1<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN""http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> 2<HTML 3><HEAD 4><TITLE 5>YUV Formats</TITLE 6><META 7NAME="GENERATOR" 8CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.79"><LINK 9REL="HOME" 10TITLE="Video for Linux Two API Specification" 11HREF="book1.htm"><LINK 12REL="UP" 13TITLE="Image Formats" 14HREF="c2030.htm"><LINK 15REL="PREVIOUS" 16TITLE="V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR16 ('BA82')" 17HREF="r3796.htm"><LINK 18REL="NEXT" 19TITLE="Packed YUV formats" 20HREF="r3896.htm"></HEAD 21><BODY 22CLASS="SECTION" 23BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" 24TEXT="#000000" 25LINK="#0000FF" 26VLINK="#840084" 27ALINK="#0000FF" 28><DIV 29CLASS="NAVHEADER" 30><TABLE 31SUMMARY="Header navigation table" 32WIDTH="100%" 33BORDER="0" 34CELLPADDING="0" 35CELLSPACING="0" 36><TR 37><TH 38COLSPAN="3" 39ALIGN="center" 40>Video for Linux Two API Specification: Revision 0.24</TH 41></TR 42><TR 43><TD 44WIDTH="10%" 45ALIGN="left" 46VALIGN="bottom" 47><A 48HREF="r3796.htm" 49ACCESSKEY="P" 50>Prev</A 51></TD 52><TD 53WIDTH="80%" 54ALIGN="center" 55VALIGN="bottom" 56>Chapter 2. Image Formats</TD 57><TD 58WIDTH="10%" 59ALIGN="right" 60VALIGN="bottom" 61><A 62HREF="r3896.htm" 63ACCESSKEY="N" 64>Next</A 65></TD 66></TR 67></TABLE 68><HR 69ALIGN="LEFT" 70WIDTH="100%"></DIV 71><DIV 72CLASS="SECTION" 73><H1 74CLASS="SECTION" 75><A 76NAME="YUV-FORMATS" 77>2.5. YUV Formats</A 78></H1 79><DIV 80CLASS="TOC" 81><DL 82><DT 83><B 84>Table of Contents</B 85></DT 86><DT 87><A 88HREF="r3896.htm" 89>Packed YUV formats</A 90> -- Packed YUV formats</DT 91><DT 92><A 93HREF="r4185.htm" 94>V4L2_PIX_FMT_GREY ('GREY')</A 95> -- Grey-scale image</DT 96><DT 97><A 98HREF="r4246.htm" 99>V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y16 ('Y16 ')</A 100> -- Grey-scale image</DT 101><DT 102><A 103HREF="r4339.htm" 104>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV ('YUYV')</A 105> -- Packed format with ½ horizontal chroma 106resolution, also known as YUV 4:2:2</DT 107><DT 108><A 109HREF="r4484.htm" 110>V4L2_PIX_FMT_UYVY ('UYVY')</A 111> -- Variation of 112<CODE 113CLASS="CONSTANT" 114>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV</CODE 115> with different order of samples 116in memory</DT 117><DT 118><A 119HREF="r4629.htm" 120>V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y41P ('Y41P')</A 121> -- Format with ¼ horizontal chroma 122resolution, also known as YUV 4:1:1</DT 123><DT 124><A 125HREF="r4850.htm" 126>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU420 ('YV12'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV420 ('YU12')</A 127> -- Planar formats with ½ horizontal and 128vertical chroma resolution, also known as YUV 4:2:0</DT 129><DT 130><A 131HREF="r5016.htm" 132>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU410 ('YVU9'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV410 ('YUV9')</A 133> -- Planar formats with ¼ horizontal and 134vertical chroma resolution, also known as YUV 4:1:0</DT 135><DT 136><A 137HREF="r5154.htm" 138>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV422P ('422P')</A 139> -- Format with ½ horizontal chroma resolution, 140also known as YUV 4:2:2. Planar layout as opposed to 141<CODE 142CLASS="CONSTANT" 143>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV</CODE 144></DT 145><DT 146><A 147HREF="r5319.htm" 148>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV411P ('411P')</A 149> -- Format with ¼ horizontal chroma resolution, 150also known as YUV 4:1:1. Planar layout as opposed to 151<CODE 152CLASS="CONSTANT" 153>V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y41P</CODE 154></DT 155><DT 156><A 157HREF="r5470.htm" 158>V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12 ('NV12'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV21 ('NV21')</A 159> -- Formats with ½ horizontal and vertical 160chroma resolution, also known as YUV 4:2:0. One luminance and one 161chrominance plane with alternating chroma samples as opposed to 162<CODE 163CLASS="CONSTANT" 164>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU420</CODE 165></DT 166></DL 167></DIV 168><P 169>YUV is the format native to TV broadcast and composite video 170signals. It separates the brightness information (Y) from the color 171information (U and V or Cb and Cr). The color information consists of 172red and blue <SPAN 173CLASS="emphasis" 174><I 175CLASS="EMPHASIS" 176>color difference</I 177></SPAN 178> signals, this way 179the green component can be reconstructed by subtracting from the 180brightness component. See <A 181HREF="x2123.htm" 182>Section 2.2</A 183> for conversion 184examples. YUV was chosen because early television would only transmit 185brightness information. To add color in a way compatible with existing 186receivers a new signal carrier was added to transmit the color 187difference signals. Secondary in the YUV format the U and V components 188usually have lower resolution than the Y component. This is an analog 189video compression technique taking advantage of a property of the 190human visual system, being more sensitive to brightness 191information.</P 192></DIV 193><DIV 194CLASS="NAVFOOTER" 195><HR 196ALIGN="LEFT" 197WIDTH="100%"><TABLE 198SUMMARY="Footer navigation table" 199WIDTH="100%" 200BORDER="0" 201CELLPADDING="0" 202CELLSPACING="0" 203><TR 204><TD 205WIDTH="33%" 206ALIGN="left" 207VALIGN="top" 208><A 209HREF="r3796.htm" 210ACCESSKEY="P" 211>Prev</A 212></TD 213><TD 214WIDTH="34%" 215ALIGN="center" 216VALIGN="top" 217><A 218HREF="book1.htm" 219ACCESSKEY="H" 220>Home</A 221></TD 222><TD 223WIDTH="33%" 224ALIGN="right" 225VALIGN="top" 226><A 227HREF="r3896.htm" 228ACCESSKEY="N" 229>Next</A 230></TD 231></TR 232><TR 233><TD 234WIDTH="33%" 235ALIGN="left" 236VALIGN="top" 237>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR16 ('BA82')</TD 238><TD 239WIDTH="34%" 240ALIGN="center" 241VALIGN="top" 242><A 243HREF="c2030.htm" 244ACCESSKEY="U" 245>Up</A 246></TD 247><TD 248WIDTH="33%" 249ALIGN="right" 250VALIGN="top" 251>Packed YUV formats</TD 252></TR 253></TABLE 254></DIV 255></BODY 256></HTML 257> 258