1 //===- InlineAdvisor.cpp - analysis pass implementation -------------------===//
2 //
3 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
4 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
5 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
6 //
7 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
8 //
9 // This file implements InlineAdvisorAnalysis and DefaultInlineAdvisor, and
10 // related types.
11 //
12 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
13
14 #include "llvm/Analysis/InlineAdvisor.h"
15 #include "llvm/ADT/Statistic.h"
16 #include "llvm/Analysis/InlineCost.h"
17 #include "llvm/Analysis/OptimizationRemarkEmitter.h"
18 #include "llvm/Analysis/ProfileSummaryInfo.h"
19 #include "llvm/Analysis/TargetLibraryInfo.h"
20 #include "llvm/Analysis/TargetTransformInfo.h"
21 #include "llvm/IR/DebugInfoMetadata.h"
22 #include "llvm/IR/Instructions.h"
23 #include "llvm/Support/CommandLine.h"
24 #include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
25
26 #include <sstream>
27
28 using namespace llvm;
29 #define DEBUG_TYPE "inline"
30
31 // This weirdly named statistic tracks the number of times that, when attempting
32 // to inline a function A into B, we analyze the callers of B in order to see
33 // if those would be more profitable and blocked inline steps.
34 STATISTIC(NumCallerCallersAnalyzed, "Number of caller-callers analyzed");
35
36 /// Flag to add inline messages as callsite attributes 'inline-remark'.
37 static cl::opt<bool>
38 InlineRemarkAttribute("inline-remark-attribute", cl::init(false),
39 cl::Hidden,
40 cl::desc("Enable adding inline-remark attribute to"
41 " callsites processed by inliner but decided"
42 " to be not inlined"));
43
44 // An integer used to limit the cost of inline deferral. The default negative
45 // number tells shouldBeDeferred to only take the secondary cost into account.
46 static cl::opt<int>
47 InlineDeferralScale("inline-deferral-scale",
48 cl::desc("Scale to limit the cost of inline deferral"),
49 cl::init(2), cl::Hidden);
50
51 namespace {
52 class DefaultInlineAdvice : public InlineAdvice {
53 public:
DefaultInlineAdvice(DefaultInlineAdvisor * Advisor,CallBase & CB,Optional<InlineCost> OIC,OptimizationRemarkEmitter & ORE)54 DefaultInlineAdvice(DefaultInlineAdvisor *Advisor, CallBase &CB,
55 Optional<InlineCost> OIC, OptimizationRemarkEmitter &ORE)
56 : InlineAdvice(Advisor, CB, ORE, OIC.hasValue()), OriginalCB(&CB),
57 OIC(OIC) {}
58
59 private:
recordUnsuccessfulInliningImpl(const InlineResult & Result)60 void recordUnsuccessfulInliningImpl(const InlineResult &Result) override {
61 using namespace ore;
62 llvm::setInlineRemark(*OriginalCB, std::string(Result.getFailureReason()) +
63 "; " + inlineCostStr(*OIC));
64 ORE.emit([&]() {
65 return OptimizationRemarkMissed(DEBUG_TYPE, "NotInlined", DLoc, Block)
66 << NV("Callee", Callee) << " will not be inlined into "
67 << NV("Caller", Caller) << ": "
68 << NV("Reason", Result.getFailureReason());
69 });
70 }
71
recordInliningWithCalleeDeletedImpl()72 void recordInliningWithCalleeDeletedImpl() override {
73 emitInlinedInto(ORE, DLoc, Block, *Callee, *Caller, *OIC);
74 }
75
recordInliningImpl()76 void recordInliningImpl() override {
77 emitInlinedInto(ORE, DLoc, Block, *Callee, *Caller, *OIC);
78 }
79
80 private:
81 CallBase *const OriginalCB;
82 Optional<InlineCost> OIC;
83 };
84
85 } // namespace
86
getDefaultInlineAdvice(CallBase & CB,FunctionAnalysisManager & FAM,const InlineParams & Params)87 llvm::Optional<llvm::InlineCost> static getDefaultInlineAdvice(
88 CallBase &CB, FunctionAnalysisManager &FAM, const InlineParams &Params) {
89 Function &Caller = *CB.getCaller();
90 ProfileSummaryInfo *PSI =
91 FAM.getResult<ModuleAnalysisManagerFunctionProxy>(Caller)
92 .getCachedResult<ProfileSummaryAnalysis>(
93 *CB.getParent()->getParent()->getParent());
94
95 auto &ORE = FAM.getResult<OptimizationRemarkEmitterAnalysis>(Caller);
96 auto GetAssumptionCache = [&](Function &F) -> AssumptionCache & {
97 return FAM.getResult<AssumptionAnalysis>(F);
98 };
99 auto GetBFI = [&](Function &F) -> BlockFrequencyInfo & {
100 return FAM.getResult<BlockFrequencyAnalysis>(F);
101 };
102 auto GetTLI = [&](Function &F) -> const TargetLibraryInfo & {
103 return FAM.getResult<TargetLibraryAnalysis>(F);
104 };
105
106 auto GetInlineCost = [&](CallBase &CB) {
107 Function &Callee = *CB.getCalledFunction();
108 auto &CalleeTTI = FAM.getResult<TargetIRAnalysis>(Callee);
109 bool RemarksEnabled =
110 Callee.getContext().getDiagHandlerPtr()->isMissedOptRemarkEnabled(
111 DEBUG_TYPE);
112 return getInlineCost(CB, Params, CalleeTTI, GetAssumptionCache, GetTLI,
113 GetBFI, PSI, RemarksEnabled ? &ORE : nullptr);
114 };
115 return llvm::shouldInline(CB, GetInlineCost, ORE,
116 Params.EnableDeferral.hasValue() &&
117 Params.EnableDeferral.getValue());
118 }
119
getAdvice(CallBase & CB)120 std::unique_ptr<InlineAdvice> DefaultInlineAdvisor::getAdvice(CallBase &CB) {
121 auto OIC = getDefaultInlineAdvice(CB, FAM, Params);
122 return std::make_unique<DefaultInlineAdvice>(
123 this, CB, OIC,
124 FAM.getResult<OptimizationRemarkEmitterAnalysis>(*CB.getCaller()));
125 }
126
InlineAdvice(InlineAdvisor * Advisor,CallBase & CB,OptimizationRemarkEmitter & ORE,bool IsInliningRecommended)127 InlineAdvice::InlineAdvice(InlineAdvisor *Advisor, CallBase &CB,
128 OptimizationRemarkEmitter &ORE,
129 bool IsInliningRecommended)
130 : Advisor(Advisor), Caller(CB.getCaller()), Callee(CB.getCalledFunction()),
131 DLoc(CB.getDebugLoc()), Block(CB.getParent()), ORE(ORE),
132 IsInliningRecommended(IsInliningRecommended) {}
133
markFunctionAsDeleted(Function * F)134 void InlineAdvisor::markFunctionAsDeleted(Function *F) {
135 assert((!DeletedFunctions.count(F)) &&
136 "Cannot put cause a function to become dead twice!");
137 DeletedFunctions.insert(F);
138 }
139
freeDeletedFunctions()140 void InlineAdvisor::freeDeletedFunctions() {
141 for (auto *F : DeletedFunctions)
142 delete F;
143 DeletedFunctions.clear();
144 }
145
recordInliningWithCalleeDeleted()146 void InlineAdvice::recordInliningWithCalleeDeleted() {
147 markRecorded();
148 Advisor->markFunctionAsDeleted(Callee);
149 recordInliningWithCalleeDeletedImpl();
150 }
151
152 AnalysisKey InlineAdvisorAnalysis::Key;
153
tryCreate(InlineParams Params,InliningAdvisorMode Mode)154 bool InlineAdvisorAnalysis::Result::tryCreate(InlineParams Params,
155 InliningAdvisorMode Mode) {
156 auto &FAM = MAM.getResult<FunctionAnalysisManagerModuleProxy>(M).getManager();
157 switch (Mode) {
158 case InliningAdvisorMode::Default:
159 Advisor.reset(new DefaultInlineAdvisor(FAM, Params));
