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1 /*
2  * Copyright 2015 The Android Open Source Project
3  *
4  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
5  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
6  * You may obtain a copy of the License at
7  *
8  *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
9  *
10  * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11  * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12  * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14  * limitations under the License.
15  */
16 
17 package android.hardware.camera2.cts.rs;
18 
19 import android.graphics.Bitmap;
20 import android.hardware.camera2.CameraCharacteristics;
21 import android.hardware.camera2.CameraMetadata;
22 import android.hardware.camera2.CaptureResult;
23 import android.hardware.camera2.params.ColorSpaceTransform;
24 import android.hardware.camera2.params.LensShadingMap;
25 import android.renderscript.Allocation;
26 import android.renderscript.Element;
27 import android.renderscript.Float3;
28 import android.renderscript.Float4;
29 import android.renderscript.Int4;
30 import android.renderscript.Matrix3f;
31 import android.renderscript.RenderScript;
32 import android.renderscript.Type;
33 
34 import android.hardware.camera2.cts.ScriptC_raw_converter;
35 import android.util.Log;
36 import android.util.Rational;
37 import android.util.SparseIntArray;
38 
39 import java.util.Arrays;
40 
41 /**
42  * Utility class providing methods for rendering RAW16 images into other colorspaces.
43  */
44 public class RawConverter {
45     private static final String TAG = "RawConverter";
46     private static final boolean DEBUG = Log.isLoggable(TAG, Log.DEBUG);
47 
48     /**
49      * Matrix to convert from CIE XYZ colorspace to sRGB, Bradford-adapted to D65.
50      */
51     private static final float[] sXYZtoRGBBradford = new float[] {
52             3.1338561f, -1.6168667f, -0.4906146f,
53             -0.9787684f, 1.9161415f, 0.0334540f,
54             0.0719453f, -0.2289914f, 1.4052427f
55     };
56 
57     /**
58      * Matrix to convert from the ProPhoto RGB colorspace to CIE XYZ colorspace.
59      */
60     private static final float[] sProPhotoToXYZ = new float[] {
61             0.797779f, 0.135213f, 0.031303f,
62             0.288000f, 0.711900f, 0.000100f,
63             0.000000f, 0.000000f, 0.825105f
64     };
65 
66     /**
67      * Matrix to convert from CIE XYZ colorspace to ProPhoto RGB colorspace.
68      */
69     private static final float[] sXYZtoProPhoto = new float[] {
70             1.345753f, -0.255603f, -0.051025f,
71             -0.544426f, 1.508096f, 0.020472f,
72             0.000000f, 0.000000f, 1.211968f
73     };
74 
75     /**
76      * Coefficients for a 3rd order polynomial, ordered from highest to lowest power.  This
77      * polynomial approximates the default tonemapping curve used for ACR3.
78      */
79     private static final float[] DEFAULT_ACR3_TONEMAP_CURVE_COEFFS = new float[] {
80             -0.7836f, 0.8469f, 0.943f, 0.0209f
81     };
82 
83     /**
84      * The D50 whitepoint coordinates in CIE XYZ colorspace.
85      */
86     private static final float[] D50_XYZ = new float[] { 0.9642f, 1, 0.8249f };
87 
88     /**
89      * An array containing the color temperatures for standard reference illuminants.
90      */
91     private static final SparseIntArray sStandardIlluminants = new SparseIntArray();
92     private static final int NO_ILLUMINANT = -1;
93     static {
sStandardIlluminants.append(CameraMetadata.SENSOR_REFERENCE_ILLUMINANT1_CLOUDY_WEATHER, 6504)94         sStandardIlluminants.append(CameraMetadata.SENSOR_REFERENCE_ILLUMINANT1_CLOUDY_WEATHER,
95                 6504);
sStandardIlluminants.append(CameraMetadata.SENSOR_REFERENCE_ILLUMINANT1_DAYLIGHT, 6504)96         sStandardIlluminants.append(CameraMetadata.SENSOR_REFERENCE_ILLUMINANT1_DAYLIGHT, 6504);
sStandardIlluminants.append(CameraMetadata.SENSOR_REFERENCE_ILLUMINANT1_D65, 6504)97         sStandardIlluminants.append(CameraMetadata.SENSOR_REFERENCE_ILLUMINANT1_D65, 6504);
sStandardIlluminants.append(CameraMetadata.SENSOR_REFERENCE_ILLUMINANT1_FINE_WEATHER, 5003)98         sStandardIlluminants.append(CameraMetadata.SENSOR_REFERENCE_ILLUMINANT1_FINE_WEATHER, 5003);
sStandardIlluminants.append(CameraMetadata.SENSOR_REFERENCE_ILLUMINANT1_D50, 5003)99         sStandardIlluminants.append(CameraMetadata.SENSOR_REFERENCE_ILLUMINANT1_D50, 5003);
sStandardIlluminants.append(CameraMetadata.SENSOR_REFERENCE_ILLUMINANT1_FLASH, 5503)100         sStandardIlluminants.append(CameraMetadata.SENSOR_REFERENCE_ILLUMINANT1_FLASH, 5503);
sStandardIlluminants.append(CameraMetadata.SENSOR_REFERENCE_ILLUMINANT1_D55, 5503)101         sStandardIlluminants.append(CameraMetadata.SENSOR_REFERENCE_ILLUMINANT1_D55, 5503);
sStandardIlluminants.append(CameraMetadata.SENSOR_REFERENCE_ILLUMINANT1_SHADE, 7504)102         sStandardIlluminants.append(CameraMetadata.SENSOR_REFERENCE_ILLUMINANT1_SHADE, 7504);
sStandardIlluminants.append(CameraMetadata.SENSOR_REFERENCE_ILLUMINANT1_D75, 7504)103         sStandardIlluminants.append(CameraMetadata.SENSOR_REFERENCE_ILLUMINANT1_D75, 7504);
sStandardIlluminants.append(CameraMetadata.SENSOR_REFERENCE_ILLUMINANT1_ISO_STUDIO_TUNGSTEN, 2856)104         sStandardIlluminants.append(CameraMetadata.SENSOR_REFERENCE_ILLUMINANT1_ISO_STUDIO_TUNGSTEN,
105                 2856);
sStandardIlluminants.append(CameraMetadata.SENSOR_REFERENCE_ILLUMINANT1_TUNGSTEN, 2856)106         sStandardIlluminants.append(CameraMetadata.SENSOR_REFERENCE_ILLUMINANT1_TUNGSTEN, 2856);
sStandardIlluminants.append(CameraMetadata.SENSOR_REFERENCE_ILLUMINANT1_STANDARD_A, 2856)107         sStandardIlluminants.append(CameraMetadata.SENSOR_REFERENCE_ILLUMINANT1_STANDARD_A, 2856);
sStandardIlluminants.append( CameraMetadata.SENSOR_REFERENCE_ILLUMINANT1_DAY_WHITE_FLUORESCENT, 4874)108         sStandardIlluminants.append(
109                 CameraMetadata.SENSOR_REFERENCE_ILLUMINANT1_DAY_WHITE_FLUORESCENT, 4874);
