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1 // Copyright 2015 Google Inc. All rights reserved.
2 //
3 // Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
4 // you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
5 // You may obtain a copy of the License at
6 //
7 //     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
8 //
9 // Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
10 // distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
11 // WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
12 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
13 // limitations under the License.
14 
15 #include "benchmark_register.h"
16 
17 #ifndef BENCHMARK_OS_WINDOWS
18 #if !defined(BENCHMARK_OS_FUCHSIA) && !defined(BENCHMARK_OS_QURT)
19 #include <sys/resource.h>
20 #endif
21 #include <sys/time.h>
22 #include <unistd.h>
23 #endif
24 
25 #include <algorithm>
26 #include <atomic>
27 #include <cinttypes>
28 #include <condition_variable>
29 #include <cstdio>
30 #include <cstdlib>
31 #include <cstring>
32 #include <fstream>
33 #include <iostream>
34 #include <memory>
35 #include <numeric>
36 #include <sstream>
37 #include <thread>
38 
39 #include "benchmark/benchmark.h"
40 #include "benchmark_api_internal.h"
41 #include "check.h"
42 #include "commandlineflags.h"
43 #include "complexity.h"
44 #include "internal_macros.h"
45 #include "log.h"
46 #include "mutex.h"
47 #include "re.h"
48 #include "statistics.h"
49 #include "string_util.h"
50 #include "timers.h"
51 
52 namespace benchmark {
53 
54 namespace {
55 // For non-dense Range, intermediate values are powers of kRangeMultiplier.
56 static constexpr int kRangeMultiplier = 8;
57 
58 // The size of a benchmark family determines is the number of inputs to repeat
59 // the benchmark on. If this is "large" then warn the user during configuration.
60 static constexpr size_t kMaxFamilySize = 100;
61 
62 static constexpr char kDisabledPrefix[] = "DISABLED_";
63 }  // end namespace
64 
65 namespace internal {
66 
67 //=============================================================================//
68 //                         BenchmarkFamilies
69 //=============================================================================//
70 
71 // Class for managing registered benchmarks.  Note that each registered
72 // benchmark identifies a family of related benchmarks to run.
73 class BenchmarkFamilies {
74  public:
75   static BenchmarkFamilies* GetInstance();
76 
77   // Registers a benchmark family and returns the index assigned to it.
78   size_t AddBenchmark(std::unique_ptr<Benchmark> family);
79 
80   // Clear all registered benchmark families.
81   void ClearBenchmarks();
82 
83   // Extract the list of benchmark instances that match the specified
84   // regular expression.
85   bool FindBenchmarks(std::string re,
86                       std::vector<BenchmarkInstance>* benchmarks,
87                       std::ostream* Err);
88 
89  private:
BenchmarkFamilies()90   BenchmarkFamilies() {}
91 
92   std::vector<std::unique_ptr<Benchmark>> families_;
93   Mutex mutex_;
94 };
95 
GetInstance()96 BenchmarkFamilies* BenchmarkFamilies::GetInstance() {
97   static BenchmarkFamilies instance;
98   return &instance;
99 }
100 
AddBenchmark(std::unique_ptr<Benchmark> family)101 size_t BenchmarkFamilies::AddBenchmark(std::unique_ptr<Benchmark> family) {
102   MutexLock l(mutex_);
103   size_t index = families_.size();
104   families_.push_back(std::move(family));
105   return index;
106 }
107 
ClearBenchmarks()108 void BenchmarkFamilies::ClearBenchmarks() {
109   MutexLock l(mutex_);
110   families_.clear();
111   families_.shrink_to_fit();
112 }
113 
FindBenchmarks(std::string spec,std::vector<BenchmarkInstance> * benchmarks,std::ostream * ErrStream)114 bool BenchmarkFamilies::FindBenchmarks(
115     std::string spec, std::vector<BenchmarkInstance>* benchmarks,
116     std::ostream* ErrStream) {
117   BM_CHECK(ErrStream);
118   auto& Err = *ErrStream;
119   // Make regular expression out of command-line flag
120   std::string error_msg;
121   Regex re;
122   bool is_negative_filter = false;
123   if (spec[0] == '-') {
124     spec.replace(0, 1, "");
125     is_negative_filter = true;
126   }
127   if (!re.Init(spec, &error_msg)) {
128     Err << "Could not compile benchmark re: " << error_msg << std::endl;
129     return false;
130   }
131 
132   // Special list of thread counts to use when none are specified
133   const std::vector<int> one_thread = {1};
134 
135   int next_family_index = 0;
136 
137   MutexLock l(mutex_);
138   for (std::unique_ptr<Benchmark>& family : families_) {
139     int family_index = next_family_index;
140     int per_family_instance_index = 0;
141 
142     // Family was deleted or benchmark doesn't match
143     if (!family) continue;
144 
145     if (family->ArgsCnt() == -1) {
146       family->Args({});
147     }
148     const std::vector<int>* thread_counts =
149         (family->thread_counts_.empty()
150              ? &one_thread
151              : &static_cast<const std::vector<int>&>(family->thread_counts_));
152     const size_t family_size = family->args_.size() * thread_counts->size();
153     // The benchmark will be run at least 'family_size' different inputs.
