Lines Matching +full:echo +full:- +full:active +full:- +full:ms
1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
11 Corrections, HA extensions: 2000/10/03-15:
13 - Willy Tarreau <willy at meta-x.org>
14 - Constantine Gavrilov <const-g at xpert.com>
15 - Chad N. Tindel <ctindel at ieee dot org>
16 - Janice Girouard <girouard at us dot ibm dot com>
17 - Jay Vosburgh <fubar at us dot ibm dot com>
22 - Mitch Williams <mitch.a.williams at intel.com>
35 the original tools from extreme-linux and beowulf sites will not work
119 -----------------------------------------------
135 ---------------------------
148 ``/etc/modprobe.d/*.conf`` configuration files, or in a distro-specific
156 configuring a bond, it is recommended "tail -f /var/log/messages" be
172 Specifies the new active slave for modes that support it
173 (active-backup, balance-alb and balance-tlb). Possible values
176 to be selected as the new active slave. If an empty string is
177 specified, the current active slave is cleared, and a new active
184 active slave, or the empty string if there is no active slave or
185 the current mode does not use an active slave.
190 is 1 - 65535. If the value is not specified, it takes 65535 as the
198 In an AD system, this specifies the mac-address for the actor in
200 address. If the all-zeroes MAC is specified, bonding will internally
202 local-admin bit set for this mac but driver does not enforce it. If
216 The active aggregator is chosen by largest aggregate
219 Reselection of the active aggregator occurs only when all
220 slaves of the active aggregator are down or the active
227 The active aggregator is chosen by largest aggregate
230 - A slave is added to or removed from the bond
232 - Any slave's link state changes
234 - Any slave's 802.3ad association state changes
236 - The bond's administrative state changes to up
240 The active aggregator is chosen by the largest number of
245 802.3ad aggregations when partial failure of the active aggregator
247 (either in bandwidth or in number of ports) active at all times.
253 In an AD system, the port-key has three parts as shown below -
259 01-05 Speed
260 06-15 User-defined
264 from 0 - 1023. If not given, the system defaults to 0.
320 non-ARP traffic should be filtered (disregarded) for link
329 active or 1
331 Validation is performed only for the active slave.
349 only for the active slave.
362 For an active slave, the validation checks ARP replies to confirm
366 active slave. It is possible that some switch or network
373 the active slave failure, it doesn't really guarantee that the
374 backup slave will work if it's selected as the next active slave.
410 This option affects only active-backup mode for slaves with
436 Specifies whether active-backup mode should set all slaves to
446 bonding to set all slaves of an active-backup bond to
450 active or 1
452 The "active" fail_over_mac policy indicates that the
454 address of the currently active slave. The MAC
486 failover time (and the formerly active slave receives
487 the newly active slave's MAC address).
496 change its MAC address, in which case the active policy is
539 Specifies the minimum number of links that must be active before
540 asserting carrier. It is similar to the Cisco EtherChannel min-links
542 must be up (link-up state) before marking the bond device as up
545 links are active before switchover. This option only affect 802.3ad
549 802.3ad mode) whenever there is an active aggregator, regardless of the
551 aggregator cannot be active without at least one available link,
557 balance-rr (round robin). Possible values are:
559 balance-rr or 0
561 Round-robin policy: Transmit packets in sequential
566 active-backup or 1
568 Active-backup policy: Only one slave in the bond is
569 active. A different slave becomes active if, and only
570 if, the active slave fails. The bond's MAC address is
575 occurs in active-backup mode, bonding will issue one
576 or more gratuitous ARPs on the newly active slave.
587 balance-xor or 2
607 duplex settings. Utilizes all slaves in the active
615 regards to the packet mis-ordering requirements of
631 balance-tlb or 5
653 balance-alb or 6
655 Adaptive load balancing: includes balance-tlb plus
683 and when an inactive slave is re-activated. The
689 active slaves in the bond by initiating ARP Replies
718 bonding device and each VLAN sub-device. This is repeated at
722 The valid range is 0 - 255; the default value is 1. These options
723 affect only the active-backup mode. These options were added for
736 The valid range is 0 - 65535; the default value is 1. This option
737 has effect only in balance-rr mode.
745 (arp_interval or miimon, whichever is active). The default
753 active slave while it is available. Only when the primary is
754 off-line will alternate devices be used. This is useful when
758 The primary option is only valid for active-backup(1),
759 balance-tlb (5) and balance-alb (6) mode.
764 affects how the primary slave is chosen to become the active slave
765 when failure of the active slave or recovery of the primary slave
766 occurs. This option is designed to prevent flip-flopping between
771 The primary slave becomes the active slave whenever it
776 The primary slave becomes the active slave when it comes
778 better than the speed and duplex of the current active
783 The primary slave becomes the active slave only if the
784 current active slave fails and the primary slave is up.
