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1 /***
2   This file is part of PulseAudio.
3 
4   Copyright 2004-2006 Lennart Poettering
5   Copyright 2006 Pierre Ossman <ossman@cendio.se> for Cendio AB
6 
7   PulseAudio is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8   it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as
9   published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the
10   License, or (at your option) any later version.
11 
12   PulseAudio is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
13   WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
15   General Public License for more details.
16 
17   You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
18   License along with PulseAudio; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
19 ***/
20 
21 #ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
22 #include <config.h>
23 #endif
24 
25 #include <stdarg.h>
26 #include <stdio.h>
27 #include <unistd.h>
28 #include <string.h>
29 #include <errno.h>
30 #include <fcntl.h>
31 #include <sys/stat.h>
32 
33 #ifdef HAVE_EXECINFO_H
34 #include <execinfo.h>
35 #endif
36 
37 #ifdef HAVE_SYSLOG_H
38 #include <syslog.h>
39 #endif
40 
41 #ifdef HAVE_SYSTEMD_JOURNAL
42 
43 /* sd_journal_send() implicitly add fields for the source file,
44  * function name and code line from where it's invoked. As the
45  * correct code location fields CODE_FILE, CODE_LINE and
46  * CODE_FUNC are already handled by this module, we do not want
47  * the automatic values supplied by the systemd journal API.
48  *
49  * Without suppressing these, both the actual log event source
50  * and the call to sd_journal_send() will be logged. */
51 #define SD_JOURNAL_SUPPRESS_LOCATION
52 
53 #include <systemd/sd-journal.h>
54 #endif
55 
56 #include <pulse/gccmacro.h>
57 #include <pulse/rtclock.h>
58 #include <pulse/utf8.h>
59 #include <pulse/xmalloc.h>
60 #include <pulse/util.h>
61 #include <pulse/timeval.h>
62 
63 #include <pulsecore/macro.h>
64 #include <pulsecore/core-util.h>
65 #include <pulsecore/core-error.h>
66 #include <pulsecore/once.h>
67 #include <pulsecore/ratelimit.h>
68 #include <pulsecore/thread.h>
69 #include <pulsecore/i18n.h>
70 
71 #include "log.h"
72 
73 #define ENV_LOG_SYSLOG "PULSE_LOG_SYSLOG"
74 #define ENV_LOG_JOURNAL "PULSE_LOG_JOURNAL"
75 #define ENV_LOG_LEVEL "PULSE_LOG"
76 #define ENV_LOG_COLORS "PULSE_LOG_COLORS"
77 #define ENV_LOG_PRINT_TIME "PULSE_LOG_TIME"
78 #define ENV_LOG_PRINT_FILE "PULSE_LOG_FILE"
79 #define ENV_LOG_PRINT_META "PULSE_LOG_META"
80 #define ENV_LOG_PRINT_LEVEL "PULSE_LOG_LEVEL"
81 #define ENV_LOG_BACKTRACE "PULSE_LOG_BACKTRACE"
82 #define ENV_LOG_BACKTRACE_SKIP "PULSE_LOG_BACKTRACE_SKIP"
83 #define ENV_LOG_NO_RATELIMIT "PULSE_LOG_NO_RATE_LIMIT"
84 #define LOG_MAX_SUFFIX_NUMBER 99
85 
86 static char *ident = NULL; /* in local charset format */
87 static pa_log_target target = { PA_LOG_STDERR, NULL };
88 static pa_log_target_type_t target_override;
89 static bool target_override_set = false;
90 static pa_log_level_t maximum_level = PA_LOG_ERROR, maximum_level_override = PA_LOG_ERROR;
91 static unsigned show_backtrace = 0, show_backtrace_override = 0, skip_backtrace = 0;
92 static pa_log_flags_t flags = 0, flags_override = 0;
93 static bool no_rate_limit = false;
94 static int log_fd = -1;
95 static int write_type = 0;
96 
97 #ifdef HAVE_SYSLOG_H
98 static const int level_to_syslog[] = {
99     [PA_LOG_ERROR] = LOG_ERR,
100     [PA_LOG_WARN] = LOG_WARNING,
101     [PA_LOG_NOTICE] = LOG_NOTICE,
102     [PA_LOG_INFO] = LOG_INFO,
103     [PA_LOG_DEBUG] = LOG_DEBUG
104 };
105 #endif
106 
107 /* These are actually equivalent to the syslog ones
108  * but we don't want to depend on syslog.h */
109 #ifdef HAVE_SYSTEMD_JOURNAL
110 static const int level_to_journal[] = {
111     [PA_LOG_ERROR]  = 3,
112     [PA_LOG_WARN]   = 4,
113     [PA_LOG_NOTICE] = 5,
