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1#!/usr/bin/env python3
2
3# portions copyright 2001, Autonomous Zones Industries, Inc., all rights...
4# err...  reserved and offered to the public under the terms of the
5# Python 2.2 license.
6# Author: Zooko O'Whielacronx
7# http://zooko.com/
8# mailto:zooko@zooko.com
9#
10# Copyright 2000, Mojam Media, Inc., all rights reserved.
11# Author: Skip Montanaro
12#
13# Copyright 1999, Bioreason, Inc., all rights reserved.
14# Author: Andrew Dalke
15#
16# Copyright 1995-1997, Automatrix, Inc., all rights reserved.
17# Author: Skip Montanaro
18#
19# Copyright 1991-1995, Stichting Mathematisch Centrum, all rights reserved.
20#
21#
22# Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this Python software and
23# its associated documentation for any purpose without fee is hereby
24# granted, provided that the above copyright notice appears in all copies,
25# and that both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in
26# supporting documentation, and that the name of neither Automatrix,
27# Bioreason or Mojam Media be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to
28# distribution of the software without specific, written prior permission.
29#
30"""program/module to trace Python program or function execution
31
32Sample use, command line:
33  trace.py -c -f counts --ignore-dir '$prefix' spam.py eggs
34  trace.py -t --ignore-dir '$prefix' spam.py eggs
35  trace.py --trackcalls spam.py eggs
36
37Sample use, programmatically
38  import sys
39
40  # create a Trace object, telling it what to ignore, and whether to
41  # do tracing or line-counting or both.
42  tracer = trace.Trace(ignoredirs=[sys.base_prefix, sys.base_exec_prefix,],
43                       trace=0, count=1)
44  # run the new command using the given tracer
45  tracer.run('main()')
46  # make a report, placing output in /tmp
47  r = tracer.results()
48  r.write_results(show_missing=True, coverdir="/tmp")
49"""
50__all__ = ['Trace', 'CoverageResults']
51
52import linecache
53import os
54import re
55import sys
56import token
57import tokenize
58import inspect
59import gc
60import dis
61import pickle
62from time import monotonic as _time
63
64import threading
65
66PRAGMA_NOCOVER = "#pragma NO COVER"
67
68class _Ignore:
69    def __init__(self, modules=None, dirs=None):
70        self._mods = set() if not modules else set(modules)
71        self._dirs = [] if not dirs else [os.path.normpath(d)
72                                          for d in dirs]
73        self._ignore = { '<string>': 1 }
74
75    def names(self, filename, modulename):
76        if modulename in self._ignore:
77            return self._ignore[modulename]
78
79        # haven't seen this one before, so see if the module name is
80        # on the ignore list.
81        if modulename in self._mods:  # Identical names, so ignore
82            self._ignore[modulename] = 1
83            return 1
84
85        # check if the module is a proper submodule of something on
86        # the ignore list
87        for mod in self._mods:
88            # Need to take some care since ignoring
89            # "cmp" mustn't mean ignoring "cmpcache" but ignoring
90            # "Spam" must also mean ignoring "Spam.Eggs".
91            if modulename.startswith(mod + '.'):
92                self._ignore[modulename] = 1
93                return 1
94
95        # Now check that filename isn't in one of the directories
96        if filename is None:
97            # must be a built-in, so we must ignore
98            self._ignore[modulename] = 1
99            return 1
100
101        # Ignore a file when it contains one of the ignorable paths
102        for d in self._dirs:
103            # The '+ os.sep' is to ensure that d is a parent directory,
104            # as compared to cases like:
105            #  d = "/usr/local"
106            #  filename = "/usr/local.py"
107            # or
108            #  d = "/usr/local.py"
109            #  filename = "/usr/local.py"
110            if filename.startswith(d + os.sep):
111                self._ignore[modulename] = 1
112                return 1
113
114        # Tried the different ways, so we don't ignore this module
115        self._ignore[modulename] = 0
116        return 0
117
118def _modname(path):
119    """Return a plausible module name for the patch."""
120
121    base = os.path.basename(path)
122    filename, ext = os.path.splitext(base)
123    return filename
124
125def _fullmodname(path):
126    """Return a plausible module name for the path."""
127
128    # If the file 'path' is part of a package, then the filename isn't
129    # enough to uniquely identify it.  Try to do the right thing by
130    # looking in sys.path for the longest matching prefix.  We'll
131    # assume that the rest is the package name.