788 If no slaves are active, the first slave to recover is
789 made the active slave.
792 the active slave.
795 immediate selection of the best active slave according to the new
796 policy. This may or may not result in a change of the active
806 The default behavior of tlb mode is to shuffle active flows across
808 characteristics but can cause packet reordering. If re-ordering is
811 xmit-hash-policy can be used to select the appropriate hashing for
856 balance-xor, 802.3ad, and tlb modes. Possible values are:
889 network peer on the same slave. For non-IP traffic,
921 information is omitted. For non-IP traffic, the
964 the failover, subsequent packets are sent in each 200ms interval.
966 The valid range is 0 - 255; the default value is 1. A value of 0
970 This option is useful for bonding modes balance-rr (0), active-backup
971 (1), balance-tlb (5) and balance-alb (6), in which a failover can
983 The valid range is 1 - 0x7fffffff; the default value is 1. This Option
984 has effect only in balance-tlb and balance-alb modes.
1012 $ rpm -qf /sbin/ifup
1027 ----------------------------------------
1040 ifcfg-id file for each slave device. The simplest way to accomplish
1042 file ifcfg-id file created; see below for some issues with DHCP). The
1045 ifcfg-id-xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx
1050 Once the set of ifcfg-id-xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx files has been
1060 _nm_name='bus-pci-0001:61:01.0'
1070 Once the ifcfg-id-xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx files have been modified,
1072 itself. This file is named ifcfg-bondX, where X is the number of the
1074 ifcfg-bond0, the second is ifcfg-bond1, and so on. The sysconfig
1078 The contents of the ifcfg-bondX file is as follows::
1088 BONDING_MODULE_OPTS="mode=active-backup miimon=100"
1090 BONDING_SLAVE1="bus-pci-0000:06:08.1"
1129 (bus-pci-0000:06:08.1 in the example above) specify the physical
1160 -------------------------------
1166 the slave devices. Without active slaves, the DHCP requests are not
1170 -----------------------------------------------
1174 bonding instance to have an appropriately configured ifcfg-bondX file
1178 ifcfg-bondX files.
1181 options in the ifcfg-bondX file, it is not necessary to add them to
1185 ------------------------------------------
1198 network-script file for all physical adapters that will be members of
1201 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts
1203 The file name must be prefixed with "ifcfg-eth" and suffixed
1205 for eth0 would be named /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0.
1216 must correspond with the name of the file, i.e., ifcfg-eth1 must have
1224 script will be /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-bondX where X is
1225 the number of the bond. For bond0 the file is named "ifcfg-bond0",
1226 for bond1 it is named "ifcfg-bond1", and so on. Within that file,
1243 and, indeed, preferable, to specify the bonding options in the ifcfg-bond0
1246 BONDING_OPTS="mode=active-backup arp_interval=60 arp_ip_target=192.168.1.254"
1269 options bond0 mode=balance-alb miimon=100
1279 ---------------------------------
1292 -------------------------------------------------
1296 specifying the appropriate BONDING_OPTS= in ifcfg-bondX where X is the
1304 -----------------------------------------------
1323 modprobe bonding mode=balance-alb miimon=100
1346 enabled without re-running the entire global init script.
1362 -----------------------------------------
1391 options bond0 -o bond0 mode=balance-rr miimon=100
1394 options bond1 -o bond1 mode=balance-alb miimon=50
1397 named "bond0" and creates the bond0 device in balance-rr mode with an
1399 bond1 device in balance-alb mode with an miimon of 50.
1406 install bond1 /sbin/modprobe --ignore-install bonding -o bond1 \
1407 mode=balance-alb miimon=50
1413 to rename modules at load time (the "-o bond1" part). Attempts to pass
1421 ------------------------------------------
1441 -----------------------------
1444 # echo +foo > /sys/class/net/bonding_masters
1448 # echo -bar > /sys/class/net/bonding_masters
1461 --------------------------
1469 # echo +eth0 > /sys/class/net/bond0/bonding/slaves
1473 # echo -eth0 > /sys/class/net/bond0/bonding/slaves
1482 # echo -eth0 > /sys/class/net/eth0/master/bonding/slaves
1487 -------------------------------
1491 The names of these files correspond directly with the command-
1500 To configure bond0 for balance-alb mode::
1503 # echo 6 > /sys/class/net/bond0/bonding/mode
1504 - or -
1505 # echo balance-alb > /sys/class/net/bond0/bonding/mode
1513 # echo 1000 > /sys/class/net/bond0/bonding/miimon
1518 monitoring is enabled, and vice-versa.
