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1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 2000-2007 Niels Provos <provos@citi.umich.edu>
3  * Copyright (c) 2007-2012 Niels Provos and Nick Mathewson
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
14  *    derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
15  *
16  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
17  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
18  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
19  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
20  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
21  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
22  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
23  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
24  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
25  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
26  */
27 #ifndef EVBUFFER_INTERNAL_H_INCLUDED_
28 #define EVBUFFER_INTERNAL_H_INCLUDED_
29 
30 #ifdef __cplusplus
31 extern "C" {
32 #endif
33 
34 #include "event2/event-config.h"
35 #include "evconfig-private.h"
36 #include "event2/util.h"
37 #include "event2/event_struct.h"
38 #include "util-internal.h"
39 #include "defer-internal.h"
40 
41 /* Experimental cb flag: "never deferred."  Implementation note:
42  * these callbacks may get an inaccurate view of n_del/n_added in their
43  * arguments. */
44 #define EVBUFFER_CB_NODEFER 2
45 
46 #ifdef _WIN32
47 #include <winsock2.h>
48 #endif
49 #include <sys/queue.h>
50 
51 /* Minimum allocation for a chain.  We define this so that we're burning no
52  * more than 5% of each allocation on overhead.  It would be nice to lose even
53  * less space, though. */
54 #if EVENT__SIZEOF_VOID_P < 8
55 #define MIN_BUFFER_SIZE	512
56 #else
57 #define MIN_BUFFER_SIZE	1024
58 #endif
59 
60 /** A single evbuffer callback for an evbuffer. This function will be invoked
61  * when bytes are added to or removed from the evbuffer. */
62 struct evbuffer_cb_entry {
63 	/** Structures to implement a doubly-linked queue of callbacks */
64 	LIST_ENTRY(evbuffer_cb_entry) next;
65 	/** The callback function to invoke when this callback is called.
66 	    If EVBUFFER_CB_OBSOLETE is set in flags, the cb_obsolete field is
67 	    valid; otherwise, cb_func is valid. */
68 	union {
69 		evbuffer_cb_func cb_func;
70 		evbuffer_cb cb_obsolete;
71 	} cb;
72 	/** Argument to pass to cb. */
73 	void *cbarg;
74 	/** Currently set flags on this callback. */
75 	ev_uint32_t flags;
76 };
77 
78 struct bufferevent;
79 struct evbuffer_chain;
80 struct evbuffer {
81 	/** The first chain in this buffer's linked list of chains. */
82 	struct evbuffer_chain *first;
83 	/** The last chain in this buffer's linked list of chains. */
84 	struct evbuffer_chain *last;
85 
86 	/** Pointer to the next pointer pointing at the 'last_with_data' chain.
87 	 *
88 	 * To unpack:
89 	 *
90 	 * The last_with_data chain is the last chain that has any data in it.
91 	 * If all chains in the buffer are empty, it is the first chain.
92 	 * If the buffer has no chains, it is NULL.
93 	 *
94 	 * The last_with_datap pointer points at _whatever 'next' pointer_
95 	 * pointing at the last_with_data chain. If the last_with_data chain
96 	 * is the first chain, or it is NULL, then the last_with_datap pointer
97 	 * is &buf->first.
98 	 */
99 	struct evbuffer_chain **last_with_datap;
100 
101 	/** Total amount of bytes stored in all chains.*/
102 	size_t total_len;
103 
104 	/** Number of bytes we have added to the buffer since we last tried to
105 	 * invoke callbacks. */
106 	size_t n_add_for_cb;
107 	/** Number of bytes we have removed from the buffer since we last
108 	 * tried to invoke callbacks. */
109 	size_t n_del_for_cb;
110 
111 #ifndef EVENT__DISABLE_THREAD_SUPPORT
112 	/** A lock used to mediate access to this buffer. */
113 	void *lock;
114 #endif
115 	/** True iff we should free the lock field when we free this
116 	 * evbuffer. */
117 	unsigned own_lock : 1;
118 	/** True iff we should not allow changes to the front of the buffer
119 	 * (drains or prepends). */
120 	unsigned freeze_start : 1;
121 	/** True iff we should not allow changes to the end of the buffer
122 	 * (appends) */
123 	unsigned freeze_end : 1;
124 	/** True iff this evbuffer's callbacks are not invoked immediately
125 	 * upon a change in the buffer, but instead are deferred to be invoked
126 	 * from the event_base's loop.	Useful for preventing enormous stack
127 	 * overflows when we have mutually recursive callbacks, and for
128 	 * serializing callbacks in a single thread. */
129 	unsigned deferred_cbs : 1;
130 #ifdef _WIN32
131 	/** True iff this buffer is set up for overlapped IO. */
132 	unsigned is_overlapped : 1;
133 #endif
134 	/** Zero or more EVBUFFER_FLAG_* bits */
135 	ev_uint32_t flags;
136 
137 	/** Used to implement deferred callbacks. */
138 	struct event_base *cb_queue;
139 
140 	/** A reference count on this evbuffer.	 When the reference count
141 	 * reaches 0, the buffer is destroyed.	Manipulated with
142 	 * evbuffer_incref and evbuffer_decref_and_unlock and
143 	 * evbuffer_free. */
144 	int refcnt;
145 
146 	/** A struct event_callback handle to make all of this buffer's callbacks
147 	 * invoked from the event loop. */
148 	struct event_callback deferred;
149 
150 	/** A doubly-linked-list of callback functions */
151 	LIST_HEAD(evbuffer_cb_queue, evbuffer_cb_entry) callbacks;
152 
153 	/** The parent bufferevent object this evbuffer belongs to.
