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1 /* Copyright 2015 Google Inc. All Rights Reserved.
2 
3    Distributed under MIT license.
4    See file LICENSE for detail or copy at https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT
5 */
6 
7 /* Function for fast encoding of an input fragment, independently from the input
8    history. This function uses two-pass processing: in the first pass we save
9    the found backward matches and literal bytes into a buffer, and in the
10    second pass we emit them into the bit stream using prefix codes built based
11    on the actual command and literal byte histograms. */
12 
13 #include "./compress_fragment_two_pass.h"
14 
15 #include <string.h>  /* memcmp, memcpy, memset */
16 
17 #include "../common/constants.h"
18 #include "../common/platform.h"
19 #include <brotli/types.h>
20 #include "./bit_cost.h"
21 #include "./brotli_bit_stream.h"
22 #include "./entropy_encode.h"
23 #include "./fast_log.h"
24 #include "./find_match_length.h"
25 #include "./memory.h"
26 #include "./write_bits.h"
27 
28 #if defined(__cplusplus) || defined(c_plusplus)
29 extern "C" {
30 #endif
31 
32 #define MAX_DISTANCE (long)BROTLI_MAX_BACKWARD_LIMIT(18)
33 
34 /* kHashMul32 multiplier has these properties:
35    * The multiplier must be odd. Otherwise we may lose the highest bit.
36    * No long streaks of ones or zeros.
37    * There is no effort to ensure that it is a prime, the oddity is enough
38      for this use.
39    * The number has been tuned heuristically against compression benchmarks. */
40 static const uint32_t kHashMul32 = 0x1E35A7BD;
41 
Hash(const uint8_t * p,size_t shift,size_t length)42 static BROTLI_INLINE uint32_t Hash(const uint8_t* p,
43     size_t shift, size_t length) {
44   const uint64_t h =
45       (BROTLI_UNALIGNED_LOAD64LE(p) << ((8 - length) * 8)) * kHashMul32;
46   return (uint32_t)(h >> shift);
47 }
48 
HashBytesAtOffset(uint64_t v,size_t offset,size_t shift,size_t length)49 static BROTLI_INLINE uint32_t HashBytesAtOffset(uint64_t v, size_t offset,
50     size_t shift, size_t length) {
51   BROTLI_DCHECK(offset <= 8 - length);
52   {
53     const uint64_t h = ((v >> (8 * offset)) << ((8 - length) * 8)) * kHashMul32;
54     return (uint32_t)(h >> shift);
55   }
56 }
57 
IsMatch(const uint8_t * p1,const uint8_t * p2,size_t length)58 static BROTLI_INLINE BROTLI_BOOL IsMatch(const uint8_t* p1, const uint8_t* p2,
59     size_t length) {
60   if (BrotliUnalignedRead32(p1) == BrotliUnalignedRead32(p2)) {
61     if (length == 4) return BROTLI_TRUE;
62     return TO_BROTLI_BOOL(p1[4] == p2[4] && p1[5] == p2[5]);
63   }
64   return BROTLI_FALSE;
65 }
66 
67 /* Builds a command and distance prefix code (each 64 symbols) into "depth" and
68    "bits" based on "histogram" and stores it into the bit stream. */
BuildAndStoreCommandPrefixCode(const uint32_t histogram[128],uint8_t depth[128],uint16_t bits[128],size_t * storage_ix,uint8_t * storage)69 static void BuildAndStoreCommandPrefixCode(
70     const uint32_t histogram[128],
71     uint8_t depth[128], uint16_t bits[128],
72     size_t* storage_ix, uint8_t* storage) {
73   /* Tree size for building a tree over 64 symbols is 2 * 64 + 1. */
74   HuffmanTree tree[129];
75   uint8_t cmd_depth[BROTLI_NUM_COMMAND_SYMBOLS] = { 0 };
76   uint16_t cmd_bits[64];
77   BrotliCreateHuffmanTree(histogram, 64, 15, tree, depth);
78   BrotliCreateHuffmanTree(&histogram[64], 64, 14, tree, &depth[64]);
79   /* We have to jump through a few hoops here in order to compute
80      the command bits because the symbols are in a different order than in
81      the full alphabet. This looks complicated, but having the symbols
82      in this order in the command bits saves a few branches in the Emit*
83      functions. */
