• Home
  • Line#
  • Scopes#
  • Navigate#
  • Raw
  • Download
1 /* Float object implementation */
2 
3 /* XXX There should be overflow checks here, but it's hard to check
4    for any kind of float exception without losing portability. */
5 
6 #include "Python.h"
7 #include "pycore_dtoa.h"          // _Py_dg_dtoa()
8 #include "pycore_interp.h"        // _PyInterpreterState.float_state
9 #include "pycore_long.h"          // _PyLong_GetOne()
10 #include "pycore_object.h"        // _PyObject_Init()
11 #include "pycore_pystate.h"       // _PyInterpreterState_GET()
12 
13 #include <ctype.h>
14 #include <float.h>
15 
16 /*[clinic input]
17 class float "PyObject *" "&PyFloat_Type"
18 [clinic start generated code]*/
19 /*[clinic end generated code: output=da39a3ee5e6b4b0d input=dd0003f68f144284]*/
20 
21 #include "clinic/floatobject.c.h"
22 
23 #ifndef PyFloat_MAXFREELIST
24 #  define PyFloat_MAXFREELIST   100
25 #endif
26 
27 
28 static struct _Py_float_state *
get_float_state(void)29 get_float_state(void)
30 {
31     PyInterpreterState *interp = _PyInterpreterState_GET();
32     return &interp->float_state;
33 }
34 
35 
36 double
PyFloat_GetMax(void)37 PyFloat_GetMax(void)
38 {
39     return DBL_MAX;
40 }
41 
42 double
PyFloat_GetMin(void)43 PyFloat_GetMin(void)
44 {
45     return DBL_MIN;
46 }
47 
48 static PyTypeObject FloatInfoType;
49 
50 PyDoc_STRVAR(floatinfo__doc__,
51 "sys.float_info\n\
52 \n\
53 A named tuple holding information about the float type. It contains low level\n\
54 information about the precision and internal representation. Please study\n\
55 your system's :file:`float.h` for more information.");
56 
57 static PyStructSequence_Field floatinfo_fields[] = {
58     {"max",             "DBL_MAX -- maximum representable finite float"},
59     {"max_exp",         "DBL_MAX_EXP -- maximum int e such that radix**(e-1) "
60                     "is representable"},
61     {"max_10_exp",      "DBL_MAX_10_EXP -- maximum int e such that 10**e "
62                     "is representable"},
63     {"min",             "DBL_MIN -- Minimum positive normalized float"},
64     {"min_exp",         "DBL_MIN_EXP -- minimum int e such that radix**(e-1) "
65                     "is a normalized float"},
66     {"min_10_exp",      "DBL_MIN_10_EXP -- minimum int e such that 10**e is "
67                     "a normalized"},
68     {"dig",             "DBL_DIG -- maximum number of decimal digits that "
69                     "can be faithfully represented in a float"},
70     {"mant_dig",        "DBL_MANT_DIG -- mantissa digits"},
71     {"epsilon",         "DBL_EPSILON -- Difference between 1 and the next "
72                     "representable float"},
73     {"radix",           "FLT_RADIX -- radix of exponent"},
74     {"rounds",          "FLT_ROUNDS -- rounding mode used for arithmetic "
75                     "operations"},
76     {0}
77 };
78 
79 static PyStructSequence_Desc floatinfo_desc = {
80     "sys.float_info",           /* name */
81     floatinfo__doc__,           /* doc */
82     floatinfo_fields,           /* fields */
83     11
84 };
85 
86 PyObject *
PyFloat_GetInfo(void)87 PyFloat_GetInfo(void)
88 {
89     PyObject* floatinfo;
90     int pos = 0;
91 
92     floatinfo = PyStructSequence_New(&FloatInfoType);
93     if (floatinfo == NULL) {
94         return NULL;
95     }
96 
97 #define SetIntFlag(flag) \
98     PyStructSequence_SET_ITEM(floatinfo, pos++, PyLong_FromLong(flag))
99 #define SetDblFlag(flag) \
100     PyStructSequence_SET_ITEM(floatinfo, pos++, PyFloat_FromDouble(flag))
101 
102     SetDblFlag(DBL_MAX);
103     SetIntFlag(DBL_MAX_EXP);
104     SetIntFlag(DBL_MAX_10_EXP);
105     SetDblFlag(DBL_MIN);
106     SetIntFlag(DBL_MIN_EXP);
107     SetIntFlag(DBL_MIN_10_EXP);
108     SetIntFlag(DBL_DIG);
109     SetIntFlag(DBL_MANT_DIG);
110     SetDblFlag(DBL_EPSILON);
111     SetIntFlag(FLT_RADIX);
112     SetIntFlag(FLT_ROUNDS);
113 #undef SetIntFlag
114 #undef SetDblFlag
115 
116     if (PyErr_Occurred()) {
117         Py_CLEAR(floatinfo);
118         return NULL;
119     }
120     return floatinfo;
121 }
122 
123 PyObject *
PyFloat_FromDouble(double fval)124 PyFloat_FromDouble(double fval)
125 {
126     struct _Py_float_state *state = get_float_state();
127     PyFloatObject *op = state->free_list;
128     if (op != NULL) {
129 #ifdef Py_DEBUG
130         // PyFloat_FromDouble() must not be called after _PyFloat_Fini()
131         assert(state->numfree != -1);
132 #endif
133         state->free_list = (PyFloatObject *) Py_TYPE(op);
134         state->numfree--;
135     }
136     else {
137         op = PyObject_Malloc(sizeof(PyFloatObject));
138         if (!op) {
139             return PyErr_NoMemory();
140         }
141     }
142     _PyObject_Init((PyObject*)op, &PyFloat_Type);
143     op->ob_fval = fval;
144     return (PyObject *) op;
145 }
146 
147 static PyObject *
float_from_string_inner(const char * s,Py_ssize_t len,void * obj)148 float_from_string_inner(const char *s, Py_ssize_t len, void *obj)
149 {
150     double x;
151     const char *end;
152     const char *last = s + len;
153     /* strip space */
154     while (s < last && Py_ISSPACE(*s)) {
155         s++;
156     }
157 
158     while (s < last - 1 && Py_ISSPACE(last[-1])) {
159         last--;
160     }
161 
162     /* We don't care about overflow or underflow.  If the platform
163      * supports them, infinities and signed zeroes (on underflow) are
164      * fine. */
165     x = PyOS_string_to_double(s, (char **)&end, NULL);
166     if (end != last) {
167         PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
168                      "could not convert string to float: "
169                      "%R", obj);
170         return NULL;
171     }
172     else if (x == -1.0 && PyErr_Occurred()) {
173         return NULL;
174     }
175     else {
176         return PyFloat_FromDouble(x);
177     }
178 }
179 
180 PyObject *
PyFloat_FromString(PyObject * v)181 PyFloat_FromString(PyObject *v)
182 {
183     const char *s;
184     PyObject *s_buffer = NULL;
185     Py_ssize_t len;
186     Py_buffer view = {NULL, NULL};
187     PyObject *result = NULL;
188 
189     if (PyUnicode_Check(v)) {
190         s_buffer = _PyUnicode_TransformDecimalAndSpaceToASCII(v);
191         if (s_buffer == NULL)
192             return NULL;
193         assert(PyUnicode_IS_ASCII(s_buffer));
194         /* Simply get a pointer to existing ASCII characters. */
195         s = PyUnicode_AsUTF8AndSize(s_buffer, &len);
196         assert(s != NULL);
197     }
198     else if (PyBytes_Check(v)) {
199         s = PyBytes_AS_STRING(v);
200         len = PyBytes_GET_SIZE(v);
201     }
202     else if (PyByteArray_Check(v)) {
203         s = PyByteArray_AS_STRING(v);
204         len = PyByteArray_GET_SIZE(v);
205     }
206     else if (PyObject_GetBuffer(v, &view, PyBUF_SIMPLE) == 0) {
207         s = (const char *)view.buf;
208         len = view.len;
209         /* Copy to NUL-terminated buffer. */
210         s_buffer = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(s, len);
211         if (s_buffer == NULL) {
212             PyBuffer_Release(&view);
213             return NULL;
214         }
215         s = PyBytes_AS_STRING(s_buffer);
216     }
217     else {
218         PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
219             "float() argument must be a string or a real number, not '%.200s'",
220             Py_TYPE(v)->tp_name);
221         return NULL;
222     }
223     result = _Py_string_to_number_with_underscores(s, len, "float", v, v,
224                                                    float_from_string_inner);
225     PyBuffer_Release(&view);
226     Py_XDECREF(s_buffer);
227     return result;
228 }
229 
230 static void
float_dealloc(PyFloatObject * op)231 float_dealloc(PyFloatObject *op)
232 {
233     if (PyFloat_CheckExact(op)) {
234         struct _Py_float_state *state = get_float_state();
235 #ifdef Py_DEBUG
236         // float_dealloc() must not be called after _PyFloat_Fini()
237         assert(state->numfree != -1);
238 #endif
239         if (state->numfree >= PyFloat_MAXFREELIST)  {
240             PyObject_Free(op);
241             return;
242         }
243         state->numfree++;
244         Py_SET_TYPE(op, (PyTypeObject *)state->free_list);
245         state->free_list = op;
246     }
247     else {
248         Py_TYPE(op)->tp_free((PyObject *)op);
249     }
250 }
251 
252 double
PyFloat_AsDouble(PyObject * op)253 PyFloat_AsDouble(PyObject *op)
254 {
255     PyNumberMethods *nb;
256     PyObject *res;
257     double val;
258 
259     if (op == NULL) {
260         PyErr_BadArgument();
261         return -1;
262     }
263 
264     if (PyFloat_Check(op)) {
265         return PyFloat_AS_DOUBLE(op);
266     }
267 
268     nb = Py_TYPE(op)->tp_as_number;
269     if (nb == NULL || nb->nb_float == NULL) {
270         if (nb && nb->nb_index) {
271             PyObject *res = _PyNumber_Index(op);
272             if (!res) {
273                 return -1;
274             }
275             double val = PyLong_AsDouble(res);
276             Py_DECREF(res);
277             return val;
278         }
279         PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError, "must be real number, not %.50s",
280                      Py_TYPE(op)->tp_name);
281         return -1;
282     }
283 
284     res = (*nb->nb_float) (op);
285     if (res == NULL) {
286         return -1;
287     }
288     if (!PyFloat_CheckExact(res)) {
289         if (!PyFloat_Check(res)) {
290             PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
291                          "%.50s.__float__ returned non-float (type %.50s)",
292                          Py_TYPE(op)->tp_name, Py_TYPE(res)->tp_name);
293             Py_DECREF(res);
294             return -1;
295         }
296         if (PyErr_WarnFormat(PyExc_DeprecationWarning, 1,
297                 "%.50s.__float__ returned non-float (type %.50s).  "
298                 "The ability to return an instance of a strict subclass of float "
299                 "is deprecated, and may be removed in a future version of Python.",
300                 Py_TYPE(op)->tp_name, Py_TYPE(res)->tp_name)) {
301             Py_DECREF(res);
302             return -1;
303         }
304     }
305 
306     val = PyFloat_AS_DOUBLE(res);
307     Py_DECREF(res);
308     return val;
309 }
310 
311 /* Macro and helper that convert PyObject obj to a C double and store
312    the value in dbl.  If conversion to double raises an exception, obj is
313    set to NULL, and the function invoking this macro returns NULL.  If
314    obj is not of float or int type, Py_NotImplemented is incref'ed,
315    stored in obj, and returned from the function invoking this macro.
