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1 //===- DWARFDie.h -----------------------------------------------*- C++ -*-===//
2 //
3 //                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
4 //
5 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
6 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
7 //
8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
9 
10 #ifndef LLVM_DEBUGINFO_DWARFDIE_H
11 #define LLVM_DEBUGINFO_DWARFDIE_H
12 
13 #include "llvm/ADT/ArrayRef.h"
14 #include "llvm/ADT/Optional.h"
15 #include "llvm/ADT/iterator.h"
16 #include "llvm/ADT/iterator_range.h"
17 #include "llvm/BinaryFormat/Dwarf.h"
18 #include "llvm/DebugInfo/DIContext.h"
19 #include "llvm/DebugInfo/DWARF/DWARFAddressRange.h"
20 #include "llvm/DebugInfo/DWARF/DWARFAttribute.h"
21 #include "llvm/DebugInfo/DWARF/DWARFDebugInfoEntry.h"
22 #include <cassert>
23 #include <cstdint>
24 #include <iterator>
25 
26 namespace llvm {
27 
28 class DWARFUnit;
29 class raw_ostream;
30 
31 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
32 /// Utility class that carries the DWARF compile/type unit and the debug info
33 /// entry in an object.
34 ///
35 /// When accessing information from a debug info entry we always need to DWARF
36 /// compile/type unit in order to extract the info correctly as some information
37 /// is relative to the compile/type unit. Prior to this class the DWARFUnit and
38 /// the DWARFDebugInfoEntry was passed around separately and there was the
39 /// possibility for error if the wrong DWARFUnit was used to extract a unit
40 /// relative offset. This class helps to ensure that this doesn't happen and
41 /// also simplifies the attribute extraction calls by not having to specify the
42 /// DWARFUnit for each call.
43 class DWARFDie {
44   DWARFUnit *U = nullptr;
45   const DWARFDebugInfoEntry *Die = nullptr;
46 
47 public:
48   DWARFDie() = default;
DWARFDie(DWARFUnit * Unit,const DWARFDebugInfoEntry * D)49   DWARFDie(DWARFUnit *Unit, const DWARFDebugInfoEntry *D) : U(Unit), Die(D) {}
50 
isValid()51   bool isValid() const { return U && Die; }
52   explicit operator bool() const { return isValid(); }
getDebugInfoEntry()53   const DWARFDebugInfoEntry *getDebugInfoEntry() const { return Die; }
getDwarfUnit()54   DWARFUnit *getDwarfUnit() const { return U; }
55 
56   /// Get the abbreviation declaration for this DIE.
57   ///
58   /// \returns the abbreviation declaration or NULL for null tags.
getAbbreviationDeclarationPtr()59   const DWARFAbbreviationDeclaration *getAbbreviationDeclarationPtr() const {
60     assert(isValid() && "must check validity prior to calling");
61     return Die->getAbbreviationDeclarationPtr();
62   }
63 
64   /// Get the absolute offset into the debug info or types section.
65   ///
66   /// \returns the DIE offset or -1U if invalid.
getOffset()67   uint32_t getOffset() const {
68     assert(isValid() && "must check validity prior to calling");
69     return Die->getOffset();
70   }
71 
getTag()72   dwarf::Tag getTag() const {
73     auto AbbrevDecl = getAbbreviationDeclarationPtr();
74     if (AbbrevDecl)
75       return AbbrevDecl->getTag();
76     return dwarf::DW_TAG_null;
77   }
78 
hasChildren()79   bool hasChildren() const {
80     assert(isValid() && "must check validity prior to calling");
81     return Die->hasChildren();
82   }
83 
84   /// Returns true for a valid DIE that terminates a sibling chain.
isNULL()85   bool isNULL() const { return getAbbreviationDeclarationPtr() == nullptr; }
86 
87   /// Returns true if DIE represents a subprogram (not inlined).
88   bool isSubprogramDIE() const;
89 
90   /// Returns true if DIE represents a subprogram or an inlined subroutine.