132
133    comparepath = os.path.normcase(path)
134    longest = ""
135    for dir in sys.path:
136        dir = os.path.normcase(dir)
137        if comparepath.startswith(dir) and comparepath[len(dir)] == os.sep:
138            if len(dir) > len(longest):
139                longest = dir
140
141    if longest:
142        base = path[len(longest) + 1:]
143    else:
144        base = path
145    # the drive letter is never part of the module name
146    drive, base = os.path.splitdrive(base)
147    base = base.replace(os.sep, ".")
148    if os.altsep:
149        base = base.replace(os.altsep, ".")
150    filename, ext = os.path.splitext(base)
151    return filename.lstrip(".")
152
153class CoverageResults:
154    def __init__(self, counts=None, calledfuncs=None, infile=None,
155                 callers=None, outfile=None):
156        self.counts = counts
157        if self.counts is None:
158            self.counts = {}
159        self.counter = self.counts.copy() # map (filename, lineno) to count
160        self.calledfuncs = calledfuncs
161        if self.calledfuncs is None:
162            self.calledfuncs = {}
163        self.calledfuncs = self.calledfuncs.copy()
164        self.callers = callers
165        if self.callers is None:
166            self.callers = {}
167        self.callers = self.callers.copy()
168        self.infile = infile
169        self.outfile = outfile
170        if self.infile:
171            # Try to merge existing counts file.
172            try:
173                with open(self.infile, 'rb') as f:
174                    counts, calledfuncs, callers = pickle.load(f)
175                self.update(self.__class__(counts, calledfuncs, callers))
176            except (OSError, EOFError, ValueError) as err:
177                print(("Skipping counts file %r: %s"
178                                      % (self.infile, err)), file=sys.stderr)
179
180    def is_ignored_filename(self, filename):
181        """Return True if the filename does not refer to a file
182        we want to have reported.
183        """
184        return filename.startswith('<') and filename.endswith('>')
185
186    def update(self, other):
187        """Merge in the data from another CoverageResults"""
188        counts = self.counts
189        calledfuncs = self.calledfuncs
190        callers = self.callers
191        other_counts = other.counts
192        other_calledfuncs = other.calledfuncs
193        other_callers = other.callers
194
195        for key in other_counts:
196            counts[key] = counts.get(key, 0) + other_counts[key]
197
198        for key in other_calledfuncs:
199            calledfuncs[key] = 1
200
201        for key in other_callers:
202            callers[key] = 1
203
204    def write_results(self, show_missing=True, summary=False, coverdir=None):
205        """
206        Write the coverage results.
207
208        :param show_missing: Show lines that had no hits.
209        :param summary: Include coverage summary per module.
210        :param coverdir: If None, the results of each module are placed in its
211                         directory, otherwise it is included in the directory
212                         specified.
213        """
214        if self.calledfuncs:
215            print()
216            print("functions called:")
217            calls = self.calledfuncs
218            for filename, modulename, funcname in sorted(calls):
219                print(("filename: %s, modulename: %s, funcname: %s"
220                       % (filename, modulename, funcname)))
221
222        if self.callers:
223            print()
224            print("calling relationships:")
225            lastfile = lastcfile = ""
226            for ((pfile, pmod, pfunc), (cfile, cmod, cfunc)) \
227                    in sorted(self.callers):
228                if pfile != lastfile:
229                    print()
230                    print("***", pfile, "***")
231                    lastfile = pfile
232                    lastcfile = ""
233                if cfile != pfile and lastcfile != cfile:
234                    print("  -->", cfile)
235                    lastcfile = cfile
236                print("    %s.%s -> %s.%s" % (pmod, pfunc, cmod, cfunc))
237
238        # turn the counts data ("(filename, lineno) = count") into something
239        # accessible on a per-file basis
240        per_file = {}
241        for filename, lineno in self.counts:
242            lines_hit = per_file[filename] = per_file.get(filename, {})
243            lines_hit[lineno] = self.counts[(filename, lineno)]
244
245        # accumulate summary info, if needed
246        sums = {}
247
248        for filename, count in per_file.items():
249            if self.is_ignored_filename(filename):
250                continue
251
252            if filename.endswith(".pyc"):
253                filename = filename[:-1]
254
255            if coverdir is None:
256                dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(filename))