114     [PA_LOG_INFO]   = 6,
115     [PA_LOG_DEBUG]  = 7
116 };
117 #endif
118 
119 static const char level_to_char[] = {
120     [PA_LOG_ERROR] = 'E',
121     [PA_LOG_WARN] = 'W',
122     [PA_LOG_NOTICE] = 'N',
123     [PA_LOG_INFO] = 'I',
124     [PA_LOG_DEBUG] = 'D'
125 };
126 
pa_log_set_ident(const char * p)127 void pa_log_set_ident(const char *p) {
128     pa_xfree(ident);
129 
130     if (!(ident = pa_utf8_to_locale(p)))
131         ident = pa_ascii_filter(p);
132 }
133 
134 /* To make valgrind shut up. */
135 static void ident_destructor(void) PA_GCC_DESTRUCTOR;
ident_destructor(void)136 static void ident_destructor(void) {
137     if (!pa_in_valgrind())
138         return;
139 
140     pa_xfree(ident);
141 }
142 
pa_log_set_level(pa_log_level_t l)143 void pa_log_set_level(pa_log_level_t l) {
144     pa_assert(l < PA_LOG_LEVEL_MAX);
145 
146     maximum_level = l;
147 }
148 
pa_log_set_target(pa_log_target * t)149 int pa_log_set_target(pa_log_target *t) {
150     int fd = -1;
151     int old_fd;
152 
153     pa_assert(t);
154 
155     switch (t->type) {
156         case PA_LOG_STDERR:
157         case PA_LOG_SYSLOG:
158 #ifdef HAVE_SYSTEMD_JOURNAL
159         case PA_LOG_JOURNAL:
160 #endif
161         case PA_LOG_NULL:
162             break;
163         case PA_LOG_FILE:
164             if ((fd = pa_open_cloexec(t->file, O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC | O_CREAT, S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR)) < 0) {
165                 pa_log(_("Failed to open target file '%s'."), t->file);
166                 return -1;
167             }
168             break;
169         case PA_LOG_NEWFILE: {
170             char *file_path;
171             char *p;
172             unsigned version;
173 
174             file_path = pa_sprintf_malloc("%s.xx", t->file);
175             p = file_path + strlen(t->file);
176 
177             for (version = 0; version <= LOG_MAX_SUFFIX_NUMBER; version++) {
178                 memset(p, 0, 3); /* Overwrite the ".xx" part in file_path with zero bytes. */
179 
180                 if (version > 0)
181                     pa_snprintf(p, 4, ".%u", version); /* Why 4? ".xx" + termitating zero byte. */
182 
183                 if ((fd = pa_open_cloexec(file_path, O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR)) >= 0)
184                     break;
185             }
186 
187             if (version > LOG_MAX_SUFFIX_NUMBER) {
188                 pa_log(_("Tried to open target file '%s', '%s.1', '%s.2' ... '%s.%d', but all failed."),
189                         t->file, t->file, t->file, t->file, LOG_MAX_SUFFIX_NUMBER);
190                 pa_xfree(file_path);
191                 return -1;
192             } else
193                 pa_log_debug("Opened target file %s\n", file_path);
194 
195             pa_xfree(file_path);
196             break;
197         }
198     }
199 
200     target.type = t->type;
201     pa_xfree(target.file);
202     target.file = pa_xstrdup(t->file);
203 
204     old_fd = log_fd;
205     log_fd = fd;
206 
207     if (old_fd >= 0)
208         pa_close(old_fd);
209 
210     return 0;
211 }
212 
pa_log_set_flags(pa_log_flags_t _flags,pa_log_merge_t merge)213 void pa_log_set_flags(pa_log_flags_t _flags, pa_log_merge_t merge) {
214     pa_assert(!(_flags & ~(PA_LOG_COLORS|PA_LOG_PRINT_TIME|PA_LOG_PRINT_FILE|PA_LOG_PRINT_META|PA_LOG_PRINT_LEVEL)));
215 
216     if (merge == PA_LOG_SET)
217         flags |= _flags;
218     else if (merge == PA_LOG_UNSET)
219         flags &= ~_flags;
220     else
221         flags = _flags;
222 }
223 
pa_log_set_show_backtrace(unsigned nlevels)224 void pa_log_set_show_backtrace(unsigned nlevels) {
225     show_backtrace = nlevels;
226 }
227 
pa_log_set_skip_backtrace(unsigned nlevels)228 void pa_log_set_skip_backtrace(unsigned nlevels) {
229     skip_backtrace = nlevels;