91   bool isSubroutineDIE() const;
92 
93   /// Get the parent of this DIE object.
94   ///
95   /// \returns a valid DWARFDie instance if this object has a parent or an
96   /// invalid DWARFDie instance if it doesn't.
97   DWARFDie getParent() const;
98 
99   /// Get the sibling of this DIE object.
100   ///
101   /// \returns a valid DWARFDie instance if this object has a sibling or an
102   /// invalid DWARFDie instance if it doesn't.
103   DWARFDie getSibling() const;
104 
105   /// Get the previous sibling of this DIE object.
106   ///
107   /// \returns a valid DWARFDie instance if this object has a sibling or an
108   /// invalid DWARFDie instance if it doesn't.
109   DWARFDie getPreviousSibling() const;
110 
111   /// Get the first child of this DIE object.
112   ///
113   /// \returns a valid DWARFDie instance if this object has children or an
114   /// invalid DWARFDie instance if it doesn't.
115   DWARFDie getFirstChild() const;
116 
117   /// Get the last child of this DIE object.
118   ///
119   /// \returns a valid null DWARFDie instance if this object has children or an
120   /// invalid DWARFDie instance if it doesn't.
121   DWARFDie getLastChild() const;
122 
123   /// Dump the DIE and all of its attributes to the supplied stream.
124   ///
125   /// \param OS the stream to use for output.
126   /// \param indent the number of characters to indent each line that is output.
127   void dump(raw_ostream &OS, unsigned indent = 0,
128             DIDumpOptions DumpOpts = DIDumpOptions()) const;
129 
130   /// Convenience zero-argument overload for debugging.
131   LLVM_DUMP_METHOD void dump() const;
132 
133   /// Extract the specified attribute from this DIE.
134   ///
135   /// Extract an attribute value from this DIE only. This call doesn't look
136   /// for the attribute value in any DW_AT_specification or
137   /// DW_AT_abstract_origin referenced DIEs.
138   ///
139   /// \param Attr the attribute to extract.
140   /// \returns an optional DWARFFormValue that will have the form value if the
141   /// attribute was successfully extracted.
142   Optional<DWARFFormValue> find(dwarf::Attribute Attr) const;
143 
144   /// Extract the first value of any attribute in Attrs from this DIE.
145   ///
146   /// Extract the first attribute that matches from this DIE only. This call
147   /// doesn't look for the attribute value in any DW_AT_specification or
148   /// DW_AT_abstract_origin referenced DIEs. The attributes will be searched
149   /// linearly in the order they are specified within Attrs.
150   ///
151   /// \param Attrs an array of DWARF attribute to look for.
152   /// \returns an optional that has a valid DWARFFormValue for the first
153   /// matching attribute in Attrs, or None if none of the attributes in Attrs
154   /// exist in this DIE.
155   Optional<DWARFFormValue> find(ArrayRef<dwarf::Attribute> Attrs) const;
156 
157   /// Extract the first value of any attribute in Attrs from this DIE and
158   /// recurse into any DW_AT_specification or DW_AT_abstract_origin referenced
159   /// DIEs.
160   ///
161   /// \param Attrs an array of DWARF attribute to look for.
162   /// \returns an optional that has a valid DWARFFormValue for the first
163   /// matching attribute in Attrs, or None if none of the attributes in Attrs
164   /// exist in this DIE or in any DW_AT_specification or DW_AT_abstract_origin
165   /// DIEs.
166   Optional<DWARFFormValue>
167   findRecursively(ArrayRef<dwarf::Attribute> Attrs) const;
168 
169   /// Extract the specified attribute from this DIE as the referenced DIE.
170   ///
171   /// Regardless of the reference type, return the correct DWARFDie instance if
172   /// the attribute exists. The returned DWARFDie object might be from another
173   /// DWARFUnit, but that is all encapsulated in the new DWARFDie object.
174   ///
175   /// Extract an attribute value from this DIE only. This call doesn't look
176   /// for the attribute value in any DW_AT_specification or
177   /// DW_AT_abstract_origin referenced DIEs.
