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1 // Protocol Buffers - Google's data interchange format
2 // Copyright 2008 Google Inc.  All rights reserved.
3 // https://developers.google.com/protocol-buffers/
4 //
5 // Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6 // modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
7 // met:
8 //
9 //     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10 // notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11 //     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
12 // copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
13 // in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
14 // distribution.
15 //     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
16 // contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
17 // this software without specific prior written permission.
18 //
19 // THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
20 // "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
21 // LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
22 // A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
23 // OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
24 // SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
25 // LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
26 // DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
27 // THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
28 // (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
29 // OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
30 
31 // This file declares the ByteSink and ByteSource abstract interfaces. These
32 // interfaces represent objects that consume (ByteSink) or produce (ByteSource)
33 // a sequence of bytes. Using these abstract interfaces in your APIs can help
34 // make your code work with a variety of input and output types.
35 //
36 // This file also declares the following commonly used implementations of these
37 // interfaces.
38 //
39 //   ByteSink:
40 //      UncheckedArrayByteSink  Writes to an array, without bounds checking
41 //      CheckedArrayByteSink    Writes to an array, with bounds checking
42 //      GrowingArrayByteSink    Allocates and writes to a growable buffer
43 //      StringByteSink          Writes to an STL string
44 //      NullByteSink            Consumes a never-ending stream of bytes
45 //
46 //   ByteSource:
47 //      ArrayByteSource         Reads from an array or string/StringPiece
48 //      LimitedByteSource       Limits the number of bytes read from an
49 
50 #ifndef GOOGLE_PROTOBUF_STUBS_BYTESTREAM_H_
51 #define GOOGLE_PROTOBUF_STUBS_BYTESTREAM_H_
52 
53 #include <stddef.h>
54 #include <string>
55 
56 #include <google/protobuf/stubs/common.h>
57 #include <google/protobuf/stubs/stringpiece.h>
58 
59 #include <google/protobuf/port_def.inc>
60 
61 class CordByteSink;
62 
63 namespace google {
64 namespace protobuf {
65 namespace strings {
66 
67 // An abstract interface for an object that consumes a sequence of bytes. This
68 // interface offers a way to append data as well as a Flush() function.
69 //
70 // Example:
71 //
72 //   string my_data;
73 //   ...
74 //   ByteSink* sink = ...
75 //   sink->Append(my_data.data(), my_data.size());
76 //   sink->Flush();
77 //
78 class PROTOBUF_EXPORT ByteSink {
79  public:
ByteSink()80   ByteSink() {}
~ByteSink()81   virtual ~ByteSink() {}
82 
83   // Appends the "n" bytes starting at "bytes".
84   virtual void Append(const char* bytes, size_t n) = 0;
85 
86   // Flushes internal buffers. The default implemenation does nothing. ByteSink
87   // subclasses may use internal buffers that require calling Flush() at the end
88   // of the stream.
89   virtual void Flush();
90 
91  private:
92   GOOGLE_DISALLOW_EVIL_CONSTRUCTORS(ByteSink);
93 };
94 
95 // An abstract interface for an object that produces a fixed-size sequence of
96 // bytes.
97 //
98 // Example:
99 //
100 //   ByteSource* source = ...
101 //   while (source->Available() > 0) {
102 //     StringPiece data = source->Peek();
103 //     ... do something with "data" ...
104 //     source->Skip(data.length());
105 //   }
106 //
107 class PROTOBUF_EXPORT ByteSource {
108  public:
ByteSource()109   ByteSource() {}
~ByteSource()110   virtual ~ByteSource() {}
111 
112   // Returns the number of bytes left to read from the source. Available()
113   // should decrease by N each time Skip(N) is called. Available() may not
114   // increase. Available() returning 0 indicates that the ByteSource is
115   // exhausted.
116   //
117   // Note: Size() may have been a more appropriate name as it's more
118   //       indicative of the fixed-size nature of a ByteSource.
119   virtual size_t Available() const = 0;
120 
121   // Returns a StringPiece of the next contiguous region of the source. Does not
122   // reposition the source. The returned region is empty iff Available() == 0.
123   //
124   // The returned region is valid until the next call to Skip() or until this
125   // object is destroyed, whichever occurs first.
126   //
127   // The length of the returned StringPiece will be <= Available().
