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1 /* inffast.c -- fast decoding
2  * Copyright (C) 1995-2017 Mark Adler
3  * For conditions of distribution and use, see copyright notice in zlib.h
4  */
5 
6 #include "zbuild.h"
7 #include "zutil.h"
8 #include "inftrees.h"
9 #include "inflate.h"
10 #include "inffast.h"
11 #include "inflate_p.h"
12 #include "functable.h"
13 
14 
15 /* Load 64 bits from IN and place the bytes at offset BITS in the result. */
load_64_bits(const unsigned char * in,unsigned bits)16 static inline uint64_t load_64_bits(const unsigned char *in, unsigned bits) {
17     uint64_t chunk;
18     memcpy(&chunk, in, sizeof(chunk));
19 
20 #if BYTE_ORDER == LITTLE_ENDIAN
21     return chunk << bits;
22 #else
23     return ZSWAP64(chunk) << bits;
24 #endif
25 }
26 /*
27    Decode literal, length, and distance codes and write out the resulting
28    literal and match bytes until either not enough input or output is
29    available, an end-of-block is encountered, or a data error is encountered.
30    When large enough input and output buffers are supplied to inflate(), for
31    example, a 16K input buffer and a 64K output buffer, more than 95% of the
32    inflate execution time is spent in this routine.
33 
34    Entry assumptions:
35 
36         state->mode == LEN
37         strm->avail_in >= INFLATE_FAST_MIN_HAVE
38         strm->avail_out >= INFLATE_FAST_MIN_LEFT
39         start >= strm->avail_out
40         state->bits < 8
41 
42    On return, state->mode is one of:
43 
44         LEN -- ran out of enough output space or enough available input
45         TYPE -- reached end of block code, inflate() to interpret next block
46         BAD -- error in block data
47 
48    Notes:
49 
50     - The maximum input bits used by a length/distance pair is 15 bits for the
51       length code, 5 bits for the length extra, 15 bits for the distance code,
52       and 13 bits for the distance extra.  This totals 48 bits, or six bytes.
53       Therefore if strm->avail_in >= 6, then there is enough input to avoid
54       checking for available input while decoding.
55 
56     - On some architectures, it can be significantly faster (e.g. up to 1.2x
57       faster on x86_64) to load from strm->next_in 64 bits, or 8 bytes, at a
58       time, so INFLATE_FAST_MIN_HAVE == 8.
59 
60     - The maximum bytes that a single length/distance pair can output is 258
61       bytes, which is the maximum length that can be coded.  inflate_fast()
62       requires strm->avail_out >= 258 for each loop to avoid checking for
63       output space.
64  */
zng_inflate_fast(PREFIX3 (stream)* strm,unsigned long start)65 void Z_INTERNAL zng_inflate_fast(PREFIX3(stream) *strm, unsigned long start) {
66     /* start: inflate()'s starting value for strm->avail_out */
67     struct inflate_state *state;
68     z_const unsigned char *in;  /* local strm->next_in */
69     const unsigned char *last;  /* have enough input while in < last */
70     unsigned char *out;         /* local strm->next_out */
71     unsigned char *beg;         /* inflate()'s initial strm->next_out */
72     unsigned char *end;         /* while out < end, enough space available */
73     unsigned char *safe;        /* can use chunkcopy provided out < safe */
74 #ifdef INFLATE_STRICT
75     unsigned dmax;              /* maximum distance from zlib header */
76 #endif
77     unsigned wsize;             /* window size or zero if not using window */
78     unsigned whave;             /* valid bytes in the window */
79     unsigned wnext;             /* window write index */
80     unsigned char *window;      /* allocated sliding window, if wsize != 0 */
81 
82     /* hold is a local copy of strm->hold. By default, hold satisfies the same
83        invariants that strm->hold does, namely that (hold >> bits) == 0. This
84        invariant is kept by loading bits into hold one byte at a time, like:
85 
86        hold |= next_byte_of_input << bits; in++; bits += 8;
87 
88        If we need to ensure that bits >= 15 then this code snippet is simply
89        repeated. Over one iteration of the outermost do/while loop, this
90        happens up to six times (48 bits of input), as described in the NOTES
91        above.
92 
93        However, on some little endian architectures, it can be significantly
94        faster to load 64 bits once instead of 8 bits six times:
95 
96        if (bits <= 16) {
97          hold |= next_8_bytes_of_input << bits; in += 6; bits += 48;
98        }
99 
100        Unlike the simpler one byte load, shifting the next_8_bytes_of_input
101        by bits will overflow and lose those high bits, up to 2 bytes' worth.