257                modulename = _modname(filename)
258            else:
259                dir = coverdir
260                if not os.path.exists(dir):
261                    os.makedirs(dir)
262                modulename = _fullmodname(filename)
263
264            # If desired, get a list of the line numbers which represent
265            # executable content (returned as a dict for better lookup speed)
266            if show_missing:
267                lnotab = _find_executable_linenos(filename)
268            else:
269                lnotab = {}
270            source = linecache.getlines(filename)
271            coverpath = os.path.join(dir, modulename + ".cover")
272            with open(filename, 'rb') as fp:
273                encoding, _ = tokenize.detect_encoding(fp.readline)
274            n_hits, n_lines = self.write_results_file(coverpath, source,
275                                                      lnotab, count, encoding)
276            if summary and n_lines:
277                percent = int(100 * n_hits / n_lines)
278                sums[modulename] = n_lines, percent, modulename, filename
279
280
281        if summary and sums:
282            print("lines   cov%   module   (path)")
283            for m in sorted(sums):
284                n_lines, percent, modulename, filename = sums[m]
285                print("%5d   %3d%%   %s   (%s)" % sums[m])
286
287        if self.outfile:
288            # try and store counts and module info into self.outfile
289            try:
290                pickle.dump((self.counts, self.calledfuncs, self.callers),
291                            open(self.outfile, 'wb'), 1)
292            except OSError as err:
293                print("Can't save counts files because %s" % err, file=sys.stderr)
294
295    def write_results_file(self, path, lines, lnotab, lines_hit, encoding=None):
296        """Return a coverage results file in path."""
297        # ``lnotab`` is a dict of executable lines, or a line number "table"
298
299        try:
300            outfile = open(path, "w", encoding=encoding)
301        except OSError as err:
302            print(("trace: Could not open %r for writing: %s "
303                                  "- skipping" % (path, err)), file=sys.stderr)
304            return 0, 0
305
306        n_lines = 0
307        n_hits = 0
308        with outfile:
309            for lineno, line in enumerate(lines, 1):
310                # do the blank/comment match to try to mark more lines
311                # (help the reader find stuff that hasn't been covered)
312                if lineno in lines_hit:
313                    outfile.write("%5d: " % lines_hit[lineno])
314                    n_hits += 1
315                    n_lines += 1
316                elif lineno in lnotab and not PRAGMA_NOCOVER in line:
317                    # Highlight never-executed lines, unless the line contains
318                    # #pragma: NO COVER
319                    outfile.write(">>>>>> ")
320                    n_lines += 1
321                else:
322                    outfile.write("       ")
323                outfile.write(line.expandtabs(8))
324
325        return n_hits, n_lines
326
327def _find_lines_from_code(code, strs):
328    """Return dict where keys are lines in the line number table."""
329    linenos = {}
330
331    for _, lineno in dis.findlinestarts(code):
332        if lineno not in strs:
333            linenos[lineno] = 1
334
335    return linenos
336
337def _find_lines(code, strs):
338    """Return lineno dict for all code objects reachable from code."""
339    # get all of the lineno information from the code of this scope level
340    linenos = _find_lines_from_code(code, strs)
341
342    # and check the constants for references to other code objects
343    for c in code.co_consts:
344        if inspect.iscode(c):
345            # find another code object, so recurse into it
346            linenos.update(_find_lines(c, strs))
347    return linenos
348
349def _find_strings(filename, encoding=None):
350    """Return a dict of possible docstring positions.
351
352    The dict maps line numbers to strings.  There is an entry for
353    line that contains only a string or a part of a triple-quoted
354    string.
355    """
356    d = {}
357    # If the first token is a string, then it's the module docstring.
358    # Add this special case so that the test in the loop passes.
359    prev_ttype = token.INDENT
360    with open(filename, encoding=encoding) as f:
361        tok = tokenize.generate_tokens(f.readline)
362        for ttype, tstr, start, end, line in tok:
363            if ttype == token.STRING:
364                if prev_ttype == token.INDENT:
365                    sline, scol = start
366                    eline, ecol = end
367                    for i in range(sline, eline + 1):
368                        d[i] = 1
369            prev_ttype = ttype
370    return d
371
372def _find_executable_linenos(filename):
373    """Return dict where keys are line numbers in the line number table."""