128   virtual StringPiece Peek() = 0;
129 
130   // Skips the next n bytes. Invalidates any StringPiece returned by a previous
131   // call to Peek().
132   //
133   // REQUIRES: Available() >= n
134   virtual void Skip(size_t n) = 0;
135 
136   // Writes the next n bytes in this ByteSource to the given ByteSink, and
137   // advances this ByteSource past the copied bytes. The default implementation
138   // of this method just copies the bytes normally, but subclasses might
139   // override CopyTo to optimize certain cases.
140   //
141   // REQUIRES: Available() >= n
142   virtual void CopyTo(ByteSink* sink, size_t n);
143 
144  private:
145   GOOGLE_DISALLOW_EVIL_CONSTRUCTORS(ByteSource);
146 };
147 
148 //
149 // Some commonly used implementations of ByteSink
150 //
151 
152 // Implementation of ByteSink that writes to an unsized byte array. No
153 // bounds-checking is performed--it is the caller's responsibility to ensure
154 // that the destination array is large enough.
155 //
156 // Example:
157 //
158 //   char buf[10];
159 //   UncheckedArrayByteSink sink(buf);
160 //   sink.Append("hi", 2);    // OK
161 //   sink.Append(data, 100);  // WOOPS! Overflows buf[10].
162 //
163 class PROTOBUF_EXPORT UncheckedArrayByteSink : public ByteSink {
164  public:
UncheckedArrayByteSink(char * dest)165   explicit UncheckedArrayByteSink(char* dest) : dest_(dest) {}
166   virtual void Append(const char* data, size_t n) override;
167 
168   // Returns the current output pointer so that a caller can see how many bytes
169   // were produced.
170   //
171   // Note: this method is not part of the ByteSink interface.
CurrentDestination()172   char* CurrentDestination() const { return dest_; }
173 
174  private:
175   char* dest_;
176   GOOGLE_DISALLOW_EVIL_CONSTRUCTORS(UncheckedArrayByteSink);
177 };
178 
179 // Implementation of ByteSink that writes to a sized byte array. This sink will
180 // not write more than "capacity" bytes to outbuf. Once "capacity" bytes are
181 // appended, subsequent bytes will be ignored and Overflowed() will return true.
182 // Overflowed() does not cause a runtime error (i.e., it does not CHECK fail).
183 //
184 // Example:
185 //
186 //   char buf[10];
187 //   CheckedArrayByteSink sink(buf, 10);
188 //   sink.Append("hi", 2);    // OK
189 //   sink.Append(data, 100);  // Will only write 8 more bytes
190 //
191 class PROTOBUF_EXPORT CheckedArrayByteSink : public ByteSink {
192  public:
193   CheckedArrayByteSink(char* outbuf, size_t capacity);
194   virtual void Append(const char* bytes, size_t n) override;
195 
196   // Returns the number of bytes actually written to the sink.
NumberOfBytesWritten()197   size_t NumberOfBytesWritten() const { return size_; }
198 
199   // Returns true if any bytes were discarded, i.e., if there was an
200   // attempt to write more than 'capacity' bytes.
Overflowed()201   bool Overflowed() const { return overflowed_; }
202 
203  private:
204   char* outbuf_;
205   const size_t capacity_;
206   size_t size_;
207   bool overflowed_;
208   GOOGLE_DISALLOW_EVIL_CONSTRUCTORS(CheckedArrayByteSink);
209 };
210 
211 // Implementation of ByteSink that allocates an internal buffer (a char array)
212 // and expands it as needed to accommodate appended data (similar to a string),
213 // and allows the caller to take ownership of the internal buffer via the
214 // GetBuffer() method. The buffer returned from GetBuffer() must be deleted by
215 // the caller with delete[]. GetBuffer() also sets the internal buffer to be
216 // empty, and subsequent appends to the sink will create a new buffer. The
217 // destructor will free the internal buffer if GetBuffer() was not called.
218 //
219 // Example:
220 //
221 //   GrowingArrayByteSink sink(10);
222 //   sink.Append("hi", 2);
223 //   sink.Append(data, n);
224 //   const char* buf = sink.GetBuffer();  // Ownership transferred
225 //   delete[] buf;
226 //
227 class PROTOBUF_EXPORT GrowingArrayByteSink : public strings::ByteSink {
228  public:
229   explicit GrowingArrayByteSink(size_t estimated_size);
230   virtual ~GrowingArrayByteSink();
231   virtual void Append(const char* bytes, size_t n) override;
232 
233   // Returns the allocated buffer, and sets nbytes to its size. The caller takes
234   // ownership of the buffer and must delete it with delete[].
