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1 // Copyright 2019 the V8 project authors. All rights reserved.
2 // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
3 // found in the LICENSE file.
4 
5 // This file defines the public interface to v8_debug_helper.
6 
7 #ifndef V8_TOOLS_DEBUG_HELPER_DEBUG_HELPER_H_
8 #define V8_TOOLS_DEBUG_HELPER_DEBUG_HELPER_H_
9 
10 #include <cstdint>
11 #include <memory>
12 
13 #if defined(_WIN32)
14 
15 #ifdef BUILDING_V8_DEBUG_HELPER
16 #define V8_DEBUG_HELPER_EXPORT __declspec(dllexport)
17 #elif USING_V8_DEBUG_HELPER
18 #define V8_DEBUG_HELPER_EXPORT __declspec(dllimport)
19 #else
20 #define V8_DEBUG_HELPER_EXPORT
21 #endif
22 
23 #else  // defined(_WIN32)
24 
25 #ifdef BUILDING_V8_DEBUG_HELPER
26 #define V8_DEBUG_HELPER_EXPORT __attribute__((visibility("default")))
27 #else
28 #define V8_DEBUG_HELPER_EXPORT
29 #endif
30 
31 #endif  // defined(_WIN32)
32 
33 namespace v8 {
34 namespace debug_helper {
35 
36 // Possible results when attempting to fetch memory from the debuggee.
37 enum class MemoryAccessResult {
38   kOk,
39   kAddressNotValid,
40   kAddressValidButInaccessible,  // Possible in incomplete dump.
41 };
42 
43 // Information about how this tool discovered the type of the object.
44 enum class TypeCheckResult {
45   // Success cases:
46   kSmi,
47   kWeakRef,
48   kUsedMap,
49   kKnownMapPointer,
50   kUsedTypeHint,
51 
52   // Failure cases:
53   kUnableToDecompress,  // Caller must provide the heap range somehow.
54   kObjectPointerInvalid,
55   kObjectPointerValidButInaccessible,  // Possible in incomplete dump.
56   kMapPointerInvalid,
57   kMapPointerValidButInaccessible,  // Possible in incomplete dump.
58   kUnknownInstanceType,
59   kUnknownTypeHint,
60 };
61 
62 enum class PropertyKind {
63   kSingle,
64   kArrayOfKnownSize,
65   kArrayOfUnknownSizeDueToInvalidMemory,
66   kArrayOfUnknownSizeDueToValidButInaccessibleMemory,
67 };
68 
69 struct PropertyBase {
70   const char* name;
71 
72   // Statically-determined type, such as from .tq definition. Can be an empty
73   // string if this property is itself a Torque-defined struct; in that case use
74   // |struct_fields| instead. This type should be treated as if it were used in
75   // the v8::internal namespace; that is, type "X::Y" can mean any of the
76   // following, in order of decreasing preference:
77   // - v8::internal::X::Y
78   // - v8::X::Y
79   // - X::Y
80   const char* type;
81 
82   // In some cases, |type| may be a simple type representing a compressed
83   // pointer such as v8::internal::TaggedValue. In those cases,
84   // |decompressed_type| will contain the type of the object when decompressed.
85   // Otherwise, |decompressed_type| will match |type|. In any case, it is safe
86   // to pass the |decompressed_type| value as the type_hint on a subsequent call
87   // to GetObjectProperties.
88   const char* decompressed_type;
89 };
90 
91 struct StructProperty : public PropertyBase {
92   // The offset from the beginning of the struct to this field.
93   size_t offset;
94 
95   // The number of bits that are present, if this value is a bitfield. Zero
96   // indicates that this value is not a bitfield (the full value is stored).
97   uint8_t num_bits;
98 
99   // The number of bits by which this value has been left-shifted for storage as
100   // a bitfield.
101   uint8_t shift_bits;
102 };
103 
104 struct ObjectProperty : public PropertyBase {
105   // The address where the property value can be found in the debuggee's address
106   // space, or the address of the first value for an array.
107   uintptr_t address;
108 
109   // If kind indicates an array of unknown size, num_values will be 0 and debug
110   // tools should display this property as a raw pointer. Note that there is a
111   // semantic difference between num_values=1 and kind=kSingle (normal property)
112   // versus num_values=1 and kind=kArrayOfKnownSize (one-element array).
113   size_t num_values;
114 
115   // The number of bytes occupied by a single instance of the value type for
116   // this property. This can also be used as the array stride because arrays are
117   // tightly packed like in C.
118   size_t size;
119 
120   // If the property is a struct made up of several pieces of data packed
121   // together, then the |struct_fields| array contains descriptions of those
122   // fields.
123   size_t num_struct_fields;
124   StructProperty** struct_fields;
125 
126   PropertyKind kind;
127 };
128 
129 struct ObjectPropertiesResult {
130   TypeCheckResult type_check_result;
131   const char* brief;
132   const char* type;  // Runtime type of the object.
133   size_t num_properties;
134   ObjectProperty** properties;
135 
136   // If not all relevant memory is available, GetObjectProperties may respond
137   // with a technically correct but uninteresting type such as HeapObject, and
138   // use other heuristics to make reasonable guesses about what specific type
139   // the object actually is. You may request data about the same object again
140   // using any of these guesses as the type hint, but the results should be
141   // formatted to the user in a way that clearly indicates that they're only
142   // guesses.
143   size_t num_guessed_types;
144   const char** guessed_types;
145 };
146 
147 struct StackFrameResult {
148   size_t num_properties;
149   ObjectProperty** properties;
150 };
151 
152 // Copies byte_count bytes of memory from the given address in the debuggee to
153 // the destination buffer.