178   ///
179   /// \param Attr the attribute to extract.
180   /// \returns a valid DWARFDie instance if the attribute exists, or an invalid
181   /// DWARFDie object if it doesn't.
182   DWARFDie getAttributeValueAsReferencedDie(dwarf::Attribute Attr) const;
183 
184   /// Extract the range base attribute from this DIE as absolute section offset.
185   ///
186   /// This is a utility function that checks for either the DW_AT_rnglists_base
187   /// or DW_AT_GNU_ranges_base attribute.
188   ///
189   /// \returns anm optional absolute section offset value for the attribute.
190   Optional<uint64_t> getRangesBaseAttribute() const;
191 
192   /// Get the DW_AT_high_pc attribute value as an address.
193   ///
194   /// In DWARF version 4 and later the high PC can be encoded as an offset from
195   /// the DW_AT_low_pc. This function takes care of extracting the value as an
196   /// address or offset and adds it to the low PC if needed and returns the
197   /// value as an optional in case the DIE doesn't have a DW_AT_high_pc
198   /// attribute.
199   ///
200   /// \param LowPC the low PC that might be needed to calculate the high PC.
201   /// \returns an optional address value for the attribute.
202   Optional<uint64_t> getHighPC(uint64_t LowPC) const;
203 
204   /// Retrieves DW_AT_low_pc and DW_AT_high_pc from CU.
205   /// Returns true if both attributes are present.
206   bool getLowAndHighPC(uint64_t &LowPC, uint64_t &HighPC,
207                        uint64_t &SectionIndex) const;
208 
209   /// Get the address ranges for this DIE.
210   ///
211   /// Get the hi/low PC range if both attributes are available or exrtracts the
212   /// non-contiguous address ranges from the DW_AT_ranges attribute.
213   ///
214   /// Extracts the range information from this DIE only. This call doesn't look
215   /// for the range in any DW_AT_specification or DW_AT_abstract_origin DIEs.
216   ///
217   /// \returns a address range vector that might be empty if no address range
218   /// information is available.
219   Expected<DWARFAddressRangesVector> getAddressRanges() const;
220 
221   /// Get all address ranges for any DW_TAG_subprogram DIEs in this DIE or any
222   /// of its children.
223   ///
224   /// Get the hi/low PC range if both attributes are available or exrtracts the
225   /// non-contiguous address ranges from the DW_AT_ranges attribute for this DIE
226   /// and all children.
227   ///
228   /// \param Ranges the addres range vector to fill in.
229   void collectChildrenAddressRanges(DWARFAddressRangesVector &Ranges) const;
230 
231   bool addressRangeContainsAddress(const uint64_t Address) const;
232 
233   /// If a DIE represents a subprogram (or inlined subroutine), returns its
234   /// mangled name (or short name, if mangled is missing). This name may be
235   /// fetched from specification or abstract origin for this subprogram.
236   /// Returns null if no name is found.
237   const char *getSubroutineName(DINameKind Kind) const;
238 
239   /// Return the DIE name resolving DW_AT_sepcification or DW_AT_abstract_origin
240   /// references if necessary. Returns null if no name is found.
241   const char *getName(DINameKind Kind) const;
242 
243   /// Returns the declaration line (start line) for a DIE, assuming it specifies
244   /// a subprogram. This may be fetched from specification or abstract origin
245   /// for this subprogram by resolving DW_AT_sepcification or
246   /// DW_AT_abstract_origin references if necessary.
247   uint64_t getDeclLine() const;
248 
249   /// Retrieves values of DW_AT_call_file, DW_AT_call_line and DW_AT_call_column
250   /// from DIE (or zeroes if they are missing). This function looks for
251   /// DW_AT_call attributes in this DIE only, it will not resolve the attribute
252   /// values in any DW_AT_specification or DW_AT_abstract_origin DIEs.
253   /// \param CallFile filled in with non-zero if successful, zero if there is no
254   /// DW_AT_call_file attribute in this DIE.