84   memcpy(cmd_depth, depth + 24, 24);
85   memcpy(cmd_depth + 24, depth, 8);
86   memcpy(cmd_depth + 32, depth + 48, 8);
87   memcpy(cmd_depth + 40, depth + 8, 8);
88   memcpy(cmd_depth + 48, depth + 56, 8);
89   memcpy(cmd_depth + 56, depth + 16, 8);
90   BrotliConvertBitDepthsToSymbols(cmd_depth, 64, cmd_bits);
91   memcpy(bits, cmd_bits + 24, 16);
92   memcpy(bits + 8, cmd_bits + 40, 16);
93   memcpy(bits + 16, cmd_bits + 56, 16);
94   memcpy(bits + 24, cmd_bits, 48);
95   memcpy(bits + 48, cmd_bits + 32, 16);
96   memcpy(bits + 56, cmd_bits + 48, 16);
97   BrotliConvertBitDepthsToSymbols(&depth[64], 64, &bits[64]);
98   {
99     /* Create the bit length array for the full command alphabet. */
100     size_t i;
101     memset(cmd_depth, 0, 64);  /* only 64 first values were used */
102     memcpy(cmd_depth, depth + 24, 8);
103     memcpy(cmd_depth + 64, depth + 32, 8);
104     memcpy(cmd_depth + 128, depth + 40, 8);
105     memcpy(cmd_depth + 192, depth + 48, 8);
106     memcpy(cmd_depth + 384, depth + 56, 8);
107     for (i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
108       cmd_depth[128 + 8 * i] = depth[i];
109       cmd_depth[256 + 8 * i] = depth[8 + i];
110       cmd_depth[448 + 8 * i] = depth[16 + i];
111     }
112     BrotliStoreHuffmanTree(
113         cmd_depth, BROTLI_NUM_COMMAND_SYMBOLS, tree, storage_ix, storage);
114   }
115   BrotliStoreHuffmanTree(&depth[64], 64, tree, storage_ix, storage);
116 }
117 
EmitInsertLen(uint32_t insertlen,uint32_t ** commands)118 static BROTLI_INLINE void EmitInsertLen(
119     uint32_t insertlen, uint32_t** commands) {
120   if (insertlen < 6) {
121     **commands = insertlen;
122   } else if (insertlen < 130) {
123     const uint32_t tail = insertlen - 2;
124     const uint32_t nbits = Log2FloorNonZero(tail) - 1u;
125     const uint32_t prefix = tail >> nbits;
126     const uint32_t inscode = (nbits << 1) + prefix + 2;
127     const uint32_t extra = tail - (prefix << nbits);
128     **commands = inscode | (extra << 8);
129   } else if (insertlen < 2114) {
130     const uint32_t tail = insertlen - 66;
131     const uint32_t nbits = Log2FloorNonZero(tail);
132     const uint32_t code = nbits + 10;
133     const uint32_t extra = tail - (1u << nbits);
134     **commands = code | (extra << 8);
135   } else if (insertlen < 6210) {
136     const uint32_t extra = insertlen - 2114;
137     **commands = 21 | (extra << 8);
138   } else if (insertlen < 22594) {
139     const uint32_t extra = insertlen - 6210;
140     **commands = 22 | (extra << 8);
141   } else {
142     const uint32_t extra = insertlen - 22594;
143     **commands = 23 | (extra << 8);
144   }
145   ++(*commands);
146 }
147 
EmitCopyLen(size_t copylen,uint32_t ** commands)148 static BROTLI_INLINE void EmitCopyLen(size_t copylen, uint32_t** commands) {
149   if (copylen < 10) {
150     **commands = (uint32_t)(copylen + 38);
151   } else if (copylen < 134) {
152     const size_t tail = copylen - 6;
153     const size_t nbits = Log2FloorNonZero(tail) - 1;
154     const size_t prefix = tail >> nbits;
155     const size_t code = (nbits << 1) + prefix + 44;
156     const size_t extra = tail - (prefix << nbits);
157     **commands = (uint32_t)(code | (extra << 8));
158   } else if (copylen < 2118) {
159     const size_t tail = copylen - 70;
160     const size_t nbits = Log2FloorNonZero(tail);
161     const size_t code = nbits + 52;
162     const size_t extra = tail - ((size_t)1 << nbits);
163     **commands = (uint32_t)(code | (extra << 8));
164   } else {
165     const size_t extra = copylen - 2118;
166     **commands = (uint32_t)(63 | (extra << 8));
167   }
168   ++(*commands);
169 }
170 
EmitCopyLenLastDistance(size_t copylen,uint32_t ** commands)171 static BROTLI_INLINE void EmitCopyLenLastDistance(
