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1 // Copyright 2016 the V8 project authors. All rights reserved.
2 // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
3 // found in the LICENSE file.
4 
5 #ifndef V8_EH_FRAME_H_
6 #define V8_EH_FRAME_H_
7 
8 #include "src/base/compiler-specific.h"
9 #include "src/globals.h"
10 #include "src/macro-assembler.h"
11 #include "src/zone/zone-containers.h"
12 
13 namespace v8 {
14 namespace internal {
15 
16 class V8_EXPORT_PRIVATE EhFrameConstants final
NON_EXPORTED_BASE(AllStatic)17     : public NON_EXPORTED_BASE(AllStatic) {
18  public:
19   enum class DwarfOpcodes : byte {
20     kNop = 0x00,
21     kAdvanceLoc1 = 0x02,
22     kAdvanceLoc2 = 0x03,
23     kAdvanceLoc4 = 0x04,
24     kSameValue = 0x08,
25     kDefCfa = 0x0c,
26     kDefCfaRegister = 0x0d,
27     kDefCfaOffset = 0x0e,
28     kOffsetExtendedSf = 0x11,
29   };
30 
31   enum DwarfEncodingSpecifiers : byte {
32     kUData4 = 0x03,
33     kSData4 = 0x0b,
34     kPcRel = 0x10,
35     kDataRel = 0x30,
36     kOmit = 0xff,
37   };
38 
39   static const int kLocationTag = 1;
40   static const int kLocationMask = 0x3f;
41   static const int kLocationMaskSize = 6;
42 
43   static const int kSavedRegisterTag = 2;
44   static const int kSavedRegisterMask = 0x3f;
45   static const int kSavedRegisterMaskSize = 6;
46 
47   static const int kFollowInitialRuleTag = 3;
48   static const int kFollowInitialRuleMask = 0x3f;
49   static const int kFollowInitialRuleMaskSize = 6;
50 
51   static const int kProcedureAddressOffsetInFde = 2 * kInt32Size;
52   static const int kProcedureSizeOffsetInFde = 3 * kInt32Size;
53 
54   static const int kInitialStateOffsetInCie = 19;
55   static const int kEhFrameTerminatorSize = 4;
56 
57   // Defined in eh-writer-<arch>.cc
58   static const int kCodeAlignmentFactor;
59   static const int kDataAlignmentFactor;
60 
61   static const int kFdeVersionSize = 1;
62   static const int kFdeEncodingSpecifiersSize = 3;
63 
64   static const int kEhFrameHdrVersion = 1;
65   static const int kEhFrameHdrSize = 20;
66 };
67 
68 class V8_EXPORT_PRIVATE EhFrameWriter {
69  public:
70   explicit EhFrameWriter(Zone* zone);
71 
72   // The empty frame is a hack to trigger fp-based unwinding in Linux perf
73   // compiled with libunwind support when processing DWARF-based call graphs.
74   //
75   // It is effectively a valid eh_frame_hdr with an empty look up table.
76   //
77   static void WriteEmptyEhFrame(std::ostream& stream);  // NOLINT
78 
79   // Write the CIE and FDE header. Call it before any other method.
80   void Initialize();
81 
82   void AdvanceLocation(int pc_offset);
83 
84   // The <base_address> is the one to which all <offset>s in SaveRegisterToStack
85   // directives are relative. It is given by <base_register> + <base_offset>.
86   //
87   // The <base_offset> must be positive or 0.
88   //
89   void SetBaseAddressRegister(Register base_register);
90   void SetBaseAddressOffset(int base_offset);
IncreaseBaseAddressOffset(int base_delta)91   void IncreaseBaseAddressOffset(int base_delta) {
92     SetBaseAddressOffset(base_offset_ + base_delta);
93   }
94   void SetBaseAddressRegisterAndOffset(Register base_register, int base_offset);
95 
96   // Register saved at location <base_address> + <offset>.
97   // The <offset> must be a multiple of EhFrameConstants::kDataAlignment.
RecordRegisterSavedToStack(Register name,int offset)98   void RecordRegisterSavedToStack(Register name, int offset) {
99     RecordRegisterSavedToStack(RegisterToDwarfCode(name), offset);
100   }
101 
102   // The register has not been modified from the previous frame.
