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">*=</span> <span class="special">(::</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">complex</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">rhs</span><span class="special">);</span>
214<span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">*=</span> <span class="special">(::</span><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">math</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">quaternion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">rhs</span><span class="special">);</span>
215<span class="keyword">template</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">X</span><span class="special">&gt;</span>
216<span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">*=</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">X</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">rhs</span><span class="special">);</span>
217</pre>
218<p>
219      These perform the mathematical operation <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">(*</span><span class="keyword">this</span><span class="special">)*</span><span class="identifier">rhs</span></code>
220      in this order (order is important as multiplication is not commutative for
221      octonions) and store the result in <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">*</span><span class="keyword">this</span></code>. The unspecialized form has exception guards,
222      which the specialized forms do not, so as to insure exception safety. For the
223      unspecialized form, the base type's assignment operators must not throw. Also,
224      for clarity's sake, you should always group the factors in a multiplication
225      by groups of two, as the multiplication is not even associative on the octonions
226      (though there are of course cases where this does not matter, it usually does).
227    </p>
228<pre class="programlisting"><span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">/=</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">T</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">rhs</span><span class="special">)</span>
229<span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">/=</span> <span class="special">(::</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">complex</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">rhs</span><span class="special">);</span>
230<span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">/=</span> <span class="special">(::</span><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">math</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">quaternion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">rhs</span><span class="special">);</span>
231<span class="keyword">template</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">X</span><span class="special">&gt;</span>
232<span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">/=</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">octonion</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">X</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">rhs</span><span class="special">);</span>
233</pre>
234<p>
235      These perform the mathematical operation <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">(*</span><span class="keyword">this</span><span class="special">)*</span><span class="identifier">inverse_of</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">rhs</span><span class="special">)</span></code>
236      in this order (order is important as multiplication is not commutative for
237      octonions) and store the result in <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">*</span><span class="keyword">this</span></code>. The unspecialized form has exception guards,
238      which the specialized forms do not, so as to insure exception safety. For the
239      unspecialized form, the base type's assignment operators must not throw. As
240      for the multiplication, remember to group any two factors using parenthesis.
241    </p>
242</div>
243<table xmlns:rev="http://www.cs.rpi.edu/~gregod/boost/tools/doc/revision" width="100%"><tr>
244<td align="left"></td>
245<td align="right"><div class="copyright-footer">Copyright © 2006-2019 Nikhar
246      Agrawal, Anton Bikineev, Paul A. Bristow, Marco Guazzone, Christopher Kormanyos,
247      Hubert Holin, Bruno Lalande, John Maddock, Jeremy Murphy, Matthew Pulver, Johan
248      Råde, Gautam Sewani, Benjamin Sobotta, Nicholas Thompson, Thijs van den Berg,
249      Daryle Walker and Xiaogang Zhang<p>
250        Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying
251        file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at <a href="http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt" target="_top">http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt</a>)
252      </p>
253</div></td>
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