172     size_t copylen, uint32_t** commands) {
173   if (copylen < 12) {
174     **commands = (uint32_t)(copylen + 20);
175     ++(*commands);
176   } else if (copylen < 72) {
177     const size_t tail = copylen - 8;
178     const size_t nbits = Log2FloorNonZero(tail) - 1;
179     const size_t prefix = tail >> nbits;
180     const size_t code = (nbits << 1) + prefix + 28;
181     const size_t extra = tail - (prefix << nbits);
182     **commands = (uint32_t)(code | (extra << 8));
183     ++(*commands);
184   } else if (copylen < 136) {
185     const size_t tail = copylen - 8;
186     const size_t code = (tail >> 5) + 54;
187     const size_t extra = tail & 31;
188     **commands = (uint32_t)(code | (extra << 8));
189     ++(*commands);
190     **commands = 64;
191     ++(*commands);
192   } else if (copylen < 2120) {
193     const size_t tail = copylen - 72;
194     const size_t nbits = Log2FloorNonZero(tail);
195     const size_t code = nbits + 52;
196     const size_t extra = tail - ((size_t)1 << nbits);
197     **commands = (uint32_t)(code | (extra << 8));
198     ++(*commands);
199     **commands = 64;
200     ++(*commands);
201   } else {
202     const size_t extra = copylen - 2120;
203     **commands = (uint32_t)(63 | (extra << 8));
204     ++(*commands);
205     **commands = 64;
206     ++(*commands);
207   }
208 }
209 
EmitDistance(uint32_t distance,uint32_t ** commands)210 static BROTLI_INLINE void EmitDistance(uint32_t distance, uint32_t** commands) {
211   uint32_t d = distance + 3;
212   uint32_t nbits = Log2FloorNonZero(d) - 1;
213   const uint32_t prefix = (d >> nbits) & 1;
214   const uint32_t offset = (2 + prefix) << nbits;
215   const uint32_t distcode = 2 * (nbits - 1) + prefix + 80;
216   uint32_t extra = d - offset;
217   **commands = distcode | (extra << 8);
218   ++(*commands);
219 }
220 
221 /* REQUIRES: len <= 1 << 24. */
BrotliStoreMetaBlockHeader(size_t len,BROTLI_BOOL is_uncompressed,size_t * storage_ix,uint8_t * storage)222 static void BrotliStoreMetaBlockHeader(
223     size_t len, BROTLI_BOOL is_uncompressed, size_t* storage_ix,
224     uint8_t* storage) {
225   size_t nibbles = 6;
226   /* ISLAST */
227   BrotliWriteBits(1, 0, storage_ix, storage);
228   if (len <= (1U << 16)) {
229     nibbles = 4;
230   } else if (len <= (1U << 20)) {
231     nibbles = 5;
232   }
233   BrotliWriteBits(2, nibbles - 4, storage_ix, storage);
234   BrotliWriteBits(nibbles * 4, len - 1, storage_ix, storage);
235   /* ISUNCOMPRESSED */
236   BrotliWriteBits(1, (uint64_t)is_uncompressed, storage_ix, storage);
237 }
238 
CreateCommands(const uint8_t * input,size_t block_size,size_t input_size,const uint8_t * base_ip,int * table,size_t table_bits,size_t min_match,uint8_t ** literals,uint32_t ** commands)239 static BROTLI_INLINE void CreateCommands(const uint8_t* input,
240     size_t block_size, size_t input_size, const uint8_t* base_ip, int* table,
241     size_t table_bits, size_t min_match,
242     uint8_t** literals, uint32_t** commands) {
243   /* "ip" is the input pointer. */
244   const uint8_t* ip = input;
245   const size_t shift = 64u - table_bits;
246   const uint8_t* ip_end = input + block_size;
247   /* "next_emit" is a pointer to the first byte that is not covered by a
248      previous copy. Bytes between "next_emit" and the start of the next copy or
249      the end of the input will be emitted as literal bytes. */
250   const uint8_t* next_emit = input;
251 
252   int last_distance = -1;
253   const size_t kInputMarginBytes = BROTLI_WINDOW_GAP;
254 
255   if (BROTLI_PREDICT_TRUE(block_size >= kInputMarginBytes)) {
256     /* For the last block, we need to keep a 16 bytes margin so that we can be
257        sure that all distances are at most window size - 16.
