xref: /external/tensorflow/tensorflow/python/saved_model/model_utils/export_utils.py

# Copyright 2017 The TensorFlow Authors. All Rights Reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
# ==============================================================================
"""Utilities for creating SavedModels."""

from __future__ import absolute_import
from __future__ import division
from __future__ import print_function

import collections
import os
import time

import six

from tensorflow.python.platform import gfile
from tensorflow.python.platform import tf_logging as logging
from tensorflow.python.saved_model import signature_constants
from tensorflow.python.saved_model import signature_def_utils
from tensorflow.python.saved_model import tag_constants
from tensorflow.python.saved_model.model_utils import export_output as export_output_lib
from tensorflow.python.saved_model.model_utils import mode_keys
from tensorflow.python.saved_model.model_utils.mode_keys import KerasModeKeys as ModeKeys
from tensorflow.python.util import compat


# Mapping of the modes to appropriate MetaGraph tags in the SavedModel.
EXPORT_TAG_MAP = mode_keys.ModeKeyMap(**{
    ModeKeys.PREDICT: [tag_constants.SERVING],
    ModeKeys.TRAIN: [tag_constants.TRAINING],
    ModeKeys.TEST: [tag_constants.EVAL]})

# For every exported mode, a SignatureDef map should be created using the
# functions `export_outputs_for_mode` and `build_all_signature_defs`. By
# default, this map will contain a single Signature that defines the input
# tensors and output predictions, losses, and/or metrics (depending on the mode)
# The default keys used in the SignatureDef map are defined below.
SIGNATURE_KEY_MAP = mode_keys.ModeKeyMap(**{
    ModeKeys.PREDICT: signature_constants.DEFAULT_SERVING_SIGNATURE_DEF_KEY,
    ModeKeys.TRAIN: signature_constants.DEFAULT_TRAIN_SIGNATURE_DEF_KEY,
    ModeKeys.TEST: signature_constants.DEFAULT_EVAL_SIGNATURE_DEF_KEY})

# Default names used in the SignatureDef input map, which maps strings to
# TensorInfo protos.
SINGLE_FEATURE_DEFAULT_NAME = 'feature'
SINGLE_RECEIVER_DEFAULT_NAME = 'input'
SINGLE_LABEL_DEFAULT_NAME = 'label'

### Below utilities are specific to SavedModel exports.


def build_all_signature_defs(receiver_tensors,
                             export_outputs,
                             receiver_tensors_alternatives=None,
                             serving_only=True):
  """Build `SignatureDef`s for all export outputs.

  Args:
    receiver_tensors: a `Tensor`, or a dict of string to `Tensor`, specifying
      input nodes where this receiver expects to be fed by default.  Typically,
      this is a single placeholder expecting serialized `tf.Example` protos.
    export_outputs: a dict of ExportOutput instances, each of which has
      an as_signature_def instance method that will be called to retrieve
      the signature_def for all export output tensors.
    receiver_tensors_alternatives: a dict of string to additional
      groups of receiver tensors, each of which may be a `Tensor` or a dict of
      string to `Tensor`.  These named receiver tensor alternatives generate
      additional serving signatures, which may be used to feed inputs at
      different points within the input receiver subgraph.  A typical usage is
      to allow feeding raw feature `Tensor`s *downstream* of the
      tf.parse_example() op.  Defaults to None.
    serving_only: boolean; if true, resulting signature defs will only include
      valid serving signatures. If false, all requested signatures will be
      returned.

  Returns:
    signature_def representing all passed args.

  Raises:
    ValueError: if export_outputs is not a dict
  """
  if not isinstance(receiver_tensors, dict):
    receiver_tensors = {SINGLE_RECEIVER_DEFAULT_NAME: receiver_tensors}
  if export_outputs is None or not isinstance(export_outputs, dict):
    raise ValueError('export_outputs must be a dict and not'
                     '{}'.format(type(export_outputs)))

  signature_def_map = {}
  excluded_signatures = {}
  for output_key, export_output in export_outputs.items():
    signature_name = '{}'.format(output_key or 'None')
    try:
      signature = export_output.as_signature_def(receiver_tensors)
      signature_def_map[signature_name] = signature
    except ValueError as e:
      excluded_signatures[signature_name] = str(e)

  if receiver_tensors_alternatives:
    for receiver_name, receiver_tensors_alt in (
        six.iteritems(receiver_tensors_alternatives)):
      if not isinstance(receiver_tensors_alt, dict):
        receiver_tensors_alt = {
            SINGLE_RECEIVER_DEFAULT_NAME: receiver_tensors_alt
        }
      for output_key, export_output in export_outputs.items():
        signature_name = '{}:{}'.format(receiver_name or 'None', output_key or
                                        'None')
        try:
          signature = export_output.as_signature_def(receiver_tensors_alt)
          signature_def_map[signature_name] = signature
        except ValueError as e:
          excluded_signatures[signature_name] = str(e)