230 }
231 
232 #ifdef HAVE_EXECINFO_H
233 
get_backtrace(unsigned show_nframes)234 static char* get_backtrace(unsigned show_nframes) {
235     void* trace[32];
236     int n_frames;
237     char **symbols, *e, *r;
238     unsigned j, n, s;
239     size_t a;
240 
241     pa_assert(show_nframes > 0);
242 
243     n_frames = backtrace(trace, PA_ELEMENTSOF(trace));
244 
245     if (n_frames <= 0)
246         return NULL;
247 
248     symbols = backtrace_symbols(trace, n_frames);
249 
250     if (!symbols)
251         return NULL;
252 
253     s = skip_backtrace;
254     n = PA_MIN((unsigned) n_frames, s + show_nframes);
255 
256     a = 4;
257 
258     for (j = s; j < n; j++) {
259         if (j > s)
260             a += 2;
261         a += strlen(pa_path_get_filename(symbols[j]));
262     }
263 
264     r = pa_xnew(char, a);
265 
266     strcpy(r, " (");
267     e = r + 2;
268 
269     for (j = s; j < n; j++) {
270         const char *sym;
271 
272         if (j > s) {
273             strcpy(e, "<<");
274             e += 2;
275         }
276 
277         sym = pa_path_get_filename(symbols[j]);
278 
279         strcpy(e, sym);
280         e += strlen(sym);
281     }
282 
283     strcpy(e, ")");
284 
285     free(symbols);
286 
287     return r;
288 }
289 
290 #endif
291 
init_defaults(void)292 static void init_defaults(void) {
293     PA_ONCE_BEGIN {
294 
295         const char *e;
296 
297         if (!ident) {
298             char binary[256];
299             if (pa_get_binary_name(binary, sizeof(binary)))
300                 pa_log_set_ident(binary);
301         }
302 
303         if (getenv(ENV_LOG_SYSLOG)) {
304             target_override = PA_LOG_SYSLOG;
305             target_override_set = true;
306         }
307 
308 #ifdef HAVE_SYSTEMD_JOURNAL
309         if (getenv(ENV_LOG_JOURNAL)) {
310             target_override = PA_LOG_JOURNAL;
311             target_override_set = true;
312         }
313 #endif
314 
315         if ((e = getenv(ENV_LOG_LEVEL))) {
316             maximum_level_override = (pa_log_level_t) atoi(e);
317 
318             if (maximum_level_override >= PA_LOG_LEVEL_MAX)
319                 maximum_level_override = PA_LOG_LEVEL_MAX-1;
320         }
321 
322         if (getenv(ENV_LOG_COLORS))
323             flags_override |= PA_LOG_COLORS;
324 
325         if (getenv(ENV_LOG_PRINT_TIME))
326             flags_override |= PA_LOG_PRINT_TIME;
327 
328         if (getenv(ENV_LOG_PRINT_FILE))
329             flags_override |= PA_LOG_PRINT_FILE;
330 
331         if (getenv(ENV_LOG_PRINT_META))
332             flags_override |= PA_LOG_PRINT_META;
333 
334         if (getenv(ENV_LOG_PRINT_LEVEL))
335             flags_override |= PA_LOG_PRINT_LEVEL;
336 
337         if ((e = getenv(ENV_LOG_BACKTRACE))) {
338             show_backtrace_override = (unsigned) atoi(e);
339 
340             if (show_backtrace_override <= 0)
341                 show_backtrace_override = 0;
342         }
343 
344         if ((e = getenv(ENV_LOG_BACKTRACE_SKIP))) {
345             skip_backtrace = (unsigned) atoi(e);
346 
347             if (skip_backtrace <= 0)
348                 skip_backtrace = 0;
349         }
350 
351         if (getenv(ENV_LOG_NO_RATELIMIT))
352             no_rate_limit = true;
353 
354     } PA_ONCE_END;
355 }
356 
357 #ifdef HAVE_SYSLOG_H
log_syslog(pa_log_level_t level,char * t,char * timestamp,char * location,char * bt)358 static void log_syslog(pa_log_level_t level, char *t, char *timestamp, char *location, char *bt) {
359     char *local_t;
360 
361     openlog(ident, LOG_PID, LOG_USER);
362 
363     if ((local_t = pa_utf8_to_locale(t)))
364         t = local_t;
365 
366     syslog(level_to_syslog[level], "%s%s%s%s", timestamp, location, t, pa_strempty(bt));
367     pa_xfree(local_t);
368 }
369 #endif
370 