sStandardIlluminants.append(CameraMetadata.SENSOR_REFERENCE_ILLUMINANT1_STANDARD_B, 4874)110         sStandardIlluminants.append(CameraMetadata.SENSOR_REFERENCE_ILLUMINANT1_STANDARD_B, 4874);
sStandardIlluminants.append(CameraMetadata.SENSOR_REFERENCE_ILLUMINANT1_STANDARD_C, 6774)111         sStandardIlluminants.append(CameraMetadata.SENSOR_REFERENCE_ILLUMINANT1_STANDARD_C, 6774);
sStandardIlluminants.append( CameraMetadata.SENSOR_REFERENCE_ILLUMINANT1_DAYLIGHT_FLUORESCENT, 6430)112         sStandardIlluminants.append(
113                 CameraMetadata.SENSOR_REFERENCE_ILLUMINANT1_DAYLIGHT_FLUORESCENT, 6430);
sStandardIlluminants.append( CameraMetadata.SENSOR_REFERENCE_ILLUMINANT1_COOL_WHITE_FLUORESCENT, 4230)114         sStandardIlluminants.append(
115                 CameraMetadata.SENSOR_REFERENCE_ILLUMINANT1_COOL_WHITE_FLUORESCENT, 4230);
sStandardIlluminants.append( CameraMetadata.SENSOR_REFERENCE_ILLUMINANT1_WHITE_FLUORESCENT, 3450)116         sStandardIlluminants.append(
117                 CameraMetadata.SENSOR_REFERENCE_ILLUMINANT1_WHITE_FLUORESCENT, 3450);
sStandardIlluminants.append(CameraMetadata.SENSOR_REFERENCE_ILLUMINANT1_FLUORESCENT, 2940)118         sStandardIlluminants.append(CameraMetadata.SENSOR_REFERENCE_ILLUMINANT1_FLUORESCENT, 2940);
119     }
120 
121     /**
122      * Utility class wrapping Bayer specific DNG metadata.
123      */
124     static class DngBayerMetadata {
125         public final int referenceIlluminant1;
126         public final int referenceIlluminant2;
127         public final float[] calibrationTransform1;
128         public final float[] calibrationTransform2;
129         public final float[] colorMatrix1;
130         public final float[] colorMatrix2;
131         public final float[] forwardTransform1;
132         public final float[] forwardTransform2;
133         public final Rational[/*3*/] neutralColorPoint;
134 
135         /**
136          * Convert a 9x9 {@link ColorSpaceTransform} to a matrix and write the matrix into the
137          * output.
138          *
139          * @param xform a {@link ColorSpaceTransform} to transform.
140          * @param output the 3x3 matrix to overwrite.
141          */
convertColorspaceTransform(ColorSpaceTransform xform, float[] output)142         private static void convertColorspaceTransform(ColorSpaceTransform xform,
143                 /*out*/float[] output) {
144             for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
145                 for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++) {
146                     output[i * 3 + j] = xform.getElement(j, i).floatValue();
147                 }
148             }
149         }
150 
151         /**
152          * Constructor to parse static and dynamic metadata into DNG metadata.
153          */
DngBayerMetadata(CameraCharacteristics staticMetadata, CaptureResult dynamicMetadata)154         public DngBayerMetadata(CameraCharacteristics staticMetadata,
155                 CaptureResult dynamicMetadata) {
156             referenceIlluminant1 =
157                     staticMetadata.get(CameraCharacteristics.SENSOR_REFERENCE_ILLUMINANT1);
158             if (staticMetadata.get(CameraCharacteristics.SENSOR_REFERENCE_ILLUMINANT2) != null) {
159                 referenceIlluminant2 =
160                         staticMetadata.get(CameraCharacteristics.SENSOR_REFERENCE_ILLUMINANT2);
161             } else {
162                 referenceIlluminant2 = referenceIlluminant1;
163             }
164             calibrationTransform1 = new float[9];
165             calibrationTransform2 = new float[9];
166             convertColorspaceTransform(
167                     staticMetadata.get(CameraCharacteristics.SENSOR_CALIBRATION_TRANSFORM1),
168                     calibrationTransform1);
169             if (staticMetadata.get(CameraCharacteristics.SENSOR_CALIBRATION_TRANSFORM2) != null) {
170                 convertColorspaceTransform(
171                     staticMetadata.get(CameraCharacteristics.SENSOR_CALIBRATION_TRANSFORM2),
172                     calibrationTransform2);
173             } else {
174                 convertColorspaceTransform(
175                     staticMetadata.get(CameraCharacteristics.SENSOR_CALIBRATION_TRANSFORM1),
176                     calibrationTransform2);
177             }
178             colorMatrix1 = new float[9];
179             colorMatrix2 = new float[9];
180             convertColorspaceTransform(
181                     staticMetadata.get(CameraCharacteristics.SENSOR_COLOR_TRANSFORM1),
182                     colorMatrix1);
183             if (staticMetadata.get(CameraCharacteristics.SENSOR_COLOR_TRANSFORM2) != null) {
184                 convertColorspaceTransform(
185                     staticMetadata.get(CameraCharacteristics.SENSOR_COLOR_TRANSFORM2),
186                     colorMatrix2);
187             } else {
188                 convertColorspaceTransform(
189                     staticMetadata.get(CameraCharacteristics.SENSOR_COLOR_TRANSFORM1),
190                     colorMatrix2);
191             }
192             forwardTransform1 = new float[9];
193             forwardTransform2 = new float[9];
194             convertColorspaceTransform(
195                     staticMetadata.get(CameraCharacteristics.SENSOR_FORWARD_MATRIX1),
196                     forwardTransform1);
197             if (staticMetadata.get(CameraCharacteristics.SENSOR_FORWARD_MATRIX2) != null) {
198                 convertColorspaceTransform(
199                     staticMetadata.get(CameraCharacteristics.SENSOR_FORWARD_MATRIX2),
200                     forwardTransform2);
201             } else {
202                 convertColorspaceTransform(
203                     staticMetadata.get(CameraCharacteristics.SENSOR_FORWARD_MATRIX1),
204                     forwardTransform2);
205             }
206 
207             neutralColorPoint = dynamicMetadata.get(CaptureResult.SENSOR_NEUTRAL_COLOR_POINT);
208         }
209     }
210 
211     /**
212      * Convert a RAW16 buffer into an sRGB buffer, and write the result into a bitmap.