258        For all other blocks, we only need to keep a margin of 5 bytes so that
259        we don't go over the block size with a copy. */
260     const size_t len_limit = BROTLI_MIN(size_t, block_size - min_match,
261                                         input_size - kInputMarginBytes);
262     const uint8_t* ip_limit = input + len_limit;
263 
264     uint32_t next_hash;
265     for (next_hash = Hash(++ip, shift, min_match); ; ) {
266       /* Step 1: Scan forward in the input looking for a 6-byte-long match.
267          If we get close to exhausting the input then goto emit_remainder.
268 
269          Heuristic match skipping: If 32 bytes are scanned with no matches
270          found, start looking only at every other byte. If 32 more bytes are
271          scanned, look at every third byte, etc.. When a match is found,
272          immediately go back to looking at every byte. This is a small loss
273          (~5% performance, ~0.1% density) for compressible data due to more
274          bookkeeping, but for non-compressible data (such as JPEG) it's a huge
275          win since the compressor quickly "realizes" the data is incompressible
276          and doesn't bother looking for matches everywhere.
277 
278          The "skip" variable keeps track of how many bytes there are since the
279          last match; dividing it by 32 (ie. right-shifting by five) gives the
280          number of bytes to move ahead for each iteration. */
281       uint32_t skip = 32;
282 
283       const uint8_t* next_ip = ip;
284       const uint8_t* candidate;
285 
286       BROTLI_DCHECK(next_emit < ip);
287 trawl:
288       do {
289         uint32_t hash = next_hash;
290         uint32_t bytes_between_hash_lookups = skip++ >> 5;
291         ip = next_ip;
292         BROTLI_DCHECK(hash == Hash(ip, shift, min_match));
293         next_ip = ip + bytes_between_hash_lookups;
294         if (BROTLI_PREDICT_FALSE(next_ip > ip_limit)) {
295           goto emit_remainder;
296         }
297         next_hash = Hash(next_ip, shift, min_match);
298         candidate = ip - last_distance;
299         if (IsMatch(ip, candidate, min_match)) {
300           if (BROTLI_PREDICT_TRUE(candidate < ip)) {
301             table[hash] = (int)(ip - base_ip);
302             break;
303           }
304         }
305         candidate = base_ip + table[hash];
306         BROTLI_DCHECK(candidate >= base_ip);
307         BROTLI_DCHECK(candidate < ip);
308 
309         table[hash] = (int)(ip - base_ip);
310       } while (BROTLI_PREDICT_TRUE(!IsMatch(ip, candidate, min_match)));
311 
312       /* Check copy distance. If candidate is not feasible, continue search.
