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23 interface to Speakup, a Linux Screen Reader.  If you need instructions
33 the system is shutdown.  This means that if you have obtained Linux
35 of its kernel, you will be able, as a blind person, to install Linux
43 specific synthesizer by default, then all you need to do to use Speakup
52 synthesizers and not others.  If you find that this is the case, and
59 synthesizer set, or you would like to use a different synthesizer than
60 the default one, then you may issue the following command at the boot
66 DoubleTalk LT at boot up.  You may replace the ltlk synthesizer keyword
67 with the keyword for whatever synthesizer you wish to use.  The
102 administrator.  This will mean that you will hear some, but not all,  of
107 Once you have booted the system, and if necessary, have supplied the
125 to work.  If you toggle the numlock on, the keypad will produce numbers,
126 which is exactly what you want for spreadsheets and such.  For the
127 purposes of this guide, you should have the numlock turned off, which is
130 You probably won't want to listen to all the bootup messages every time
131 you start your system, though it's a good idea to listen to them at
132 least once, just so you'll know what kind of information is available to
133 you during the boot process.  You can always review these messages after
141 that way, until you press another key.
143 You can check to see if the boot process has completed by pressing the 8
145 effect of starting Speakup talking again, so you can press keypad enter
148 When the boot process is complete, you will arrive at a "login" prompt.
149 At this point, you'll need to type in your user id and password, as
150 provided by your system administrator.  You will hear Speakup speak the
151 letters of your user id as you type it, but not the password.  This is
156 Once you've logged in, you can run any Linux command or program which is
160 When you are running a program or command, Speakup will automatically
161 speak new text as it arrives on the screen.  You can at any time silence
182 as the speakup key.  Instead of pressing and releasing this key, as you
183 do under DOS or Windows, you hold it like a shift key, and press other
188 until you hit another key.  When you hit speakup plus keypad enter,
189 Speakup will say, "You turned me off.", or "Hey, that's better."  When
190 Speakup is turned off, no new text on the screen will be spoken.  You
197 You will hear the message:
202 When you press the spacebar to leave the help system, you will hear:
206 While you are in the Speakup help system, you can scroll up or down
208 of commands is arranged in alphabetical order.  If you wish to jump to
209 commands in a specific part of the alphabet, you may press the letter of
210 the alphabet you wish to jump to.
212 You can also just explore by typing keyboard keys.  Pressing keys will
214 example, if you press the keypad 8 key, you will hear:
218 You'll notice that some commands do not have keys assigned to them.
223 You'll also notice that some commands have two keys assigned to them.
225 for laptop users.  The alternate speakup key is the caps lock key.  You
233 gives you a simple way to get at an alternative set of key mappings for
236 laptop.  So you may choose which set of Speakup keys to use.  Some
247 commands.  You can also get a list of commands and assigned keys from
358 You can see these entries by typing the command:
362 If you issue the above ls command, you will get back something like
421 driver for the software synthesizer.  If you use the LiteTalk, your
428 volume, pitch, and rate, you can also echo values to the appropriate
430 lets you control Speakup parameters from within a script.  How you
432 but I will include a couple of simple examples here to give you a
435 Suppose for example, that you wanted to control both the punctuation
468 If you were to store these four small scripts in a directory in your
470 chmod command, then you could change the default reading punc and
472 example, if you were to execute the punc3 command at your shell prompt,
476 regardless of which shell you use, you should be able to do something
479 The Speakup sys system also has another interesting use.  You can echo
495 As you can see, the version entry in the Speakup sys system is read
508 ways.  For example, you might wish to know what level your volume is set
509 at.  You could type:
519 writable by root only, and some are writable by everyone.  Unless you
520 know what you are doing, you should probably leave the ones that are
523 for controlling speaking rate, etc.  If you find one you aren't sure about, you
530 in order to use a different synthesizer.  You can simply echo the
532 Depending on your situation, you may wish to echo none to the synth
549 we'll see in the next section, this is particularly useful when you are
552 If Speakup is completely compiled as modules, then you must use the
553 modprobe command to load Speakup.  You do this by loading the module for
554 the synthesizer driver you wish to use.  The driver modules are all
556 synthesizer you want.  So, in order to load the driver for the DecTalk
557 Express, you would type the following command:
565 as modules, you would give the command:
569 The above command assumes you were running a DecTalk Express.  If you
570 were using a different synth, then you would substitute its keyword in
573 If you have multiple drivers loaded, you need to unload all of them, in
575 For example, if you have loaded both the dectlk and ltlk drivers, use the
579 You cannot unload the driver for software synthesizers when a user-space
593 you would type:
597 You can use the modprobe -r command to unload driver modules, regardless
614 If your system does not have udev installed , before you can use a
615 software synthesizer, you must have created the /dev/softsynth device.