235   char* GetBuffer(size_t* nbytes);
236 
237  private:
238   void Expand(size_t amount);
239   void ShrinkToFit();
240 
241   size_t capacity_;
242   char* buf_;
243   size_t size_;
244   GOOGLE_DISALLOW_EVIL_CONSTRUCTORS(GrowingArrayByteSink);
245 };
246 
247 // Implementation of ByteSink that appends to the given string.
248 // Existing contents of "dest" are not modified; new data is appended.
249 //
250 // Example:
251 //
252 //   string dest = "Hello ";
253 //   StringByteSink sink(&dest);
254 //   sink.Append("World", 5);
255 //   assert(dest == "Hello World");
256 //
257 class PROTOBUF_EXPORT StringByteSink : public ByteSink {
258  public:
StringByteSink(string * dest)259   explicit StringByteSink(string* dest) : dest_(dest) {}
260   virtual void Append(const char* data, size_t n) override;
261 
262  private:
263   string* dest_;
264   GOOGLE_DISALLOW_EVIL_CONSTRUCTORS(StringByteSink);
265 };
266 
267 // Implementation of ByteSink that discards all data.
268 //
269 // Example:
270 //
271 //   NullByteSink sink;
272 //   sink.Append(data, data.size());  // All data ignored.
273 //
274 class PROTOBUF_EXPORT NullByteSink : public ByteSink {
275  public:
NullByteSink()276   NullByteSink() {}
Append(const char * data,size_t n)277   virtual void Append(const char *data, size_t n) override {}
278 
279  private:
280   GOOGLE_DISALLOW_EVIL_CONSTRUCTORS(NullByteSink);
281 };
282 
283 //
284 // Some commonly used implementations of ByteSource
285 //
286 
287 // Implementation of ByteSource that reads from a StringPiece.
288 //
289 // Example:
290 //
291 //   string data = "Hello";
292 //   ArrayByteSource source(data);
293 //   assert(source.Available() == 5);
294 //   assert(source.Peek() == "Hello");
295 //
296 class PROTOBUF_EXPORT ArrayByteSource : public ByteSource {
297  public:
ArrayByteSource(StringPiece s)298   explicit ArrayByteSource(StringPiece s) : input_(s) {}
299 
300   virtual size_t Available() const override;
301   virtual StringPiece Peek() override;
302   virtual void Skip(size_t n) override;
303 
304  private:
305   StringPiece   input_;
306   GOOGLE_DISALLOW_EVIL_CONSTRUCTORS(ArrayByteSource);
307 };
308 
309 // Implementation of ByteSource that wraps another ByteSource, limiting the
310 // number of bytes returned.
311 //
312 // The caller maintains ownership of the underlying source, and may not use the
313 // underlying source while using the LimitByteSource object.  The underlying
314 // source's pointer is advanced by n bytes every time this LimitByteSource
315 // object is advanced by n.
316 //
317 // Example:
318 //
319 //   string data = "Hello World";
320 //   ArrayByteSource abs(data);
321 //   assert(abs.Available() == data.size());
322 //
323 //   LimitByteSource limit(abs, 5);
324 //   assert(limit.Available() == 5);
325 //   assert(limit.Peek() == "Hello");
326 //
327 class PROTOBUF_EXPORT LimitByteSource : public ByteSource {
328  public:
329   // Returns at most "limit" bytes from "source".
330   LimitByteSource(ByteSource* source, size_t limit);
331 
332   virtual size_t Available() const override;
333   virtual StringPiece Peek() override;
334   virtual void Skip(size_t n) override;
335 
336   // We override CopyTo so that we can forward to the underlying source, in
337   // case it has an efficient implementation of CopyTo.
338   virtual void CopyTo(ByteSink* sink, size_t n) override;
339 
340  private:
341   ByteSource* source_;
342   size_t limit_;
343 };
344 
345 }  // namespace strings
346 }  // namespace protobuf
347 }  // namespace google
348 
349 #include <google/protobuf/port_undef.inc>
350 
351 #endif  // GOOGLE_PROTOBUF_STUBS_BYTESTREAM_H_
352