213      *
214      * <p> This function applies the operations roughly outlined in the Adobe DNG specification
215      * using the provided metadata about the image sensor.  Sensor data for Android devices is
216      * assumed to be relatively linear, and no extra linearization step is applied here.  The
217      * following operations are applied in the given order:</p>
218      *
219      * <ul>
220      *     <li>
221      *         Black level subtraction - the black levels given in the SENSOR_BLACK_LEVEL_PATTERN
222      *         tag are subtracted from the corresponding raw pixels.
223      *     </li>
224      *     <li>
225      *         Rescaling - each raw pixel is scaled by 1/(white level - black level).
226      *     </li>
227      *     <li>
228      *         Lens shading correction - the interpolated gains from the gain map defined in the
229      *         STATISTICS_LENS_SHADING_CORRECTION_MAP are applied to each raw pixel.
230      *     </li>
231      *     <li>
232      *         Clipping - each raw pixel is clipped to a range of [0.0, 1.0].
233      *     </li>
234      *     <li>
235      *         Demosaic - the RGB channels for each pixel are retrieved from the Bayer mosaic
236      *         of raw pixels using a simple bilinear-interpolation demosaicing algorithm.
237      *     </li>
238      *     <li>
239      *         Colorspace transform to wide-gamut RGB - each pixel is mapped into a
240      *         wide-gamut colorspace (in this case ProPhoto RGB is used) from the sensor
241      *         colorspace.
242      *     </li>
243      *     <li>
244      *         Tonemapping - A basic tonemapping curve using the default from ACR3 is applied
245      *         (no further exposure compensation is applied here, though this could be improved).
246      *     </li>
247      *     <li>
248      *         Colorspace transform to final RGB - each pixel is mapped into linear sRGB colorspace.
249      *     </li>
250      *     <li>
251      *         Gamma correction - each pixel is gamma corrected using γ=2.2 to map into sRGB
252      *         colorspace for viewing.
253      *     </li>
254      *     <li>
255      *         Packing - each pixel is scaled so that each color channel has a range of [0, 255],
256      *         and is packed into an Android bitmap.
257      *     </li>
258      * </ul>
259      *
260      * <p> Arguments given here are assumed to come from the values for the corresponding
261      * {@link CameraCharacteristics.Key}s defined for the camera that produced this RAW16 buffer.
262      * </p>
263      * @param rs a {@link RenderScript} context to use.
264      * @param inputWidth width of the input RAW16 image in pixels.
265      * @param inputHeight height of the input RAW16 image in pixels.
266      * @param inputStride stride of the input RAW16 image in bytes.
267      * @param rawImageInput a byte array containing a RAW16 image.
268      * @param staticMetadata the {@link CameraCharacteristics} for this RAW capture.
269      * @param dynamicMetadata the {@link CaptureResult} for this RAW capture.
270      * @param outputOffsetX the offset width into the raw image of the left side of the output
271      *                      rectangle.
272      * @param outputOffsetY the offset height into the raw image of the top side of the output
273      *                      rectangle.
274      * @param argbOutput a {@link Bitmap} to output the rendered RAW image into.  The height and
275      *                   width of this bitmap along with the output offsets are used to determine
276      *                   the dimensions and offset of the output rectangle contained in the RAW
277      *                   image to be rendered.
278      */
convertToSRGB(RenderScript rs, int inputWidth, int inputHeight, int inputStride, byte[] rawImageInput, CameraCharacteristics staticMetadata, CaptureResult dynamicMetadata, int outputOffsetX, int outputOffsetY, Bitmap argbOutput)279     public static void convertToSRGB(RenderScript rs, int inputWidth, int inputHeight,
280             int inputStride, byte[] rawImageInput, CameraCharacteristics staticMetadata,
281             CaptureResult dynamicMetadata, int outputOffsetX, int outputOffsetY,
282             /*out*/Bitmap argbOutput) {
283         int cfa = staticMetadata.get(CameraCharacteristics.SENSOR_INFO_COLOR_FILTER_ARRANGEMENT);
284         boolean isMono = (cfa == CameraCharacteristics.SENSOR_INFO_COLOR_FILTER_ARRANGEMENT_MONO ||
285                 cfa == CameraCharacteristics.SENSOR_INFO_COLOR_FILTER_ARRANGEMENT_NIR);
286         int[] blackLevelPattern = new int[4];
287         staticMetadata.get(CameraCharacteristics.SENSOR_BLACK_LEVEL_PATTERN).
288                 copyTo(blackLevelPattern, /*offset*/0);
289         int whiteLevel = staticMetadata.get(CameraCharacteristics.SENSOR_INFO_WHITE_LEVEL);
290 
291         LensShadingMap shadingMap = dynamicMetadata.get(
292                 CaptureResult.STATISTICS_LENS_SHADING_CORRECTION_MAP);
293 
294         DngBayerMetadata dngBayerMetadata = null;
295         if (!isMono) {
296             dngBayerMetadata = new DngBayerMetadata(staticMetadata, dynamicMetadata);
297         }
298         convertToSRGB(rs, inputWidth, inputHeight, inputStride, cfa, blackLevelPattern,
299                 whiteLevel, rawImageInput, dngBayerMetadata,
300                 shadingMap, outputOffsetX, outputOffsetY, argbOutput);
301     }
302 
303     /**
304      * Convert a RAW16 buffer into an sRGB buffer, and write the result into a bitmap.