pa_log_levelv_meta(pa_log_level_t level,const char * file,int line,const char * func,const char * format,va_list ap)371 void pa_log_levelv_meta(
372         pa_log_level_t level,
373         const char*file,
374         int line,
375         const char *func,
376         const char *format,
377         va_list ap) {
378 
379     char *t, *n;
380     int saved_errno = errno;
381     char *bt = NULL;
382     pa_log_target_type_t _target;
383     pa_log_level_t _maximum_level;
384     unsigned _show_backtrace;
385     pa_log_flags_t _flags;
386 
387     /* We don't use dynamic memory allocation here to minimize the hit
388      * in RT threads */
389     char text[16*1024], location[128], timestamp[32];
390 
391     pa_assert(level < PA_LOG_LEVEL_MAX);
392     pa_assert(format);
393 
394     init_defaults();
395 
396     _target = target_override_set ? target_override : target.type;
397     _maximum_level = PA_MAX(maximum_level, maximum_level_override);
398     _show_backtrace = PA_MAX(show_backtrace, show_backtrace_override);
399     _flags = flags | flags_override;
400 
401     if (PA_LIKELY(level > _maximum_level)) {
402         errno = saved_errno;
403         return;
404     }
405 
406     pa_vsnprintf(text, sizeof(text), format, ap);
407 
408     if ((_flags & PA_LOG_PRINT_META) && file && line > 0 && func)
409         pa_snprintf(location, sizeof(location), "[%s][%s:%i %s()] ",
410                     pa_strnull(pa_thread_get_name(pa_thread_self())), file, line, func);
411     else if ((_flags & (PA_LOG_PRINT_META|PA_LOG_PRINT_FILE)) && file)
412         pa_snprintf(location, sizeof(location), "[%s] %s: ",
413                     pa_strnull(pa_thread_get_name(pa_thread_self())), pa_path_get_filename(file));
414     else
415         location[0] = 0;
416 
417     if (_flags & PA_LOG_PRINT_TIME) {
418         static pa_usec_t start, last;
419         pa_usec_t u, a, r;
420 
421         u = pa_rtclock_now();
422 
423         PA_ONCE_BEGIN {
424             start = u;
425             last = u;
426         } PA_ONCE_END;
427 
428         r = u - last;
429         a = u - start;
430 
431         /* This is not thread safe, but this is a debugging tool only
432          * anyway. */
433         last = u;
434 
435         pa_snprintf(timestamp, sizeof(timestamp), "(%4llu.%03llu|%4llu.%03llu) ",
436                     (unsigned long long) (a / PA_USEC_PER_SEC),
437                     (unsigned long long) (((a / PA_USEC_PER_MSEC)) % 1000),
438                     (unsigned long long) (r / PA_USEC_PER_SEC),
439                     (unsigned long long) (((r / PA_USEC_PER_MSEC)) % 1000));
440 
441     } else
442         timestamp[0] = 0;
443 
444 #ifdef HAVE_EXECINFO_H
445     if (_show_backtrace > 0)
446         bt = get_backtrace(_show_backtrace);
447 #endif
448 
449     if (!pa_utf8_valid(text))
450         pa_logl(level, "Invalid UTF-8 string following below:");
451 
452     for (t = text; t; t = n) {
453         if ((n = strchr(t, '\n'))) {
454             *n = 0;
455             n++;
456         }
457 
458         /* We ignore strings only made out of whitespace */
459         if (t[strspn(t, "\t ")] == 0)
460             continue;
461 
462         switch (_target) {
463 
464             case PA_LOG_STDERR: {
465                 const char *prefix = "", *suffix = "", *grey = "";
466                 char *local_t;
467 
468 #ifndef OS_IS_WIN32
469                 /* Yes indeed. Useless, but fun! */
470                 if ((_flags & PA_LOG_COLORS) && isatty(STDERR_FILENO)) {
471                     if (level <= PA_LOG_ERROR)
472                         prefix = "\x1B[1;31m";
473                     else if (level <= PA_LOG_WARN)
474                         prefix = "\x1B[1m";
475 
476                     if (bt)
477                         grey = "\x1B[2m";
478 
479                     if (grey[0] || prefix[0])
480                         suffix = "\x1B[0m";