1522 # echo +192.168.0.100 > /sys/class/net/bond0/bonding/arp_ip_target
1523 # echo +192.168.0.101 > /sys/class/net/bond0/bonding/arp_ip_target
1531 # echo -192.168.0.100 > /sys/class/net/bond0/bonding/arp_ip_target
1535 # echo 12 > /sys/class/net/bond0/bonding/lp_interval
1544 ---------------------
1555 echo balance-alb > /sys/class/net/bond0/bonding/mode
1557 echo 100 > /sys/class/net/bond0/bonding/miimon
1558 echo +eth0 > /sys/class/net/bond0/bonding/slaves
1559 echo +eth1 > /sys/class/net/bond0/bonding/slaves
1562 active-backup mode, using ARP monitoring, add the following lines to
1566 echo +bond1 > /sys/class/net/bonding_masters
1567 echo active-backup > /sys/class/net/bond1/bonding/mode
1569 echo +192.168.2.100 /sys/class/net/bond1/bonding/arp_ip_target
1570 echo 2000 > /sys/class/net/bond1/bonding/arp_interval
1571 echo +eth2 > /sys/class/net/bond1/bonding/slaves
1572 echo +eth3 > /sys/class/net/bond1/bonding/slaves
1575 -----------------------------------------
1582 the box. The ifenslave-2.6 package should be installed to provide bonding
1583 support. Once installed, this package will provide ``bond-*`` options
1586 Note that ifenslave-2.6 package will load the bonding module and use
1590 ----------------------
1593 active-backup mode, with eth0 and eth1 as slaves::
1597 bond-slaves eth0 eth1
1598 bond-mode active-backup
1599 bond-miimon 100
1600 bond-primary eth0 eth1
1609 bond-slaves none
1610 bond-mode active-backup
1611 bond-miimon 100
1615 bond-master bond0
1616 bond-primary eth0 eth1
1620 bond-master bond0
1621 bond-primary eth0 eth1
1623 For a full list of ``bond-*`` supported options in /etc/network/interfaces and
1625 /usr/share/doc/ifenslave-2.6.
1628 ----------------------------------------------
1651 Bonding Mode: fault-tolerance (active-backup)
1653 Currently Active Slave: eth0
1655 MII Polling Interval (ms): 0
1656 Up Delay (ms): 0
1657 Down Delay (ms): 0
1673 # echo "eth1:2" > /sys/class/net/bond0/bonding/queue_id
1702 a pass-through for selecting output queues on the slave device rather than
1706 output slave selection was limited to round-robin and active-backup modes.
1709 ----------------------------------------------------------
1725 (a) ad_actor_system : You can set a random mac-address that can be used for
1727 Also it's preferable to set the local-admin bit. Following shell code
1728 generates a random mac-address as described above::
1737 # echo $sys_mac_addr > /sys/class/net/bond0/bonding/ad_actor_system
1740 is 65535, but system can take the value from 1 - 65535. Following shell
1744 # echo $sys_prio > /sys/class/net/bond0/bonding/ad_actor_sys_prio
1746 (c) ad_user_port_key : Use the user portion of the port-key. The default
1747 keeps this empty. These are the upper 10 bits of the port-key and value
1748 ranges from 0 - 1023. Following shell code generates these 10 bits and
1752 # echo $usr_port_key > /sys/class/net/bond0/bonding/ad_user_port_key
1759 -------------------------
1761 Each bonding device has a read-only file residing in the
1770 Bonding Mode: load balancing (round-robin)
1771 Currently Active Slave: eth0
1773 MII Polling Interval (ms): 1000
1774 Up Delay (ms): 0
1775 Down Delay (ms): 0
1789 -------------------------
1832 The active-backup, balance-tlb and balance-alb modes do not
1843 The balance-rr, balance-xor and broadcast modes generally
1875 "un-accelerated" by the bonding driver so the VLAN tag sits in the
1882 would pick up the all-zeroes hardware address. Once the first slave
1903 underlying device -- i.e. the bonding interface -- to promiscuous
1919 -------------------------
1929 date the last receive time, dev->last_rx. Drivers that use NETIF_F_LLTX
1930 flag must also update netdev_queue->trans_start. If they do not, then the
1937 ------------------------------------
1960 -------------------------
1989 -------------------------
2024 ----------------------------
2035 options bond0 mode=some-mode miimon=50
2068 ---------------------------------------------------------
2153 For the balance-rr, balance-xor, broadcast, and 802.3ad modes,
2156 For the active-backup, balance-tlb and balance-alb modes, the
2157 promiscuous mode setting is propagated only to the active slave.
2159 For balance-tlb mode, the active slave is the slave currently
2162 For balance-alb mode, the active slave is the slave used as a
2163 "primary." This slave is used for mode-specific control traffic, for
2166 For the active-backup, balance-tlb and balance-alb modes, when
2167 the active slave changes (e.g., due to a link failure), the
2168 promiscuous setting will be propagated to the new active slave.