305      *
306      * @see #convertToSRGB
307      */
convertToSRGB(RenderScript rs, int inputWidth, int inputHeight, int inputStride, int cfa, int[] blackLevelPattern, int whiteLevel, byte[] rawImageInput, DngBayerMetadata dngBayerMetadata, LensShadingMap lensShadingMap, int outputOffsetX, int outputOffsetY, Bitmap argbOutput)308     private static void convertToSRGB(RenderScript rs, int inputWidth, int inputHeight,
309             int inputStride, int cfa, int[] blackLevelPattern, int whiteLevel, byte[] rawImageInput,
310             DngBayerMetadata dngBayerMetadata, LensShadingMap lensShadingMap,
311             int outputOffsetX, int outputOffsetY, /*out*/Bitmap argbOutput) {
312 
313         // Validate arguments
314         if (argbOutput == null || rs == null || rawImageInput == null) {
315             throw new IllegalArgumentException("Null argument to convertToSRGB");
316         }
317         if (argbOutput.getConfig() != Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888) {
318             throw new IllegalArgumentException(
319                     "Output bitmap passed to convertToSRGB is not ARGB_8888 format");
320         }
321         if (outputOffsetX < 0 || outputOffsetY < 0) {
322             throw new IllegalArgumentException("Negative offset passed to convertToSRGB");
323         }
324         if ((inputStride / 2) < inputWidth) {
325             throw new IllegalArgumentException("Stride too small.");
326         }
327         if ((inputStride % 2) != 0) {
328             throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid stride for RAW16 format, see graphics.h.");
329         }
330         int outWidth = argbOutput.getWidth();
331         int outHeight = argbOutput.getHeight();
332         if (outWidth + outputOffsetX > inputWidth || outHeight + outputOffsetY > inputHeight) {
333             throw new IllegalArgumentException("Raw image with dimensions (w=" + inputWidth +
334                     ", h=" + inputHeight + "), cannot converted into sRGB image with dimensions (w="
335                     + outWidth + ", h=" + outHeight + ").");
336         }
337         if (cfa < 0 || cfa > 5) {
338             throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported cfa pattern " + cfa + " used.");
339         }
340         if (DEBUG) {
341             Log.d(TAG, "Metadata Used:");
342             Log.d(TAG, "Input width,height: " + inputWidth + "," + inputHeight);
343             Log.d(TAG, "Output offset x,y: " + outputOffsetX + "," + outputOffsetY);
344             Log.d(TAG, "Output width,height: " + outWidth + "," + outHeight);
345             Log.d(TAG, "CFA: " + cfa);
346             Log.d(TAG, "BlackLevelPattern: " + Arrays.toString(blackLevelPattern));
347             Log.d(TAG, "WhiteLevel: " + whiteLevel);
348         }
349 
350         Allocation gainMap = null;
351         if (lensShadingMap != null) {
352             float[] lsm = new float[lensShadingMap.getGainFactorCount()];
353             lensShadingMap.copyGainFactors(/*inout*/lsm, /*offset*/0);
354             gainMap = createFloat4Allocation(rs, lsm, lensShadingMap.getColumnCount(),
355                     lensShadingMap.getRowCount());
356         }
357 
358         float[] sensorToProPhoto = new float[9];
359         float[] proPhotoToSRGB = new float[9];
360         if (dngBayerMetadata != null) {
361             float[] normalizedForwardTransform1 = Arrays.copyOf(dngBayerMetadata.forwardTransform1,
362                     dngBayerMetadata.forwardTransform1.length);
363             normalizeFM(normalizedForwardTransform1);
364             float[] normalizedForwardTransform2 = Arrays.copyOf(dngBayerMetadata.forwardTransform2,
365                     dngBayerMetadata.forwardTransform2.length);
366             normalizeFM(normalizedForwardTransform2);
367 
368             float[] normalizedColorMatrix1 = Arrays.copyOf(dngBayerMetadata.colorMatrix1,
369                     dngBayerMetadata.colorMatrix1.length);
370             normalizeCM(normalizedColorMatrix1);
371             float[] normalizedColorMatrix2 = Arrays.copyOf(dngBayerMetadata.colorMatrix2,
372                     dngBayerMetadata.colorMatrix2.length);
373             normalizeCM(normalizedColorMatrix2);
374 
375             if (DEBUG) {
376                 Log.d(TAG, "ReferenceIlluminant1: " + dngBayerMetadata.referenceIlluminant1);
377                 Log.d(TAG, "ReferenceIlluminant2: " + dngBayerMetadata.referenceIlluminant2);
378                 Log.d(TAG, "CalibrationTransform1: "
379                         + Arrays.toString(dngBayerMetadata.calibrationTransform1));
380                 Log.d(TAG, "CalibrationTransform2: "
381                         + Arrays.toString(dngBayerMetadata.calibrationTransform2));
382                 Log.d(TAG, "ColorMatrix1: "
383                         + Arrays.toString(dngBayerMetadata.colorMatrix1));
384                 Log.d(TAG, "ColorMatrix2: "
385                         + Arrays.toString(dngBayerMetadata.colorMatrix2));
386                 Log.d(TAG, "ForwardTransform1: "
387                         + Arrays.toString(dngBayerMetadata.forwardTransform1));
388                 Log.d(TAG, "ForwardTransform2: "
389                         + Arrays.toString(dngBayerMetadata.forwardTransform2));
390                 Log.d(TAG, "NeutralColorPoint: "
391                         + Arrays.toString(dngBayerMetadata.neutralColorPoint));
392 
393                 Log.d(TAG, "Normalized ForwardTransform1: "
394                         + Arrays.toString(normalizedForwardTransform1));
395                 Log.d(TAG, "Normalized ForwardTransform2: "
396                         + Arrays.toString(normalizedForwardTransform2));
397                 Log.d(TAG, "Normalized ColorMatrix1: "
398                         + Arrays.toString(normalizedColorMatrix1));
399                 Log.d(TAG, "Normalized ColorMatrix2: "
400                         + Arrays.toString(normalizedColorMatrix2));
401             }
402 
403             // Calculate full sensor colorspace to sRGB colorspace transform.