102        The conservative estimate is therefore that we have read only 6 bytes
103        (48 bits). Again, as per the NOTES above, 48 bits is sufficient for the
104        rest of the iteration, and we will not need to load another 8 bytes.
105 
106        Inside this function, we no longer satisfy (hold >> bits) == 0, but
107        this is not problematic, even if that overflow does not land on an 8 bit
108        byte boundary. Those excess bits will eventually shift down lower as the
109        Huffman decoder consumes input, and when new input bits need to be loaded
110        into the bits variable, the same input bits will be or'ed over those
111        existing bits. A bitwise or is idempotent: (a | b | b) equals (a | b).
112        Note that we therefore write that load operation as "hold |= etc" and not
113        "hold += etc".
114 
115        Outside that loop, at the end of the function, hold is bitwise and'ed
116        with (1<<bits)-1 to drop those excess bits so that, on function exit, we
117        keep the invariant that (state->hold >> state->bits) == 0.
118     */
119     uint64_t hold;              /* local strm->hold */
120     unsigned bits;              /* local strm->bits */
121     code const *lcode;          /* local strm->lencode */
122     code const *dcode;          /* local strm->distcode */
123     unsigned lmask;             /* mask for first level of length codes */
124     unsigned dmask;             /* mask for first level of distance codes */
125     const code *here;           /* retrieved table entry */
126     unsigned op;                /* code bits, operation, extra bits, or */
127                                 /*  window position, window bytes to copy */
128     unsigned len;               /* match length, unused bytes */
129     unsigned dist;              /* match distance */
130     unsigned char *from;        /* where to copy match from */
131 
132     /* copy state to local variables */
133     state = (struct inflate_state *)strm->state;
134     in = strm->next_in;
135     last = in + (strm->avail_in - (INFLATE_FAST_MIN_HAVE - 1));
136     out = strm->next_out;
137     beg = out - (start - strm->avail_out);
138     end = out + (strm->avail_out - (INFLATE_FAST_MIN_LEFT - 1));
139     safe = out + strm->avail_out;
140 #ifdef INFLATE_STRICT
141     dmax = state->dmax;
142 #endif
143     wsize = state->wsize;
144     whave = state->whave;
145     wnext = state->wnext;
146     window = state->window;
147     hold = state->hold;
148     bits = state->bits;
149     lcode = state->lencode;
150     dcode = state->distcode;
151     lmask = (1U << state->lenbits) - 1;
152     dmask = (1U << state->distbits) - 1;
153 
154     /* decode literals and length/distances until end-of-block or not enough
155        input data or output space */
156     do {
157         if (bits < 15) {
158             hold |= load_64_bits(in, bits);
159             in += 6;
160             bits += 48;
161         }
162         here = lcode + (hold & lmask);
163       dolen:
164         DROPBITS(here->bits);
165         op = here->op;
166         if (op == 0) {                          /* literal */
167             Tracevv((stderr, here->val >= 0x20 && here->val < 0x7f ?
168                     "inflate:         literal '%c'\n" :
169                     "inflate:         literal 0x%02x\n", here->val));
170             *out++ = (unsigned char)(here->val);
171         } else if (op & 16) {                     /* length base */
172             len = here->val;
173             op &= 15;                           /* number of extra bits */
174             if (bits < op) {
175                 hold |= load_64_bits(in, bits);
176                 in += 6;
177                 bits += 48;
178             }
179             len += BITS(op);
180             DROPBITS(op);
181             Tracevv((stderr, "inflate:         length %u\n", len));
182             if (bits < 15) {
183                 hold |= load_64_bits(in, bits);
184                 in += 6;
185                 bits += 48;
186             }
187             here = dcode + (hold & dmask);
188           dodist:
189             DROPBITS(here->bits);
190             op = here->op;
191             if (op & 16) {                      /* distance base */
192                 dist = here->val;
193                 op &= 15;                       /* number of extra bits */
194                 if (bits < op) {
195                     hold |= load_64_bits(in, bits);
196                     in += 6;
197                     bits += 48;
198                 }
199                 dist += BITS(op);
200 #ifdef INFLATE_STRICT
201                 if (dist > dmax) {
202                     strm->msg = (char *)"invalid distance too far back";
203                     state->mode = BAD;
204                     break;
205                 }
206 #endif
207                 DROPBITS(op);
208                 Tracevv((stderr, "inflate:         distance %u\n", dist));
209                 op = (unsigned)(out - beg);     /* max distance in output */
210                 if (dist > op) {                /* see if copy from window */
211                     op = dist - op;             /* distance back in window */
212                     if (op > whave) {
213                         if (state->sane) {
214                             strm->msg = (char *)"invalid distance too far back";
215                             state->mode = BAD;
216                             break;
217                         }
218 #ifdef INFLATE_ALLOW_INVALID_DISTANCE_TOOFAR_ARRR
219                         if (len <= op - whave) {
220                             do {
221                                 *out++ = 0;
222                             } while (--len);
223                             continue;
224                         }
225                         len -= op - whave;
226                         do {
227                             *out++ = 0;
228                         } while (--op > whave);
229                         if (op == 0) {
230                             from = out - dist;
231                             do {
232                                 *out++ = *from++;
233                             } while (--len);
234                             continue;
235                         }
236 #endif
237                     }
238                     from = window;
239                     if (wnext == 0) {           /* very common case */
240                         from += wsize - op;
241                     } else if (wnext >= op) {   /* contiguous in window */
242                         from += wnext - op;
243                     } else {                    /* wrap around window */
244                         op -= wnext;
245                         from += wsize - op;
246                         if (op < len) {         /* some from end of window */
247                             len -= op;
248                             out = functable.chunkcopy_safe(out, from, op, safe);
249                             from = window;      /* more from start of window */
250                             op = wnext;
251                             /* This (rare) case can create a situation where
252                                the first chunkcopy below must be checked.