154     // If 'family_size' is very large warn the user.
155     if (family_size > kMaxFamilySize) {
156       Err << "The number of inputs is very large. " << family->name_
157           << " will be repeated at least " << family_size << " times.\n";
158     }
159     // reserve in the special case the regex ".", since we know the final
160     // family size.  this doesn't take into account any disabled benchmarks
161     // so worst case we reserve more than we need.
162     if (spec == ".") benchmarks->reserve(benchmarks->size() + family_size);
163 
164     for (auto const& args : family->args_) {
165       for (int num_threads : *thread_counts) {
166         BenchmarkInstance instance(family.get(), family_index,
167                                    per_family_instance_index, args,
168                                    num_threads);
169 
170         const auto full_name = instance.name().str();
171         if (full_name.rfind(kDisabledPrefix, 0) != 0 &&
172             ((re.Match(full_name) && !is_negative_filter) ||
173              (!re.Match(full_name) && is_negative_filter))) {
174           benchmarks->push_back(std::move(instance));
175 
176           ++per_family_instance_index;
177 
178           // Only bump the next family index once we've estabilished that
179           // at least one instance of this family will be run.
180           if (next_family_index == family_index) ++next_family_index;
181         }
182       }
183     }
184   }
185   return true;
186 }
187 
RegisterBenchmarkInternal(Benchmark * bench)188 Benchmark* RegisterBenchmarkInternal(Benchmark* bench) {
189   std::unique_ptr<Benchmark> bench_ptr(bench);
190   BenchmarkFamilies* families = BenchmarkFamilies::GetInstance();
191   families->AddBenchmark(std::move(bench_ptr));
192   return bench;
193 }
194 
195 // FIXME: This function is a hack so that benchmark.cc can access
196 // `BenchmarkFamilies`
FindBenchmarksInternal(const std::string & re,std::vector<BenchmarkInstance> * benchmarks,std::ostream * Err)197 bool FindBenchmarksInternal(const std::string& re,
198                             std::vector<BenchmarkInstance>* benchmarks,
199                             std::ostream* Err) {
200   return BenchmarkFamilies::GetInstance()->FindBenchmarks(re, benchmarks, Err);
201 }
202 
203 //=============================================================================//
204 //                               Benchmark
205 //=============================================================================//
206 
Benchmark(const std::string & name)207 Benchmark::Benchmark(const std::string& name)
208     : name_(name),
209       aggregation_report_mode_(ARM_Unspecified),
210       time_unit_(GetDefaultTimeUnit()),
211       use_default_time_unit_(true),
212       range_multiplier_(kRangeMultiplier),
213       min_time_(0),
214       min_warmup_time_(0),
215       iterations_(0),
216       repetitions_(0),
217       measure_process_cpu_time_(false),
218       use_real_time_(false),
219       use_manual_time_(false),
220       complexity_(oNone),
221       complexity_lambda_(nullptr),
222       setup_(nullptr),
223       teardown_(nullptr) {