404             double interpolationFactor = findDngInterpolationFactor(
405                     dngBayerMetadata.referenceIlluminant1, dngBayerMetadata.referenceIlluminant2,
406                     dngBayerMetadata.calibrationTransform1, dngBayerMetadata.calibrationTransform2,
407                     normalizedColorMatrix1, normalizedColorMatrix2,
408                     dngBayerMetadata.neutralColorPoint);
409             if (DEBUG) Log.d(TAG, "Interpolation factor used: " + interpolationFactor);
410             float[] sensorToXYZ = new float[9];
411             calculateCameraToXYZD50Transform(normalizedForwardTransform1,
412                     normalizedForwardTransform2,
413                     dngBayerMetadata.calibrationTransform1, dngBayerMetadata.calibrationTransform2,
414                     dngBayerMetadata.neutralColorPoint,
415                     interpolationFactor, /*out*/sensorToXYZ);
416             if (DEBUG) Log.d(TAG, "CameraToXYZ xform used: " + Arrays.toString(sensorToXYZ));
417             multiply(sXYZtoProPhoto, sensorToXYZ, /*out*/sensorToProPhoto);
418             if (DEBUG) {
419                 Log.d(TAG, "CameraToIntemediate xform used: " + Arrays.toString(sensorToProPhoto));
420             }
421             multiply(sXYZtoRGBBradford, sProPhotoToXYZ, /*out*/proPhotoToSRGB);
422         }
423 
424         Allocation output = Allocation.createFromBitmap(rs, argbOutput);
425 
426         // Setup input allocation (16-bit raw pixels)
427         Type.Builder typeBuilder = new Type.Builder(rs, Element.U16(rs));
428         typeBuilder.setX((inputStride / 2));
429         typeBuilder.setY(inputHeight);
430         Type inputType = typeBuilder.create();
431         Allocation input = Allocation.createTyped(rs, inputType);
432         input.copyFromUnchecked(rawImageInput);
433 
434         // Setup RS kernel globals
435         ScriptC_raw_converter converterKernel = new ScriptC_raw_converter(rs);
436         converterKernel.set_inputRawBuffer(input);
437         converterKernel.set_whiteLevel(whiteLevel);
438         converterKernel.set_offsetX(outputOffsetX);
439         converterKernel.set_offsetY(outputOffsetY);
440         converterKernel.set_rawHeight(inputHeight);
441         converterKernel.set_rawWidth(inputWidth);
442         converterKernel.set_toneMapCoeffs(new Float4(DEFAULT_ACR3_TONEMAP_CURVE_COEFFS[0],
443                 DEFAULT_ACR3_TONEMAP_CURVE_COEFFS[1], DEFAULT_ACR3_TONEMAP_CURVE_COEFFS[2],
444                 DEFAULT_ACR3_TONEMAP_CURVE_COEFFS[3]));
445         converterKernel.set_hasGainMap(gainMap != null);
446         if (gainMap != null) {
447             converterKernel.set_gainMap(gainMap);
448             converterKernel.set_gainMapWidth(lensShadingMap.getColumnCount());
449             converterKernel.set_gainMapHeight(lensShadingMap.getRowCount());
450         }
451 
452         converterKernel.set_isMonochrome(dngBayerMetadata == null);
453         if (dngBayerMetadata != null) {
454             converterKernel.set_sensorToIntermediate(new Matrix3f(transpose(sensorToProPhoto)));
455             converterKernel.set_intermediateToSRGB(new Matrix3f(transpose(proPhotoToSRGB)));
456             converterKernel.set_neutralPoint(
457                     new Float3(dngBayerMetadata.neutralColorPoint[0].floatValue(),
458                     dngBayerMetadata.neutralColorPoint[1].floatValue(),
459                     dngBayerMetadata.neutralColorPoint[2].floatValue()));
460         }
461 
462         converterKernel.set_cfaPattern(cfa);
463         converterKernel.set_blackLevelPattern(new Int4(blackLevelPattern[0],
464                 blackLevelPattern[1], blackLevelPattern[2], blackLevelPattern[3]));
465         converterKernel.forEach_convert_RAW_To_ARGB(output);
466         output.copyTo(argbOutput);  // Force RS sync with bitmap (does not do an extra copy).
467     }
468 
469     /**
470      * Create a float-backed renderscript {@link Allocation} with the given dimensions, containing
471      * the contents of the given float array.
472      *
473      * @param rs a {@link RenderScript} context to use.
474      * @param fArray the float array to copy into the {@link Allocation}.
475      * @param width the width of the {@link Allocation}.
476      * @param height the height of the {@link Allocation}.
477      * @return an {@link Allocation} containing the given floats.
478      */
createFloat4Allocation(RenderScript rs, float[] fArray, int width, int height)479     private static Allocation createFloat4Allocation(RenderScript rs, float[] fArray,
480                                                     int width, int height) {
481         if (fArray.length != width * height * 4) {
482             throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid float array of length " + fArray.length +
483                     ", must be correct size for Allocation of dimensions " + width + "x" + height);
484         }
485         Type.Builder builder = new Type.Builder(rs, Element.F32_4(rs));
486         builder.setX(width);
487         builder.setY(height);
488         Allocation fAlloc = Allocation.createTyped(rs, builder.create());
489         fAlloc.copyFrom(fArray);
490         return fAlloc;
491     }
492 
493     /**
494      * Calculate the correlated color temperature (CCT) for a given x,y chromaticity in CIE 1931 x,y
495      * chromaticity space using McCamy's cubic approximation algorithm given in:
496      *
497      * McCamy, Calvin S. (April 1992).
498      * "Correlated color temperature as an explicit function of chromaticity coordinates".
499      * Color Research & Application 17 (2): 142–144
500      *
501      * @param x x chromaticity component.
502      * @param y y chromaticity component.
503      *
504      * @return the CCT associated with this chromaticity coordinate.