316 */
317 #define CONVERT_TO_DOUBLE(obj, dbl)                     \
318     if (PyFloat_Check(obj))                             \
319         dbl = PyFloat_AS_DOUBLE(obj);                   \
320     else if (convert_to_double(&(obj), &(dbl)) < 0)     \
321         return obj;
322 
323 /* Methods */
324 
325 static int
convert_to_double(PyObject ** v,double * dbl)326 convert_to_double(PyObject **v, double *dbl)
327 {
328     PyObject *obj = *v;
329 
330     if (PyLong_Check(obj)) {
331         *dbl = PyLong_AsDouble(obj);
332         if (*dbl == -1.0 && PyErr_Occurred()) {
333             *v = NULL;
334             return -1;
335         }
336     }
337     else {
338         Py_INCREF(Py_NotImplemented);
339         *v = Py_NotImplemented;
340         return -1;
341     }
342     return 0;
343 }
344 
345 static PyObject *
float_repr(PyFloatObject * v)346 float_repr(PyFloatObject *v)
347 {
348     PyObject *result;
349     char *buf;
350 
351     buf = PyOS_double_to_string(PyFloat_AS_DOUBLE(v),
352                                 'r', 0,
353                                 Py_DTSF_ADD_DOT_0,
354                                 NULL);
355     if (!buf)
356         return PyErr_NoMemory();
357     result = _PyUnicode_FromASCII(buf, strlen(buf));
358     PyMem_Free(buf);
359     return result;
360 }
361 
362 /* Comparison is pretty much a nightmare.  When comparing float to float,
363  * we do it as straightforwardly (and long-windedly) as conceivable, so
364  * that, e.g., Python x == y delivers the same result as the platform
365  * C x == y when x and/or y is a NaN.
366  * When mixing float with an integer type, there's no good *uniform* approach.
367  * Converting the double to an integer obviously doesn't work, since we
368  * may lose info from fractional bits.  Converting the integer to a double
369  * also has two failure modes:  (1) an int may trigger overflow (too
370  * large to fit in the dynamic range of a C double); (2) even a C long may have
371  * more bits than fit in a C double (e.g., on a 64-bit box long may have
372  * 63 bits of precision, but a C double probably has only 53), and then
373  * we can falsely claim equality when low-order integer bits are lost by
374  * coercion to double.  So this part is painful too.
375  */
376 
377 static PyObject*
float_richcompare(PyObject * v,PyObject * w,int op)378 float_richcompare(PyObject *v, PyObject *w, int op)
379 {
380     double i, j;
381     int r = 0;
382 
383     assert(PyFloat_Check(v));
384     i = PyFloat_AS_DOUBLE(v);
385 
386     /* Switch on the type of w.  Set i and j to doubles to be compared,
387      * and op to the richcomp to use.
388      */
389     if (PyFloat_Check(w))
390         j = PyFloat_AS_DOUBLE(w);
391 
392     else if (!Py_IS_FINITE(i)) {
393         if (PyLong_Check(w))
394             /* If i is an infinity, its magnitude exceeds any
395              * finite integer, so it doesn't matter which int we
396              * compare i with.  If i is a NaN, similarly.
397              */
398             j = 0.0;
399         else
400             goto Unimplemented;
401     }
402 
403     else if (PyLong_Check(w)) {
404         int vsign = i == 0.0 ? 0 : i < 0.0 ? -1 : 1;
405         int wsign = _PyLong_Sign(w);
406         size_t nbits;
407         int exponent;
408 
409         if (vsign != wsign) {
410             /* Magnitudes are irrelevant -- the signs alone
411              * determine the outcome.
412              */
413             i = (double)vsign;
414             j = (double)wsign;
415             goto Compare;
416         }
417         /* The signs are the same. */
418         /* Convert w to a double if it fits.  In particular, 0 fits. */
419         nbits = _PyLong_NumBits(w);
420         if (nbits == (size_t)-1 && PyErr_Occurred()) {
421             /* This long is so large that size_t isn't big enough
422              * to hold the # of bits.  Replace with little doubles
423              * that give the same outcome -- w is so large that
424              * its magnitude must exceed the magnitude of any
425              * finite float.
426              */
427             PyErr_Clear();
428             i = (double)vsign;
429             assert(wsign != 0);
430             j = wsign * 2.0;
431             goto Compare;
432         }
433         if (nbits <= 48) {
434             j = PyLong_AsDouble(w);
435             /* It's impossible that <= 48 bits overflowed. */
436             assert(j != -1.0 || ! PyErr_Occurred());
437             goto Compare;
438         }
439         assert(wsign != 0); /* else nbits was 0 */
440         assert(vsign != 0); /* if vsign were 0, then since wsign is
441                              * not 0, we would have taken the
442                              * vsign != wsign branch at the start */
443         /* We want to work with non-negative numbers. */
444         if (vsign < 0) {
445             /* "Multiply both sides" by -1; this also swaps the
446              * comparator.
447              */
448             i = -i;
449             op = _Py_SwappedOp[op];
450         }
451         assert(i > 0.0);
452         (void) frexp(i, &exponent);
453         /* exponent is the # of bits in v before the radix point;
454          * we know that nbits (the # of bits in w) > 48 at this point
455          */
456         if (exponent < 0 || (size_t)exponent < nbits) {
457             i = 1.0;
458             j = 2.0;
459             goto Compare;
460         }
461         if ((size_t)exponent > nbits) {
462             i = 2.0;
463             j = 1.0;
464             goto Compare;
465         }
466         /* v and w have the same number of bits before the radix
467          * point.  Construct two ints that have the same comparison
468          * outcome.
469          */
470         {
471             double fracpart;
472             double intpart;
473             PyObject *result = NULL;
474             PyObject *vv = NULL;
475             PyObject *ww = w;
476 
477             if (wsign < 0) {
478                 ww = PyNumber_Negative(w);
479                 if (ww == NULL)
480                     goto Error;
481             }
482             else
483                 Py_INCREF(ww);
484 
485             fracpart = modf(i, &intpart);
486             vv = PyLong_FromDouble(intpart);
487             if (vv == NULL)
488                 goto Error;
489 
490             if (fracpart != 0.0) {
491                 /* Shift left, and or a 1 bit into vv
492                  * to represent the lost fraction.
493                  */
494                 PyObject *temp;
495 
496                 temp = _PyLong_Lshift(ww, 1);
497                 if (temp == NULL)
498                     goto Error;
499                 Py_DECREF(ww);
500                 ww = temp;
501 
502                 temp = _PyLong_Lshift(vv, 1);
503                 if (temp == NULL)
504                     goto Error;
505                 Py_DECREF(vv);
506                 vv = temp;
507 
508                 temp = PyNumber_Or(vv, _PyLong_GetOne());
509                 if (temp == NULL)
510                     goto Error;
511                 Py_DECREF(vv);
512                 vv = temp;
513             }
514 
515             r = PyObject_RichCompareBool(vv, ww, op);
516             if (r < 0)
517                 goto Error;
518             result = PyBool_FromLong(r);
519          Error:
520             Py_XDECREF(vv);
521             Py_XDECREF(ww);
522             return result;
523         }
524     } /* else if (PyLong_Check(w)) */
525 
526     else        /* w isn't float or int */
527         goto Unimplemented;
528 
529  Compare:
530     switch (op) {
531     case Py_EQ:
532         r = i == j;
533         break;
534     case Py_NE:
535         r = i != j;
536         break;
537     case Py_LE:
538         r = i <= j;
539         break;
540     case Py_GE:
541         r = i >= j;
542         break;
543     case Py_LT:
544         r = i < j;
545         break;
546     case Py_GT:
547         r = i > j;
548         break;
549     }
550     return PyBool_FromLong(r);
551 
552  Unimplemented:
553     Py_RETURN_NOTIMPLEMENTED;
554 }
555 
556 static Py_hash_t
float_hash(PyFloatObject * v)557 float_hash(PyFloatObject *v)
558 {
559     return _Py_HashDouble((PyObject *)v, v->ob_fval);
560 }
561 
562 static PyObject *
float_add(PyObject * v,PyObject * w)563 float_add(PyObject *v, PyObject *w)
564 {
565     double a,b;
566     CONVERT_TO_DOUBLE(v, a);
567     CONVERT_TO_DOUBLE(w, b);
568     a = a + b;
569     return PyFloat_FromDouble(a);
570 }
571 
572 static PyObject *
float_sub(PyObject * v,PyObject * w)573 float_sub(PyObject *v, PyObject *w)
574 {
575     double a,b;
576     CONVERT_TO_DOUBLE(v, a);
577     CONVERT_TO_DOUBLE(w, b);
578     a = a - b;
579     return PyFloat_FromDouble(a);
580 }
581 
582 static PyObject *
float_mul(PyObject * v,PyObject * w)583 float_mul(PyObject *v, PyObject *w)
584 {
585     double a,b;
586     CONVERT_TO_DOUBLE(v, a);
587     CONVERT_TO_DOUBLE(w, b);
588     a = a * b;
589     return PyFloat_FromDouble(a);
590 }
591 
592 static PyObject *
float_div(PyObject * v,PyObject * w)593 float_div(PyObject *v, PyObject *w)
594 {
595     double a,b;
596     CONVERT_TO_DOUBLE(v, a);
597     CONVERT_TO_DOUBLE(w, b);
598     if (b == 0.0) {
599         PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ZeroDivisionError,
600                         "float division by zero");
601         return NULL;
602     }
603     a = a / b;
604     return PyFloat_FromDouble(a);
605 }
606 
607 static PyObject *
float_rem(PyObject * v,PyObject * w)608 float_rem(PyObject *v, PyObject *w)
609 {
610     double vx, wx;
611     double mod;
612     CONVERT_TO_DOUBLE(v, vx);
613     CONVERT_TO_DOUBLE(w, wx);
614     if (wx == 0.0) {
615         PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ZeroDivisionError,
616                         "float modulo");
617         return NULL;
618     }
619     mod = fmod(vx, wx);
620     if (mod) {
621         /* ensure the remainder has the same sign as the denominator */
622         if ((wx < 0) != (mod < 0)) {
623             mod += wx;
624         }
625     }
626     else {
627         /* the remainder is zero, and in the presence of signed zeroes
628            fmod returns different results across platforms; ensure
629            it has the same sign as the denominator. */
630         mod = copysign(0.0, wx);
631     }
632     return PyFloat_FromDouble(mod);
633 }
634 
635 static void
_float_div_mod(double vx,double wx,double * floordiv,double * mod)636 _float_div_mod(double vx, double wx, double *floordiv, double *mod)
637 {
638     double div;
639     *mod = fmod(vx, wx);
640     /* fmod is typically exact, so vx-mod is *mathematically* an
641        exact multiple of wx.  But this is fp arithmetic, and fp
642        vx - mod is an approximation; the result is that div may
643        not be an exact integral value after the division, although
644        it will always be very close to one.