616 If you have not already done so, issue the following commands as root:
634 of Linux.  If it is not packaged, you need to install it manually.
635 You can find it in the contrib/ subdirectory of the Speakup sources.
652 you probably have a distribution-specific script that controls the operation
663 If you built Espeakup manually, the "make install" step placed the binary
671 For this option, you must have a package called
675 Two open source synthesizers you might use are Flite and Festival.  You
677 If you run a google search for Fonix, you'll find their web site.
679 You can obtain a copy of Speech Dispatcher from free(b)soft at
682 Dispatcher.  You can check out the web site for your Linux distribution
686 Once you've installed, configured, and tested Speech Dispatcher with your
687 chosen software synthesizer, you still need one more piece of software
688 in order to make things work.  You need a package called speechd-up.
689 You get it from the free(b)soft web site mentioned above.  After you've
690 compiled and installed speechd-up, you are almost ready to begin using
693 Now you can begin using your software synthesizer.  In order to do so,
702 Your synth should now start talking, and you should be able to adjust
712 You can get the dec_pc.tgz file from the linux-speakup.org site.  The
715 After you have downloaded the dec_pc.tgz file, untar it in your home
725 You will need to copy the dtload command from the dec_pc directory to a
729 You can now run the dtload command in order to load the DecTalk PC
730 software onto the card.  After you have done this, echo the decpc
735 Your DecTalk PC should start talking, and then you can adjust the pitch,
738 which will give you access to some of the DecTalk voices.
743 default.  This means that when you are using an editor, Speakup will
744 automatically speak characters as you move left and right with the
745 cursor keys, and lines as you move up and down with the cursor keys.
751 Sometimes, these modes get in your way, so you can disable cursor tracking
754 You may select among the various forms of cursor tracking using the keypad
756 Each time you press this key, a new mode is selected, and Speakup speaks
763 rather than the cursor itself. When you move the cursor with the arrow keys,
766 If cursor tracking isn't helping you while navigating a menu,
769 With the "read window" variety of cursor tracking, you can limit the text
772 When you move the cursor via the arrow keys, Speakup only speaks
773 the contents of the window.  This is especially helpful when you are hearing
776 Suppose that you are at a shell prompt.  You use bash, and you want to
777 explore your command history using the up and down arrow keys.  If you
778 have enabled cursor tracking, you will hear two pieces of information.
780 command history.  You may not want to hear the prompt repeated
781 each time you move, so you can silence it by specifying a window.  Find
789 You will notice that Speakup no longer speaks the redundant prompt.
792 lynx web browser.  You definitely want to turn cursor tracking off when
793 you are using the alsamixer application.  Otherwise, you won't be able
794 to hear your mixer settings while you are using the arrow keys.