505      */
calculateColorTemperature(double x, double y)506     private static double calculateColorTemperature(double x, double y) {
507         double n = (x - 0.332) / (y - 0.1858);
508         return -449 * Math.pow(n, 3) + 3525 * Math.pow(n, 2) - 6823.3 * n + 5520.33;
509     }
510 
511     /**
512      * Calculate the x,y chromaticity coordinates in CIE 1931 x,y chromaticity space from the given
513      * CIE XYZ coordinates.
514      *
515      * @param X the CIE XYZ X coordinate.
516      * @param Y the CIE XYZ Y coordinate.
517      * @param Z the CIE XYZ Z coordinate.
518      *
519      * @return the [x, y] chromaticity coordinates as doubles.
520      */
calculateCIExyCoordinates(double X, double Y, double Z)521     private static double[] calculateCIExyCoordinates(double X, double Y, double Z) {
522         double[] ret = new double[] { 0, 0 };
523         ret[0] = X / (X + Y + Z);
524         ret[1] = Y / (X + Y + Z);
525         return ret;
526     }
527 
528     /**
529      * Linearly interpolate between a and b given fraction f.
530      *
531      * @param a first term to interpolate between, a will be returned when f == 0.
532      * @param b second term to interpolate between, b will be returned when f == 1.
533      * @param f the fraction to interpolate by.
534      *
535      * @return interpolated result as double.
536      */
lerp(double a, double b, double f)537     private static double lerp(double a, double b, double f) {
538         return (a * (1.0f - f)) + (b * f);
539     }
540 
541     /**
542      * Linearly interpolate between 3x3 matrices a and b given fraction f.
543      *
544      * @param a first 3x3 matrix to interpolate between, a will be returned when f == 0.
545      * @param b second 3x3 matrix to interpolate between, b will be returned when f == 1.
546      * @param f the fraction to interpolate by.
547      * @param result will be set to contain the interpolated matrix.
548      */
lerp(float[] a, float[] b, double f, float[] result)549     private static void lerp(float[] a, float[] b, double f, /*out*/float[] result) {
550         for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++) {
551             result[i] = (float) lerp(a[i], b[i], f);
552         }
553     }
554 
555     /**
556      * Find the interpolation factor to use with the RAW matrices given a neutral color point.
557      *
558      * @param referenceIlluminant1 first reference illuminant.
559      * @param referenceIlluminant2 second reference illuminant.
560      * @param calibrationTransform1 calibration matrix corresponding to the first reference
561      *                              illuminant.
562      * @param calibrationTransform2 calibration matrix corresponding to the second reference
563      *                              illuminant.
564      * @param colorMatrix1 color matrix corresponding to the first reference illuminant.
565      * @param colorMatrix2 color matrix corresponding to the second reference illuminant.
566      * @param neutralColorPoint the neutral color point used to calculate the interpolation factor.
567      *
568      * @return the interpolation factor corresponding to the given neutral color point.
569      */
findDngInterpolationFactor(int referenceIlluminant1, int referenceIlluminant2, float[] calibrationTransform1, float[] calibrationTransform2, float[] colorMatrix1, float[] colorMatrix2, Rational[ ] neutralColorPoint)570     private static double findDngInterpolationFactor(int referenceIlluminant1,
571             int referenceIlluminant2, float[] calibrationTransform1, float[] calibrationTransform2,
572             float[] colorMatrix1, float[] colorMatrix2, Rational[/*3*/] neutralColorPoint) {
573 
574         int colorTemperature1 = sStandardIlluminants.get(referenceIlluminant1, NO_ILLUMINANT);
575         if (colorTemperature1 == NO_ILLUMINANT) {
576             throw new IllegalArgumentException("No such illuminant for reference illuminant 1: " +
577                     referenceIlluminant1);
578         }
579 
580         int colorTemperature2 = sStandardIlluminants.get(referenceIlluminant2, NO_ILLUMINANT);
581         if (colorTemperature2 == NO_ILLUMINANT) {
582             throw new IllegalArgumentException("No such illuminant for reference illuminant 2: " +
583                     referenceIlluminant2);
584         }
585 
586         if (DEBUG) Log.d(TAG, "ColorTemperature1: " + colorTemperature1);
587         if (DEBUG) Log.d(TAG, "ColorTemperature2: " + colorTemperature2);
588 
589         double interpFactor = 0.5; // Initial guess for interpolation factor
590         double oldInterpFactor = interpFactor;
591 
592         double lastDiff = Double.MAX_VALUE;
593         double tolerance = 0.0001;
594         float[] XYZToCamera1 = new float[9];
595         float[] XYZToCamera2 = new float[9];
596         multiply(calibrationTransform1, colorMatrix1, /*out*/XYZToCamera1);
597         multiply(calibrationTransform2, colorMatrix2, /*out*/XYZToCamera2);
598 
599         float[] cameraNeutral = new float[] { neutralColorPoint[0].floatValue(),
600                 neutralColorPoint[1].floatValue(), neutralColorPoint[2].floatValue()};
601 
602         float[] neutralGuess = new float[3];
603         float[] interpXYZToCamera = new float[9];
604         float[] interpXYZToCameraInverse = new float[9];
605 
606 
607         double lower = Math.min(colorTemperature1, colorTemperature2);
608         double upper = Math.max(colorTemperature1, colorTemperature2);
609 
610         if(DEBUG) {
611             Log.d(TAG, "XYZtoCamera1: " + Arrays.toString(XYZToCamera1));
612             Log.d(TAG, "XYZtoCamera2: " + Arrays.toString(XYZToCamera2));
613             Log.d(TAG, "Finding interpolation factor, initial guess 0.5...");
614         }
615         // Iteratively guess xy value, find new CCT, and update interpolation factor.