374    try:
375        with tokenize.open(filename) as f:
376            prog = f.read()
377            encoding = f.encoding
378    except OSError as err:
379        print(("Not printing coverage data for %r: %s"
380                              % (filename, err)), file=sys.stderr)
381        return {}
382    code = compile(prog, filename, "exec")
383    strs = _find_strings(filename, encoding)
384    return _find_lines(code, strs)
385
386class Trace:
387    def __init__(self, count=1, trace=1, countfuncs=0, countcallers=0,
388                 ignoremods=(), ignoredirs=(), infile=None, outfile=None,
389                 timing=False):
390        """
391        @param count true iff it should count number of times each
392                     line is executed
393        @param trace true iff it should print out each line that is
394                     being counted
395        @param countfuncs true iff it should just output a list of
396                     (filename, modulename, funcname,) for functions
397                     that were called at least once;  This overrides
398                     `count' and `trace'
399        @param ignoremods a list of the names of modules to ignore
400        @param ignoredirs a list of the names of directories to ignore
401                     all of the (recursive) contents of
402        @param infile file from which to read stored counts to be
403                     added into the results
404        @param outfile file in which to write the results
405        @param timing true iff timing information be displayed
406        """
407        self.infile = infile
408        self.outfile = outfile
409        self.ignore = _Ignore(ignoremods, ignoredirs)
410        self.counts = {}   # keys are (filename, linenumber)
411        self.pathtobasename = {} # for memoizing os.path.basename
412        self.donothing = 0
413        self.trace = trace
414        self._calledfuncs = {}
415        self._callers = {}
416        self._caller_cache = {}
417        self.start_time = None
418        if timing:
419            self.start_time = _time()
420        if countcallers:
421            self.globaltrace = self.globaltrace_trackcallers
422        elif countfuncs:
423            self.globaltrace = self.globaltrace_countfuncs
424        elif trace and count:
425            self.globaltrace = self.globaltrace_lt
426            self.localtrace = self.localtrace_trace_and_count
427        elif trace:
428            self.globaltrace = self.globaltrace_lt
429            self.localtrace = self.localtrace_trace
430        elif count:
431            self.globaltrace = self.globaltrace_lt
432            self.localtrace = self.localtrace_count
433        else:
434            # Ahem -- do nothing?  Okay.
435            self.donothing = 1
436
437    def run(self, cmd):
438        import __main__
439        dict = __main__.__dict__
440        self.runctx(cmd, dict, dict)
441
442    def runctx(self, cmd, globals=None, locals=None):
443        if globals is None: globals = {}
444        if locals is None: locals = {}
445        if not self.donothing:
446            threading.settrace(self.globaltrace)
447            sys.settrace(self.globaltrace)
448        try:
449            exec(cmd, globals, locals)
450        finally:
451            if not self.donothing:
452                sys.settrace(None)
453                threading.settrace(None)
454
455    def runfunc(self, func, *args, **kw):
456        result = None
457        if not self.donothing:
458            sys.settrace(self.globaltrace)
459        try:
460            result = func(*args, **kw)
461        finally:
462            if not self.donothing:
463                sys.settrace(None)
464        return result
465
466    def file_module_function_of(self, frame):
467        code = frame.f_code
468        filename = code.co_filename
469        if filename:
470            modulename = _modname(filename)
471        else:
472            modulename = None
473
474        funcname = code.co_name
475        clsname = None
476        if code in self._caller_cache:
477            if self._caller_cache[code] is not None:
478                clsname = self._caller_cache[code]
479        else:
480            self._caller_cache[code] = None
481            ## use of gc.get_referrers() was suggested by Michael Hudson
482            # all functions which refer to this code object
483            funcs = [f for f in gc.get_referrers(code)
484                         if inspect.isfunction(f)]
485            # require len(func) == 1 to avoid ambiguity caused by calls to
486            # new.function(): "In the face of ambiguity, refuse the
487            # temptation to guess."
488            if len(funcs) == 1:
489                dicts = [d for d in gc.get_referrers(funcs[0])
490                             if isinstance(d, dict)]
491                if len(dicts) == 1:
492                    classes = [c for c in gc.get_referrers(dicts[0])
493                                   if hasattr(c, "__bases__")]
494                    if len(classes) == 1:
495                        # ditto for new.classobj()
496                        clsname = classes[0].__name__
497                        # cache the result - assumption is that new.* is
498                        # not called later to disturb this relationship
499                        # _caller_cache could be flushed if functions in
500                        # the new module get called.