313          Checking is done outside of hot loop to reduce overhead. */
314       if (ip - candidate > MAX_DISTANCE) goto trawl;
315 
316       /* Step 2: Emit the found match together with the literal bytes from
317          "next_emit", and then see if we can find a next match immediately
318          afterwards. Repeat until we find no match for the input
319          without emitting some literal bytes. */
320 
321       {
322         /* We have a 6-byte match at ip, and we need to emit bytes in
323            [next_emit, ip). */
324         const uint8_t* base = ip;
325         size_t matched = min_match + FindMatchLengthWithLimit(
326             candidate + min_match, ip + min_match,
327             (size_t)(ip_end - ip) - min_match);
328         int distance = (int)(base - candidate);  /* > 0 */
329         int insert = (int)(base - next_emit);
330         ip += matched;
331         BROTLI_DCHECK(0 == memcmp(base, candidate, matched));
332         EmitInsertLen((uint32_t)insert, commands);
333         memcpy(*literals, next_emit, (size_t)insert);
334         *literals += insert;
335         if (distance == last_distance) {
336           **commands = 64;
337           ++(*commands);
338         } else {
339           EmitDistance((uint32_t)distance, commands);
340           last_distance = distance;
341         }
342         EmitCopyLenLastDistance(matched, commands);
343 
344         next_emit = ip;
345         if (BROTLI_PREDICT_FALSE(ip >= ip_limit)) {
346           goto emit_remainder;
347         }
348         {
349           /* We could immediately start working at ip now, but to improve
350              compression we first update "table" with the hashes of some
351              positions within the last copy. */
352           uint64_t input_bytes;
353           uint32_t cur_hash;
354           uint32_t prev_hash;
355           if (min_match == 4) {
356             input_bytes = BROTLI_UNALIGNED_LOAD64LE(ip - 3);
357             cur_hash = HashBytesAtOffset(input_bytes, 3, shift, min_match);
358             prev_hash = HashBytesAtOffset(input_bytes, 0, shift, min_match);
359             table[prev_hash] = (int)(ip - base_ip - 3);
360             prev_hash = HashBytesAtOffset(input_bytes, 1, shift, min_match);
361             table[prev_hash] = (int)(ip - base_ip - 2);
362             prev_hash = HashBytesAtOffset(input_bytes, 0, shift, min_match);
363             table[prev_hash] = (int)(ip - base_ip - 1);
364           } else {
365             input_bytes = BROTLI_UNALIGNED_LOAD64LE(ip - 5);
366             prev_hash = HashBytesAtOffset(input_bytes, 0, shift, min_match);
367             table[prev_hash] = (int)(ip - base_ip - 5);
368             prev_hash = HashBytesAtOffset(input_bytes, 1, shift, min_match);
369             table[prev_hash] = (int)(ip - base_ip - 4);
370             prev_hash = HashBytesAtOffset(input_bytes, 2, shift, min_match);
371             table[prev_hash] = (int)(ip - base_ip - 3);
372             input_bytes = BROTLI_UNALIGNED_LOAD64LE(ip - 2);
373             cur_hash = HashBytesAtOffset(input_bytes, 2, shift, min_match);
374             prev_hash = HashBytesAtOffset(input_bytes, 0, shift, min_match);
375             table[prev_hash] = (int)(ip - base_ip - 2);
376             prev_hash = HashBytesAtOffset(input_bytes, 1, shift, min_match);
377             table[prev_hash] = (int)(ip - base_ip - 1);
378           }
379 
380           candidate = base_ip + table[cur_hash];
381           table[cur_hash] = (int)(ip - base_ip);
382         }
383       }
384 
385       while (ip - candidate <= MAX_DISTANCE &&
386           IsMatch(ip, candidate, min_match)) {
387         /* We have a 6-byte match at ip, and no need to emit any
388            literal bytes prior to ip. */
389         const uint8_t* base = ip;
390         size_t matched = min_match + FindMatchLengthWithLimit(
391             candidate + min_match, ip + min_match,
392             (size_t)(ip_end - ip) - min_match);
393         ip += matched;
