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1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  *  linux/kernel/reboot.c
4  *
5  *  Copyright (C) 2013  Linus Torvalds
6  */
7 
8 #define pr_fmt(fmt) "reboot: " fmt
9 
10 #include <linux/ctype.h>
11 #include <linux/export.h>
12 #include <linux/kexec.h>
13 #include <linux/kmod.h>
14 #include <linux/kmsg_dump.h>
15 #include <linux/reboot.h>
16 #include <linux/suspend.h>
17 #include <linux/syscalls.h>
18 #include <linux/syscore_ops.h>
19 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
20 
21 /*
22  * this indicates whether you can reboot with ctrl-alt-del: the default is yes
23  */
24 
25 int C_A_D = 1;
26 struct pid *cad_pid;
27 EXPORT_SYMBOL(cad_pid);
28 
29 #if defined(CONFIG_ARM)
30 #define DEFAULT_REBOOT_MODE = REBOOT_HARD
31 #else
32 #define DEFAULT_REBOOT_MODE
33 #endif
34 enum reboot_mode reboot_mode DEFAULT_REBOOT_MODE;
35 enum reboot_mode panic_reboot_mode = REBOOT_UNDEFINED;
36 
37 /*
38  * This variable is used privately to keep track of whether or not
39  * reboot_type is still set to its default value (i.e., reboot= hasn't
40  * been set on the command line).  This is needed so that we can
41  * suppress DMI scanning for reboot quirks.  Without it, it's
42  * impossible to override a faulty reboot quirk without recompiling.
43  */
44 int reboot_default = 1;
45 int reboot_cpu;
46 enum reboot_type reboot_type = BOOT_ACPI;
47 int reboot_force;
48 
49 /*
50  * If set, this is used for preparing the system to power off.
51  */
52 
53 void (*pm_power_off_prepare)(void);
54 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pm_power_off_prepare);
55 
56 /**
57  *    emergency_restart - reboot the system
58  *
59  *    Without shutting down any hardware or taking any locks
60  *    reboot the system.  This is called when we know we are in
61  *    trouble so this is our best effort to reboot.  This is
62  *    safe to call in interrupt context.
63  */
emergency_restart(void)64 void emergency_restart(void)
65 {
66     kmsg_dump(KMSG_DUMP_EMERG);
67     machine_emergency_restart();
68 }
69 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(emergency_restart);
70 
kernel_restart_prepare(char * cmd)71 void kernel_restart_prepare(char *cmd)
72 {
73     blocking_notifier_call_chain(&reboot_notifier_list, SYS_RESTART, cmd);
74     system_state = SYSTEM_RESTART;
75     usermodehelper_disable();
76     device_shutdown();
77 }
78 
79 /**
80  *    register_reboot_notifier - Register function to be called at reboot time
81  *    @nb: Info about notifier function to be called
82  *
83  *    Registers a function with the list of functions
84  *    to be called at reboot time.
85  *
86  *    Currently always returns zero, as blocking_notifier_chain_register()
87  *    always returns zero.
88  */
register_reboot_notifier(struct notifier_block * nb)89 int register_reboot_notifier(struct notifier_block *nb)
90 {
91     return blocking_notifier_chain_register(&reboot_notifier_list, nb);
92 }
93 EXPORT_SYMBOL(register_reboot_notifier);
94 
95 /**
96  *    unregister_reboot_notifier - Unregister previously registered reboot notifier
97  *    @nb: Hook to be unregistered
98  *
99  *    Unregisters a previously registered reboot
100  *    notifier function.
101  *
102  *    Returns zero on success, or %-ENOENT on failure.
103  */
unregister_reboot_notifier(struct notifier_block * nb)104 int unregister_reboot_notifier(struct notifier_block *nb)
105 {
106     return blocking_notifier_chain_unregister(&reboot_notifier_list, nb);
107 }
108 EXPORT_SYMBOL(unregister_reboot_notifier);
109 
devm_unregister_reboot_notifier(struct device * dev,void * res)110 static void devm_unregister_reboot_notifier(struct device *dev, void *res)
111 {
112     WARN_ON(unregister_reboot_notifier(*(struct notifier_block **)res));
113 }
114 
devm_register_reboot_notifier(struct device * dev,struct notifier_block * nb)115 int devm_register_reboot_notifier(struct device *dev, struct notifier_block *nb)
116 {
117     struct notifier_block **rcnb;
118     int ret;
119 
120     rcnb = devres_alloc(devm_unregister_reboot_notifier, sizeof(*rcnb), GFP_KERNEL);
121     if (!rcnb) {
122         return -ENOMEM;
123     }
124 
125     ret = register_reboot_notifier(nb);
126     if (!ret) {
127         *rcnb = nb;
128         devres_add(dev, rcnb);
129     } else {
130         devres_free(rcnb);
131     }
132 
133     return ret;
134 }
135 EXPORT_SYMBOL(devm_register_reboot_notifier);
136 
137 /*
138  *    Notifier list for kernel code which wants to be called
139  *    to restart the system.