224   ComputeStatistics("mean", StatisticsMean);
225   ComputeStatistics("median", StatisticsMedian);
226   ComputeStatistics("stddev", StatisticsStdDev);
227   ComputeStatistics("cv", StatisticsCV, kPercentage);
228 }
229 
~Benchmark()230 Benchmark::~Benchmark() {}
231 
Name(const std::string & name)232 Benchmark* Benchmark::Name(const std::string& name) {
233   SetName(name);
234   return this;
235 }
236 
Arg(int64_t x)237 Benchmark* Benchmark::Arg(int64_t x) {
238   BM_CHECK(ArgsCnt() == -1 || ArgsCnt() == 1);
239   args_.push_back({x});
240   return this;
241 }
242 
Unit(TimeUnit unit)243 Benchmark* Benchmark::Unit(TimeUnit unit) {
244   time_unit_ = unit;
245   use_default_time_unit_ = false;
246   return this;
247 }
248 
Range(int64_t start,int64_t limit)249 Benchmark* Benchmark::Range(int64_t start, int64_t limit) {
250   BM_CHECK(ArgsCnt() == -1 || ArgsCnt() == 1);
251   std::vector<int64_t> arglist;
252   AddRange(&arglist, start, limit, range_multiplier_);
253 
254   for (int64_t i : arglist) {
255     args_.push_back({i});
256   }
257   return this;
258 }
259 
Ranges(const std::vector<std::pair<int64_t,int64_t>> & ranges)260 Benchmark* Benchmark::Ranges(
261     const std::vector<std::pair<int64_t, int64_t>>& ranges) {
262   BM_CHECK(ArgsCnt() == -1 || ArgsCnt() == static_cast<int>(ranges.size()));
263   std::vector<std::vector<int64_t>> arglists(ranges.size());
264   for (std::size_t i = 0; i < ranges.size(); i++) {
265     AddRange(&arglists[i], ranges[i].first, ranges[i].second,
266              range_multiplier_);
267   }
268 
269   ArgsProduct(arglists);
270 
271   return this;
272 }
273 
ArgsProduct(const std::vector<std::vector<int64_t>> & arglists)274 Benchmark* Benchmark::ArgsProduct(
275     const std::vector<std::vector<int64_t>>& arglists) {
276   BM_CHECK(ArgsCnt() == -1 || ArgsCnt() == static_cast<int>(arglists.size()));
277 
278   std::vector<std::size_t> indices(arglists.size());
279   const std::size_t total = std::accumulate(
280       std::begin(arglists), std::end(arglists), std::size_t{1},
281       [](const std::size_t res, const std::vector<int64_t>& arglist) {
282         return res * arglist.size();
283       });
284   std::vector<int64_t> args;
285   args.reserve(arglists.size());
286   for (std::size_t i = 0; i < total; i++) {
287     for (std::size_t arg = 0; arg < arglists.size(); arg++) {
288       args.push_back(arglists[arg][indices[arg]]);
289     }
290     args_.push_back(args);
291     args.clear();
292 
293     std::size_t arg = 0;
294     do {
295       indices[arg] = (indices[arg] + 1) % arglists[arg].size();
296     } while (indices[arg++] == 0 && arg < arglists.size());
297   }
298 
299   return this;
300 }
301 
ArgName(const std::string & name)302 Benchmark* Benchmark::ArgName(const std::string& name) {
303   BM_CHECK(ArgsCnt() == -1 || ArgsCnt() == 1);
304   arg_names_ = {name};
305   return this;
306 }
307 
ArgNames(const std::vector<std::string> & names)308 Benchmark* Benchmark::ArgNames(const std::vector<std::string>& names) {
309   BM_CHECK(ArgsCnt() == -1 || ArgsCnt() == static_cast<int>(names.size()));
310   arg_names_ = names;
311   return this;
312 }
313 