2181 --------------------------------------------------
2195 ----------------------------------------------------
2206 +-----+----+ +-----+----+
2208 | switch A +--------------------------+ switch B |
2210 +-----+----+ +-----++---+
2212 | +-------+ |
2213 +-------------+ host1 +---------------+
2214 eth0 +-------+ eth1
2222 -------------------------------------------------------------
2224 In a topology such as the example above, the active-backup and
2229 active-backup:
2242 necessary for some specific one-way traffic to reach both
2246 ----------------------------------------------------------------
2262 regardless of which switch is active, the ARP monitor has a suitable
2279 ------------------------------------------------------
2295 +----------+ +----------+
2297 | Host A +---------------------+ router +------------------->
2298 | +---------------------+ | Hosts B and C are out
2300 +----------+ +----------+
2322 +----------+ +----------+ +--------+
2323 | |eth0 port1| +-------+ Host B |
2324 | Host A +------------+ switch |port3 +--------+
2325 | +------------+ | +--------+
2326 | |eth1 port2| +------------------+ Host C |
2327 +----------+ +----------+port4 +--------+
2350 -----------------------------------------------------------
2356 balance-rr:
2383 through the switch to a balance-rr bond will not utilize greater
2395 active-backup:
2397 the active-backup mode, as the inactive backup devices are all
2401 available bandwidth. On the plus side, active-backup mode
2406 balance-xor:
2416 As with balance-rr, the switch ports need to be configured for
2420 Like active-backup, there is not much advantage to this
2436 balance modes other than balance-rr, no single connection will
2452 balance-tlb:
2453 The balance-tlb mode balances outgoing traffic by peer.
2459 manner (not a simple XOR as in balance-xor or 802.3ad mode),
2471 balance-alb:
2472 This mode is everything that balance-tlb is, and more.
2473 It has all of the features (and restrictions) of balance-tlb,
2483 ----------------------------------------------------
2492 -----------------------------------------------------
2498 +-----------+
2500 +-+---+---+-+
2502 +--------+ | +---------+
2504 +------+---+ +-----+----+ +-----+----+
2506 +------+---+ +-----+----+ +-----+----+
2508 +--------+ | +---------+
2510 +-+---+---+-+
2512 +-----------+
2527 -------------------------------------------------------------
2530 configurations of this type is balance-rr. Historically, in this
2535 packets has arrived). When employed in this fashion, the balance-rr
2540 ------------------------------------------------------
2553 -------------------------------------------
2572 Note that when a bonding interface has no active links, the
2588 --------------------------------
2600 For example, on a bond in active-backup mode with five slaves
2603 # ping -n 10.0.4.2
2605 64 bytes from 10.0.4.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=13.7 ms
2606 64 bytes from 10.0.4.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=13.8 ms (DUP!)
2607 64 bytes from 10.0.4.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=13.8 ms (DUP!)
2608 64 bytes from 10.0.4.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=13.8 ms (DUP!)
2609 64 bytes from 10.0.4.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=13.8 ms (DUP!)
2610 64 bytes from 10.0.4.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.216 ms
2611 64 bytes from 10.0.4.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.267 ms
2612 64 bytes from 10.0.4.2: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.222 ms
2627 most Cisco switches, the privileged command "clear mac address-table
2638 --------------------
2643 balance-rr, active-backup, balance-tlb and balance-alb modes. This is
2648 --------------------------------
2651 integrated on the planar (that's "motherboard" in IBM-speak). In the
2654 An add-on Broadcom daughter card can be installed on a JS20 to provide
2663 Additional BladeCenter-specific networking information can be
2666 - "IBM eServer BladeCenter Networking Options"
2667 - "IBM eServer BladeCenter Layer 2-7 Network Switching"
2670 ------------------------------------
2695 -------------------------------
2697 The balance-rr mode requires the use of passthrough modules
2700 appropriate ports, as is usual for balance-rr.
2702 The balance-alb and balance-tlb modes will function with
2709 The active-backup mode has no additional requirements.
2712 ----------------------
2727 --------------
2737 avoid fail-over delay issues when using bonding.
2744 -------------------
2750 -----------------------------------------
2752 Any Ethernet type cards (you can even mix cards - a Intel
2757 slaves in active-backup mode.
2760 ----------------------------------------
2765 ----------------------------------------------
2772 ----------------------------------------
2775 disabled. The active-backup mode will fail over to a backup link, and
2795 ----------------------------------------------
2800 ---------------------------------------------
2804 In the basic balance modes (balance-rr and balance-xor), it
2809 The advanced balance modes (balance-tlb and balance-alb) do
2818 The active-backup mode should work with any Layer-II switch.
2821 ---------------------------------------------------------
2825 the MAC address of the active slave.
2843 # ifconfig bond0 down ; modprobe -r bonding
2851 from the bond (``ifenslave -d bond0 eth0``). The bonding driver will
2873 http://vger.kernel.org/vger-lists.html#netdev