616         int loopLimit = 30;
617         int count = 0;
618         while (lastDiff > tolerance && loopLimit > 0) {
619             if (DEBUG) Log.d(TAG, "Loop count " + count);
620             lerp(XYZToCamera1, XYZToCamera2, interpFactor, interpXYZToCamera);
621             if (!invert(interpXYZToCamera, /*out*/interpXYZToCameraInverse)) {
622                 throw new IllegalArgumentException(
623                         "Cannot invert XYZ to Camera matrix, input matrices are invalid.");
624             }
625 
626             map(interpXYZToCameraInverse, cameraNeutral, /*out*/neutralGuess);
627             double[] xy = calculateCIExyCoordinates(neutralGuess[0], neutralGuess[1],
628                     neutralGuess[2]);
629 
630             double colorTemperature = calculateColorTemperature(xy[0], xy[1]);
631 
632             if (colorTemperature <= lower) {
633                 interpFactor = 1;
634             } else if (colorTemperature >= upper) {
635                 interpFactor = 0;
636             } else {
637                 double invCT = 1.0 / colorTemperature;
638                 interpFactor = (invCT - 1.0 / upper) / ( 1.0 / lower - 1.0 / upper);
639             }
640 
641             if (lower == colorTemperature1) {
642                 interpFactor = 1.0 - interpFactor;
643             }
644 
645             interpFactor = (interpFactor + oldInterpFactor) / 2;
646             lastDiff = Math.abs(oldInterpFactor - interpFactor);
647             oldInterpFactor = interpFactor;
648             loopLimit--;
649             count++;
650 
651             if (DEBUG) {
652                 Log.d(TAG, "CameraToXYZ chosen: " + Arrays.toString(interpXYZToCameraInverse));
653                 Log.d(TAG, "XYZ neutral color guess: " + Arrays.toString(neutralGuess));
654                 Log.d(TAG, "xy coordinate: " + Arrays.toString(xy));
655                 Log.d(TAG, "xy color temperature: " + colorTemperature);
656                 Log.d(TAG, "New interpolation factor: " + interpFactor);
657             }
658         }
659 
660         if (loopLimit == 0) {
661             Log.w(TAG, "Could not converge on interpolation factor, using factor " + interpFactor +
662                     " with remaining error factor of " + lastDiff);
663         }
664         return interpFactor;
665     }
666 
667     /**
668      * Calculate the transform from the raw camera sensor colorspace to CIE XYZ colorspace with a
669      * D50 whitepoint.
670      *
671      * @param forwardTransform1 forward transform matrix corresponding to the first reference
672      *                          illuminant.
673      * @param forwardTransform2 forward transform matrix corresponding to the second reference
674      *                          illuminant.
675      * @param calibrationTransform1 calibration transform matrix corresponding to the first
676      *                              reference illuminant.
677      * @param calibrationTransform2 calibration transform matrix corresponding to the second
678      *                              reference illuminant.
679      * @param neutralColorPoint the neutral color point used to calculate the interpolation factor.
680      * @param interpolationFactor the interpolation factor to use for the forward and
681      *                            calibration transforms.
682      * @param outputTransform set to the full sensor to XYZ colorspace transform.
683      */
calculateCameraToXYZD50Transform(float[] forwardTransform1, float[] forwardTransform2, float[] calibrationTransform1, float[] calibrationTransform2, Rational[ ] neutralColorPoint, double interpolationFactor, float[] outputTransform)684     private static void calculateCameraToXYZD50Transform(float[] forwardTransform1,
685             float[] forwardTransform2, float[] calibrationTransform1, float[] calibrationTransform2,
686             Rational[/*3*/] neutralColorPoint, double interpolationFactor,
687             /*out*/float[] outputTransform) {
688         float[] cameraNeutral = new float[] { neutralColorPoint[0].floatValue(),
689                 neutralColorPoint[1].floatValue(), neutralColorPoint[2].floatValue()};
690         if (DEBUG) Log.d(TAG, "Camera neutral: " + Arrays.toString(cameraNeutral));
691 
692         float[] interpolatedCC = new float[9];
693         lerp(calibrationTransform1, calibrationTransform2, interpolationFactor,
694                 interpolatedCC);
695         float[] inverseInterpolatedCC = new float[9];
696         if (!invert(interpolatedCC, /*out*/inverseInterpolatedCC)) {
697             throw new IllegalArgumentException( "Cannot invert interpolated calibration transform" +
698                     ", input matrices are invalid.");
699         }
700         if (DEBUG) Log.d(TAG, "Inverted interpolated CalibrationTransform: " +
701                 Arrays.toString(inverseInterpolatedCC));
702 
703         float[] referenceNeutral = new float[3];
704         map(inverseInterpolatedCC, cameraNeutral, /*out*/referenceNeutral);
705         if (DEBUG) Log.d(TAG, "Reference neutral: " + Arrays.toString(referenceNeutral));
706         float maxNeutral = Math.max(Math.max(referenceNeutral[0], referenceNeutral[1]),
707                 referenceNeutral[2]);
708         float[] D = new float[] { maxNeutral/referenceNeutral[0], 0, 0,
709                                   0, maxNeutral/referenceNeutral[1], 0,
710                                   0, 0, maxNeutral/referenceNeutral[2] };
711         if (DEBUG) Log.d(TAG, "Reference Neutral Diagonal: " + Arrays.toString(D));
712 
713         float[] intermediate = new float[9];
714         float[] intermediate2 = new float[9];
715 
716         lerp(forwardTransform1, forwardTransform2, interpolationFactor, /*out*/intermediate);
717         if (DEBUG) Log.d(TAG, "Interpolated ForwardTransform: " + Arrays.toString(intermediate));
718 
719         multiply(D, inverseInterpolatedCC, /*out*/intermediate2);
720         multiply(intermediate, intermediate2, /*out*/outputTransform);
721     }
722 
723     /**
724      * Map a 3d column vector using the given matrix.
725      *
726      * @param matrix float array containing 3x3 matrix to map vector by.
727      * @param input 3 dimensional vector to map.
728      * @param output 3 dimensional vector result.
729      */
map(float[] matrix, float[] input, float[] output)730     private static void map(float[] matrix, float[] input, /*out*/float[] output) {
731         output[0] = input[0] * matrix[0] + input[1] * matrix[1] + input[2] * matrix[2];
732         output[1] = input[0] * matrix[3] + input[1] * matrix[4] + input[2] * matrix[5];
733         output[2] = input[0] * matrix[6] + input[1] * matrix[7] + input[2] * matrix[8];
734     }
735 
736     /**
737      * Multiply two 3x3 matrices together: A * B
738      *
739      * @param a left matrix.
740      * @param b right matrix.