103   void RecordRegisterNotModified(Register name);
104 
105   // The register follows the rule defined in the CIE.
106   void RecordRegisterFollowsInitialRule(Register name);
107 
108   void Finish(int code_size);
109 
110   // Remember to call Finish() before GetEhFrame().
111   //
112   // The EhFrameWriter instance owns the buffer pointed by
113   // CodeDesc::unwinding_info, and must outlive any use of the CodeDesc.
114   //
115   void GetEhFrame(CodeDesc* desc);
116 
last_pc_offset()117   int last_pc_offset() const { return last_pc_offset_; }
base_register()118   Register base_register() const { return base_register_; }
base_offset()119   int base_offset() const { return base_offset_; }
120 
121  private:
122   enum class InternalState { kUndefined, kInitialized, kFinalized };
123 
124   static const uint32_t kInt32Placeholder = 0xdeadc0de;
125 
126   void WriteSLeb128(int32_t value);
127   void WriteULeb128(uint32_t value);
128 
WriteByte(byte value)129   void WriteByte(byte value) { eh_frame_buffer_.push_back(value); }
WriteOpcode(EhFrameConstants::DwarfOpcodes opcode)130   void WriteOpcode(EhFrameConstants::DwarfOpcodes opcode) {
131     WriteByte(static_cast<byte>(opcode));
132   }
WriteBytes(const byte * start,int size)133   void WriteBytes(const byte* start, int size) {
134     eh_frame_buffer_.insert(eh_frame_buffer_.end(), start, start + size);
135   }
WriteInt16(uint16_t value)136   void WriteInt16(uint16_t value) {
137     WriteBytes(reinterpret_cast<const byte*>(&value), sizeof(value));
138   }
WriteInt32(uint32_t value)139   void WriteInt32(uint32_t value) {
140     WriteBytes(reinterpret_cast<const byte*>(&value), sizeof(value));
141   }
PatchInt32(int base_offset,uint32_t value)142   void PatchInt32(int base_offset, uint32_t value) {
143     DCHECK_EQ(
144         ReadUnalignedUInt32(reinterpret_cast<Address>(eh_frame_buffer_.data()) +
145                             base_offset),
146         kInt32Placeholder);
147     DCHECK_LT(base_offset + kInt32Size, eh_frame_offset());
148     WriteUnalignedUInt32(
149         reinterpret_cast<Address>(eh_frame_buffer_.data()) + base_offset,
150         value);
151   }
152 
153   // Write the common information entry, which includes encoding specifiers,
154   // alignment factors, the return address (pseudo) register code and the
155   // directives to construct the initial state of the unwinding table.
156   void WriteCie();
157 
158   // Write the header of the function data entry, containing a pointer to the
159   // correspondent CIE and the position and size of the associated routine.
160   void WriteFdeHeader();
161 
162   // Write the contents of the .eh_frame_hdr section, including encoding
163   // specifiers and the routine => FDE lookup table.
164   void WriteEhFrameHdr(int code_size);
165 
166   // Write nops until the size reaches a multiple of 8 bytes.
167   void WritePaddingToAlignedSize(int unpadded_size);
168 
169   // Internal version that directly accepts a DWARF register code, needed for
170   // handling pseudo-registers on some platforms.
171   void RecordRegisterSavedToStack(int register_code, int offset);
172 
GetProcedureAddressOffset()173   int GetProcedureAddressOffset() const {
174     return fde_offset() + EhFrameConstants::kProcedureAddressOffsetInFde;
175   }
176 
GetProcedureSizeOffset()177   int GetProcedureSizeOffset() const {
178     return fde_offset() + EhFrameConstants::kProcedureSizeOffsetInFde;
179   }
180 
eh_frame_offset()181   int eh_frame_offset() const {
182     return static_cast<int>(eh_frame_buffer_.size());
183   }
184 
fde_offset()185   int fde_offset() const { return cie_size_; }
186 
187   // Platform specific functions implemented in eh-frame-<arch>.cc
188 
189   static int RegisterToDwarfCode(Register name);
190 
191   // Write directives to build the initial state in the CIE.