394         last_distance = (int)(base - candidate);  /* > 0 */
395         BROTLI_DCHECK(0 == memcmp(base, candidate, matched));
396         EmitCopyLen(matched, commands);
397         EmitDistance((uint32_t)last_distance, commands);
398 
399         next_emit = ip;
400         if (BROTLI_PREDICT_FALSE(ip >= ip_limit)) {
401           goto emit_remainder;
402         }
403         {
404           /* We could immediately start working at ip now, but to improve
405              compression we first update "table" with the hashes of some
406              positions within the last copy. */
407           uint64_t input_bytes;
408           uint32_t cur_hash;
409           uint32_t prev_hash;
410           if (min_match == 4) {
411             input_bytes = BROTLI_UNALIGNED_LOAD64LE(ip - 3);
412             cur_hash = HashBytesAtOffset(input_bytes, 3, shift, min_match);
413             prev_hash = HashBytesAtOffset(input_bytes, 0, shift, min_match);
414             table[prev_hash] = (int)(ip - base_ip - 3);
415             prev_hash = HashBytesAtOffset(input_bytes, 1, shift, min_match);
416             table[prev_hash] = (int)(ip - base_ip - 2);
417             prev_hash = HashBytesAtOffset(input_bytes, 2, shift, min_match);
418             table[prev_hash] = (int)(ip - base_ip - 1);
419           } else {
420             input_bytes = BROTLI_UNALIGNED_LOAD64LE(ip - 5);
421             prev_hash = HashBytesAtOffset(input_bytes, 0, shift, min_match);
422             table[prev_hash] = (int)(ip - base_ip - 5);
423             prev_hash = HashBytesAtOffset(input_bytes, 1, shift, min_match);
424             table[prev_hash] = (int)(ip - base_ip - 4);
425             prev_hash = HashBytesAtOffset(input_bytes, 2, shift, min_match);
426             table[prev_hash] = (int)(ip - base_ip - 3);
427             input_bytes = BROTLI_UNALIGNED_LOAD64LE(ip - 2);
428             cur_hash = HashBytesAtOffset(input_bytes, 2, shift, min_match);
429             prev_hash = HashBytesAtOffset(input_bytes, 0, shift, min_match);
430             table[prev_hash] = (int)(ip - base_ip - 2);
431             prev_hash = HashBytesAtOffset(input_bytes, 1, shift, min_match);
432             table[prev_hash] = (int)(ip - base_ip - 1);
433           }
434 
435           candidate = base_ip + table[cur_hash];
436           table[cur_hash] = (int)(ip - base_ip);
437         }
438       }
439 
440       next_hash = Hash(++ip, shift, min_match);
441     }
442   }
443 
444 emit_remainder:
445   BROTLI_DCHECK(next_emit <= ip_end);
446   /* Emit the remaining bytes as literals. */
447   if (next_emit < ip_end) {
448     const uint32_t insert = (uint32_t)(ip_end - next_emit);
449     EmitInsertLen(insert, commands);
450     memcpy(*literals, next_emit, insert);
451     *literals += insert;
452   }
453 }
454 
StoreCommands(MemoryManager * m,const uint8_t * literals,const size_t num_literals,const uint32_t * commands,const size_t num_commands,size_t * storage_ix,uint8_t * storage)455 static void StoreCommands(MemoryManager* m,
456                           const uint8_t* literals, const size_t num_literals,
457                           const uint32_t* commands, const size_t num_commands,
458                           size_t* storage_ix, uint8_t* storage) {
459   static const uint32_t kNumExtraBits[128] = {
460     0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, 24,
461     0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 4, 4,
462     0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 24,
463     0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
464     1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 7, 7, 8, 8,
465     9, 9, 10, 10, 11, 11, 12, 12, 13, 13, 14, 14, 15, 15, 16, 16,
466     17, 17, 18, 18, 19, 19, 20, 20, 21, 21, 22, 22, 23, 23, 24, 24,
467   };
468   static const uint32_t kInsertOffset[24] = {
469     0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 14, 18, 26, 34, 50, 66, 98, 130, 194, 322, 578,
470     1090, 2114, 6210, 22594,
471   };
472 
473   uint8_t lit_depths[256];
474   uint16_t lit_bits[256];