645     */
646     div = (vx - *mod) / wx;
647     if (*mod) {
648         /* ensure the remainder has the same sign as the denominator */
649         if ((wx < 0) != (*mod < 0)) {
650             *mod += wx;
651             div -= 1.0;
652         }
653     }
654     else {
655         /* the remainder is zero, and in the presence of signed zeroes
656            fmod returns different results across platforms; ensure
657            it has the same sign as the denominator. */
658         *mod = copysign(0.0, wx);
659     }
660     /* snap quotient to nearest integral value */
661     if (div) {
662         *floordiv = floor(div);
663         if (div - *floordiv > 0.5) {
664             *floordiv += 1.0;
665         }
666     }
667     else {
668         /* div is zero - get the same sign as the true quotient */
669         *floordiv = copysign(0.0, vx / wx); /* zero w/ sign of vx/wx */
670     }
671 }
672 
673 static PyObject *
float_divmod(PyObject * v,PyObject * w)674 float_divmod(PyObject *v, PyObject *w)
675 {
676     double vx, wx;
677     double mod, floordiv;
678     CONVERT_TO_DOUBLE(v, vx);
679     CONVERT_TO_DOUBLE(w, wx);
680     if (wx == 0.0) {
681         PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ZeroDivisionError, "float divmod()");
682         return NULL;
683     }
684     _float_div_mod(vx, wx, &floordiv, &mod);
685     return Py_BuildValue("(dd)", floordiv, mod);
686 }
687 
688 static PyObject *
float_floor_div(PyObject * v,PyObject * w)689 float_floor_div(PyObject *v, PyObject *w)
690 {
691     double vx, wx;
692     double mod, floordiv;
693     CONVERT_TO_DOUBLE(v, vx);
694     CONVERT_TO_DOUBLE(w, wx);
695     if (wx == 0.0) {
696         PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ZeroDivisionError, "float floor division by zero");
697         return NULL;
698     }
699     _float_div_mod(vx, wx, &floordiv, &mod);
700     return PyFloat_FromDouble(floordiv);
701 }
702 
703 /* determine whether x is an odd integer or not;  assumes that
704    x is not an infinity or nan. */
705 #define DOUBLE_IS_ODD_INTEGER(x) (fmod(fabs(x), 2.0) == 1.0)
706 
707 static PyObject *
float_pow(PyObject * v,PyObject * w,PyObject * z)708 float_pow(PyObject *v, PyObject *w, PyObject *z)
709 {
710     double iv, iw, ix;
711     int negate_result = 0;
712 
713     if ((PyObject *)z != Py_None) {
714         PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "pow() 3rd argument not "
715             "allowed unless all arguments are integers");
716         return NULL;
717     }
718 
719     CONVERT_TO_DOUBLE(v, iv);
720     CONVERT_TO_DOUBLE(w, iw);
721 
722     /* Sort out special cases here instead of relying on pow() */
723     if (iw == 0) {              /* v**0 is 1, even 0**0 */
724         return PyFloat_FromDouble(1.0);
725     }
726     if (Py_IS_NAN(iv)) {        /* nan**w = nan, unless w == 0 */
727         return PyFloat_FromDouble(iv);
728     }
729     if (Py_IS_NAN(iw)) {        /* v**nan = nan, unless v == 1; 1**nan = 1 */
730         return PyFloat_FromDouble(iv == 1.0 ? 1.0 : iw);
731     }
732     if (Py_IS_INFINITY(iw)) {
733         /* v**inf is: 0.0 if abs(v) < 1; 1.0 if abs(v) == 1; inf if
734          *     abs(v) > 1 (including case where v infinite)
735          *
736          * v**-inf is: inf if abs(v) < 1; 1.0 if abs(v) == 1; 0.0 if
737          *     abs(v) > 1 (including case where v infinite)
738          */
739         iv = fabs(iv);
740         if (iv == 1.0)
741             return PyFloat_FromDouble(1.0);
742         else if ((iw > 0.0) == (iv > 1.0))
743             return PyFloat_FromDouble(fabs(iw)); /* return inf */
744         else
745             return PyFloat_FromDouble(0.0);
746     }
747     if (Py_IS_INFINITY(iv)) {
748         /* (+-inf)**w is: inf for w positive, 0 for w negative; in
749          *     both cases, we need to add the appropriate sign if w is
750          *     an odd integer.
751          */
752         int iw_is_odd = DOUBLE_IS_ODD_INTEGER(iw);
753         if (iw > 0.0)
754             return PyFloat_FromDouble(iw_is_odd ? iv : fabs(iv));
755         else
756             return PyFloat_FromDouble(iw_is_odd ?
757                                       copysign(0.0, iv) : 0.0);
758     }
759     if (iv == 0.0) {  /* 0**w is: 0 for w positive, 1 for w zero
760                          (already dealt with above), and an error
761                          if w is negative. */
762         int iw_is_odd = DOUBLE_IS_ODD_INTEGER(iw);
763         if (iw < 0.0) {
764             PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ZeroDivisionError,
765                             "0.0 cannot be raised to a "
766                             "negative power");
767             return NULL;
768         }
769         /* use correct sign if iw is odd */
770         return PyFloat_FromDouble(iw_is_odd ? iv : 0.0);
771     }
772 
773     if (iv < 0.0) {
774         /* Whether this is an error is a mess, and bumps into libm
775          * bugs so we have to figure it out ourselves.
776          */
777         if (iw != floor(iw)) {
778             /* Negative numbers raised to fractional powers
779              * become complex.
780              */
781             return PyComplex_Type.tp_as_number->nb_power(v, w, z);
782         }
783         /* iw is an exact integer, albeit perhaps a very large
784          * one.  Replace iv by its absolute value and remember
785          * to negate the pow result if iw is odd.
786          */
787         iv = -iv;
788         negate_result = DOUBLE_IS_ODD_INTEGER(iw);
789     }
790 
791     if (iv == 1.0) { /* 1**w is 1, even 1**inf and 1**nan */
792         /* (-1) ** large_integer also ends up here.  Here's an
793          * extract from the comments for the previous
794          * implementation explaining why this special case is
795          * necessary:
796          *
797          * -1 raised to an exact integer should never be exceptional.
798          * Alas, some libms (chiefly glibc as of early 2003) return
799          * NaN and set EDOM on pow(-1, large_int) if the int doesn't
800          * happen to be representable in a *C* integer.  That's a
801          * bug.
802          */
803         return PyFloat_FromDouble(negate_result ? -1.0 : 1.0);
804     }
805 
806     /* Now iv and iw are finite, iw is nonzero, and iv is
807      * positive and not equal to 1.0.  We finally allow
808      * the platform pow to step in and do the rest.
809      */
810     errno = 0;
811     ix = pow(iv, iw);
812     Py_ADJUST_ERANGE1(ix);
813     if (negate_result)
814         ix = -ix;
815 
816     if (errno != 0) {
817         /* We don't expect any errno value other than ERANGE, but
818          * the range of libm bugs appears unbounded.
819          */
820         PyErr_SetFromErrno(errno == ERANGE ? PyExc_OverflowError :
821                              PyExc_ValueError);
822         return NULL;
823     }
824     return PyFloat_FromDouble(ix);
825 }
826 
827 #undef DOUBLE_IS_ODD_INTEGER
828 
829 static PyObject *
float_neg(PyFloatObject * v)830 float_neg(PyFloatObject *v)
831 {
832     return PyFloat_FromDouble(-v->ob_fval);
833 }
834 
835 static PyObject *
float_abs(PyFloatObject * v)836 float_abs(PyFloatObject *v)
837 {
838     return PyFloat_FromDouble(fabs(v->ob_fval));
839 }
840 
841 static int
float_bool(PyFloatObject * v)842 float_bool(PyFloatObject *v)
843 {
844     return v->ob_fval != 0.0;
845 }
846 
847 /*[clinic input]
848 float.is_integer
849 
850 Return True if the float is an integer.
851 [clinic start generated code]*/
852 
853 static PyObject *
float_is_integer_impl(PyObject * self)854 float_is_integer_impl(PyObject *self)
855 /*[clinic end generated code: output=7112acf95a4d31ea input=311810d3f777e10d]*/
856 {
857     double x = PyFloat_AsDouble(self);
858     PyObject *o;
859 
860     if (x == -1.0 && PyErr_Occurred())
861         return NULL;
862     if (!Py_IS_FINITE(x))
863         Py_RETURN_FALSE;
864     errno = 0;
865     o = (floor(x) == x) ? Py_True : Py_False;
866     if (errno != 0) {
867         PyErr_SetFromErrno(errno == ERANGE ? PyExc_OverflowError :
868                              PyExc_ValueError);
869         return NULL;
870     }
871     Py_INCREF(o);
872     return o;
873 }
874 
875 /*[clinic input]
876 float.__trunc__
877 
878 Return the Integral closest to x between 0 and x.
879 [clinic start generated code]*/
880 
881 static PyObject *
float___trunc___impl(PyObject * self)882 float___trunc___impl(PyObject *self)
883 /*[clinic end generated code: output=dd3e289dd4c6b538 input=591b9ba0d650fdff]*/
884 {
885     return PyLong_FromDouble(PyFloat_AS_DOUBLE(self));
886 }
887 
888 /*[clinic input]
889 float.__floor__
890 
891 Return the floor as an Integral.
892 [clinic start generated code]*/
893 
894 static PyObject *
float___floor___impl(PyObject * self)895 float___floor___impl(PyObject *self)
896 /*[clinic end generated code: output=e0551dbaea8c01d1 input=77bb13eb12e268df]*/
897 {
898     double x = PyFloat_AS_DOUBLE(self);
899     return PyLong_FromDouble(floor(x));
900 }
901 
902 /*[clinic input]
903 float.__ceil__
904 
905 Return the ceiling as an Integral.
906 [clinic start generated code]*/
907 
908 static PyObject *
float___ceil___impl(PyObject * self)909 float___ceil___impl(PyObject *self)
910 /*[clinic end generated code: output=a2fd8858f73736f9 input=79e41ae94aa0a516]*/
911 {
912     double x = PyFloat_AS_DOUBLE(self);
913     return PyLong_FromDouble(ceil(x));
914 }
915 
916 /* double_round: rounds a finite double to the closest multiple of
917    10**-ndigits; here ndigits is within reasonable bounds (typically, -308 <=
918    ndigits <= 323).  Returns a Python float, or sets a Python error and
919    returns NULL on failure (OverflowError and memory errors are possible). */
920 
921 #ifndef PY_NO_SHORT_FLOAT_REPR
922 /* version of double_round that uses the correctly-rounded string<->double
923    conversions from Python/dtoa.c */
924 
925 static PyObject *
double_round(double x,int ndigits)926 double_round(double x, int ndigits) {
927 
928     double rounded;
929     Py_ssize_t buflen, mybuflen=100;
930     char *buf, *buf_end, shortbuf[100], *mybuf=shortbuf;
931     int decpt, sign;
932     PyObject *result = NULL;
933     _Py_SET_53BIT_PRECISION_HEADER;
934 
935     /* round to a decimal string */
936     _Py_SET_53BIT_PRECISION_START;
937     buf = _Py_dg_dtoa(x, 3, ndigits, &decpt, &sign, &buf_end);
938     _Py_SET_53BIT_PRECISION_END;
939     if (buf == NULL) {
940         PyErr_NoMemory();
941         return NULL;
942     }
943 
944     /* Get new buffer if shortbuf is too small.  Space needed <= buf_end -
945     buf + 8: (1 extra for '0', 1 for sign, 5 for exp, 1 for '\0').  */
946     buflen = buf_end - buf;
947     if (buflen + 8 > mybuflen) {
948         mybuflen = buflen+8;
949         mybuf = (char *)PyMem_Malloc(mybuflen);
950         if (mybuf == NULL) {
951             PyErr_NoMemory();
952             goto exit;
953         }
954     }
955     /* copy buf to mybuf, adding exponent, sign and leading 0 */
956     PyOS_snprintf(mybuf, mybuflen, "%s0%se%d", (sign ? "-" : ""),
957                   buf, decpt - (int)buflen);
958 
959     /* and convert the resulting string back to a double */
960     errno = 0;
961     _Py_SET_53BIT_PRECISION_START;
962     rounded = _Py_dg_strtod(mybuf, NULL);
963     _Py_SET_53BIT_PRECISION_END;
964     if (errno == ERANGE && fabs(rounded) >= 1.)