501                        self._caller_cache[code] = clsname
502        if clsname is not None:
503            funcname = "%s.%s" % (clsname, funcname)
504
505        return filename, modulename, funcname
506
507    def globaltrace_trackcallers(self, frame, why, arg):
508        """Handler for call events.
509
510        Adds information about who called who to the self._callers dict.
511        """
512        if why == 'call':
513            # XXX Should do a better job of identifying methods
514            this_func = self.file_module_function_of(frame)
515            parent_func = self.file_module_function_of(frame.f_back)
516            self._callers[(parent_func, this_func)] = 1
517
518    def globaltrace_countfuncs(self, frame, why, arg):
519        """Handler for call events.
520
521        Adds (filename, modulename, funcname) to the self._calledfuncs dict.
522        """
523        if why == 'call':
524            this_func = self.file_module_function_of(frame)
525            self._calledfuncs[this_func] = 1
526
527    def globaltrace_lt(self, frame, why, arg):
528        """Handler for call events.
529
530        If the code block being entered is to be ignored, returns `None',
531        else returns self.localtrace.
532        """
533        if why == 'call':
534            code = frame.f_code
535            filename = frame.f_globals.get('__file__', None)
536            if filename:
537                # XXX _modname() doesn't work right for packages, so
538                # the ignore support won't work right for packages
539                modulename = _modname(filename)
540                if modulename is not None:
541                    ignore_it = self.ignore.names(filename, modulename)
542                    if not ignore_it:
543                        if self.trace:
544                            print((" --- modulename: %s, funcname: %s"
545                                   % (modulename, code.co_name)))
546                        return self.localtrace
547            else:
548                return None
549
550    def localtrace_trace_and_count(self, frame, why, arg):
551        if why == "line":
552            # record the file name and line number of every trace
553            filename = frame.f_code.co_filename
554            lineno = frame.f_lineno
555            key = filename, lineno
556            self.counts[key] = self.counts.get(key, 0) + 1
557
558            if self.start_time:
559                print('%.2f' % (_time() - self.start_time), end=' ')
560            bname = os.path.basename(filename)
561            print("%s(%d): %s" % (bname, lineno,
562                                  linecache.getline(filename, lineno)), end='')
563        return self.localtrace
564
565    def localtrace_trace(self, frame, why, arg):
566        if why == "line":
567            # record the file name and line number of every trace
568            filename = frame.f_code.co_filename
569            lineno = frame.f_lineno
570
571            if self.start_time:
572                print('%.2f' % (_time() - self.start_time), end=' ')
573            bname = os.path.basename(filename)
574            print("%s(%d): %s" % (bname, lineno,
575                                  linecache.getline(filename, lineno)), end='')
576        return self.localtrace
577
578    def localtrace_count(self, frame, why, arg):
579        if why == "line":
580            filename = frame.f_code.co_filename
581            lineno = frame.f_lineno
582            key = filename, lineno
583            self.counts[key] = self.counts.get(key, 0) + 1
584        return self.localtrace
585
586    def results(self):
587        return CoverageResults(self.counts, infile=self.infile,
588                               outfile=self.outfile,
589                               calledfuncs=self._calledfuncs,
590                               callers=self._callers)
591
592def main():
593    import argparse
594
595    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
596    parser.add_argument('--version', action='version', version='trace 2.0')
597
598    grp = parser.add_argument_group('Main options',
599            'One of these (or --report) must be given')
600
601    grp.add_argument('-c', '--count', action='store_true',
602            help='Count the number of times each line is executed and write '
603                 'the counts to <module>.cover for each module executed, in '
604                 'the module\'s directory. See also --coverdir, --file, '
605                 '--no-report below.')
606    grp.add_argument('-t', '--trace', action='store_true',
607            help='Print each line to sys.stdout before it is executed')
608    grp.add_argument('-l', '--listfuncs', action='store_true',
609            help='Keep track of which functions are executed at least once '
610                 'and write the results to sys.stdout after the program exits. '
611                 'Cannot be specified alongside --trace or --count.')
612    grp.add_argument('-T', '--trackcalls', action='store_true',
613            help='Keep track of caller/called pairs and write the results to '
614                 'sys.stdout after the program exits.')
615
616    grp = parser.add_argument_group('Modifiers')
617
618    _grp = grp.add_mutually_exclusive_group()
619    _grp.add_argument('-r', '--report', action='store_true',
620            help='Generate a report from a counts file; does not execute any '
621                 'code. --file must specify the results file to read, which '
622                 'must have been created in a previous run with --count '
623                 '--file=FILE')
624    _grp.add_argument('-R', '--no-report', action='store_true',
625            help='Do not generate the coverage report files. '
626                 'Useful if you want to accumulate over several runs.')