475   uint32_t lit_histo[256] = { 0 };
476   uint8_t cmd_depths[128] = { 0 };
477   uint16_t cmd_bits[128] = { 0 };
478   uint32_t cmd_histo[128] = { 0 };
479   size_t i;
480   for (i = 0; i < num_literals; ++i) {
481     ++lit_histo[literals[i]];
482   }
483   BrotliBuildAndStoreHuffmanTreeFast(m, lit_histo, num_literals,
484                                      /* max_bits = */ 8,
485                                      lit_depths, lit_bits,
486                                      storage_ix, storage);
487   if (BROTLI_IS_OOM(m)) return;
488 
489   for (i = 0; i < num_commands; ++i) {
490     const uint32_t code = commands[i] & 0xFF;
491     BROTLI_DCHECK(code < 128);
492     ++cmd_histo[code];
493   }
494   cmd_histo[1] += 1;
495   cmd_histo[2] += 1;
496   cmd_histo[64] += 1;
497   cmd_histo[84] += 1;
498   BuildAndStoreCommandPrefixCode(cmd_histo, cmd_depths, cmd_bits,
499                                  storage_ix, storage);
500 
501   for (i = 0; i < num_commands; ++i) {
502     const uint32_t cmd = commands[i];
503     const uint32_t code = cmd & 0xFF;
504     const uint32_t extra = cmd >> 8;
505     BROTLI_DCHECK(code < 128);
506     BrotliWriteBits(cmd_depths[code], cmd_bits[code], storage_ix, storage);
507     BrotliWriteBits(kNumExtraBits[code], extra, storage_ix, storage);
508     if (code < 24) {
509       const uint32_t insert = kInsertOffset[code] + extra;
510       uint32_t j;
511       for (j = 0; j < insert; ++j) {
512         const uint8_t lit = *literals;
513         BrotliWriteBits(lit_depths[lit], lit_bits[lit], storage_ix, storage);
514         ++literals;
515       }
516     }
517   }
518 }
519 
520 /* Acceptable loss for uncompressible speedup is 2% */
521 #define MIN_RATIO 0.98
522 #define SAMPLE_RATE 43
523 
ShouldCompress(const uint8_t * input,size_t input_size,size_t num_literals)524 static BROTLI_BOOL ShouldCompress(
525     const uint8_t* input, size_t input_size, size_t num_literals) {
526   double corpus_size = (double)input_size;
527   if ((double)num_literals < MIN_RATIO * corpus_size) {
528     return BROTLI_TRUE;
529   } else {
530     uint32_t literal_histo[256] = { 0 };
531     const double max_total_bit_cost = corpus_size * 8 * MIN_RATIO / SAMPLE_RATE;
532     size_t i;
533     for (i = 0; i < input_size; i += SAMPLE_RATE) {
534       ++literal_histo[input[i]];
535     }
536     return TO_BROTLI_BOOL(BitsEntropy(literal_histo, 256) < max_total_bit_cost);
537   }
538 }
539 
RewindBitPosition(const size_t new_storage_ix,size_t * storage_ix,uint8_t * storage)540 static void RewindBitPosition(const size_t new_storage_ix,
541                               size_t* storage_ix, uint8_t* storage) {
542   const size_t bitpos = new_storage_ix & 7;
543   const size_t mask = (1u << bitpos) - 1;
544   storage[new_storage_ix >> 3] &= (uint8_t)mask;
545   *storage_ix = new_storage_ix;
546 }
547 
EmitUncompressedMetaBlock(const uint8_t * input,size_t input_size,size_t * storage_ix,uint8_t * storage)548 static void EmitUncompressedMetaBlock(const uint8_t* input, size_t input_size,
549                                       size_t* storage_ix, uint8_t* storage) {
550   BrotliStoreMetaBlockHeader(input_size, 1, storage_ix, storage);
551   *storage_ix = (*storage_ix + 7u) & ~7u;
552   memcpy(&storage[*storage_ix >> 3], input, input_size);
553   *storage_ix += input_size << 3;
554   storage[*storage_ix >> 3] = 0;
555 }
556 
BrotliCompressFragmentTwoPassImpl(MemoryManager * m,const uint8_t * input,size_t input_size,BROTLI_BOOL is_last,uint32_t * command_buf,uint8_t * literal_buf,int * table,size_t table_bits,size_t min_match,size_t * storage_ix,uint8_t * storage)557 static BROTLI_INLINE void BrotliCompressFragmentTwoPassImpl(
558     MemoryManager* m, const uint8_t* input, size_t input_size,
559     BROTLI_BOOL is_last, uint32_t* command_buf, uint8_t* literal_buf,
560     int* table, size_t table_bits, size_t min_match,
561     size_t* storage_ix, uint8_t* storage) {
562   /* Save the start of the first block for position and distance computations.