965         PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
966                         "rounded value too large to represent");
967     else
968         result = PyFloat_FromDouble(rounded);
969 
970     /* done computing value;  now clean up */
971     if (mybuf != shortbuf)
972         PyMem_Free(mybuf);
973   exit:
974     _Py_dg_freedtoa(buf);
975     return result;
976 }
977 
978 #else /* PY_NO_SHORT_FLOAT_REPR */
979 
980 /* fallback version, to be used when correctly rounded binary<->decimal
981    conversions aren't available */
982 
983 static PyObject *
double_round(double x,int ndigits)984 double_round(double x, int ndigits) {
985     double pow1, pow2, y, z;
986     if (ndigits >= 0) {
987         if (ndigits > 22) {
988             /* pow1 and pow2 are each safe from overflow, but
989                pow1*pow2 ~= pow(10.0, ndigits) might overflow */
990             pow1 = pow(10.0, (double)(ndigits-22));
991             pow2 = 1e22;
992         }
993         else {
994             pow1 = pow(10.0, (double)ndigits);
995             pow2 = 1.0;
996         }
997         y = (x*pow1)*pow2;
998         /* if y overflows, then rounded value is exactly x */
999         if (!Py_IS_FINITE(y))
1000             return PyFloat_FromDouble(x);
1001     }
1002     else {
1003         pow1 = pow(10.0, (double)-ndigits);
1004         pow2 = 1.0; /* unused; silences a gcc compiler warning */
1005         y = x / pow1;
1006     }
1007 
1008     z = round(y);
1009     if (fabs(y-z) == 0.5)
1010         /* halfway between two integers; use round-half-even */
1011         z = 2.0*round(y/2.0);
1012 
1013     if (ndigits >= 0)
1014         z = (z / pow2) / pow1;
1015     else
1016         z *= pow1;
1017 
1018     /* if computation resulted in overflow, raise OverflowError */
1019     if (!Py_IS_FINITE(z)) {
1020         PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
1021                         "overflow occurred during round");
1022         return NULL;
1023     }
1024 
1025     return PyFloat_FromDouble(z);
1026 }
1027 
1028 #endif /* PY_NO_SHORT_FLOAT_REPR */
1029 
1030 /* round a Python float v to the closest multiple of 10**-ndigits */
1031 
1032 /*[clinic input]
1033 float.__round__
1034 
1035     ndigits as o_ndigits: object = None
1036     /
1037 
1038 Return the Integral closest to x, rounding half toward even.
1039 
1040 When an argument is passed, work like built-in round(x, ndigits).
1041 [clinic start generated code]*/
1042 
1043 static PyObject *
float___round___impl(PyObject * self,PyObject * o_ndigits)1044 float___round___impl(PyObject *self, PyObject *o_ndigits)
1045 /*[clinic end generated code: output=374c36aaa0f13980 input=fc0fe25924fbc9ed]*/
1046 {
1047     double x, rounded;
1048     Py_ssize_t ndigits;
1049 
1050     x = PyFloat_AsDouble(self);
1051     if (o_ndigits == Py_None) {
1052         /* single-argument round or with None ndigits:
1053          * round to nearest integer */
1054         rounded = round(x);
1055         if (fabs(x-rounded) == 0.5)
1056             /* halfway case: round to even */
1057             rounded = 2.0*round(x/2.0);
1058         return PyLong_FromDouble(rounded);
1059     }
1060 
1061     /* interpret second argument as a Py_ssize_t; clips on overflow */
1062     ndigits = PyNumber_AsSsize_t(o_ndigits, NULL);
1063     if (ndigits == -1 && PyErr_Occurred())
1064         return NULL;
1065 
1066     /* nans and infinities round to themselves */
1067     if (!Py_IS_FINITE(x))
1068         return PyFloat_FromDouble(x);
1069 
1070     /* Deal with extreme values for ndigits. For ndigits > NDIGITS_MAX, x
1071        always rounds to itself.  For ndigits < NDIGITS_MIN, x always
1072        rounds to +-0.0.  Here 0.30103 is an upper bound for log10(2). */
1073 #define NDIGITS_MAX ((int)((DBL_MANT_DIG-DBL_MIN_EXP) * 0.30103))
1074 #define NDIGITS_MIN (-(int)((DBL_MAX_EXP + 1) * 0.30103))
1075     if (ndigits > NDIGITS_MAX)
1076         /* return x */
1077         return PyFloat_FromDouble(x);
1078     else if (ndigits < NDIGITS_MIN)
1079         /* return 0.0, but with sign of x */
1080         return PyFloat_FromDouble(0.0*x);
1081     else
1082         /* finite x, and ndigits is not unreasonably large */
1083         return double_round(x, (int)ndigits);
1084 #undef NDIGITS_MAX
1085 #undef NDIGITS_MIN
1086 }
1087 
1088 static PyObject *
float_float(PyObject * v)1089 float_float(PyObject *v)
1090 {
1091     if (PyFloat_CheckExact(v))
1092         Py_INCREF(v);
1093     else
1094         v = PyFloat_FromDouble(((PyFloatObject *)v)->ob_fval);
1095     return v;
1096 }
1097 
1098 /*[clinic input]
1099 float.conjugate
1100 
1101 Return self, the complex conjugate of any float.
1102 [clinic start generated code]*/
1103 
1104 static PyObject *
float_conjugate_impl(PyObject * self)1105 float_conjugate_impl(PyObject *self)
1106 /*[clinic end generated code: output=8ca292c2479194af input=82ba6f37a9ff91dd]*/
1107 {
1108     return float_float(self);
1109 }
1110 
1111 /* turn ASCII hex characters into integer values and vice versa */
1112 
1113 static char
char_from_hex(int x)1114 char_from_hex(int x)
1115 {
1116     assert(0 <= x && x < 16);
1117     return Py_hexdigits[x];
1118 }
1119 
1120 static int
hex_from_char(char c)1121 hex_from_char(char c) {
1122     int x;
1123     switch(c) {
1124     case '0':
1125         x = 0;
1126         break;
1127     case '1':
1128         x = 1;
1129         break;
1130     case '2':
1131         x = 2;
1132         break;
1133     case '3':
1134         x = 3;
1135         break;
1136     case '4':
1137         x = 4;
1138         break;
1139     case '5':
1140         x = 5;
1141         break;
1142     case '6':
1143         x = 6;
1144         break;
1145     case '7':
1146         x = 7;
1147         break;
1148     case '8':
1149         x = 8;
1150         break;
1151     case '9':
1152         x = 9;
1153         break;
1154     case 'a':
1155     case 'A':
1156         x = 10;
1157         break;
1158     case 'b':
1159     case 'B':
1160         x = 11;
1161         break;
1162     case 'c':
1163     case 'C':
1164         x = 12;
1165         break;
1166     case 'd':
1167     case 'D':
1168         x = 13;
1169         break;
1170     case 'e':
1171     case 'E':
1172         x = 14;
1173         break;
1174     case 'f':
1175     case 'F':
1176         x = 15;
1177         break;
1178     default:
1179         x = -1;
1180         break;
1181     }
1182     return x;
1183 }
1184 
1185 /* convert a float to a hexadecimal string */
1186 
1187 /* TOHEX_NBITS is DBL_MANT_DIG rounded up to the next integer
1188    of the form 4k+1. */
1189 #define TOHEX_NBITS DBL_MANT_DIG + 3 - (DBL_MANT_DIG+2)%4
1190 
1191 /*[clinic input]
1192 float.hex
1193 
1194 Return a hexadecimal representation of a floating-point number.
1195 
1196 >>> (-0.1).hex()
1197 '-0x1.999999999999ap-4'
1198 >>> 3.14159.hex()
1199 '0x1.921f9f01b866ep+1'
1200 [clinic start generated code]*/
1201 
1202 static PyObject *
float_hex_impl(PyObject * self)1203 float_hex_impl(PyObject *self)
1204 /*[clinic end generated code: output=0ebc9836e4d302d4 input=bec1271a33d47e67]*/
1205 {
1206     double x, m;
1207     int e, shift, i, si, esign;
1208     /* Space for 1+(TOHEX_NBITS-1)/4 digits, a decimal point, and the
1209        trailing NUL byte. */
1210     char s[(TOHEX_NBITS-1)/4+3];
1211 
1212     CONVERT_TO_DOUBLE(self, x);
1213 
1214     if (Py_IS_NAN(x) || Py_IS_INFINITY(x))
1215         return float_repr((PyFloatObject *)self);
1216 
1217     if (x == 0.0) {
1218         if (copysign(1.0, x) == -1.0)
1219             return PyUnicode_FromString("-0x0.0p+0");
1220         else
1221             return PyUnicode_FromString("0x0.0p+0");
1222     }
1223 
1224     m = frexp(fabs(x), &e);
1225     shift = 1 - Py_MAX(DBL_MIN_EXP - e, 0);
1226     m = ldexp(m, shift);
1227     e -= shift;
1228 
1229     si = 0;
1230     s[si] = char_from_hex((int)m);
1231     si++;
1232     m -= (int)m;
1233     s[si] = '.';
1234     si++;
1235     for (i=0; i < (TOHEX_NBITS-1)/4; i++) {
1236         m *= 16.0;
1237         s[si] = char_from_hex((int)m);
1238         si++;
1239         m -= (int)m;
1240     }
1241     s[si] = '\0';
1242 
1243     if (e < 0) {
1244         esign = (int)'-';
1245         e = -e;
1246     }
1247     else
1248         esign = (int)'+';
1249 
1250     if (x < 0.0)
1251         return PyUnicode_FromFormat("-0x%sp%c%d", s, esign, e);
1252     else
1253         return PyUnicode_FromFormat("0x%sp%c%d", s, esign, e);
1254 }
1255 
1256 /* Convert a hexadecimal string to a float. */
1257 
1258 /*[clinic input]
1259 @classmethod
1260 float.fromhex
1261 
1262     string: object
1263     /
1264 
1265 Create a floating-point number from a hexadecimal string.
1266 
1267 >>> float.fromhex('0x1.ffffp10')
1268 2047.984375
1269 >>> float.fromhex('-0x1p-1074')
1270 -5e-324
1271 [clinic start generated code]*/
1272 
1273 static PyObject *
float_fromhex(PyTypeObject * type,PyObject * string)1274 float_fromhex(PyTypeObject *type, PyObject *string)
1275 /*[clinic end generated code: output=46c0274d22b78e82 input=0407bebd354bca89]*/
1276 {
1277     PyObject *result;
1278     double x;
1279     long exp, top_exp, lsb, key_digit;
1280     const char *s, *coeff_start, *s_store, *coeff_end, *exp_start, *s_end;
1281     int half_eps, digit, round_up, negate=0;
1282     Py_ssize_t length, ndigits, fdigits, i;
1283 
1284     /*
1285      * For the sake of simplicity and correctness, we impose an artificial
1286      * limit on ndigits, the total number of hex digits in the coefficient
1287      * The limit is chosen to ensure that, writing exp for the exponent,
1288      *
1289      *   (1) if exp > LONG_MAX/2 then the value of the hex string is
1290      *   guaranteed to overflow (provided it's nonzero)
1291      *
1292      *   (2) if exp < LONG_MIN/2 then the value of the hex string is
1293      *   guaranteed to underflow to 0.
1294      *
1295      *   (3) if LONG_MIN/2 <= exp <= LONG_MAX/2 then there's no danger of
1296      *   overflow in the calculation of exp and top_exp below.