192   void WriteInitialStateInCie();
193 
194   // Write the return address (pseudo) register code.
195   void WriteReturnAddressRegisterCode();
196 
197   int cie_size_;
198   int last_pc_offset_;
199   InternalState writer_state_;
200   Register base_register_;
201   int base_offset_;
202   ZoneVector<byte> eh_frame_buffer_;
203 
204   DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(EhFrameWriter);
205 };
206 
207 class V8_EXPORT_PRIVATE EhFrameIterator {
208  public:
EhFrameIterator(const byte * start,const byte * end)209   EhFrameIterator(const byte* start, const byte* end)
210       : start_(start), next_(start), end_(end) {
211     DCHECK_LE(start, end);
212   }
213 
SkipCie()214   void SkipCie() {
215     DCHECK_EQ(next_, start_);
216     next_ += ReadUnalignedUInt32(reinterpret_cast<Address>(next_)) + kInt32Size;
217   }
218 
SkipToFdeDirectives()219   void SkipToFdeDirectives() {
220     SkipCie();
221     // Skip the FDE header.
222     Skip(kDirectivesOffsetInFde);
223   }
224 
Skip(int how_many)225   void Skip(int how_many) {
226     DCHECK_GE(how_many, 0);
227     next_ += how_many;
228     DCHECK_LE(next_, end_);
229   }
230 
GetNextUInt32()231   uint32_t GetNextUInt32() { return GetNextValue<uint32_t>(); }
GetNextUInt16()232   uint16_t GetNextUInt16() { return GetNextValue<uint16_t>(); }
GetNextByte()233   byte GetNextByte() { return GetNextValue<byte>(); }
GetNextOpcode()234   EhFrameConstants::DwarfOpcodes GetNextOpcode() {
235     return static_cast<EhFrameConstants::DwarfOpcodes>(GetNextByte());
236   }
237 
238   uint32_t GetNextULeb128();
239   int32_t GetNextSLeb128();
240 
Done()241   bool Done() const {
242     DCHECK_LE(next_, end_);
243     return next_ == end_;
244   }
245 
GetCurrentOffset()246   int GetCurrentOffset() const {
247     DCHECK_GE(next_, start_);
248     return static_cast<int>(next_ - start_);
249   }
250 
GetBufferSize()251   int GetBufferSize() { return static_cast<int>(end_ - start_); }
252 
current_address()253   const void* current_address() const {
254     return reinterpret_cast<const void*>(next_);
255   }
256 
257  private:
258   static const int kDirectivesOffsetInFde = 4 * kInt32Size + 1;
259 
260   static uint32_t DecodeULeb128(const byte* encoded, int* encoded_size);
261   static int32_t DecodeSLeb128(const byte* encoded, int* encoded_size);
262 
263   template <typename T>
GetNextValue()264   T GetNextValue() {
265     T result;
266     DCHECK_LE(next_ + sizeof(result), end_);
267     result = ReadUnalignedValue<T>(reinterpret_cast<Address>(next_));
268     next_ += sizeof(result);
269     return result;
270   }
271 
272   const byte* start_;
273   const byte* next_;
274   const byte* end_;
275 };
276 
277 #ifdef ENABLE_DISASSEMBLER
278 
279 class EhFrameDisassembler final {
280  public:
EhFrameDisassembler(const byte * start,const byte * end)281   EhFrameDisassembler(const byte* start, const byte* end)
282       : start_(start), end_(end) {
283     DCHECK_LT(start, end);
284   }
285 
286   void DisassembleToStream(std::ostream& stream);  // NOLINT
287 
288  private:
289   static void DumpDwarfDirectives(std::ostream& stream,  // NOLINT
290                                   const byte* start, const byte* end);
291 
292   static const char* DwarfRegisterCodeToString(int code);
293 
294   const byte* start_;
295   const byte* end_;
296 
297   DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(EhFrameDisassembler);
298 };
299 
300 #endif
301 
302 }  // namespace internal
303 }  // namespace v8
304 
305 #endif  // V8_EH_FRAME_H_
306