627
628    grp.add_argument('-f', '--file',
629            help='File to accumulate counts over several runs')
630    grp.add_argument('-C', '--coverdir',
631            help='Directory where the report files go. The coverage report '
632                 'for <package>.<module> will be written to file '
633                 '<dir>/<package>/<module>.cover')
634    grp.add_argument('-m', '--missing', action='store_true',
635            help='Annotate executable lines that were not executed with '
636                 '">>>>>> "')
637    grp.add_argument('-s', '--summary', action='store_true',
638            help='Write a brief summary for each file to sys.stdout. '
639                 'Can only be used with --count or --report')
640    grp.add_argument('-g', '--timing', action='store_true',
641            help='Prefix each line with the time since the program started. '
642                 'Only used while tracing')
643
644    grp = parser.add_argument_group('Filters',
645            'Can be specified multiple times')
646    grp.add_argument('--ignore-module', action='append', default=[],
647            help='Ignore the given module(s) and its submodules '
648                 '(if it is a package). Accepts comma separated list of '
649                 'module names.')
650    grp.add_argument('--ignore-dir', action='append', default=[],
651            help='Ignore files in the given directory '
652                 '(multiple directories can be joined by os.pathsep).')
653
654    parser.add_argument('filename', nargs='?',
655            help='file to run as main program')
656    parser.add_argument('arguments', nargs=argparse.REMAINDER,
657            help='arguments to the program')
658
659    opts = parser.parse_args()
660
661    if opts.ignore_dir:
662        rel_path = 'lib', 'python{0.major}.{0.minor}'.format(sys.version_info)
663        _prefix = os.path.join(sys.base_prefix, *rel_path)
664        _exec_prefix = os.path.join(sys.base_exec_prefix, *rel_path)
665
666    def parse_ignore_dir(s):
667        s = os.path.expanduser(os.path.expandvars(s))
668        s = s.replace('$prefix', _prefix).replace('$exec_prefix', _exec_prefix)
669        return os.path.normpath(s)
670
671    opts.ignore_module = [mod.strip()
672                          for i in opts.ignore_module for mod in i.split(',')]
673    opts.ignore_dir = [parse_ignore_dir(s)
674                       for i in opts.ignore_dir for s in i.split(os.pathsep)]
675
676    if opts.report:
677        if not opts.file:
678            parser.error('-r/--report requires -f/--file')
679        results = CoverageResults(infile=opts.file, outfile=opts.file)
680        return results.write_results(opts.missing, opts.summary, opts.coverdir)
681
682    if not any([opts.trace, opts.count, opts.listfuncs, opts.trackcalls]):
683        parser.error('must specify one of --trace, --count, --report, '
684                     '--listfuncs, or --trackcalls')
685
686    if opts.listfuncs and (opts.count or opts.trace):
687        parser.error('cannot specify both --listfuncs and (--trace or --count)')
688
689    if opts.summary and not opts.count:
690        parser.error('--summary can only be used with --count or --report')
691
692    if opts.filename is None:
693        parser.error('filename is missing: required with the main options')
694
695    sys.argv = [opts.filename, *opts.arguments]
696    sys.path[0] = os.path.dirname(opts.filename)
697
698    t = Trace(opts.count, opts.trace, countfuncs=opts.listfuncs,
699              countcallers=opts.trackcalls, ignoremods=opts.ignore_module,
700              ignoredirs=opts.ignore_dir, infile=opts.file,
701              outfile=opts.file, timing=opts.timing)
702    try:
703        with open(opts.filename) as fp:
704            code = compile(fp.read(), opts.filename, 'exec')
705        # try to emulate __main__ namespace as much as possible
706        globs = {
707            '__file__': opts.filename,
708            '__name__': '__main__',
709            '__package__': None,
710            '__cached__': None,
711        }
712        t.runctx(code, globs, globs)
713    except OSError as err:
714        sys.exit("Cannot run file %r because: %s" % (sys.argv[0], err))
715    except SystemExit:
716        pass
717
718    results = t.results()
719
720    if not opts.no_report:
721        results.write_results(opts.missing, opts.summary, opts.coverdir)
722
723if __name__=='__main__':
724    main()
725