253                              */
254                         }
255                     }
256                     if (op < len) {             /* still need some from output */
257                         len -= op;
258                         out = functable.chunkcopy_safe(out, from, op, safe);
259                         out = functable.chunkunroll(out, &dist, &len);
260                         out = functable.chunkcopy_safe(out, out - dist, len, safe);
261                     } else {
262                         out = functable.chunkcopy_safe(out, from, len, safe);
263                     }
264                 } else {
265                     /* Whole reference is in range of current output.  No
266                        range checks are necessary because we start with room
267                        for at least 258 bytes of output, so unroll and roundoff
268                        operations can write beyond `out+len` so long as they
269                        stay within 258 bytes of `out`.
270                     */
271                     if (dist >= len || dist >= state->chunksize)
272                         out = functable.chunkcopy(out, out - dist, len);
273                     else
274                         out = functable.chunkmemset(out, dist, len);
275                 }
276             } else if ((op & 64) == 0) {          /* 2nd level distance code */
277                 here = dcode + here->val + BITS(op);
278                 goto dodist;
279             } else {
280                 strm->msg = (char *)"invalid distance code";
281                 state->mode = BAD;
282                 break;
283             }
284         } else if ((op & 64) == 0) {              /* 2nd level length code */
285             here = lcode + here->val + BITS(op);
286             goto dolen;
287         } else if (op & 32) {                     /* end-of-block */
288             Tracevv((stderr, "inflate:         end of block\n"));
289             state->mode = TYPE;
290             break;
291         } else {
292             strm->msg = (char *)"invalid literal/length code";
293             state->mode = BAD;
294             break;
295         }
296     } while (in < last && out < end);
297 
298     /* return unused bytes (on entry, bits < 8, so in won't go too far back) */
299     len = bits >> 3;
300     in -= len;
301     bits -= len << 3;
302     hold &= (UINT64_C(1) << bits) - 1;
303 
304     /* update state and return */
305     strm->next_in = in;
306     strm->next_out = out;
307     strm->avail_in =
308         (unsigned)(in < last ? (INFLATE_FAST_MIN_HAVE - 1) + (last - in)
309                              : (INFLATE_FAST_MIN_HAVE - 1) - (in - last));
310     strm->avail_out =
311         (unsigned)(out < end ? (INFLATE_FAST_MIN_LEFT - 1) + (end - out)
312                              : (INFLATE_FAST_MIN_LEFT - 1) - (out - end));
313 
314     Assert(bits <= 32, "Remaining bits greater than 32");
315     state->hold = (uint32_t)hold;
316     state->bits = bits;
317     return;
318 }
319 
320 /*
321    inflate_fast() speedups that turned out slower (on a PowerPC G3 750CXe):
322    - Using bit fields for code structure
323    - Different op definition to avoid & for extra bits (do & for table bits)
324    - Three separate decoding do-loops for direct, window, and wnext == 0
325    - Special case for distance > 1 copies to do overlapped load and store copy
326    - Explicit branch predictions (based on measured branch probabilities)
327    - Deferring match copy and interspersed it with decoding subsequent codes
328    - Swapping literal/length else
329    - Swapping window/direct else
330    - Larger unrolled copy loops (three is about right)
331    - Moving len -= 3 statement into middle of loop
332  */
333