  _log_signature_report(signature_def_map, excluded_signatures)

  # The above calls to export_output_lib.as_signature_def should return only
  # valid signatures; if there is a validity problem, they raise a ValueError,
  # in which case we exclude that signature from signature_def_map above.
  # The is_valid_signature check ensures that the signatures produced are
  # valid for serving, and acts as an additional sanity check for export
  # signatures produced for serving. We skip this check for training and eval
  # signatures, which are not intended for serving.
  if serving_only:
    signature_def_map = {
        k: v
        for k, v in signature_def_map.items()
        if signature_def_utils.is_valid_signature(v)
    }
  return signature_def_map


_FRIENDLY_METHOD_NAMES = {
    signature_constants.CLASSIFY_METHOD_NAME: 'Classify',
    signature_constants.REGRESS_METHOD_NAME: 'Regress',
    signature_constants.PREDICT_METHOD_NAME: 'Predict',
    signature_constants.SUPERVISED_TRAIN_METHOD_NAME: 'Train',
    signature_constants.SUPERVISED_EVAL_METHOD_NAME: 'Eval',
}


def _log_signature_report(signature_def_map, excluded_signatures):
  """Log a report of which signatures were produced."""
  sig_names_by_method_name = collections.defaultdict(list)

  # We'll collect whatever method_names are present, but also we want to make
  # sure to output a line for each of the three standard methods even if they
  # have no signatures.
  for method_name in _FRIENDLY_METHOD_NAMES:
    sig_names_by_method_name[method_name] = []

  for signature_name, sig in signature_def_map.items():
    sig_names_by_method_name[sig.method_name].append(signature_name)

  # TODO(b/67733540): consider printing the full signatures, not just names
  for method_name, sig_names in sig_names_by_method_name.items():
    if method_name in _FRIENDLY_METHOD_NAMES:
      method_name = _FRIENDLY_METHOD_NAMES[method_name]
    logging.info('Signatures INCLUDED in export for {}: {}'.format(
        method_name, sig_names if sig_names else 'None'))

  if excluded_signatures:
    logging.info('Signatures EXCLUDED from export because they cannot be '
                 'be served via TensorFlow Serving APIs:')
    for signature_name, message in excluded_signatures.items():
      logging.info('\'{}\' : {}'.format(signature_name, message))

  if not signature_def_map:
    logging.warn('Export includes no signatures!')
  elif (signature_constants.DEFAULT_SERVING_SIGNATURE_DEF_KEY not in
        signature_def_map):
    logging.warn('Export includes no default signature!')


# When we create a timestamped directory, there is a small chance that the
# directory already exists because another process is also creating these
# directories. In this case we just wait one second to get a new timestamp and
# try again. If this fails several times in a row, then something is seriously
# wrong.
MAX_DIRECTORY_CREATION_ATTEMPTS = 10


def get_timestamped_export_dir(export_dir_base):
  """Builds a path to a new subdirectory within the base directory.

  Each export is written into a new subdirectory named using the
  current time.  This guarantees monotonically increasing version
  numbers even across multiple runs of the pipeline.
  The timestamp used is the number of seconds since epoch UTC.

  Args:
    export_dir_base: A string containing a directory to write the exported
        graph and checkpoints.
  Returns:
    The full path of the new subdirectory (which is not actually created yet).

  Raises:
    RuntimeError: if repeated attempts fail to obtain a unique timestamped
      directory name.
  """
  attempts = 0
  while attempts < MAX_DIRECTORY_CREATION_ATTEMPTS:
    timestamp = int(time.time())

    result_dir = os.path.join(
        compat.as_bytes(export_dir_base), compat.as_bytes(str(timestamp)))
    if not gfile.Exists(result_dir):
      # Collisions are still possible (though extremely unlikely): this
      # directory is not actually created yet, but it will be almost
      # instantly on return from this function.
      return result_dir
    time.sleep(1)
    attempts += 1
    logging.warn('Directory {} already exists; retrying (attempt {}/{})'.format(
        result_dir, attempts, MAX_DIRECTORY_CREATION_ATTEMPTS))
  raise RuntimeError('Failed to obtain a unique export directory name after '
                     '{} attempts.'.format(MAX_DIRECTORY_CREATION_ATTEMPTS))


def get_temp_export_dir(timestamped_export_dir):
  """Builds a directory name based on the argument but starting with 'temp-'.