481                 }
482 #endif
483 
484                 /* We shouldn't be using dynamic allocation here to
485                  * minimize the hit in RT threads */
486                 if ((local_t = pa_utf8_to_locale(t)))
487                     t = local_t;
488 
489                 if (_flags & PA_LOG_PRINT_LEVEL)
490                     fprintf(stderr, "%s%c: %s%s%s%s%s%s\n", timestamp, level_to_char[level], location, prefix, t, grey, pa_strempty(bt), suffix);
491                 else
492                     fprintf(stderr, "%s%s%s%s%s%s%s\n", timestamp, location, prefix, t, grey, pa_strempty(bt), suffix);
493 #ifdef OS_IS_WIN32
494                 fflush(stderr);
495 #endif
496 
497                 pa_xfree(local_t);
498 
499                 break;
500             }
501 
502 #ifdef HAVE_SYSLOG_H
503             case PA_LOG_SYSLOG:
504                 log_syslog(level, t, timestamp, location, bt);
505                 break;
506 #endif
507 
508 #ifdef HAVE_SYSTEMD_JOURNAL
509             case PA_LOG_JOURNAL:
510                 if (sd_journal_send("MESSAGE=%s", t,
511                                 "PRIORITY=%i", level_to_journal[level],
512                                 "CODE_FILE=%s", file,
513                                 "CODE_FUNC=%s", func,
514                                 "CODE_LINE=%d", line,
515                                 "PULSE_BACKTRACE=%s", pa_strempty(bt),
516                                 NULL) < 0) {
517 #ifdef HAVE_SYSLOG_H
518                     pa_log_target new_target = { .type = PA_LOG_SYSLOG, .file = NULL };
519 
520                     syslog(level_to_syslog[PA_LOG_ERROR], "%s%s%s", timestamp, __FILE__,
521                            "Error writing logs to the journal. Redirect log messages to syslog.");
522                     log_syslog(level, t, timestamp, location, bt);
523 #else
524                     pa_log_target new_target = { .type = PA_LOG_STDERR, .file = NULL };
525 
526                     saved_errno = errno;
527                     fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", "Error writing logs to the journal. Redirect log messages to console.");
528                     fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", t);
529 #endif
530                     pa_log_set_target(&new_target);
531                 }
532                 break;
533 #endif
534 
535             case PA_LOG_FILE:
536             case PA_LOG_NEWFILE: {
537                 char *local_t;
538 
539                 if ((local_t = pa_utf8_to_locale(t)))
540                     t = local_t;
541 
542                 if (log_fd >= 0) {
543                     char metadata[256];
544 
545                     if (_flags & PA_LOG_PRINT_LEVEL)
546                         pa_snprintf(metadata, sizeof(metadata), "%s%c: %s", timestamp, level_to_char[level], location);
547                     else
548                         pa_snprintf(metadata, sizeof(metadata), "%s%s", timestamp, location);
549 
550                     if ((pa_write(log_fd, metadata, strlen(metadata), &write_type) < 0)
551                             || (pa_write(log_fd, t, strlen(t), &write_type) < 0)
552                             || (bt && pa_write(log_fd, bt, strlen(bt), &write_type) < 0)
553                             || (pa_write(log_fd, "\n", 1, &write_type) < 0)) {
554                         pa_log_target new_target = { .type = PA_LOG_STDERR, .file = NULL };
555                         saved_errno = errno;
556                         fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", "Error writing logs to a file descriptor. Redirect log messages to console.");
557                         fprintf(stderr, "%s %s\n", metadata, t);
558                         pa_log_set_target(&new_target);
559                     }
560                 }
561 
562                 pa_xfree(local_t);
563 