154 	 * NULL if the evbuffer stands alone. */
155 	struct bufferevent *parent;
156 };
157 
158 #if EVENT__SIZEOF_OFF_T < EVENT__SIZEOF_SIZE_T
159 typedef ev_ssize_t ev_misalign_t;
160 #define EVBUFFER_CHAIN_MAX ((size_t)EV_SSIZE_MAX)
161 #else
162 typedef ev_off_t ev_misalign_t;
163 #if EVENT__SIZEOF_OFF_T > EVENT__SIZEOF_SIZE_T
164 #define EVBUFFER_CHAIN_MAX EV_SIZE_MAX
165 #else
166 #define EVBUFFER_CHAIN_MAX ((size_t)EV_SSIZE_MAX)
167 #endif
168 #endif
169 
170 /** A single item in an evbuffer. */
171 struct evbuffer_chain {
172 	/** points to next buffer in the chain */
173 	struct evbuffer_chain *next;
174 
175 	/** total allocation available in the buffer field. */
176 	size_t buffer_len;
177 
178 	/** unused space at the beginning of buffer or an offset into a
179 	 * file for sendfile buffers. */
180 	ev_misalign_t misalign;
181 
182 	/** Offset into buffer + misalign at which to start writing.
183 	 * In other words, the total number of bytes actually stored
184 	 * in buffer. */
185 	size_t off;
186 
187 	/** Set if special handling is required for this chain */
188 	unsigned flags;
189 #define EVBUFFER_FILESEGMENT	0x0001  /**< A chain used for a file segment */
190 #define EVBUFFER_SENDFILE	0x0002	/**< a chain used with sendfile */
191 #define EVBUFFER_REFERENCE	0x0004	/**< a chain with a mem reference */
192 #define EVBUFFER_IMMUTABLE	0x0008	/**< read-only chain */
193 	/** a chain that mustn't be reallocated or freed, or have its contents
194 	 * memmoved, until the chain is un-pinned. */
195 #define EVBUFFER_MEM_PINNED_R	0x0010
196 #define EVBUFFER_MEM_PINNED_W	0x0020
197 #define EVBUFFER_MEM_PINNED_ANY (EVBUFFER_MEM_PINNED_R|EVBUFFER_MEM_PINNED_W)
198 	/** a chain that should be freed, but can't be freed until it is
199 	 * un-pinned. */
200 #define EVBUFFER_DANGLING	0x0040
201 	/** a chain that is a referenced copy of another chain */
202 #define EVBUFFER_MULTICAST	0x0080
203 
204 	/** number of references to this chain */
205 	int refcnt;
206 
207 	/** Usually points to the read-write memory belonging to this
208 	 * buffer allocated as part of the evbuffer_chain allocation.
209 	 * For mmap, this can be a read-only buffer and
210 	 * EVBUFFER_IMMUTABLE will be set in flags.  For sendfile, it
211 	 * may point to NULL.
212 	 */
213 	unsigned char *buffer;
214 };
215 
216 /** callback for a reference chain; lets us know what to do with it when
217  * we're done with it. Lives at the end of an evbuffer_chain with the
218  * EVBUFFER_REFERENCE flag set */
219 struct evbuffer_chain_reference {
220 	evbuffer_ref_cleanup_cb cleanupfn;
221 	void *extra;
222 };
223 
224 /** File segment for a file-segment chain.  Lives at the end of an
225  * evbuffer_chain with the EVBUFFER_FILESEGMENT flag set.  */
226 struct evbuffer_chain_file_segment {
227 	struct evbuffer_file_segment *segment;
228 #ifdef _WIN32
229 	/** If we're using CreateFileMapping, this is the handle to the view. */
230 	HANDLE view_handle;
231 #endif
232 };
233 
234 /* Declared in event2/buffer.h; defined here. */
235 struct evbuffer_file_segment {
236 	void *lock; /**< lock prevent concurrent access to refcnt */
237 	int refcnt; /**< Reference count for this file segment */
238 	unsigned flags; /**< combination of EVBUF_FS_* flags  */
239 
240 	/** What kind of file segment is this? */
241 	unsigned can_sendfile : 1;
242 	unsigned is_mapping : 1;
243 
244 	/** The fd that we read the data from. */
245 	int fd;
246 	/** If we're using mmap, this is the raw mapped memory. */
247 	void *mapping;
248 #ifdef _WIN32
249 	/** If we're using CreateFileMapping, this is the mapping */
250 	HANDLE mapping_handle;
251 #endif
252 	/** If we're using mmap or IO, this is the content of the file
253 	 * segment. */
254 	char *contents;
255 	/** Position of this segment within the file. */
256 	ev_off_t file_offset;
257 	/** If we're using mmap, this is the offset within 'mapping' where
258 	 * this data segment begins. */