563   */
564   const uint8_t* base_ip = input;
565   BROTLI_UNUSED(is_last);
566 
567   while (input_size > 0) {
568     size_t block_size =
569         BROTLI_MIN(size_t, input_size, kCompressFragmentTwoPassBlockSize);
570     uint32_t* commands = command_buf;
571     uint8_t* literals = literal_buf;
572     size_t num_literals;
573     CreateCommands(input, block_size, input_size, base_ip, table,
574                    table_bits, min_match, &literals, &commands);
575     num_literals = (size_t)(literals - literal_buf);
576     if (ShouldCompress(input, block_size, num_literals)) {
577       const size_t num_commands = (size_t)(commands - command_buf);
578       BrotliStoreMetaBlockHeader(block_size, 0, storage_ix, storage);
579       /* No block splits, no contexts. */
580       BrotliWriteBits(13, 0, storage_ix, storage);
581       StoreCommands(m, literal_buf, num_literals, command_buf, num_commands,
582                     storage_ix, storage);
583       if (BROTLI_IS_OOM(m)) return;
584     } else {
585       /* Since we did not find many backward references and the entropy of
586          the data is close to 8 bits, we can simply emit an uncompressed block.
587          This makes compression speed of uncompressible data about 3x faster. */
588       EmitUncompressedMetaBlock(input, block_size, storage_ix, storage);
589     }
590     input += block_size;
591     input_size -= block_size;
592   }
593 }
594 
595 #define FOR_TABLE_BITS_(X) \
596   X(8) X(9) X(10) X(11) X(12) X(13) X(14) X(15) X(16) X(17)
597 
598 #define BAKE_METHOD_PARAM_(B)                                                  \
599 static BROTLI_NOINLINE void BrotliCompressFragmentTwoPassImpl ## B(            \
600     MemoryManager* m, const uint8_t* input, size_t input_size,                 \
601     BROTLI_BOOL is_last, uint32_t* command_buf, uint8_t* literal_buf,          \
602     int* table, size_t* storage_ix, uint8_t* storage) {                        \
603   size_t min_match = (B <= 15) ? 4 : 6;                                        \
604   BrotliCompressFragmentTwoPassImpl(m, input, input_size, is_last, command_buf,\
605       literal_buf, table, B, min_match, storage_ix, storage);                  \
606 }
FOR_TABLE_BITS_(BAKE_METHOD_PARAM_)607 FOR_TABLE_BITS_(BAKE_METHOD_PARAM_)
608 #undef BAKE_METHOD_PARAM_
609 
610 void BrotliCompressFragmentTwoPass(
611     MemoryManager* m, const uint8_t* input, size_t input_size,
612     BROTLI_BOOL is_last, uint32_t* command_buf, uint8_t* literal_buf,
613     int* table, size_t table_size, size_t* storage_ix, uint8_t* storage) {
614   const size_t initial_storage_ix = *storage_ix;
615   const size_t table_bits = Log2FloorNonZero(table_size);
616   switch (table_bits) {
617 #define CASE_(B)                                      \
618     case B:                                           \
619       BrotliCompressFragmentTwoPassImpl ## B(         \
620           m, input, input_size, is_last, command_buf, \
621           literal_buf, table, storage_ix, storage);   \
622       break;
623     FOR_TABLE_BITS_(CASE_)
624 #undef CASE_
625     default: BROTLI_DCHECK(0); break;
626   }
627 
628   /* If output is larger than single uncompressed block, rewrite it. */
629   if (*storage_ix - initial_storage_ix > 31 + (input_size << 3)) {
630     RewindBitPosition(initial_storage_ix, storage_ix, storage);
631     EmitUncompressedMetaBlock(input, input_size, storage_ix, storage);
632   }
633 
634   if (is_last) {
635     BrotliWriteBits(1, 1, storage_ix, storage);  /* islast */
636     BrotliWriteBits(1, 1, storage_ix, storage);  /* isempty */
637     *storage_ix = (*storage_ix + 7u) & ~7u;
638   }
639 }
640 
641 #undef FOR_TABLE_BITS_
642 
643 #if defined(__cplusplus) || defined(c_plusplus)
644 }  /* extern "C" */
645 #endif
646