1297      *
1298      * More specifically, ndigits is assumed to satisfy the following
1299      * inequalities:
1300      *
1301      *   4*ndigits <= DBL_MIN_EXP - DBL_MANT_DIG - LONG_MIN/2
1302      *   4*ndigits <= LONG_MAX/2 + 1 - DBL_MAX_EXP
1303      *
1304      * If either of these inequalities is not satisfied, a ValueError is
1305      * raised.  Otherwise, write x for the value of the hex string, and
1306      * assume x is nonzero.  Then
1307      *
1308      *   2**(exp-4*ndigits) <= |x| < 2**(exp+4*ndigits).
1309      *
1310      * Now if exp > LONG_MAX/2 then:
1311      *
1312      *   exp - 4*ndigits >= LONG_MAX/2 + 1 - (LONG_MAX/2 + 1 - DBL_MAX_EXP)
1313      *                    = DBL_MAX_EXP
1314      *
1315      * so |x| >= 2**DBL_MAX_EXP, which is too large to be stored in C
1316      * double, so overflows.  If exp < LONG_MIN/2, then
1317      *
1318      *   exp + 4*ndigits <= LONG_MIN/2 - 1 + (
1319      *                      DBL_MIN_EXP - DBL_MANT_DIG - LONG_MIN/2)
1320      *                    = DBL_MIN_EXP - DBL_MANT_DIG - 1
1321      *
1322      * and so |x| < 2**(DBL_MIN_EXP-DBL_MANT_DIG-1), hence underflows to 0
1323      * when converted to a C double.
1324      *
1325      * It's easy to show that if LONG_MIN/2 <= exp <= LONG_MAX/2 then both
1326      * exp+4*ndigits and exp-4*ndigits are within the range of a long.
1327      */
1328 
1329     s = PyUnicode_AsUTF8AndSize(string, &length);
1330     if (s == NULL)
1331         return NULL;
1332     s_end = s + length;
1333 
1334     /********************
1335      * Parse the string *
1336      ********************/
1337 
1338     /* leading whitespace */
1339     while (Py_ISSPACE(*s))
1340         s++;
1341 
1342     /* infinities and nans */
1343     x = _Py_parse_inf_or_nan(s, (char **)&coeff_end);
1344     if (coeff_end != s) {
1345         s = coeff_end;
1346         goto finished;
1347     }
1348 
1349     /* optional sign */
1350     if (*s == '-') {
1351         s++;
1352         negate = 1;
1353     }
1354     else if (*s == '+')
1355         s++;
1356 
1357     /* [0x] */
1358     s_store = s;
1359     if (*s == '0') {
1360         s++;
1361         if (*s == 'x' || *s == 'X')
1362             s++;
1363         else
1364             s = s_store;
1365     }
1366 
1367     /* coefficient: <integer> [. <fraction>] */
1368     coeff_start = s;
1369     while (hex_from_char(*s) >= 0)
1370         s++;
1371     s_store = s;
1372     if (*s == '.') {
1373         s++;
1374         while (hex_from_char(*s) >= 0)
1375             s++;
1376         coeff_end = s-1;
1377     }
1378     else
1379         coeff_end = s;
1380 
1381     /* ndigits = total # of hex digits; fdigits = # after point */
1382     ndigits = coeff_end - coeff_start;
1383     fdigits = coeff_end - s_store;
1384     if (ndigits == 0)
1385         goto parse_error;
1386     if (ndigits > Py_MIN(DBL_MIN_EXP - DBL_MANT_DIG - LONG_MIN/2,
1387                          LONG_MAX/2 + 1 - DBL_MAX_EXP)/4)
1388         goto insane_length_error;
1389 
1390     /* [p <exponent>] */
1391     if (*s == 'p' || *s == 'P') {
1392         s++;
1393         exp_start = s;
1394         if (*s == '-' || *s == '+')
1395             s++;
1396         if (!('0' <= *s && *s <= '9'))
1397             goto parse_error;
1398         s++;
1399         while ('0' <= *s && *s <= '9')
1400             s++;
1401         exp = strtol(exp_start, NULL, 10);
1402     }
1403     else
1404         exp = 0;
1405 
1406 /* for 0 <= j < ndigits, HEX_DIGIT(j) gives the jth most significant digit */
1407 #define HEX_DIGIT(j) hex_from_char(*((j) < fdigits ?            \
1408                      coeff_end-(j) :                                    \
1409                      coeff_end-1-(j)))
1410 
1411     /*******************************************
1412      * Compute rounded value of the hex string *
1413      *******************************************/
1414 
1415     /* Discard leading zeros, and catch extreme overflow and underflow */
1416     while (ndigits > 0 && HEX_DIGIT(ndigits-1) == 0)
1417         ndigits--;
1418     if (ndigits == 0 || exp < LONG_MIN/2) {
1419         x = 0.0;
1420         goto finished;
1421     }
1422     if (exp > LONG_MAX/2)
1423         goto overflow_error;
1424 
1425     /* Adjust exponent for fractional part. */
1426     exp = exp - 4*((long)fdigits);
1427 
1428     /* top_exp = 1 more than exponent of most sig. bit of coefficient */
1429     top_exp = exp + 4*((long)ndigits - 1);
1430     for (digit = HEX_DIGIT(ndigits-1); digit != 0; digit /= 2)
1431         top_exp++;
1432 
1433     /* catch almost all nonextreme cases of overflow and underflow here */
1434     if (top_exp < DBL_MIN_EXP - DBL_MANT_DIG) {
1435         x = 0.0;
1436         goto finished;
1437     }
1438     if (top_exp > DBL_MAX_EXP)
1439         goto overflow_error;
1440 
1441     /* lsb = exponent of least significant bit of the *rounded* value.
1442        This is top_exp - DBL_MANT_DIG unless result is subnormal. */
1443     lsb = Py_MAX(top_exp, (long)DBL_MIN_EXP) - DBL_MANT_DIG;
1444 
1445     x = 0.0;
1446     if (exp >= lsb) {
1447         /* no rounding required */
1448         for (i = ndigits-1; i >= 0; i--)
1449             x = 16.0*x + HEX_DIGIT(i);
1450         x = ldexp(x, (int)(exp));
1451         goto finished;
1452     }
1453     /* rounding required.  key_digit is the index of the hex digit
1454        containing the first bit to be rounded away. */
1455     half_eps = 1 << (int)((lsb - exp - 1) % 4);
1456     key_digit = (lsb - exp - 1) / 4;
1457     for (i = ndigits-1; i > key_digit; i--)
1458         x = 16.0*x + HEX_DIGIT(i);
1459     digit = HEX_DIGIT(key_digit);
1460     x = 16.0*x + (double)(digit & (16-2*half_eps));
1461 
1462     /* round-half-even: round up if bit lsb-1 is 1 and at least one of
1463        bits lsb, lsb-2, lsb-3, lsb-4, ... is 1. */
1464     if ((digit & half_eps) != 0) {
1465         round_up = 0;
1466         if ((digit & (3*half_eps-1)) != 0 || (half_eps == 8 &&
1467                 key_digit+1 < ndigits && (HEX_DIGIT(key_digit+1) & 1) != 0))
1468             round_up = 1;
1469         else
1470             for (i = key_digit-1; i >= 0; i--)
1471                 if (HEX_DIGIT(i) != 0) {
1472                     round_up = 1;
1473                     break;
1474                 }
1475         if (round_up) {
1476             x += 2*half_eps;
1477             if (top_exp == DBL_MAX_EXP &&
1478                 x == ldexp((double)(2*half_eps), DBL_MANT_DIG))
1479                 /* overflow corner case: pre-rounded value <
1480                    2**DBL_MAX_EXP; rounded=2**DBL_MAX_EXP. */
1481                 goto overflow_error;
1482         }
1483     }
1484     x = ldexp(x, (int)(exp+4*key_digit));
1485 
1486   finished:
1487     /* optional trailing whitespace leading to the end of the string */
1488     while (Py_ISSPACE(*s))
1489         s++;
1490     if (s != s_end)
1491         goto parse_error;
1492     result = PyFloat_FromDouble(negate ? -x : x);
1493     if (type != &PyFloat_Type && result != NULL) {
1494         Py_SETREF(result, PyObject_CallOneArg((PyObject *)type, result));
1495     }
1496     return result;
1497 
1498   overflow_error:
1499     PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
1500                     "hexadecimal value too large to represent as a float");
1501     return NULL;
1502 
1503   parse_error:
1504     PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
1505                     "invalid hexadecimal floating-point string");
1506     return NULL;
1507 
1508   insane_length_error:
1509     PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
1510                     "hexadecimal string too long to convert");
1511     return NULL;
1512 }
1513 
1514 /*[clinic input]
1515 float.as_integer_ratio
1516 
1517 Return integer ratio.
1518 
1519 Return a pair of integers, whose ratio is exactly equal to the original float
1520 and with a positive denominator.
1521 
1522 Raise OverflowError on infinities and a ValueError on NaNs.
1523 
1524 >>> (10.0).as_integer_ratio()
1525 (10, 1)
1526 >>> (0.0).as_integer_ratio()
1527 (0, 1)
1528 >>> (-.25).as_integer_ratio()
1529 (-1, 4)
1530 [clinic start generated code]*/
1531 
1532 static PyObject *
float_as_integer_ratio_impl(PyObject * self)1533 float_as_integer_ratio_impl(PyObject *self)
1534 /*[clinic end generated code: output=65f25f0d8d30a712 input=e21d08b4630c2e44]*/
1535 {
1536     double self_double;
1537     double float_part;
1538     int exponent;
1539     int i;
1540 
1541     PyObject *py_exponent = NULL;
1542     PyObject *numerator = NULL;
1543     PyObject *denominator = NULL;
1544     PyObject *result_pair = NULL;
1545     PyNumberMethods *long_methods = PyLong_Type.tp_as_number;
1546 
1547     CONVERT_TO_DOUBLE(self, self_double);
1548 
1549     if (Py_IS_INFINITY(self_double)) {
1550         PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
1551                         "cannot convert Infinity to integer ratio");
1552         return NULL;
1553     }
1554     if (Py_IS_NAN(self_double)) {
1555         PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
1556                         "cannot convert NaN to integer ratio");
1557         return NULL;
1558     }
1559 
1560     float_part = frexp(self_double, &exponent);        /* self_double == float_part * 2**exponent exactly */
1561 
1562     for (i=0; i<300 && float_part != floor(float_part) ; i++) {
1563         float_part *= 2.0;
1564         exponent--;
1565     }
1566     /* self == float_part * 2**exponent exactly and float_part is integral.