160 break;
161 case InliningAdvisorMode::MandatoryOnly:
162 Advisor.reset(new MandatoryInlineAdvisor(FAM));
163 break;
164 case InliningAdvisorMode::Development:
165 #ifdef LLVM_HAVE_TF_API
166 Advisor =
167 llvm::getDevelopmentModeAdvisor(M, MAM, [&FAM, Params](CallBase &CB) {
168 auto OIC = getDefaultInlineAdvice(CB, FAM, Params);
169 return OIC.hasValue();
170 });
171 #endif
172 break;
173 case InliningAdvisorMode::Release:
174 #ifdef LLVM_HAVE_TF_AOT
175 Advisor = llvm::getReleaseModeAdvisor(M, MAM);
176 #endif
177 break;
178 }
179 return !!Advisor;
180 }
181
182 /// Return true if inlining of CB can block the caller from being
183 /// inlined which is proved to be more beneficial. \p IC is the
184 /// estimated inline cost associated with callsite \p CB.
185 /// \p TotalSecondaryCost will be set to the estimated cost of inlining the
186 /// caller if \p CB is suppressed for inlining.
187 static bool
shouldBeDeferred(Function * Caller,InlineCost IC,int & TotalSecondaryCost,function_ref<InlineCost (CallBase & CB)> GetInlineCost)188 shouldBeDeferred(Function *Caller, InlineCost IC, int &TotalSecondaryCost,
189 function_ref<InlineCost(CallBase &CB)> GetInlineCost) {
190 // For now we only handle local or inline functions.
191 if (!Caller->hasLocalLinkage() && !Caller->hasLinkOnceODRLinkage())
192 return false;
193 // If the cost of inlining CB is non-positive, it is not going to prevent the
194 // caller from being inlined into its callers and hence we don't need to
195 // defer.
196 if (IC.getCost() <= 0)
197 return false;
198 // Try to detect the case where the current inlining candidate caller (call
199 // it B) is a static or linkonce-ODR function and is an inlining candidate
200 // elsewhere, and the current candidate callee (call it C) is large enough
201 // that inlining it into B would make B too big to inline later. In these
202 // circumstances it may be best not to inline C into B, but to inline B into
203 // its callers.
204 //
205 // This only applies to static and linkonce-ODR functions because those are
206 // expected to be available for inlining in the translation units where they
207 // are used. Thus we will always have the opportunity to make local inlining
208 // decisions. Importantly the linkonce-ODR linkage covers inline functions
209 // and templates in C++.
210 //
211 // FIXME: All of this logic should be sunk into getInlineCost. It relies on
212 // the internal implementation of the inline cost metrics rather than
213 // treating them as truly abstract units etc.
214 TotalSecondaryCost = 0;
215 // The candidate cost to be imposed upon the current function.
216 int CandidateCost = IC.getCost() - 1;
217 // If the caller has local linkage and can be inlined to all its callers, we
218 // can apply a huge negative bonus to TotalSecondaryCost.
219 bool ApplyLastCallBonus = Caller->hasLocalLinkage() && !Caller->hasOneUse();
220 // This bool tracks what happens if we DO inline C into B.
221 bool InliningPreventsSomeOuterInline = false;
222 unsigned NumCallerUsers = 0;
223 for (User *U : Caller->users()) {
224 CallBase *CS2 = dyn_cast<CallBase>(U);
225
226 // If this isn't a call to Caller (it could be some other sort
227 // of reference) skip it. Such references will prevent the caller
228 // from being removed.