140  */
141 static ATOMIC_NOTIFIER_HEAD(restart_handler_list);
142 
143 /**
144  *    register_restart_handler - Register function to be called to reset
145  *                   the system
146  *    @nb: Info about handler function to be called
147  *    @nb->priority:    Handler priority. Handlers should follow the
148  *            following guidelines for setting priorities.
149  *            0:    Restart handler of last resort,
150  *                with limited restart capabilities
151  *            128:    Default restart handler; use if no other
152  *                restart handler is expected to be available,
153  *                and/or if restart functionality is
154  *                sufficient to restart the entire system
155  *            255:    Highest priority restart handler, will
156  *                preempt all other restart handlers
157  *
158  *    Registers a function with code to be called to restart the
159  *    system.
160  *
161  *    Registered functions will be called from machine_restart as last
162  *    step of the restart sequence (if the architecture specific
163  *    machine_restart function calls do_kernel_restart - see below
164  *    for details).
165  *    Registered functions are expected to restart the system immediately.
166  *    If more than one function is registered, the restart handler priority
167  *    selects which function will be called first.
168  *
169  *    Restart handlers are expected to be registered from non-architecture
170  *    code, typically from drivers. A typical use case would be a system
171  *    where restart functionality is provided through a watchdog. Multiple
172  *    restart handlers may exist; for example, one restart handler might
173  *    restart the entire system, while another only restarts the CPU.
174  *    In such cases, the restart handler which only restarts part of the
175  *    hardware is expected to register with low priority to ensure that
176  *    it only runs if no other means to restart the system is available.
177  *
178  *    Currently always returns zero, as atomic_notifier_chain_register()
179  *    always returns zero.
180  */
register_restart_handler(struct notifier_block * nb)181 int register_restart_handler(struct notifier_block *nb)
182 {
183     return atomic_notifier_chain_register(&restart_handler_list, nb);
184 }
185 EXPORT_SYMBOL(register_restart_handler);
186 
187 /**
188  *    unregister_restart_handler - Unregister previously registered
189  *                     restart handler
190  *    @nb: Hook to be unregistered
191  *
192  *    Unregisters a previously registered restart handler function.
193  *
194  *    Returns zero on success, or %-ENOENT on failure.
195  */
unregister_restart_handler(struct notifier_block * nb)196 int unregister_restart_handler(struct notifier_block *nb)
197 {
198     return atomic_notifier_chain_unregister(&restart_handler_list, nb);
199 }
200 EXPORT_SYMBOL(unregister_restart_handler);
201 
202 /**
203  *    do_kernel_restart - Execute kernel restart handler call chain
204  *
205  *    Calls functions registered with register_restart_handler.
206  *
207  *    Expected to be called from machine_restart as last step of the restart
208  *    sequence.
209  *
210  *    Restarts the system immediately if a restart handler function has been
211  *    registered. Otherwise does nothing.