1567        If FLT_RADIX != 2, the 300 steps may leave a tiny fractional part
1568        to be truncated by PyLong_FromDouble(). */
1569 
1570     numerator = PyLong_FromDouble(float_part);
1571     if (numerator == NULL)
1572         goto error;
1573     denominator = PyLong_FromLong(1);
1574     if (denominator == NULL)
1575         goto error;
1576     py_exponent = PyLong_FromLong(Py_ABS(exponent));
1577     if (py_exponent == NULL)
1578         goto error;
1579 
1580     /* fold in 2**exponent */
1581     if (exponent > 0) {
1582         Py_SETREF(numerator,
1583                   long_methods->nb_lshift(numerator, py_exponent));
1584         if (numerator == NULL)
1585             goto error;
1586     }
1587     else {
1588         Py_SETREF(denominator,
1589                   long_methods->nb_lshift(denominator, py_exponent));
1590         if (denominator == NULL)
1591             goto error;
1592     }
1593 
1594     result_pair = PyTuple_Pack(2, numerator, denominator);
1595 
1596 error:
1597     Py_XDECREF(py_exponent);
1598     Py_XDECREF(denominator);
1599     Py_XDECREF(numerator);
1600     return result_pair;
1601 }
1602 
1603 static PyObject *
1604 float_subtype_new(PyTypeObject *type, PyObject *x);
1605 
1606 /*[clinic input]
1607 @classmethod
1608 float.__new__ as float_new
1609     x: object(c_default="NULL") = 0
1610     /
1611 
1612 Convert a string or number to a floating point number, if possible.
1613 [clinic start generated code]*/
1614 
1615 static PyObject *
float_new_impl(PyTypeObject * type,PyObject * x)1616 float_new_impl(PyTypeObject *type, PyObject *x)
1617 /*[clinic end generated code: output=ccf1e8dc460ba6ba input=f43661b7de03e9d8]*/
1618 {
1619     if (type != &PyFloat_Type) {
1620         if (x == NULL) {
1621             x = _PyLong_GetZero();
1622         }
1623         return float_subtype_new(type, x); /* Wimp out */
1624     }
1625 
1626     if (x == NULL) {
1627         return PyFloat_FromDouble(0.0);
1628     }
1629     /* If it's a string, but not a string subclass, use
1630        PyFloat_FromString. */
1631     if (PyUnicode_CheckExact(x))
1632         return PyFloat_FromString(x);
1633     return PyNumber_Float(x);
1634 }
1635 
1636 /* Wimpy, slow approach to tp_new calls for subtypes of float:
1637    first create a regular float from whatever arguments we got,
1638    then allocate a subtype instance and initialize its ob_fval
1639    from the regular float.  The regular float is then thrown away.
1640 */
1641 static PyObject *
float_subtype_new(PyTypeObject * type,PyObject * x)1642 float_subtype_new(PyTypeObject *type, PyObject *x)
1643 {
1644     PyObject *tmp, *newobj;
1645 
1646     assert(PyType_IsSubtype(type, &PyFloat_Type));
1647     tmp = float_new_impl(&PyFloat_Type, x);
1648     if (tmp == NULL)
1649         return NULL;
1650     assert(PyFloat_Check(tmp));
1651     newobj = type->tp_alloc(type, 0);
1652     if (newobj == NULL) {
1653         Py_DECREF(tmp);
1654         return NULL;
1655     }
1656     ((PyFloatObject *)newobj)->ob_fval = ((PyFloatObject *)tmp)->ob_fval;
1657     Py_DECREF(tmp);
1658     return newobj;
1659 }
1660 
1661 static PyObject *
float_vectorcall(PyObject * type,PyObject * const * args,size_t nargsf,PyObject * kwnames)1662 float_vectorcall(PyObject *type, PyObject * const*args,
1663                  size_t nargsf, PyObject *kwnames)
1664 {
1665     if (!_PyArg_NoKwnames("float", kwnames)) {
1666         return NULL;
1667     }
1668 
1669     Py_ssize_t nargs = PyVectorcall_NARGS(nargsf);
1670     if (!_PyArg_CheckPositional("float", nargs, 0, 1)) {
1671         return NULL;
1672     }
1673 
1674     PyObject *x = nargs >= 1 ? args[0] : NULL;
1675     return float_new_impl((PyTypeObject *)type, x);
1676 }
1677 
1678 
1679 /*[clinic input]
1680 float.__getnewargs__
1681 [clinic start generated code]*/
1682 
1683 static PyObject *
float___getnewargs___impl(PyObject * self)1684 float___getnewargs___impl(PyObject *self)
1685 /*[clinic end generated code: output=873258c9d206b088 input=002279d1d77891e6]*/
1686 {
1687     return Py_BuildValue("(d)", ((PyFloatObject *)self)->ob_fval);
1688 }
1689 
1690 /* this is for the benefit of the pack/unpack routines below */
1691 
1692 typedef enum {
1693     unknown_format, ieee_big_endian_format, ieee_little_endian_format
1694 } float_format_type;
1695 
1696 static float_format_type double_format, float_format;
1697 static float_format_type detected_double_format, detected_float_format;
1698 
1699 /*[clinic input]
1700 @classmethod
1701 float.__getformat__
1702 
1703     typestr: str
1704         Must be 'double' or 'float'.
1705     /
1706 
1707 You probably don't want to use this function.
1708 
1709 It exists mainly to be used in Python's test suite.
1710 
1711 This function returns whichever of 'unknown', 'IEEE, big-endian' or 'IEEE,
1712 little-endian' best describes the format of floating point numbers used by the
1713 C type named by typestr.
1714 [clinic start generated code]*/
1715 
1716 static PyObject *
float___getformat___impl(PyTypeObject * type,const char * typestr)1717 float___getformat___impl(PyTypeObject *type, const char *typestr)
1718 /*[clinic end generated code: output=2bfb987228cc9628 input=d5a52600f835ad67]*/
1719 {
1720     float_format_type r;
1721 
1722     if (strcmp(typestr, "double") == 0) {
1723         r = double_format;
1724     }
1725     else if (strcmp(typestr, "float") == 0) {
1726         r = float_format;
1727     }
1728     else {
1729         PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
1730                         "__getformat__() argument 1 must be "
1731                         "'double' or 'float'");
1732         return NULL;
1733     }
1734 
1735     switch (r) {
1736     case unknown_format:
1737         return PyUnicode_FromString("unknown");
1738     case ieee_little_endian_format:
1739         return PyUnicode_FromString("IEEE, little-endian");
1740     case ieee_big_endian_format:
1741         return PyUnicode_FromString("IEEE, big-endian");
1742     default:
1743         PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError,
1744                         "insane float_format or double_format");
1745         return NULL;
1746     }
1747 }
1748 
1749 /*[clinic input]
1750 @classmethod
1751 float.__set_format__
1752 
1753     typestr: str
1754         Must be 'double' or 'float'.
1755     fmt: str
1756         Must be one of 'unknown', 'IEEE, big-endian' or 'IEEE, little-endian',
1757         and in addition can only be one of the latter two if it appears to
1758         match the underlying C reality.
1759     /
1760 
1761 You probably don't want to use this function.
1762 
1763 It exists mainly to be used in Python's test suite.
1764 
1765 Override the automatic determination of C-level floating point type.
1766 This affects how floats are converted to and from binary strings.
1767 [clinic start generated code]*/
1768 
1769 static PyObject *
float___set_format___impl(PyTypeObject * type,const char * typestr,const char * fmt)1770 float___set_format___impl(PyTypeObject *type, const char *typestr,
1771                           const char *fmt)
1772 /*[clinic end generated code: output=504460f5dc85acbd input=5306fa2b81a997e4]*/
1773 {
1774     float_format_type f;
1775     float_format_type detected;
1776     float_format_type *p;
1777 
1778     if (strcmp(typestr, "double") == 0) {
1779         p = &double_format;
1780         detected = detected_double_format;
1781     }
1782     else if (strcmp(typestr, "float") == 0) {
1783         p = &float_format;
1784         detected = detected_float_format;
1785     }
1786     else {
1787         PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
1788                         "__setformat__() argument 1 must "
1789                         "be 'double' or 'float'");
1790         return NULL;
1791     }
1792 
1793     if (strcmp(fmt, "unknown") == 0) {
1794         f = unknown_format;
1795     }
1796     else if (strcmp(fmt, "IEEE, little-endian") == 0) {
1797         f = ieee_little_endian_format;
1798     }
1799     else if (strcmp(fmt, "IEEE, big-endian") == 0) {
1800         f = ieee_big_endian_format;
1801     }
1802     else {
1803         PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
1804                         "__setformat__() argument 2 must be "
1805                         "'unknown', 'IEEE, little-endian' or "
1806                         "'IEEE, big-endian'");
1807         return NULL;
1808 
1809     }
1810 
1811     if (f != unknown_format && f != detected) {
1812         PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
1813                      "can only set %s format to 'unknown' or the "
1814                      "detected platform value", typestr);
1815         return NULL;
1816     }
1817 
1818     *p = f;
1819     Py_RETURN_NONE;
1820 }
1821 
1822 static PyObject *
float_getreal(PyObject * v,void * closure)1823 float_getreal(PyObject *v, void *closure)
1824 {
1825     return float_float(v);
1826 }
1827 
1828 static PyObject *
float_getimag(PyObject * v,void * closure)1829 float_getimag(PyObject *v, void *closure)
1830 {
1831     return PyFloat_FromDouble(0.0);
1832 }
1833 
1834 /*[clinic input]
1835 float.__format__
1836 
1837   format_spec: unicode
1838   /
1839 
1840 Formats the float according to format_spec.
1841 [clinic start generated code]*/
1842 
1843 static PyObject *
float___format___impl(PyObject * self,PyObject * format_spec)1844 float___format___impl(PyObject *self, PyObject *format_spec)
1845 /*[clinic end generated code: output=b260e52a47eade56 input=2ece1052211fd0e6]*/
1846 {
1847     _PyUnicodeWriter writer;
1848     int ret;
1849 
1850     _PyUnicodeWriter_Init(&writer);
1851     ret = _PyFloat_FormatAdvancedWriter(
1852         &writer,
1853         self,
1854         format_spec, 0, PyUnicode_GET_LENGTH(format_spec));
1855     if (ret == -1) {
1856         _PyUnicodeWriter_Dealloc(&writer);
1857         return NULL;
1858     }
1859     return _PyUnicodeWriter_Finish(&writer);
1860 }
1861 
1862 static PyMethodDef float_methods[] = {
1863     FLOAT_CONJUGATE_METHODDEF
1864     FLOAT___TRUNC___METHODDEF
1865     FLOAT___FLOOR___METHODDEF
1866     FLOAT___CEIL___METHODDEF
1867     FLOAT___ROUND___METHODDEF
1868     FLOAT_AS_INTEGER_RATIO_METHODDEF
1869     FLOAT_FROMHEX_METHODDEF
1870     FLOAT_HEX_METHODDEF
1871     FLOAT_IS_INTEGER_METHODDEF
1872     FLOAT___GETNEWARGS___METHODDEF
1873     FLOAT___GETFORMAT___METHODDEF
1874     FLOAT___SET_FORMAT___METHODDEF
1875     FLOAT___FORMAT___METHODDEF
1876     {NULL,              NULL}           /* sentinel */
1877 };
1878 
1879 static PyGetSetDef float_getset[] = {
1880     {"real",
1881      float_getreal, (setter)NULL,
1882      "the real part of a complex number",
1883      NULL},
1884     {"imag",
1885      float_getimag, (setter)NULL,
1886      "the imaginary part of a complex number",
1887      NULL},
1888     {NULL}  /* Sentinel */
1889 };
1890 
1891 
1892 static PyNumberMethods float_as_number = {
1893     float_add,          /* nb_add */
1894     float_sub,          /* nb_subtract */
1895     float_mul,          /* nb_multiply */
1896     float_rem,          /* nb_remainder */
1897     float_divmod,       /* nb_divmod */
1898     float_pow,          /* nb_power */
1899     (unaryfunc)float_neg, /* nb_negative */
1900     float_float,        /* nb_positive */
1901     (unaryfunc)float_abs, /* nb_absolute */
1902     (inquiry)float_bool, /* nb_bool */
1903     0,                  /* nb_invert */
1904     0,                  /* nb_lshift */
1905     0,                  /* nb_rshift */
1906     0,                  /* nb_and */
1907     0,                  /* nb_xor */
1908     0,                  /* nb_or */
1909     float___trunc___impl, /* nb_int */
1910     0,                  /* nb_reserved */
1911     float_float,        /* nb_float */
1912     0,                  /* nb_inplace_add */
1913     0,                  /* nb_inplace_subtract */
1914     0,                  /* nb_inplace_multiply */
1915     0,                  /* nb_inplace_remainder */
1916     0,                  /* nb_inplace_power */
1917     0,                  /* nb_inplace_lshift */
1918     0,                  /* nb_inplace_rshift */
1919     0,                  /* nb_inplace_and */
1920     0,                  /* nb_inplace_xor */
1921     0,                  /* nb_inplace_or */
1922     float_floor_div,    /* nb_floor_divide */
1923     float_div,          /* nb_true_divide */
1924     0,                  /* nb_inplace_floor_divide */
1925     0,                  /* nb_inplace_true_divide */
1926 };
1927 
1928 PyTypeObject PyFloat_Type = {
1929     PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(&PyType_Type, 0)
1930     "float",
1931     sizeof(PyFloatObject),
1932     0,
1933     (destructor)float_dealloc,                  /* tp_dealloc */
1934     0,                                          /* tp_vectorcall_offset */
1935     0,                                          /* tp_getattr */
1936     0,                                          /* tp_setattr */
1937     0,                                          /* tp_as_async */
1938     (reprfunc)float_repr,                       /* tp_repr */
1939     &float_as_number,                           /* tp_as_number */
1940     0,                                          /* tp_as_sequence */
1941     0,                                          /* tp_as_mapping */
1942     (hashfunc)float_hash,                       /* tp_hash */
1943     0,                                          /* tp_call */
1944     0,                                          /* tp_str */
1945     PyObject_GenericGetAttr,                    /* tp_getattro */
1946     0,                                          /* tp_setattro */
1947     0,                                          /* tp_as_buffer */
1948     Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT | Py_TPFLAGS_BASETYPE |
1949         _Py_TPFLAGS_MATCH_SELF,               /* tp_flags */
1950     float_new__doc__,                           /* tp_doc */
1951     0,                                          /* tp_traverse */
1952     0,                                          /* tp_clear */
1953     float_richcompare,                          /* tp_richcompare */
1954     0,                                          /* tp_weaklistoffset */
1955     0,                                          /* tp_iter */
1956     0,                                          /* tp_iternext */
1957     float_methods,                              /* tp_methods */
1958     0,                                          /* tp_members */
1959     float_getset,                               /* tp_getset */
1960     0,                                          /* tp_base */
1961     0,                                          /* tp_dict */
1962     0,                                          /* tp_descr_get */
1963     0,                                          /* tp_descr_set */
1964     0,                                          /* tp_dictoffset */
1965     0,                                          /* tp_init */
1966     0,                                          /* tp_alloc */
1967     float_new,                                  /* tp_new */
1968     .tp_vectorcall = (vectorcallfunc)float_vectorcall,
1969 };
1970 
1971 void
_PyFloat_Init(void)1972 _PyFloat_Init(void)
1973 {
1974     /* We attempt to determine if this machine is using IEEE
1975        floating point formats by peering at the bits of some
1976        carefully chosen values.  If it looks like we are on an
1977        IEEE platform, the float packing/unpacking routines can
1978        just copy bits, if not they resort to arithmetic & shifts
1979        and masks.  The shifts & masks approach works on all finite
1980        values, but what happens to infinities, NaNs and signed
1981        zeroes on packing is an accident, and attempting to unpack
1982        a NaN or an infinity will raise an exception.