DenseRange(int64_t start,int64_t limit,int step)314 Benchmark* Benchmark::DenseRange(int64_t start, int64_t limit, int step) {
315   BM_CHECK(ArgsCnt() == -1 || ArgsCnt() == 1);
316   BM_CHECK_LE(start, limit);
317   for (int64_t arg = start; arg <= limit; arg += step) {
318     args_.push_back({arg});
319   }
320   return this;
321 }
322 
Args(const std::vector<int64_t> & args)323 Benchmark* Benchmark::Args(const std::vector<int64_t>& args) {
324   BM_CHECK(ArgsCnt() == -1 || ArgsCnt() == static_cast<int>(args.size()));
325   args_.push_back(args);
326   return this;
327 }
328 
Apply(void (* custom_arguments)(Benchmark * benchmark))329 Benchmark* Benchmark::Apply(void (*custom_arguments)(Benchmark* benchmark)) {
330   custom_arguments(this);
331   return this;
332 }
333 
Setup(void (* setup)(const benchmark::State &))334 Benchmark* Benchmark::Setup(void (*setup)(const benchmark::State&)) {
335   BM_CHECK(setup != nullptr);
336   setup_ = setup;
337   return this;
338 }
339 
Teardown(void (* teardown)(const benchmark::State &))340 Benchmark* Benchmark::Teardown(void (*teardown)(const benchmark::State&)) {
341   BM_CHECK(teardown != nullptr);
342   teardown_ = teardown;
343   return this;
344 }
345 
RangeMultiplier(int multiplier)346 Benchmark* Benchmark::RangeMultiplier(int multiplier) {
347   BM_CHECK(multiplier > 1);
348   range_multiplier_ = multiplier;
349   return this;
350 }
351 
MinTime(double t)352 Benchmark* Benchmark::MinTime(double t) {
353   BM_CHECK(t > 0.0);
354   BM_CHECK(iterations_ == 0);
355   min_time_ = t;
356   return this;
357 }
358 
MinWarmUpTime(double t)359 Benchmark* Benchmark::MinWarmUpTime(double t) {
360   BM_CHECK(t >= 0.0);
361   BM_CHECK(iterations_ == 0);
362   min_warmup_time_ = t;
363   return this;
364 }
365 
Iterations(IterationCount n)366 Benchmark* Benchmark::Iterations(IterationCount n) {
367   BM_CHECK(n > 0);
368   BM_CHECK(IsZero(min_time_));
369   BM_CHECK(IsZero(min_warmup_time_));
370   iterations_ = n;
371   return this;
372 }
373 
Repetitions(int n)374 Benchmark* Benchmark::Repetitions(int n) {
375   BM_CHECK(n > 0);
376   repetitions_ = n;
377   return this;
378 }
379 
ReportAggregatesOnly(bool value)380 Benchmark* Benchmark::ReportAggregatesOnly(bool value) {
381   aggregation_report_mode_ = value ? ARM_ReportAggregatesOnly : ARM_Default;
382   return this;
383 }
384 
DisplayAggregatesOnly(bool value)385 Benchmark* Benchmark::DisplayAggregatesOnly(bool value) {
386   // If we were called, the report mode is no longer 'unspecified', in any case.
387   aggregation_report_mode_ = static_cast<AggregationReportMode>(
388       aggregation_report_mode_ | ARM_Default);
389 
390   if (value) {
391     aggregation_report_mode_ = static_cast<AggregationReportMode>(
392         aggregation_report_mode_ | ARM_DisplayReportAggregatesOnly);
393   } else {
394     aggregation_report_mode_ = static_cast<AggregationReportMode>(
395         aggregation_report_mode_ & ~ARM_DisplayReportAggregatesOnly);
396   }
397 
398   return this;
399 }
400 
MeasureProcessCPUTime()401 Benchmark* Benchmark::MeasureProcessCPUTime() {
402   // Can be used together with UseRealTime() / UseManualTime().