741      */
multiply(float[] a, float[] b, float[] output)742     private static void multiply(float[] a, float[] b, /*out*/float[] output) {
743         output[0] = a[0] * b[0] + a[1] * b[3] + a[2] * b[6];
744         output[3] = a[3] * b[0] + a[4] * b[3] + a[5] * b[6];
745         output[6] = a[6] * b[0] + a[7] * b[3] + a[8] * b[6];
746         output[1] = a[0] * b[1] + a[1] * b[4] + a[2] * b[7];
747         output[4] = a[3] * b[1] + a[4] * b[4] + a[5] * b[7];
748         output[7] = a[6] * b[1] + a[7] * b[4] + a[8] * b[7];
749         output[2] = a[0] * b[2] + a[1] * b[5] + a[2] * b[8];
750         output[5] = a[3] * b[2] + a[4] * b[5] + a[5] * b[8];
751         output[8] = a[6] * b[2] + a[7] * b[5] + a[8] * b[8];
752     }
753 
754     /**
755      * Transpose a 3x3 matrix in-place.
756      *
757      * @param m the matrix to transpose.
758      * @return the transposed matrix.
759      */
transpose( float[ ] m)760     private static float[] transpose(/*inout*/float[/*9*/] m) {
761         float t = m[1];
762         m[1] = m[3];
763         m[3] = t;
764         t = m[2];
765         m[2] = m[6];
766         m[6] = t;
767         t = m[5];
768         m[5] = m[7];
769         m[7] = t;
770         return m;
771     }
772 
773     /**
774      * Invert a 3x3 matrix, or return false if the matrix is singular.
775      *
776      * @param m matrix to invert.
777      * @param output set the output to be the inverse of m.
778      */
invert(float[] m, float[] output)779     private static boolean invert(float[] m, /*out*/float[] output) {
780         double a00 = m[0];
781         double a01 = m[1];
782         double a02 = m[2];
783         double a10 = m[3];
784         double a11 = m[4];
785         double a12 = m[5];
786         double a20 = m[6];
787         double a21 = m[7];
788         double a22 = m[8];
789 
790         double t00 = a11 * a22 - a21 * a12;
791         double t01 = a21 * a02 - a01 * a22;
792         double t02 = a01 * a12 - a11 * a02;
793         double t10 = a20 * a12 - a10 * a22;
794         double t11 = a00 * a22 - a20 * a02;
795         double t12 = a10 * a02 - a00 * a12;
796         double t20 = a10 * a21 - a20 * a11;
797         double t21 = a20 * a01 - a00 * a21;
798         double t22 = a00 * a11 - a10 * a01;
799 
800         double det = a00 * t00 + a01 * t10 + a02 * t20;
801         if (Math.abs(det) < 1e-9) {
802             return false; // Inverse too close to zero, not invertible.
803         }
804 
805         output[0] = (float) (t00 / det);
806         output[1] = (float) (t01 / det);
807         output[2] = (float) (t02 / det);
808         output[3] = (float) (t10 / det);
809         output[4] = (float) (t11 / det);
810         output[5] = (float) (t12 / det);
811         output[6] = (float) (t20 / det);
812         output[7] = (float) (t21 / det);
813         output[8] = (float) (t22 / det);
814         return true;
815     }
816 
817     /**
818      * Scale each element in a matrix by the given scaling factor.
819      *
820      * @param factor factor to scale by.
821      * @param matrix the float array containing a 3x3 matrix to scale.
822      */
scale(float factor, float[] matrix)823     private static void scale(float factor, /*inout*/float[] matrix) {
824         for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++) {
825             matrix[i] *= factor;
826         }
827     }
828 
829     /**
830      * Clamp a value to a given range.
831      *
832      * @param low lower bound to clamp to.
833      * @param high higher bound to clamp to.
834      * @param value the value to clamp.
835      * @return the clamped value.
836      */
clamp(double low, double high, double value)837     private static double clamp(double low, double high, double value) {
838         return Math.max(low, Math.min(high, value));
839     }
840 
841     /**
842      * Return the max float in the array.
843      *
844      * @param array array of floats to search.
845      * @return max float in the array.
846      */
max(float[] array)847     private static float max(float[] array) {
848         float val = array[0];
849         for (float f : array) {
850             val = (f > val) ? f : val;
851         }
852         return val;
853     }
854 
855     /**
856      * Normalize ColorMatrix to eliminate headroom for input space scaled to [0, 1] using
857      * the D50 whitepoint.  This maps the D50 whitepoint into the colorspace used by the
858      * ColorMatrix, then uses the resulting whitepoint to renormalize the ColorMatrix so
859      * that the channel values in the resulting whitepoint for this operation are clamped
860      * to the range [0, 1].
861      *
862      * @param colorMatrix a 3x3 matrix containing a DNG ColorMatrix to be normalized.
863      */
normalizeCM( float[] colorMatrix)864     private static void normalizeCM(/*inout*/float[] colorMatrix) {
865         float[] tmp = new float[3];
866         map(colorMatrix, D50_XYZ, /*out*/tmp);
867         float maxVal = max(tmp);
868         if (maxVal > 0) {
869             scale(1.0f / maxVal, colorMatrix);
870         }
871     }
872 
873     /**
874      * Normalize ForwardMatrix to ensure that sensor whitepoint [1, 1, 1] maps to D50 in CIE XYZ
875      * colorspace.
876      *
877      * @param forwardMatrix a 3x3 matrix containing a DNG ForwardTransform to be normalized.
878      */
normalizeFM( float[] forwardMatrix)879     private static void normalizeFM(/*inout*/float[] forwardMatrix) {
880         float[] tmp = new float[] {1, 1, 1};
881         float[] xyz = new float[3];
882         map(forwardMatrix, tmp, /*out*/xyz);
883 
884         float[] intermediate = new float[9];
885         float[] m = new float[] {1.0f / xyz[0], 0, 0, 0, 1.0f / xyz[1], 0, 0, 0, 1.0f / xyz[2]};
886 
887         multiply(m, forwardMatrix, /*out*/ intermediate);
888         float[] m2 = new float[] {D50_XYZ[0], 0, 0, 0, D50_XYZ[1], 0, 0, 0, D50_XYZ[2]};
889         multiply(m2, intermediate, /*out*/forwardMatrix);
890     }
891 }
892