564                 break;
565             }
566             case PA_LOG_NULL:
567             default:
568                 break;
569         }
570     }
571 
572     pa_xfree(bt);
573     errno = saved_errno;
574 }
575 
pa_log_level_meta(pa_log_level_t level,const char * file,int line,const char * func,const char * format,...)576 void pa_log_level_meta(
577         pa_log_level_t level,
578         const char*file,
579         int line,
580         const char *func,
581         const char *format, ...) {
582 
583     va_list ap;
584     va_start(ap, format);
585     pa_log_levelv_meta(level, file, line, func, format, ap);
586     va_end(ap);
587 }
588 
pa_log_levelv(pa_log_level_t level,const char * format,va_list ap)589 void pa_log_levelv(pa_log_level_t level, const char *format, va_list ap) {
590     pa_log_levelv_meta(level, NULL, 0, NULL, format, ap);
591 }
592 
pa_log_level(pa_log_level_t level,const char * format,...)593 void pa_log_level(pa_log_level_t level, const char *format, ...) {
594     va_list ap;
595 
596     va_start(ap, format);
597     pa_log_levelv_meta(level, NULL, 0, NULL, format, ap);
598     va_end(ap);
599 }
600 
pa_log_ratelimit(pa_log_level_t level)601 bool pa_log_ratelimit(pa_log_level_t level) {
602     /* Not more than 10 messages every 5s */
603     static PA_DEFINE_RATELIMIT(ratelimit, 5 * PA_USEC_PER_SEC, 10);
604 
605     init_defaults();
606 
607     if (no_rate_limit)
608         return true;
609 
610     return pa_ratelimit_test(&ratelimit, level);
611 }
612 
pa_log_target_new(pa_log_target_type_t type,const char * file)613 pa_log_target *pa_log_target_new(pa_log_target_type_t type, const char *file) {
614     pa_log_target *t = NULL;
615 
616     t = pa_xnew(pa_log_target, 1);
617 
618     t->type = type;
619     t->file = pa_xstrdup(file);
620 
621     return t;
622 }
623 
pa_log_target_free(pa_log_target * t)624 void pa_log_target_free(pa_log_target *t) {
625     pa_assert(t);
626 
627     pa_xfree(t->file);
628     pa_xfree(t);
629 }
630 
pa_log_parse_target(const char * string)631 pa_log_target *pa_log_parse_target(const char *string) {
632     pa_log_target *t = NULL;
633 
634     pa_assert(string);
635 
636     if (pa_streq(string, "stderr"))
637         t = pa_log_target_new(PA_LOG_STDERR, NULL);
638     else if (pa_streq(string, "syslog"))
639         t = pa_log_target_new(PA_LOG_SYSLOG, NULL);
640 #ifdef HAVE_SYSTEMD_JOURNAL
641     else if (pa_streq(string, "journal"))
642         t = pa_log_target_new(PA_LOG_JOURNAL, NULL);
643 #endif
644     else if (pa_streq(string, "null"))
645         t = pa_log_target_new(PA_LOG_NULL, NULL);
646     else if (pa_startswith(string, "file:"))
647         t = pa_log_target_new(PA_LOG_FILE, string + 5);
648     else if (pa_startswith(string, "newfile:"))
649         t = pa_log_target_new(PA_LOG_NEWFILE, string + 8);
650     else
651         pa_log(_("Invalid log target."));
652 
653     return t;
654 }
655 
pa_log_target_to_string(const pa_log_target * t)656 char *pa_log_target_to_string(const pa_log_target *t) {
657     char *string = NULL;
658 
659     pa_assert(t);
660 
661     switch (t->type) {
662         case PA_LOG_STDERR:
663             string = pa_xstrdup("stderr");
664             break;
665         case PA_LOG_SYSLOG:
666             string = pa_xstrdup("syslog");
667             break;
668 #ifdef HAVE_SYSTEMD_JOURNAL
669         case PA_LOG_JOURNAL:
670             string = pa_xstrdup("journal");
671             break;
672 #endif
673         case PA_LOG_NULL:
674             string = pa_xstrdup("null");
675             break;
676         case PA_LOG_FILE:
677             string = pa_sprintf_malloc("file:%s", t->file);
678             break;
679         case PA_LOG_NEWFILE:
680             string = pa_sprintf_malloc("newfile:%s", t->file);
681             break;
682     }
683 
684     return string;
685 }
686