799 text on the screen.  This means that you can capture information from a
805 sites.  It would be nice if you could cut and paste these urls into your
806 web browser.  Speakup does this quite nicely.  Suppose you wanted to
820 Now that you have the url cut from the screen, you can paste it into
824 Suppose you want to start lynx and go to the Speakup site.
826 You can switch to a different console with the alt left and right
827 arrows, or you can switch to a specific console by typing alt and a
831 Once you've changed to an appropriate console, and are at a shell prompt,
833 key, while you type the keypad slash character.  The url will be pasted
834 onto the command line, just as though you had typed it in.  Press the
838 mark and cut operation is carried out.  This means you can paste the cut
839 information as many times as you like before doing another cut
842 You are not limited to cutting and pasting only one line on the screen.
843 You can also cut and paste rectangular regions of the screen.  Just
851 Through the /speakup/i18n/characters sys entry, Speakup gives you the
852 ability to change how Speakup pronounces a given character.  You could,
853 for example, change how some punctuation characters are spoken.  You can
856 You may, for example, wish to change how Speakup pronounces the z
858 believes that the z should be pronounced zed.  If you are an American,
859 you might wish to use the zee pronunciation instead of zed.  You can
869 The word echo tells the shell that you want to have it display the
870 string of characters that follow the word echo.  If you were to just
875 You would get the word hello printed on your screen as soon as you
893 You can look at the whole table with the following command:
898 won't display it here, but leave you to look at it at your convenience.
902 Speakup has the capability of allowing you to assign or "map" keys to
903 internal Speakup commands.  This section necessarily assumes you have a
905 configured with Speakup.  How you do this is beyond the scope of this
907 http://linux-speakup.org/.  The reason you'll need the kernel source
908 tree patched with Speakup is that the genmap utility you'll need for
912 the Linux source tree you are working with.
914 So ok, you've gone off and gotten your kernel source tree, and patched
915 and configured it.  Now you can start manipulating keymaps.
917 You can either use the
919 included with the Speakup source, or you can cut and paste the copy in
920 section 4 into a separate file.  If you use the one in the Speakup
921 source tree, make sure you make a backup of it before you start making
922 changes.  You have been warned!
924 Suppose that you want to swap the key assignments for the Speakup
931 You can edit your copy of the speakupmap.map file and swap the command
932 names on the right side of the = (equals) sign.  You did make a backup,
938 After you edit your copy of the speakupmap.map file, save it under a new
942 You are now ready to load your keymap with your swapped key assignments.
943  Assuming that you saved your new keymap as the file newmap.map, you
951 above command wrapped onto two lines in this document, you should type
955 speakup pagedown should read you the first non-whitespace character on
957 read you the last character on the line your reading cursor is in.
959 You should note that these new mappings will only stay in effect until
960 you reboot, or until you load another keymap.
962 One final warning.  If you try to load a partial map, you will quickly
963 find that all the mappings you didn't include in your file got deleted
965 You have been warned!
970 For instance, when you move to the left edge of the screen with the
973 and they could not be changed.  If you used a non-English synthesizer,
974 you still heard English messages, such as "left" and "cursoring on."
987 be categorized.  You will find messages such as "You killed Speakup",
989 You will also find the names of the screen edges and cursor tracking modes
1000 When you use the "say attributes" function, Speakup says the name of the
1005 Here, you will find names of control keys.  These are used with Speakup's
1010 the type and width of displayed data.  If you change these, you must
1015 Here, you will find a list of names for Speakup functions.  These are used
1016 by the help system.  For example, suppose that you have activated help mode,
1017 and you pressed keypad 3.  Speakup says:
1024 example, Speakup said that you pressed "keypad 3."
1029 Again, these are part of the help system.  For instance, if you had pressed
1030 speakup + keypad 3, you would hear:
1041 For example, if you view the file /speakup/i18n/colors, you will see the
1054 You can change one message, or you can change a whole group.
1058 You can change an individual message with the echo command,
1093 There is no way to save these window settings, and you can only have one
1098 cursor to the beginning of the area you want to define.  Then press
1099 speakup + f2.  Speakup will tell you that the window starts at the
1102  If there is more than one line in the window, Speakup will tell you
1104 is only one line in the window, then Speakup will tell you that the
1105 window is the specified line on the screen.  If you are only defining a
1106 one line window, you can just press speakup + f2 twice after placing the
1107 reading cursor on the line you want to define as a window.  It is not
1128 Speakupconf allows you to save and load your Speakup settings.  It works
1132 whether it is run from the root account.  If you execute speakupconf as
1157 Talkwith allows you to switch synthesizers on the fly.  It takes a synthesizer
1160 causes Speakup to use the DecTalk Express.  If you wish to switch to a
1161 software synthesizer, you must also indicate which daemon you wish to
1164 If you wish to use espeakup for software synthesis, give the command
1175 synthesizer is activated.  You can use speakupconf to load your settings
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