212  */
do_kernel_restart(char * cmd)213 void do_kernel_restart(char *cmd)
214 {
215     atomic_notifier_call_chain(&restart_handler_list, reboot_mode, cmd);
216 }
217 
218 #ifdef CONFIG_NO_GKI
219 static ATOMIC_NOTIFIER_HEAD(pre_restart_handler_list);
220 
register_pre_restart_handler(struct notifier_block * nb)221 int register_pre_restart_handler(struct notifier_block *nb)
222 {
223     return atomic_notifier_chain_register(&pre_restart_handler_list, nb);
224 }
225 EXPORT_SYMBOL(register_pre_restart_handler);
226 
unregister_pre_restart_handler(struct notifier_block * nb)227 int unregister_pre_restart_handler(struct notifier_block *nb)
228 {
229     return atomic_notifier_chain_unregister(&pre_restart_handler_list, nb);
230 }
231 EXPORT_SYMBOL(unregister_pre_restart_handler);
232 
do_kernel_pre_restart(char * cmd)233 void do_kernel_pre_restart(char *cmd)
234 {
235     atomic_notifier_call_chain(&pre_restart_handler_list, reboot_mode, cmd);
236 }
237 #endif
238 
migrate_to_reboot_cpu(void)239 void migrate_to_reboot_cpu(void)
240 {
241     /* The boot cpu is always logical cpu 0 */
242     int cpu = reboot_cpu;
243 
244     cpu_hotplug_disable();
245 
246     /* Make certain the cpu I'm about to reboot on is online */
247     if (!cpu_online(cpu)) {
248         cpu = cpumask_first(cpu_online_mask);
249     }
250 
251     /* Prevent races with other tasks migrating this task */
252     current->flags |= PF_NO_SETAFFINITY;
253 
254     /* Make certain I only run on the appropriate processor */
255     set_cpus_allowed_ptr(current, cpumask_of(cpu));
256 }
257 
258 /**
259  *    kernel_restart - reboot the system
260  *    @cmd: pointer to buffer containing command to execute for restart
261  *        or %NULL
262  *
263  *    Shutdown everything and perform a clean reboot.
264  *    This is not safe to call in interrupt context.
265  */
kernel_restart(char * cmd)266 void kernel_restart(char *cmd)
267 {
268     kernel_restart_prepare(cmd);
269     migrate_to_reboot_cpu();
270     syscore_shutdown();
271     if (!cmd) {
272         pr_emerg("Restarting system\n");
273     } else {
274         pr_emerg("Restarting system with command '%s'\n", cmd);
275     }
276     kmsg_dump(KMSG_DUMP_SHUTDOWN);
277     machine_restart(cmd);
278 }
279 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kernel_restart);
280 
kernel_shutdown_prepare(enum system_states state)281 static void kernel_shutdown_prepare(enum system_states state)
282 {
283     blocking_notifier_call_chain(&reboot_notifier_list, (state == SYSTEM_HALT) ? SYS_HALT : SYS_POWER_OFF, NULL);
284     system_state = state;
285     usermodehelper_disable();
286     device_shutdown();
287 }
288 /**
289  *    kernel_halt - halt the system
290  *
291  *    Shutdown everything and perform a clean system halt.
292  */
kernel_halt(void)293 void kernel_halt(void)
294 {
295     kernel_shutdown_prepare(SYSTEM_HALT);
296     migrate_to_reboot_cpu();
297     syscore_shutdown();
298     pr_emerg("System halted\n");
299     kmsg_dump(KMSG_DUMP_SHUTDOWN);
300     machine_halt();
301 }
302 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kernel_halt);
303 
304 /**
305  *    kernel_power_off - power_off the system
306  *
307  *    Shutdown everything and perform a clean system power_off.
308  */
kernel_power_off(void)309 void kernel_power_off(void)
310 {
311     kernel_shutdown_prepare(SYSTEM_POWER_OFF);
312     if (pm_power_off_prepare) {
313         pm_power_off_prepare();
314     }
315     migrate_to_reboot_cpu();
316     syscore_shutdown();
317     pr_emerg("Power down\n");
318     kmsg_dump(KMSG_DUMP_SHUTDOWN);
319     machine_power_off();
320 }
321 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kernel_power_off);
322 
323 DEFINE_MUTEX(system_transition_mutex);
324 
325 /*
326  * Reboot system call: for obvious reasons only root may call it,
327  * and even root needs to set up some magic numbers in the registers
328  * so that some mistake won't make this reboot the whole machine.
329  * You can also set the meaning of the ctrl-alt-del-key here.
330  *
331  * reboot doesn't sync: do that yourself before calling this.