154 typedef MemoryAccessResult (*MemoryAccessor)(uintptr_t address,
155                                              void* destination,
156                                              size_t byte_count);
157 
158 // Additional data that can help GetObjectProperties to be more accurate. Any
159 // fields you don't know can be set to zero and this library will do the best it
160 // can with the information available.
161 struct HeapAddresses {
162   // Beginning of allocated space for various kinds of data. These can help us
163   // to detect certain common objects that are placed in memory during startup.
164   // These values might be provided via name-value pairs in CrashPad dumps.
165   // Otherwise, they can be obtained as follows:
166   // 1. Get the Isolate pointer for the current thread. It might be somewhere on
167   //    the stack, or it might be accessible from thread-local storage with the
168   //    key stored in v8::internal::Isolate::isolate_key_.
169   // 2. Get isolate->heap_.map_space_->memory_chunk_list_.front_ and similar for
170   //    old_space_ and read_only_space_.
171   uintptr_t map_space_first_page;
172   uintptr_t old_space_first_page;
173   uintptr_t read_only_space_first_page;
174 
175   // Any valid heap pointer address. On platforms where pointer compression is
176   // enabled, this can allow us to get data from compressed pointers even if the
177   // other data above is not provided. The Isolate pointer is valid for this
178   // purpose if you have it.
179   uintptr_t any_heap_pointer;
180 };
181 
182 // Result type for ListObjectClasses.
183 struct ClassList {
184   size_t num_class_names;
185   const char* const* class_names;  // Fully qualified class names.
186 };
187 
188 }  // namespace debug_helper
189 }  // namespace v8
190 
191 extern "C" {
192 // Raw library interface. If possible, use functions in v8::debug_helper
193 // namespace instead because they use smart pointers to prevent leaks.
194 V8_DEBUG_HELPER_EXPORT v8::debug_helper::ObjectPropertiesResult*
195 _v8_debug_helper_GetObjectProperties(
196     uintptr_t object, v8::debug_helper::MemoryAccessor memory_accessor,
197     const v8::debug_helper::HeapAddresses& heap_addresses,
198     const char* type_hint);
199 V8_DEBUG_HELPER_EXPORT void _v8_debug_helper_Free_ObjectPropertiesResult(
200     v8::debug_helper::ObjectPropertiesResult* result);
201 V8_DEBUG_HELPER_EXPORT v8::debug_helper::StackFrameResult*
202 _v8_debug_helper_GetStackFrame(
203     uintptr_t frame_pointer, v8::debug_helper::MemoryAccessor memory_accessor);
204 V8_DEBUG_HELPER_EXPORT void _v8_debug_helper_Free_StackFrameResult(
205     v8::debug_helper::StackFrameResult* result);
206 V8_DEBUG_HELPER_EXPORT const v8::debug_helper::ClassList*
207 _v8_debug_helper_ListObjectClasses();
208 V8_DEBUG_HELPER_EXPORT const char* _v8_debug_helper_BitsetName(
209     uint64_t payload);
210 }
211 
212 namespace v8 {
213 namespace debug_helper {
214 
215 struct DebugHelperObjectPropertiesResultDeleter {
operatorDebugHelperObjectPropertiesResultDeleter216   void operator()(v8::debug_helper::ObjectPropertiesResult* ptr) {
217     _v8_debug_helper_Free_ObjectPropertiesResult(ptr);
218   }
219 };
220 using ObjectPropertiesResultPtr =
221     std::unique_ptr<ObjectPropertiesResult,
222                     DebugHelperObjectPropertiesResultDeleter>;
223 
224 // Get information about the given object pointer, which could be:
225 // - A tagged pointer, strong or weak
226 // - A cleared weak pointer
227 // - A compressed tagged pointer, zero-extended to 64 bits
228 // - A tagged small integer
229 // The type hint is only used if the object's Map is missing or corrupt. It
230 // should be the fully-qualified name of a class that inherits from
231 // v8::internal::Object.
232 inline ObjectPropertiesResultPtr GetObjectProperties(
233     uintptr_t object, v8::debug_helper::MemoryAccessor memory_accessor,
234     const HeapAddresses& heap_addresses, const char* type_hint = nullptr) {
235   return ObjectPropertiesResultPtr(_v8_debug_helper_GetObjectProperties(
236       object, memory_accessor, heap_addresses, type_hint));
237 }
238 
239 // Get a list of all class names deriving from v8::internal::Object.
ListObjectClasses()240 inline const ClassList* ListObjectClasses() {
241   return _v8_debug_helper_ListObjectClasses();
242 }
243 
244 // Return a bitset name for a v8::internal::compiler::Type with payload or null
245 // if the payload is not a bitset.
BitsetName(uint64_t payload)246 inline const char* BitsetName(uint64_t payload) {
247   return _v8_debug_helper_BitsetName(payload);
248 }
249 
250 struct DebugHelperStackFrameResultDeleter {
operatorDebugHelperStackFrameResultDeleter251   void operator()(v8::debug_helper::StackFrameResult* ptr) {
252     _v8_debug_helper_Free_StackFrameResult(ptr);
253   }
254 };
255 using StackFrameResultPtr =
256     std::unique_ptr<StackFrameResult, DebugHelperStackFrameResultDeleter>;
257 
GetStackFrame(uintptr_t frame_pointer,v8::debug_helper::MemoryAccessor memory_accessor)258 inline StackFrameResultPtr GetStackFrame(
259     uintptr_t frame_pointer, v8::debug_helper::MemoryAccessor memory_accessor) {
260   return StackFrameResultPtr(
261       _v8_debug_helper_GetStackFrame(frame_pointer, memory_accessor));
262 }
263 
264 }  // namespace debug_helper
265 }  // namespace v8
266 
267 #endif
268