  This relies on the fact that TensorFlow Serving ignores subdirectories of
  the base directory that can't be parsed as integers.

  Args:
    timestamped_export_dir: the name of the eventual export directory, e.g.
      /foo/bar/<timestamp>

  Returns:
    A sister directory prefixed with 'temp-', e.g. /foo/bar/temp-<timestamp>.
  """
  (dirname, basename) = os.path.split(timestamped_export_dir)
  temp_export_dir = os.path.join(
      compat.as_bytes(dirname), compat.as_bytes('temp-{}'.format(basename)))
  return temp_export_dir


def export_outputs_for_mode(
    mode, serving_export_outputs=None, predictions=None, loss=None,
    metrics=None):
  """Util function for constructing a `ExportOutput` dict given a mode.

  The returned dict can be directly passed to `build_all_signature_defs` helper
  function as the `export_outputs` argument, used for generating a SignatureDef
  map.

  Args:
    mode: A `ModeKeys` specifying the mode.
    serving_export_outputs: Describes the output signatures to be exported to
      `SavedModel` and used during serving. Should be a dict or None.
    predictions: A dict of Tensors or single Tensor representing model
        predictions. This argument is only used if serving_export_outputs is not
        set.
    loss: A dict of Tensors or single Tensor representing calculated loss.
    metrics: A dict of (metric_value, update_op) tuples, or a single tuple.
      metric_value must be a Tensor, and update_op must be a Tensor or Op

  Returns:
    Dictionary mapping the a key to an `tf.estimator.export.ExportOutput` object
    The key is the expected SignatureDef key for the mode.

  Raises:
    ValueError: if an appropriate ExportOutput cannot be found for the mode.
  """
  if mode not in SIGNATURE_KEY_MAP:
    raise ValueError(
        'Export output type not found for mode: {}. Expected one of: {}.\n'
        'One likely error is that V1 Estimator Modekeys were somehow passed to '
        'this function. Please ensure that you are using the new ModeKeys.'
        .format(mode, SIGNATURE_KEY_MAP.keys()))
  signature_key = SIGNATURE_KEY_MAP[mode]
  if mode_keys.is_predict(mode):
    return get_export_outputs(serving_export_outputs, predictions)
  elif mode_keys.is_train(mode):
    return {signature_key: export_output_lib.TrainOutput(
        loss=loss, predictions=predictions, metrics=metrics)}
  else:
    return {signature_key: export_output_lib.EvalOutput(
        loss=loss, predictions=predictions, metrics=metrics)}


def get_export_outputs(export_outputs, predictions):
  """Validate export_outputs or create default export_outputs.

  Args:
    export_outputs: Describes the output signatures to be exported to
      `SavedModel` and used during serving. Should be a dict or None.
    predictions:  Predictions `Tensor` or dict of `Tensor`.

  Returns:
    Valid export_outputs dict

  Raises:
    TypeError: if export_outputs is not a dict or its values are not
      ExportOutput instances.
  """
  if export_outputs is None:
    default_output = export_output_lib.PredictOutput(predictions)
    export_outputs = {
        signature_constants.DEFAULT_SERVING_SIGNATURE_DEF_KEY: default_output}

  if not isinstance(export_outputs, dict):
    raise TypeError('export_outputs must be dict, given: {}'.format(
        export_outputs))
  for v in six.itervalues(export_outputs):
    if not isinstance(v, export_output_lib.ExportOutput):
      raise TypeError(
          'Values in export_outputs must be ExportOutput objects. '
          'Given: {}'.format(export_outputs))

  _maybe_add_default_serving_output(export_outputs)

  return export_outputs


def _maybe_add_default_serving_output(export_outputs):
  """Add a default serving output to the export_outputs if not present.

  Args:
    export_outputs: Describes the output signatures to be exported to
      `SavedModel` and used during serving. Should be a dict.

  Returns:
    export_outputs dict with default serving signature added if necessary

  Raises:
    ValueError: if multiple export_outputs were provided without a default
      serving key.
  """
  if len(export_outputs) == 1:
    (key, value), = export_outputs.items()
    if key != signature_constants.DEFAULT_SERVING_SIGNATURE_DEF_KEY:
      export_outputs[
          signature_constants.DEFAULT_SERVING_SIGNATURE_DEF_KEY] = value
  if len(export_outputs) > 1:
    if (signature_constants.DEFAULT_SERVING_SIGNATURE_DEF_KEY
        not in export_outputs):
      raise ValueError(
          'Multiple export_outputs were provided, but none of them is '
          'specified as the default.  Do this by naming one of them with '
          'signature_constants.DEFAULT_SERVING_SIGNATURE_DEF_KEY.')

  return export_outputs