255   /// \param CallLine filled in with non-zero if successful, zero if there is no
256   /// DW_AT_call_line attribute in this DIE.
257   /// \param CallColumn filled in with non-zero if successful, zero if there is
258   /// no DW_AT_call_column attribute in this DIE.
259   /// \param CallDiscriminator filled in with non-zero if successful, zero if
260   /// there is no DW_AT_GNU_discriminator attribute in this DIE.
261   void getCallerFrame(uint32_t &CallFile, uint32_t &CallLine,
262                       uint32_t &CallColumn, uint32_t &CallDiscriminator) const;
263 
264   class attribute_iterator;
265 
266   /// Get an iterator range to all attributes in the current DIE only.
267   ///
268   /// \returns an iterator range for the attributes of the current DIE.
269   iterator_range<attribute_iterator> attributes() const;
270 
271   class iterator;
272 
273   iterator begin() const;
274   iterator end() const;
275 
276   std::reverse_iterator<iterator> rbegin() const;
277   std::reverse_iterator<iterator> rend() const;
278 
279   iterator_range<iterator> children() const;
280 };
281 
282 class DWARFDie::attribute_iterator
283     : public iterator_facade_base<attribute_iterator, std::forward_iterator_tag,
284                                   const DWARFAttribute> {
285   /// The DWARF DIE we are extracting attributes from.
286   DWARFDie Die;
287   /// The value vended to clients via the operator*() or operator->().
288   DWARFAttribute AttrValue;
289   /// The attribute index within the abbreviation declaration in Die.
290   uint32_t Index;
291 
292   friend bool operator==(const attribute_iterator &LHS,
293                          const attribute_iterator &RHS);
294 
295   /// Update the attribute index and attempt to read the attribute value. If the
296   /// attribute is able to be read, update AttrValue and the Index member
297   /// variable. If the attribute value is not able to be read, an appropriate
298   /// error will be set if the Err member variable is non-NULL and the iterator
299   /// will be set to the end value so iteration stops.
300   void updateForIndex(const DWARFAbbreviationDeclaration &AbbrDecl, uint32_t I);
301 
302 public:
303   attribute_iterator() = delete;
304   explicit attribute_iterator(DWARFDie D, bool End);
305 
306   attribute_iterator &operator++();
307   attribute_iterator &operator--();
308   explicit operator bool() const { return AttrValue.isValid(); }
309   const DWARFAttribute &operator*() const { return AttrValue; }
310 };
311 
312 inline bool operator==(const DWARFDie::attribute_iterator &LHS,
313                        const DWARFDie::attribute_iterator &RHS) {
314   return LHS.Index == RHS.Index;
315 }
316 
317 inline bool operator!=(const DWARFDie::attribute_iterator &LHS,
318                        const DWARFDie::attribute_iterator &RHS) {
319   return !(LHS == RHS);
320 }
321 
322 inline bool operator==(const DWARFDie &LHS, const DWARFDie &RHS) {
323   return LHS.getDebugInfoEntry() == RHS.getDebugInfoEntry() &&
324          LHS.getDwarfUnit() == RHS.getDwarfUnit();
325 }
326 
327 inline bool operator!=(const DWARFDie &LHS, const DWARFDie &RHS) {
328   return !(LHS == RHS);
329 }
330 
331 inline bool operator<(const DWARFDie &LHS, const DWARFDie &RHS) {
332   return LHS.getOffset() < RHS.getOffset();
333 }
334 
335 class DWARFDie::iterator
336     : public iterator_facade_base<iterator, std::bidirectional_iterator_tag,
337                                   const DWARFDie> {
338   DWARFDie Die;
339 
340   friend std::reverse_iterator<llvm::DWARFDie::iterator>;
341   friend bool operator==(const DWARFDie::iterator &LHS,
342                          const DWARFDie::iterator &RHS);
343 
344 public:
345   iterator() = default;
346 
iterator(DWARFDie D)347   explicit iterator(DWARFDie D) : Die(D) {}
348 
349   iterator &operator++() {
350     Die = Die.getSibling();
351     return *this;
352   }
353 
354   iterator &operator--() {
355     Die = Die.getPreviousSibling();
356     return *this;
357   }
358 
359   const DWARFDie &operator*() const { return Die; }
360 };
361 
362 inline bool operator==(const DWARFDie::iterator &LHS,
363                        const DWARFDie::iterator &RHS) {
364   return LHS.Die == RHS.Die;
365 }
366 
367 inline bool operator!=(const DWARFDie::iterator &LHS,
368                        const DWARFDie::iterator &RHS) {
369   return !(LHS == RHS);
370 }
371 
372 // These inline functions must follow the DWARFDie::iterator definition above
373 // as they use functions from that class.