259 	ev_off_t mmap_offset;
260 	/** The length of this segment. */
261 	ev_off_t length;
262 	/** Cleanup callback function */
263 	evbuffer_file_segment_cleanup_cb cleanup_cb;
264 	/** Argument to be pass to cleanup callback function */
265 	void *cleanup_cb_arg;
266 };
267 
268 /** Information about the multicast parent of a chain.  Lives at the
269  * end of an evbuffer_chain with the EVBUFFER_MULTICAST flag set.  */
270 struct evbuffer_multicast_parent {
271 	/** source buffer the multicast parent belongs to */
272 	struct evbuffer *source;
273 	/** multicast parent for this chain */
274 	struct evbuffer_chain *parent;
275 };
276 
277 #define EVBUFFER_CHAIN_SIZE sizeof(struct evbuffer_chain)
278 /** Return a pointer to extra data allocated along with an evbuffer. */
279 #define EVBUFFER_CHAIN_EXTRA(t, c) (t *)((struct evbuffer_chain *)(c) + 1)
280 
281 /** Assert that we are holding the lock on an evbuffer */
282 #define ASSERT_EVBUFFER_LOCKED(buffer)			\
283 	EVLOCK_ASSERT_LOCKED((buffer)->lock)
284 
285 #define EVBUFFER_LOCK(buffer)						\
286 	do {								\
287 		EVLOCK_LOCK((buffer)->lock, 0);				\
288 	} while (0)
289 #define EVBUFFER_UNLOCK(buffer)						\
290 	do {								\
291 		EVLOCK_UNLOCK((buffer)->lock, 0);			\
292 	} while (0)
293 #define EVBUFFER_LOCK2(buffer1, buffer2)				\
294 	do {								\
295 		EVLOCK_LOCK2((buffer1)->lock, (buffer2)->lock, 0, 0);	\
296 	} while (0)
297 #define EVBUFFER_UNLOCK2(buffer1, buffer2)				\
298 	do {								\
299 		EVLOCK_UNLOCK2((buffer1)->lock, (buffer2)->lock, 0, 0);	\
300 	} while (0)
301 
302 /** Increase the reference count of buf by one. */
303 void evbuffer_incref_(struct evbuffer *buf);
304 /** Increase the reference count of buf by one and acquire the lock. */
305 void evbuffer_incref_and_lock_(struct evbuffer *buf);
306 /** Pin a single buffer chain using a given flag. A pinned chunk may not be
307  * moved or freed until it is unpinned. */
308 void evbuffer_chain_pin_(struct evbuffer_chain *chain, unsigned flag);
309 /** Unpin a single buffer chain using a given flag. */
310 void evbuffer_chain_unpin_(struct evbuffer_chain *chain, unsigned flag);
311 /** As evbuffer_free, but requires that we hold a lock on the buffer, and
312  * releases the lock before freeing it and the buffer. */
313 void evbuffer_decref_and_unlock_(struct evbuffer *buffer);
314 
315 /** As evbuffer_expand, but does not guarantee that the newly allocated memory
316  * is contiguous.  Instead, it may be split across two or more chunks. */
317 int evbuffer_expand_fast_(struct evbuffer *, size_t, int);
318 
319 /** Helper: prepares for a readv/WSARecv call by expanding the buffer to
320  * hold enough memory to read 'howmuch' bytes in possibly noncontiguous memory.
321  * Sets up the one or two iovecs in 'vecs' to point to the free memory and its
322  * extent, and *chainp to point to the first chain that we'll try to read into.
323  * Returns the number of vecs used.
324  */
325 int evbuffer_read_setup_vecs_(struct evbuffer *buf, ev_ssize_t howmuch,
326     struct evbuffer_iovec *vecs, int n_vecs, struct evbuffer_chain ***chainp,
327     int exact);
328 
329 /* Helper macro: copies an evbuffer_iovec in ei to a win32 WSABUF in i. */
330 #define WSABUF_FROM_EVBUFFER_IOV(i,ei) do {		\
331 		(i)->buf = (ei)->iov_base;		\
332 		(i)->len = (unsigned long)(ei)->iov_len;	\
333 	} while (0)
334 /* XXXX the cast above is safe for now, but not if we allow mmaps on win64.
335  * See note in buffer_iocp's launch_write function */
336 
337 /** Set the parent bufferevent object for buf to bev */
338 void evbuffer_set_parent_(struct evbuffer *buf, struct bufferevent *bev);
339 
340 void evbuffer_invoke_callbacks_(struct evbuffer *buf);
341 
342 
343 int evbuffer_get_callbacks_(struct evbuffer *buffer,
344     struct event_callback **cbs,
345     int max_cbs);
346 
347 #ifdef __cplusplus
348 }
349 #endif
350 
351 #endif /* EVBUFFER_INTERNAL_H_INCLUDED_ */
352