332  */
SYSCALL_DEFINE4(reboot,int,magic1,int,magic2,unsigned int,cmd,void __user *,arg)333 SYSCALL_DEFINE4(reboot, int, magic1, int, magic2, unsigned int, cmd, void __user *, arg)
334 {
335     struct pid_namespace *pid_ns = task_active_pid_ns(current);
336     char buffer[256];
337     int ret = 0;
338 
339     /* We only trust the superuser with rebooting the system. */
340     if (!ns_capable(pid_ns->user_ns, CAP_SYS_BOOT)) {
341         return -EPERM;
342     }
343 
344     /* For safety, we require "magic" arguments. */
345     if (magic1 != LINUX_REBOOT_MAGIC1 || (magic2 != LINUX_REBOOT_MAGIC2 && magic2 != LINUX_REBOOT_MAGIC2A &&
346                                           magic2 != LINUX_REBOOT_MAGIC2B && magic2 != LINUX_REBOOT_MAGIC2C)) {
347         return -EINVAL;
348     }
349 
350     /*
351      * If pid namespaces are enabled and the current task is in a child
352      * pid_namespace, the command is handled by reboot_pid_ns() which will
353      * call do_exit().
354      */
355     ret = reboot_pid_ns(pid_ns, cmd);
356     if (ret) {
357         return ret;
358     }
359 
360     /* Instead of trying to make the power_off code look like
361      * halt when pm_power_off is not set do it the easy way.
362      */
363     if ((cmd == LINUX_REBOOT_CMD_POWER_OFF) && !pm_power_off) {
364         cmd = LINUX_REBOOT_CMD_HALT;
365     }
366 
367     mutex_lock(&system_transition_mutex);
368     switch (cmd) {
369         case LINUX_REBOOT_CMD_RESTART:
370             kernel_restart(NULL);
371             break;
372 
373         case LINUX_REBOOT_CMD_CAD_ON:
374             C_A_D = 1;
375             break;
376 
377         case LINUX_REBOOT_CMD_CAD_OFF:
378             C_A_D = 0;
379             break;
380 
381         case LINUX_REBOOT_CMD_HALT:
382             kernel_halt();
383             do_exit(0);
384             panic("cannot halt");
385 
386         case LINUX_REBOOT_CMD_POWER_OFF:
387             kernel_power_off();
388             do_exit(0);
389             break;
390 
391         case LINUX_REBOOT_CMD_RESTART2:
392             ret = strncpy_from_user(&buffer[0], arg, sizeof(buffer) - 1);
393             if (ret < 0) {
394                 ret = -EFAULT;
395                 break;
396             }
397             buffer[sizeof(buffer) - 1] = '\0';
398 
399             kernel_restart(buffer);
400             break;
401 
402 #ifdef CONFIG_KEXEC_CORE
403         case LINUX_REBOOT_CMD_KEXEC:
404             ret = kernel_kexec();
405             break;
406 #endif
407 
408 #ifdef CONFIG_HIBERNATION
409         case LINUX_REBOOT_CMD_SW_SUSPEND:
410             ret = hibernate();
411             break;
412 #endif
413 
414         default:
415             ret = -EINVAL;
416             break;
417     }
418     mutex_unlock(&system_transition_mutex);
419     return ret;
420 }
421 
deferred_cad(struct work_struct * dummy)422 static void deferred_cad(struct work_struct *dummy)
423 {
424     kernel_restart(NULL);
425 }
426 
427 /*
428  * This function gets called by ctrl-alt-del - ie the keyboard interrupt.
429  * As it's called within an interrupt, it may NOT sync: the only choice
430  * is whether to reboot at once, or just ignore the ctrl-alt-del.
431  */
ctrl_alt_del(void)432 void ctrl_alt_del(void)
433 {
434     static DECLARE_WORK(cad_work, deferred_cad);
435 
436     if (C_A_D) {
437         schedule_work(&cad_work);
438     } else {
439         kill_cad_pid(SIGINT, 1);
440     }
441 }
442 
443 char poweroff_cmd[POWEROFF_CMD_PATH_LEN] = "/sbin/poweroff";
444 static const char reboot_cmd[] = "/sbin/reboot";
445 
run_cmd(const char * cmd)446 static int run_cmd(const char *cmd)
447 {
448     char **argv;
449     static char *envp[] = {"HOME=/", "PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin", NULL};
450     int ret;
451     argv = argv_split(GFP_KERNEL, cmd, NULL);
452     if (argv) {
453         ret = call_usermodehelper(argv[0], argv, envp, UMH_WAIT_EXEC);
454         argv_free(argv);
455     } else {
456         ret = -ENOMEM;
457     }
458 
459     return ret;
460 }
461 
__orderly_reboot(void)462 static int __orderly_reboot(void)
463 {
464     int ret;
465 
466     ret = run_cmd(reboot_cmd);
467     if (ret) {
468         pr_warn("Failed to start orderly reboot: forcing the issue\n");
469         emergency_sync();
470         kernel_restart(NULL);
471     }
472 
473     return ret;
474 }
475 
__orderly_poweroff(bool force)476 static int __orderly_poweroff(bool force)
477 {
478     int ret;
479 
480     ret = run_cmd(poweroff_cmd);
481     if (ret && force) {
482         pr_warn("Failed to start orderly shutdown: forcing the issue\n");
483 
484         /*
485          * I guess this should try to kick off some daemon to sync and
486          * poweroff asap.  Or not even bother syncing if we're doing an
487          * emergency shutdown?