403   measure_process_cpu_time_ = true;
404   return this;
405 }
406 
UseRealTime()407 Benchmark* Benchmark::UseRealTime() {
408   BM_CHECK(!use_manual_time_)
409       << "Cannot set UseRealTime and UseManualTime simultaneously.";
410   use_real_time_ = true;
411   return this;
412 }
413 
UseManualTime()414 Benchmark* Benchmark::UseManualTime() {
415   BM_CHECK(!use_real_time_)
416       << "Cannot set UseRealTime and UseManualTime simultaneously.";
417   use_manual_time_ = true;
418   return this;
419 }
420 
Complexity(BigO complexity)421 Benchmark* Benchmark::Complexity(BigO complexity) {
422   complexity_ = complexity;
423   return this;
424 }
425 
Complexity(BigOFunc * complexity)426 Benchmark* Benchmark::Complexity(BigOFunc* complexity) {
427   complexity_lambda_ = complexity;
428   complexity_ = oLambda;
429   return this;
430 }
431 
ComputeStatistics(const std::string & name,StatisticsFunc * statistics,StatisticUnit unit)432 Benchmark* Benchmark::ComputeStatistics(const std::string& name,
433                                         StatisticsFunc* statistics,
434                                         StatisticUnit unit) {
435   statistics_.emplace_back(name, statistics, unit);
436   return this;
437 }
438 
Threads(int t)439 Benchmark* Benchmark::Threads(int t) {
440   BM_CHECK_GT(t, 0);
441   thread_counts_.push_back(t);
442   return this;
443 }
444 
ThreadRange(int min_threads,int max_threads)445 Benchmark* Benchmark::ThreadRange(int min_threads, int max_threads) {
446   BM_CHECK_GT(min_threads, 0);
447   BM_CHECK_GE(max_threads, min_threads);
448 
449   AddRange(&thread_counts_, min_threads, max_threads, 2);
450   return this;
451 }
452 
DenseThreadRange(int min_threads,int max_threads,int stride)453 Benchmark* Benchmark::DenseThreadRange(int min_threads, int max_threads,
454                                        int stride) {
455   BM_CHECK_GT(min_threads, 0);
456   BM_CHECK_GE(max_threads, min_threads);
457   BM_CHECK_GE(stride, 1);
458 
459   for (auto i = min_threads; i < max_threads; i += stride) {
460     thread_counts_.push_back(i);
461   }
462   thread_counts_.push_back(max_threads);
463   return this;
464 }
465 
ThreadPerCpu()466 Benchmark* Benchmark::ThreadPerCpu() {
467   thread_counts_.push_back(CPUInfo::Get().num_cpus);
468   return this;
469 }
470 
SetName(const std::string & name)471 void Benchmark::SetName(const std::string& name) { name_ = name; }
472 
GetName() const473 const char* Benchmark::GetName() const { return name_.c_str(); }
474 
ArgsCnt() const475 int Benchmark::ArgsCnt() const {
476   if (args_.empty()) {
477     if (arg_names_.empty()) return -1;
478     return static_cast<int>(arg_names_.size());
479   }
480   return static_cast<int>(args_.front().size());
481 }
482 
GetArgName(int arg) const483 const char* Benchmark::GetArgName(int arg) const {
484   BM_CHECK_GE(arg, 0);
485   BM_CHECK_LT(arg, static_cast<int>(arg_names_.size()));
486   return arg_names_[arg].c_str();
487 }
488 
GetTimeUnit() const489 TimeUnit Benchmark::GetTimeUnit() const {
490   return use_default_time_unit_ ? GetDefaultTimeUnit() : time_unit_;
491 }
492 
493 //=============================================================================//
494 //                            FunctionBenchmark
495 //=============================================================================//
496 
Run(State & st)497 void FunctionBenchmark::Run(State& st) { func_(st); }
498 
499 }  // end namespace internal
500 
ClearRegisteredBenchmarks()501 void ClearRegisteredBenchmarks() {
502   internal::BenchmarkFamilies::GetInstance()->ClearBenchmarks();
503 }
504 
CreateRange(int64_t lo,int64_t hi,int multi)505 std::vector<int64_t> CreateRange(int64_t lo, int64_t hi, int multi) {
506   std::vector<int64_t> args;
507   internal::AddRange(&args, lo, hi, multi);
508   return args;
509 }
510 
CreateDenseRange(int64_t start,int64_t limit,int step)511 std::vector<int64_t> CreateDenseRange(int64_t start, int64_t limit, int step) {
512   BM_CHECK_LE(start, limit);
513   std::vector<int64_t> args;
514   for (int64_t arg = start; arg <= limit; arg += step) {
515     args.push_back(arg);
516   }
517   return args;
518 }
519 
520 }  // end namespace benchmark
521