begin()374 inline DWARFDie::iterator DWARFDie::begin() const {
375   return iterator(getFirstChild());
376 }
377 
end()378 inline DWARFDie::iterator DWARFDie::end() const {
379   return iterator(getLastChild());
380 }
381 
children()382 inline iterator_range<DWARFDie::iterator> DWARFDie::children() const {
383   return make_range(begin(), end());
384 }
385 
386 } // end namespace llvm
387 
388 namespace std {
389 
390 template <>
391 class reverse_iterator<llvm::DWARFDie::iterator>
392     : public llvm::iterator_facade_base<
393           reverse_iterator<llvm::DWARFDie::iterator>,
394           bidirectional_iterator_tag, const llvm::DWARFDie> {
395 
396 private:
397   llvm::DWARFDie Die;
398   bool AtEnd;
399 
400 public:
reverse_iterator(llvm::DWARFDie::iterator It)401   reverse_iterator(llvm::DWARFDie::iterator It)
402       : Die(It.Die), AtEnd(!It.Die.getPreviousSibling()) {
403     if (!AtEnd)
404       Die = Die.getPreviousSibling();
405   }
406 
407   reverse_iterator<llvm::DWARFDie::iterator> &operator++() {
408     assert(!AtEnd && "Incrementing rend");
409     llvm::DWARFDie D = Die.getPreviousSibling();
410     if (D)
411       Die = D;
412     else
413       AtEnd = true;
414     return *this;
415   }
416 
417   reverse_iterator<llvm::DWARFDie::iterator> &operator--() {
418     if (AtEnd) {
419       AtEnd = false;
420       return *this;
421     }
422     Die = Die.getSibling();
423     assert(!Die.isNULL() && "Decrementing rbegin");
424     return *this;
425   }
426 
427   const llvm::DWARFDie &operator*() const {
428     assert(Die.isValid());
429     return Die;
430   }
431 
432   // FIXME: We should be able to specify the equals operator as a friend, but
433   //        that causes the compiler to think the operator overload is ambiguous
434   //        with the friend declaration and the actual definition as candidates.
equals(const reverse_iterator<llvm::DWARFDie::iterator> & RHS)435   bool equals(const reverse_iterator<llvm::DWARFDie::iterator> &RHS) const {
436     return Die == RHS.Die && AtEnd == RHS.AtEnd;
437   }
438 };
439 
440 } // namespace std
441 
442 namespace llvm {
443 
444 inline bool operator==(const std::reverse_iterator<DWARFDie::iterator> &LHS,
445                        const std::reverse_iterator<DWARFDie::iterator> &RHS) {
446   return LHS.equals(RHS);
447 }
448 
449 inline bool operator!=(const std::reverse_iterator<DWARFDie::iterator> &LHS,
450                        const std::reverse_iterator<DWARFDie::iterator> &RHS) {
451   return !(LHS == RHS);
452 }
453 
rbegin()454 inline std::reverse_iterator<DWARFDie::iterator> DWARFDie::rbegin() const {
455   return llvm::make_reverse_iterator(end());
456 }
457 
rend()458 inline std::reverse_iterator<DWARFDie::iterator> DWARFDie::rend() const {
459   return llvm::make_reverse_iterator(begin());
460 }
461 
462 } // end namespace llvm
463 
464 #endif // LLVM_DEBUGINFO_DWARFDIE_H
465