1 //
2 // Copyright 2017 The Abseil Authors.
3 //
4 // Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
5 // you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
6 // You may obtain a copy of the License at
7 //
8 // https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
9 //
10 // Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11 // distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12 // WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14 // limitations under the License.
15 //
16 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
17 // File: ascii.h
18 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
19 //
20 // This package contains functions operating on characters and strings
21 // restricted to standard ASCII. These include character classification
22 // functions analogous to those found in the ANSI C Standard Library <ctype.h>
23 // header file.
24 //
25 // C++ implementations provide <ctype.h> functionality based on their
26 // C environment locale. In general, reliance on such a locale is not ideal, as
27 // the locale standard is problematic (and may not return invariant information
28 // for the same character set, for example). These `ascii_*()` functions are
29 // hard-wired for standard ASCII, much faster, and guaranteed to behave
30 // consistently. They will never be overloaded, nor will their function
31 // signature change.
32 //
33 // `ascii_isalnum()`, `ascii_isalpha()`, `ascii_isascii()`, `ascii_isblank()`,
34 // `ascii_iscntrl()`, `ascii_isdigit()`, `ascii_isgraph()`, `ascii_islower()`,
35 // `ascii_isprint()`, `ascii_ispunct()`, `ascii_isspace()`, `ascii_isupper()`,
36 // `ascii_isxdigit()`
37 // Analogous to the <ctype.h> functions with similar names, these
38 // functions take an unsigned char and return a bool, based on whether the
39 // character matches the condition specified.
40 //
41 // If the input character has a numerical value greater than 127, these
42 // functions return `false`.
43 //
44 // `ascii_tolower()`, `ascii_toupper()`
45 // Analogous to the <ctype.h> functions with similar names, these functions
46 // take an unsigned char and return a char.
47 //
48 // If the input character is not an ASCII {lower,upper}-case letter (including
49 // numerical values greater than 127) then the functions return the same value
50 // as the input character.
51
52 #ifndef ABSL_STRINGS_ASCII_H_
53 #define ABSL_STRINGS_ASCII_H_
54
55 #include <algorithm>
56 #include <string>
57
58 #include "absl/base/attributes.h"
59 #include "absl/base/config.h"
60 #include "absl/strings/string_view.h"
61
62 namespace absl {
63 ABSL_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
64 namespace ascii_internal {
65
66 // Declaration for an array of bitfields holding character information.
67 ABSL_DLL extern const unsigned char kPropertyBits[256];
68
69 // Declaration for the array of characters to upper-case characters.
70 ABSL_DLL extern const char kToUpper[256];
71
72 // Declaration for the array of characters to lower-case characters.
73 ABSL_DLL extern const char kToLower[256];
74
75 } // namespace ascii_internal
76
77 // ascii_isalpha()
78 //
79 // Determines whether the given character is an alphabetic character.
ascii_isalpha(unsigned char c)80 inline bool ascii_isalpha(unsigned char c) {
81 return (ascii_internal::kPropertyBits[c] & 0x01) != 0;
82 }
83
84 // ascii_isalnum()
85 //
86 // Determines whether the given character is an alphanumeric character.
ascii_isalnum(unsigned char c)87 inline bool ascii_isalnum(unsigned char c) {
88 return (ascii_internal::kPropertyBits[c] & 0x04) != 0;
89 }
90
91 // ascii_isspace()
92 //
93 // Determines whether the given character is a whitespace character (space,
94 // tab, vertical tab, formfeed, linefeed, or carriage return).
ascii_isspace(unsigned char c)95 inline bool ascii_isspace(unsigned char c) {
96 return (ascii_internal::kPropertyBits[c] & 0x08) != 0;
97 }
98
99 // ascii_ispunct()
100 //
101 // Determines whether the given character is a punctuation character.
ascii_ispunct(unsigned char c)102 inline bool ascii_ispunct(unsigned char c) {
103 return (ascii_internal::kPropertyBits[c] & 0x10) != 0;
104 }
105
106 // ascii_isblank()
107 //
108 // Determines whether the given character is a blank character (tab or space).
ascii_isblank(unsigned char c)109 inline bool ascii_isblank(unsigned char c) {
110 return (ascii_internal::kPropertyBits[c] & 0x20) != 0;
111 }
112
113 // ascii_iscntrl()
114 //
115 // Determines whether the given character is a control character.
ascii_iscntrl(unsigned char c)116 inline bool ascii_iscntrl(unsigned char c) {
117 return (ascii_internal::kPropertyBits[c] & 0x40) != 0;
118 }
119
120 // ascii_isxdigit()
121 //
122 // Determines whether the given character can be represented as a hexadecimal
123 // digit character (i.e. {0-9} or {A-F}).
ascii_isxdigit(unsigned char c)124 inline bool ascii_isxdigit(unsigned char c) {
125 return (ascii_internal::kPropertyBits[c] & 0x80) != 0;
126 }
127
128 // ascii_isdigit()
129 //
130 // Determines whether the given character can be represented as a decimal
131 // digit character (i.e. {0-9}).