1983 
1984        Note that if we're on some whacked-out platform which uses
1985        IEEE formats but isn't strictly little-endian or big-
1986        endian, we will fall back to the portable shifts & masks
1987        method. */
1988 
1989 #if SIZEOF_DOUBLE == 8
1990     {
1991         double x = 9006104071832581.0;
1992         if (memcmp(&x, "\x43\x3f\xff\x01\x02\x03\x04\x05", 8) == 0)
1993             detected_double_format = ieee_big_endian_format;
1994         else if (memcmp(&x, "\x05\x04\x03\x02\x01\xff\x3f\x43", 8) == 0)
1995             detected_double_format = ieee_little_endian_format;
1996         else
1997             detected_double_format = unknown_format;
1998     }
1999 #else
2000     detected_double_format = unknown_format;
2001 #endif
2002 
2003 #if SIZEOF_FLOAT == 4
2004     {
2005         float y = 16711938.0;
2006         if (memcmp(&y, "\x4b\x7f\x01\x02", 4) == 0)
2007             detected_float_format = ieee_big_endian_format;
2008         else if (memcmp(&y, "\x02\x01\x7f\x4b", 4) == 0)
2009             detected_float_format = ieee_little_endian_format;
2010         else
2011             detected_float_format = unknown_format;
2012     }
2013 #else
2014     detected_float_format = unknown_format;
2015 #endif
2016 
2017     double_format = detected_double_format;
2018     float_format = detected_float_format;
2019 }
2020 
2021 int
_PyFloat_InitTypes(void)2022 _PyFloat_InitTypes(void)
2023 {
2024     /* Init float info */
2025     if (FloatInfoType.tp_name == NULL) {
2026         if (PyStructSequence_InitType2(&FloatInfoType, &floatinfo_desc) < 0) {
2027             return -1;
2028         }
2029     }
2030     return 0;
2031 }
2032 
2033 void
_PyFloat_ClearFreeList(PyInterpreterState * interp)2034 _PyFloat_ClearFreeList(PyInterpreterState *interp)
2035 {
2036     struct _Py_float_state *state = &interp->float_state;
2037     PyFloatObject *f = state->free_list;
2038     while (f != NULL) {
2039         PyFloatObject *next = (PyFloatObject*) Py_TYPE(f);
2040         PyObject_Free(f);
2041         f = next;
2042     }
2043     state->free_list = NULL;
2044     state->numfree = 0;
2045 }
2046 
2047 void
_PyFloat_Fini(PyInterpreterState * interp)2048 _PyFloat_Fini(PyInterpreterState *interp)
2049 {
2050     _PyFloat_ClearFreeList(interp);
2051 #ifdef Py_DEBUG
2052     struct _Py_float_state *state = &interp->float_state;
2053     state->numfree = -1;
2054 #endif
2055 }
2056 
2057 /* Print summary info about the state of the optimized allocator */
2058 void
_PyFloat_DebugMallocStats(FILE * out)2059 _PyFloat_DebugMallocStats(FILE *out)
2060 {
2061     struct _Py_float_state *state = get_float_state();
2062     _PyDebugAllocatorStats(out,
2063                            "free PyFloatObject",
2064                            state->numfree, sizeof(PyFloatObject));
2065 }
2066 
2067 
2068 /*----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2069  * _PyFloat_{Pack,Unpack}{2,4,8}.  See floatobject.h.
2070  * To match the NPY_HALF_ROUND_TIES_TO_EVEN behavior in:
2071  * https://github.com/numpy/numpy/blob/master/numpy/core/src/npymath/halffloat.c
2072  * We use:
2073  *       bits = (unsigned short)f;    Note the truncation
2074  *       if ((f - bits > 0.5) || (f - bits == 0.5 && bits % 2)) {
2075  *           bits++;
2076  *       }
2077  */
2078 
2079 int
_PyFloat_Pack2(double x,unsigned char * p,int le)2080 _PyFloat_Pack2(double x, unsigned char *p, int le)
2081 {
2082     unsigned char sign;
2083     int e;
2084     double f;
2085     unsigned short bits;
2086     int incr = 1;
2087 
2088     if (x == 0.0) {
2089         sign = (copysign(1.0, x) == -1.0);
2090         e = 0;
2091         bits = 0;
2092     }
2093     else if (Py_IS_INFINITY(x)) {
2094         sign = (x < 0.0);
2095         e = 0x1f;
2096         bits = 0;
2097     }
2098     else if (Py_IS_NAN(x)) {
2099         /* There are 2046 distinct half-precision NaNs (1022 signaling and
2100            1024 quiet), but there are only two quiet NaNs that don't arise by
2101            quieting a signaling NaN; we get those by setting the topmost bit
2102            of the fraction field and clearing all other fraction bits. We
2103            choose the one with the appropriate sign. */
2104         sign = (copysign(1.0, x) == -1.0);
2105         e = 0x1f;
2106         bits = 512;
2107     }
2108     else {
2109         sign = (x < 0.0);
2110         if (sign) {
2111             x = -x;
2112         }
2113 
2114         f = frexp(x, &e);
2115         if (f < 0.5 || f >= 1.0) {
2116             PyErr_SetString(PyExc_SystemError,
2117                             "frexp() result out of range");
2118             return -1;
2119         }
2120 
2121         /* Normalize f to be in the range [1.0, 2.0) */
2122         f *= 2.0;
2123         e--;
2124 
2125         if (e >= 16) {
2126             goto Overflow;
2127         }
2128         else if (e < -25) {
2129             /* |x| < 2**-25. Underflow to zero. */
2130             f = 0.0;
2131             e = 0;
2132         }
2133         else if (e < -14) {
2134             /* |x| < 2**-14. Gradual underflow */
2135             f = ldexp(f, 14 + e);
2136             e = 0;
2137         }
2138         else /* if (!(e == 0 && f == 0.0)) */ {
2139             e += 15;
2140             f -= 1.0; /* Get rid of leading 1 */
2141         }
2142 
2143         f *= 1024.0; /* 2**10 */
2144         /* Round to even */
2145         bits = (unsigned short)f; /* Note the truncation */
2146         assert(bits < 1024);
2147         assert(e < 31);
2148         if ((f - bits > 0.5) || ((f - bits == 0.5) && (bits % 2 == 1))) {
2149             ++bits;
2150             if (bits == 1024) {
2151                 /* The carry propagated out of a string of 10 1 bits. */
2152                 bits = 0;
2153                 ++e;
2154                 if (e == 31)
2155                     goto Overflow;
2156             }
2157         }
2158     }
2159 
2160     bits |= (e << 10) | (sign << 15);
2161 
2162     /* Write out result. */
2163     if (le) {
2164         p += 1;
2165         incr = -1;
2166     }
2167 
2168     /* First byte */
2169     *p = (unsigned char)((bits >> 8) & 0xFF);
2170     p += incr;
2171 
2172     /* Second byte */
2173     *p = (unsigned char)(bits & 0xFF);
2174 
2175     return 0;
2176 
2177   Overflow:
2178     PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
2179                     "float too large to pack with e format");
2180     return -1;
2181 }
2182 
2183 int
_PyFloat_Pack4(double x,unsigned char * p,int le)2184 _PyFloat_Pack4(double x, unsigned char *p, int le)
2185 {
2186     if (float_format == unknown_format) {
2187         unsigned char sign;
2188         int e;
2189         double f;
2190         unsigned int fbits;
2191         int incr = 1;
2192 
2193         if (le) {
2194             p += 3;
2195             incr = -1;
2196         }
2197 
2198         if (x < 0) {
2199             sign = 1;
2200             x = -x;
2201         }
2202         else
2203             sign = 0;
2204 
2205         f = frexp(x, &e);
2206 
2207         /* Normalize f to be in the range [1.0, 2.0) */
2208         if (0.5 <= f && f < 1.0) {
2209             f *= 2.0;
2210             e--;
2211         }
2212         else if (f == 0.0)
2213             e = 0;
2214         else {
2215             PyErr_SetString(PyExc_SystemError,
2216                             "frexp() result out of range");
2217             return -1;
2218         }
2219 
2220         if (e >= 128)
2221             goto Overflow;
2222         else if (e < -126) {
2223             /* Gradual underflow */
2224             f = ldexp(f, 126 + e);
2225             e = 0;
2226         }
2227         else if (!(e == 0 && f == 0.0)) {
2228             e += 127;
2229             f -= 1.0; /* Get rid of leading 1 */
2230         }
2231 
2232         f *= 8388608.0; /* 2**23 */
2233         fbits = (unsigned int)(f + 0.5); /* Round */
2234         assert(fbits <= 8388608);
2235         if (fbits >> 23) {
2236             /* The carry propagated out of a string of 23 1 bits. */
2237             fbits = 0;
2238             ++e;
2239             if (e >= 255)
2240                 goto Overflow;
2241         }
2242 
2243         /* First byte */
2244         *p = (sign << 7) | (e >> 1);
2245         p += incr;
2246 
2247         /* Second byte */
2248         *p = (char) (((e & 1) << 7) | (fbits >> 16));
2249         p += incr;
2250 
2251         /* Third byte */
2252         *p = (fbits >> 8) & 0xFF;
2253         p += incr;
2254 
2255         /* Fourth byte */
2256         *p = fbits & 0xFF;
2257 
2258         /* Done */
2259         return 0;
2260 
2261     }
2262     else {
2263         float y = (float)x;
2264         int i, incr = 1;
2265 
2266         if (Py_IS_INFINITY(y) && !Py_IS_INFINITY(x))
2267             goto Overflow;
2268 
2269         unsigned char s[sizeof(float)];
2270         memcpy(s, &y, sizeof(float));
2271 
2272         if ((float_format == ieee_little_endian_format && !le)
2273             || (float_format == ieee_big_endian_format && le)) {
2274             p += 3;
2275             incr = -1;
2276         }
2277 
2278         for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
2279             *p = s[i];
2280             p += incr;
2281         }
2282         return 0;
2283     }
2284   Overflow:
2285     PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
2286                     "float too large to pack with f format");
2287     return -1;
2288 }
2289 
2290 int
_PyFloat_Pack8(double x,unsigned char * p,int le)2291 _PyFloat_Pack8(double x, unsigned char *p, int le)
2292 {
2293     if (double_format == unknown_format) {