488          */
489         emergency_sync();
490         kernel_power_off();
491     }
492 
493     return ret;
494 }
495 
496 static bool poweroff_force;
497 
poweroff_work_func(struct work_struct * work)498 static void poweroff_work_func(struct work_struct *work)
499 {
500     __orderly_poweroff(poweroff_force);
501 }
502 
503 static DECLARE_WORK(poweroff_work, poweroff_work_func);
504 
505 /**
506  * orderly_poweroff - Trigger an orderly system poweroff
507  * @force: force poweroff if command execution fails
508  *
509  * This may be called from any context to trigger a system shutdown.
510  * If the orderly shutdown fails, it will force an immediate shutdown.
511  */
orderly_poweroff(bool force)512 void orderly_poweroff(bool force)
513 {
514     if (force) { /* do not override the pending "true" */
515         poweroff_force = true;
516     }
517     schedule_work(&poweroff_work);
518 }
519 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(orderly_poweroff);
520 
reboot_work_func(struct work_struct * work)521 static void reboot_work_func(struct work_struct *work)
522 {
523     __orderly_reboot();
524 }
525 
526 static DECLARE_WORK(reboot_work, reboot_work_func);
527 
528 /**
529  * orderly_reboot - Trigger an orderly system reboot
530  *
531  * This may be called from any context to trigger a system reboot.
532  * If the orderly reboot fails, it will force an immediate reboot.
533  */
orderly_reboot(void)534 void orderly_reboot(void)
535 {
536     schedule_work(&reboot_work);
537 }
538 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(orderly_reboot);
539 
reboot_setup(char * str)540 static int __init reboot_setup(char *str)
541 {
542     for (;;) {
543         enum reboot_mode *mode;
544 
545         /*
546          * Having anything passed on the command line via
547          * reboot= will cause us to disable DMI checking
548          * below.
549          */
550         reboot_default = 0;
551 
552         if (!strncmp(str, "panic_", 6)) {
553             mode = &panic_reboot_mode;
554             str += 6;
555         } else {
556             mode = &reboot_mode;
557         }
558 
559         switch (*str) {
560             case 'w':
561                 *mode = REBOOT_WARM;
562                 break;
563 
564             case 'c':
565                 *mode = REBOOT_COLD;
566                 break;
567 
568             case 'h':
569                 *mode = REBOOT_HARD;
570                 break;
571 
572             case 's':
573                 if (isdigit(*(str + 1))) {
574                     reboot_cpu = simple_strtoul(str + 1, NULL, 0);
575                 } else if (str[1] == 'm' && str[2] == 'p' && isdigit(*(str + 3))) {
576                     reboot_cpu = simple_strtoul(str + 3, NULL, 0);
577                 } else {
578                     *mode = REBOOT_SOFT;
579                 }
580                 if (reboot_cpu >= num_possible_cpus()) {
581                     pr_err("Ignoring the CPU number in reboot= option. "
582                            "CPU %d exceeds possible cpu number %d\n",
583                            reboot_cpu, num_possible_cpus());
584                     reboot_cpu = 0;
585                     break;
586                 }
587                 break;
588 
589             case 'g':
590                 *mode = REBOOT_GPIO;
591                 break;
592 
593             case 'b':
594             case 'a':
595             case 'k':
596             case 't':
597             case 'e':
598             case 'p':
599                 reboot_type = *str;
600                 break;
601 
602             case 'f':
603                 reboot_force = 1;
604                 break;
605         }
606 
607         str = strchr(str, ',');
608         if (str) {
609             str++;
610         } else {
611             break;
612         }
613     }
614     return 1;
615 }
616 __setup("reboot=", reboot_setup);
617