ascii_isdigit(unsigned char c)132 inline bool ascii_isdigit(unsigned char c) { return c >= '0' && c <= '9'; }
133
134 // ascii_isprint()
135 //
136 // Determines whether the given character is printable, including whitespace.
ascii_isprint(unsigned char c)137 inline bool ascii_isprint(unsigned char c) { return c >= 32 && c < 127; }
138
139 // ascii_isgraph()
140 //
141 // Determines whether the given character has a graphical representation.
ascii_isgraph(unsigned char c)142 inline bool ascii_isgraph(unsigned char c) { return c > 32 && c < 127; }
143
144 // ascii_isupper()
145 //
146 // Determines whether the given character is uppercase.
ascii_isupper(unsigned char c)147 inline bool ascii_isupper(unsigned char c) { return c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z'; }
148
149 // ascii_islower()
150 //
151 // Determines whether the given character is lowercase.
ascii_islower(unsigned char c)152 inline bool ascii_islower(unsigned char c) { return c >= 'a' && c <= 'z'; }
153
154 // ascii_isascii()
155 //
156 // Determines whether the given character is ASCII.
ascii_isascii(unsigned char c)157 inline bool ascii_isascii(unsigned char c) { return c < 128; }
158
159 // ascii_tolower()
160 //
161 // Returns an ASCII character, converting to lowercase if uppercase is
162 // passed. Note that character values > 127 are simply returned.
ascii_tolower(unsigned char c)163 inline char ascii_tolower(unsigned char c) {
164 return ascii_internal::kToLower[c];
165 }
166
167 // Converts the characters in `s` to lowercase, changing the contents of `s`.
168 void AsciiStrToLower(std::string* s);
169
170 // Creates a lowercase string from a given absl::string_view.
AsciiStrToLower(absl::string_view s)171 ABSL_MUST_USE_RESULT inline std::string AsciiStrToLower(absl::string_view s) {
172 std::string result(s);
173 absl::AsciiStrToLower(&result);
174 return result;
175 }
176
177 // ascii_toupper()
178 //
179 // Returns the ASCII character, converting to upper-case if lower-case is
180 // passed. Note that characters values > 127 are simply returned.
ascii_toupper(unsigned char c)181 inline char ascii_toupper(unsigned char c) {
182 return ascii_internal::kToUpper[c];
183 }
184
185 // Converts the characters in `s` to uppercase, changing the contents of `s`.
186 void AsciiStrToUpper(std::string* s);
187
188 // Creates an uppercase string from a given absl::string_view.
AsciiStrToUpper(absl::string_view s)189 ABSL_MUST_USE_RESULT inline std::string AsciiStrToUpper(absl::string_view s) {
190 std::string result(s);
191 absl::AsciiStrToUpper(&result);
192 return result;
193 }
194
195 // Returns absl::string_view with whitespace stripped from the beginning of the
196 // given string_view.
StripLeadingAsciiWhitespace(absl::string_view str)197 ABSL_MUST_USE_RESULT inline absl::string_view StripLeadingAsciiWhitespace(
198 absl::string_view str) {
199 auto it = std::find_if_not(str.begin(), str.end(), absl::ascii_isspace);
200 return str.substr(it - str.begin());
201 }
202
203 // Strips in place whitespace from the beginning of the given string.
StripLeadingAsciiWhitespace(std::string * str)204 inline void StripLeadingAsciiWhitespace(std::string* str) {
205 auto it = std::find_if_not(str->begin(), str->end(), absl::ascii_isspace);
206 str->erase(str->begin(), it);
207 }
208
209 // Returns absl::string_view with whitespace stripped from the end of the given
210 // string_view.
StripTrailingAsciiWhitespace(absl::string_view str)211 ABSL_MUST_USE_RESULT inline absl::string_view StripTrailingAsciiWhitespace(
212 absl::string_view str) {
213 auto it = std::find_if_not(str.rbegin(), str.rend(), absl::ascii_isspace);
214 return str.substr(0, str.rend() - it);
215 }
216
217 // Strips in place whitespace from the end of the given string
StripTrailingAsciiWhitespace(std::string * str)218 inline void StripTrailingAsciiWhitespace(std::string* str) {
219 auto it = std::find_if_not(str->rbegin(), str->rend(), absl::ascii_isspace);
220 str->erase(str->rend() - it);
221 }
222
223 // Returns absl::string_view with whitespace stripped from both ends of the
224 // given string_view.
StripAsciiWhitespace(absl::string_view str)225 ABSL_MUST_USE_RESULT inline absl::string_view StripAsciiWhitespace(
226 absl::string_view str) {
227 return StripTrailingAsciiWhitespace(StripLeadingAsciiWhitespace(str));
228 }
229
230 // Strips in place whitespace from both ends of the given string
StripAsciiWhitespace(std::string * str)231 inline void StripAsciiWhitespace(std::string* str) {
232 StripTrailingAsciiWhitespace(str);
233 StripLeadingAsciiWhitespace(str);
234 }
235
236 // Removes leading, trailing, and consecutive internal whitespace.
237 void RemoveExtraAsciiWhitespace(std::string*);
238
239 ABSL_NAMESPACE_END
240 } // namespace absl
241
242 #endif // ABSL_STRINGS_ASCII_H_
243