2294         unsigned char sign;
2295         int e;
2296         double f;
2297         unsigned int fhi, flo;
2298         int incr = 1;
2299 
2300         if (le) {
2301             p += 7;
2302             incr = -1;
2303         }
2304 
2305         if (x < 0) {
2306             sign = 1;
2307             x = -x;
2308         }
2309         else
2310             sign = 0;
2311 
2312         f = frexp(x, &e);
2313 
2314         /* Normalize f to be in the range [1.0, 2.0) */
2315         if (0.5 <= f && f < 1.0) {
2316             f *= 2.0;
2317             e--;
2318         }
2319         else if (f == 0.0)
2320             e = 0;
2321         else {
2322             PyErr_SetString(PyExc_SystemError,
2323                             "frexp() result out of range");
2324             return -1;
2325         }
2326 
2327         if (e >= 1024)
2328             goto Overflow;
2329         else if (e < -1022) {
2330             /* Gradual underflow */
2331             f = ldexp(f, 1022 + e);
2332             e = 0;
2333         }
2334         else if (!(e == 0 && f == 0.0)) {
2335             e += 1023;
2336             f -= 1.0; /* Get rid of leading 1 */
2337         }
2338 
2339         /* fhi receives the high 28 bits; flo the low 24 bits (== 52 bits) */
2340         f *= 268435456.0; /* 2**28 */
2341         fhi = (unsigned int)f; /* Truncate */
2342         assert(fhi < 268435456);
2343 
2344         f -= (double)fhi;
2345         f *= 16777216.0; /* 2**24 */
2346         flo = (unsigned int)(f + 0.5); /* Round */
2347         assert(flo <= 16777216);
2348         if (flo >> 24) {
2349             /* The carry propagated out of a string of 24 1 bits. */
2350             flo = 0;
2351             ++fhi;
2352             if (fhi >> 28) {
2353                 /* And it also propagated out of the next 28 bits. */
2354                 fhi = 0;
2355                 ++e;
2356                 if (e >= 2047)
2357                     goto Overflow;
2358             }
2359         }
2360 
2361         /* First byte */
2362         *p = (sign << 7) | (e >> 4);
2363         p += incr;
2364 
2365         /* Second byte */
2366         *p = (unsigned char) (((e & 0xF) << 4) | (fhi >> 24));
2367         p += incr;
2368 
2369         /* Third byte */
2370         *p = (fhi >> 16) & 0xFF;
2371         p += incr;
2372 
2373         /* Fourth byte */
2374         *p = (fhi >> 8) & 0xFF;
2375         p += incr;
2376 
2377         /* Fifth byte */
2378         *p = fhi & 0xFF;
2379         p += incr;
2380 
2381         /* Sixth byte */
2382         *p = (flo >> 16) & 0xFF;
2383         p += incr;
2384 
2385         /* Seventh byte */
2386         *p = (flo >> 8) & 0xFF;
2387         p += incr;
2388 
2389         /* Eighth byte */
2390         *p = flo & 0xFF;
2391         /* p += incr; */
2392 
2393         /* Done */
2394         return 0;
2395 
2396       Overflow:
2397         PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
2398                         "float too large to pack with d format");
2399         return -1;
2400     }
2401     else {
2402         const unsigned char *s = (unsigned char*)&x;
2403         int i, incr = 1;
2404 
2405         if ((double_format == ieee_little_endian_format && !le)
2406             || (double_format == ieee_big_endian_format && le)) {
2407             p += 7;
2408             incr = -1;
2409         }
2410 
2411         for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
2412             *p = *s++;
2413             p += incr;
2414         }
2415         return 0;
2416     }
2417 }
2418 
2419 double
_PyFloat_Unpack2(const unsigned char * p,int le)2420 _PyFloat_Unpack2(const unsigned char *p, int le)
2421 {
2422     unsigned char sign;
2423     int e;
2424     unsigned int f;
2425     double x;
2426     int incr = 1;
2427 
2428     if (le) {
2429         p += 1;
2430         incr = -1;
2431     }
2432 
2433     /* First byte */
2434     sign = (*p >> 7) & 1;
2435     e = (*p & 0x7C) >> 2;
2436     f = (*p & 0x03) << 8;
2437     p += incr;
2438 
2439     /* Second byte */
2440     f |= *p;
2441 
2442     if (e == 0x1f) {
2443 #ifdef PY_NO_SHORT_FLOAT_REPR
2444         if (f == 0) {
2445             /* Infinity */
2446             return sign ? -Py_HUGE_VAL : Py_HUGE_VAL;
2447         }
2448         else {
2449             /* NaN */
2450 #ifdef Py_NAN
2451             return sign ? -Py_NAN : Py_NAN;
2452 #else
2453             PyErr_SetString(
2454                 PyExc_ValueError,
2455                 "can't unpack IEEE 754 NaN "
2456                 "on platform that does not support NaNs");
2457             return -1;
2458 #endif  /* #ifdef Py_NAN */
2459         }
2460 #else
2461         if (f == 0) {
2462             /* Infinity */
2463             return _Py_dg_infinity(sign);
2464         }
2465         else {
2466             /* NaN */
2467             return _Py_dg_stdnan(sign);
2468         }
2469 #endif  /* #ifdef PY_NO_SHORT_FLOAT_REPR */
2470     }
2471 
2472     x = (double)f / 1024.0;
2473 
2474     if (e == 0) {
2475         e = -14;
2476     }
2477     else {
2478         x += 1.0;
2479         e -= 15;
2480     }
2481     x = ldexp(x, e);
2482 
2483     if (sign)
2484         x = -x;
2485 
2486     return x;
2487 }
2488 
2489 double
_PyFloat_Unpack4(const unsigned char * p,int le)2490 _PyFloat_Unpack4(const unsigned char *p, int le)
2491 {
2492     if (float_format == unknown_format) {
2493         unsigned char sign;
2494         int e;
2495         unsigned int f;
2496         double x;
2497         int incr = 1;
2498 
2499         if (le) {
2500             p += 3;
2501             incr = -1;
2502         }
2503 
2504         /* First byte */
2505         sign = (*p >> 7) & 1;
2506         e = (*p & 0x7F) << 1;
2507         p += incr;
2508 
2509         /* Second byte */
2510         e |= (*p >> 7) & 1;
2511         f = (*p & 0x7F) << 16;
2512         p += incr;
2513 
2514         if (e == 255) {
2515             PyErr_SetString(
2516                 PyExc_ValueError,
2517                 "can't unpack IEEE 754 special value "
2518                 "on non-IEEE platform");
2519             return -1;
2520         }
2521 
2522         /* Third byte */
2523         f |= *p << 8;
2524         p += incr;
2525 
2526         /* Fourth byte */
2527         f |= *p;
2528 
2529         x = (double)f / 8388608.0;
2530 
2531         /* XXX This sadly ignores Inf/NaN issues */
2532         if (e == 0)
2533             e = -126;
2534         else {
2535             x += 1.0;
2536             e -= 127;
2537         }
2538         x = ldexp(x, e);
2539 
2540         if (sign)
2541             x = -x;
2542 
2543         return x;
2544     }
2545     else {
2546         float x;
2547 
2548         if ((float_format == ieee_little_endian_format && !le)
2549             || (float_format == ieee_big_endian_format && le)) {
2550             char buf[4];
2551             char *d = &buf[3];
2552             int i;
2553 
2554             for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
2555                 *d-- = *p++;
2556             }
2557             memcpy(&x, buf, 4);
2558         }
2559         else {
2560             memcpy(&x, p, 4);
2561         }
2562 
2563         return x;
2564     }
2565 }
2566 
2567 double
_PyFloat_Unpack8(const unsigned char * p,int le)2568 _PyFloat_Unpack8(const unsigned char *p, int le)
2569 {
2570     if (double_format == unknown_format) {
2571         unsigned char sign;
2572         int e;
2573         unsigned int fhi, flo;
2574         double x;
2575         int incr = 1;
2576 
2577         if (le) {
2578             p += 7;
2579             incr = -1;
2580         }
2581 
2582         /* First byte */
2583         sign = (*p >> 7) & 1;
2584         e = (*p & 0x7F) << 4;
2585 
2586         p += incr;
2587 
2588         /* Second byte */
2589         e |= (*p >> 4) & 0xF;
2590         fhi = (*p & 0xF) << 24;
2591         p += incr;
2592 
2593         if (e == 2047) {
2594             PyErr_SetString(
2595                 PyExc_ValueError,
2596                 "can't unpack IEEE 754 special value "
2597                 "on non-IEEE platform");
2598             return -1.0;
2599         }
2600 
2601         /* Third byte */
2602         fhi |= *p << 16;
2603         p += incr;
2604 
2605         /* Fourth byte */
2606         fhi |= *p  << 8;
2607         p += incr;
2608 
2609         /* Fifth byte */
2610         fhi |= *p;
2611         p += incr;
2612 
2613         /* Sixth byte */
2614         flo = *p << 16;
2615         p += incr;
2616 
2617         /* Seventh byte */
2618         flo |= *p << 8;
2619         p += incr;
2620 
2621         /* Eighth byte */
2622         flo |= *p;
2623 
2624         x = (double)fhi + (double)flo / 16777216.0; /* 2**24 */
2625         x /= 268435456.0; /* 2**28 */
2626 
2627         if (e == 0)
2628             e = -1022;
2629         else {
2630             x += 1.0;
2631             e -= 1023;
2632         }
2633         x = ldexp(x, e);
2634 
2635         if (sign)
2636             x = -x;
2637 
2638         return x;
2639     }
2640     else {
2641         double x;
2642 
2643         if ((double_format == ieee_little_endian_format && !le)
2644             || (double_format == ieee_big_endian_format && le)) {
2645             char buf[8];
2646             char *d = &buf[7];
2647             int i;
2648 
2649             for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
2650                 *d-- = *p++;
2651             }
2652             memcpy(&x, buf, 8);
2653         }
2654         else {
2655             memcpy(&x, p, 8);
2656         }
2657 
2658         return x;
2659     }
2660 }
2661