229 if (!CS2 || CS2->getCalledFunction() != Caller) {
230 ApplyLastCallBonus = false;
231 continue;
232 }
233
234 InlineCost IC2 = GetInlineCost(*CS2);
235 ++NumCallerCallersAnalyzed;
236 if (!IC2) {
237 ApplyLastCallBonus = false;
238 continue;
239 }
240 if (IC2.isAlways())
241 continue;
242
243 // See if inlining of the original callsite would erase the cost delta of
244 // this callsite. We subtract off the penalty for the call instruction,
245 // which we would be deleting.
246 if (IC2.getCostDelta() <= CandidateCost) {
247 InliningPreventsSomeOuterInline = true;
248 TotalSecondaryCost += IC2.getCost();
249 NumCallerUsers++;
250 }
251 }
252
253 if (!InliningPreventsSomeOuterInline)
254 return false;
255
256 // If all outer calls to Caller would get inlined, the cost for the last
257 // one is set very low by getInlineCost, in anticipation that Caller will
258 // be removed entirely. We did not account for this above unless there
259 // is only one caller of Caller.
260 if (ApplyLastCallBonus)
261 TotalSecondaryCost -= InlineConstants::LastCallToStaticBonus;
262
263 // If InlineDeferralScale is negative, then ignore the cost of primary
264 // inlining -- IC.getCost() multiplied by the number of callers to Caller.
265 if (InlineDeferralScale < 0)
266 return TotalSecondaryCost < IC.getCost();
267
268 int TotalCost = TotalSecondaryCost + IC.getCost() * NumCallerUsers;
269 int Allowance = IC.getCost() * InlineDeferralScale;
270 return TotalCost < Allowance;
271 }
272
273 namespace llvm {
operator <<(std::basic_ostream<char> & R,const ore::NV & Arg)274 static std::basic_ostream<char> &operator<<(std::basic_ostream<char> &R,
275 const ore::NV &Arg) {
276 return R << Arg.Val;
277 }
278
279 template <class RemarkT>
operator <<(RemarkT && R,const InlineCost & IC)280 RemarkT &operator<<(RemarkT &&R, const InlineCost &IC) {
281 using namespace ore;
282 if (IC.isAlways()) {
283 R << "(cost=always)";
284 } else if (IC.isNever()) {
285 R << "(cost=never)";
286 } else {
287 R << "(cost=" << ore::NV("Cost", IC.getCost())
288 << ", threshold=" << ore::NV("Threshold", IC.getThreshold()) << ")";
289 }
290 if (const char *Reason = IC.getReason())
291 R << ": " << ore::NV("Reason", Reason);
292 return R;
293 }
294 } // namespace llvm
295
inlineCostStr(const InlineCost & IC)296 std::string llvm::inlineCostStr(const InlineCost &IC) {
297 std::stringstream Remark;
298 Remark << IC;
299 return Remark.str();
300 }
301
setInlineRemark(CallBase & CB,StringRef Message)302 void llvm::setInlineRemark(CallBase &CB, StringRef Message) {
303 if (!InlineRemarkAttribute)
304 return;
305
306 Attribute Attr = Attribute::get(CB.getContext(), "inline-remark", Message);
307 CB.addAttribute(AttributeList::FunctionIndex, Attr);
308 }
309
310 /// Return the cost only if the inliner should attempt to inline at the given
311 /// CallSite. If we return the cost, we will emit an optimisation remark later
312 /// using that cost, so we won't do so from this function. Return None if
313 /// inlining should not be attempted.
314 Optional<InlineCost>
shouldInline(CallBase & CB,function_ref<InlineCost (CallBase & CB)> GetInlineCost,OptimizationRemarkEmitter & ORE,bool EnableDeferral)315 llvm::shouldInline(CallBase &CB,
316 function_ref<InlineCost(CallBase &CB)> GetInlineCost,
317 OptimizationRemarkEmitter &ORE, bool EnableDeferral) {
318 using namespace ore;
319
320 InlineCost IC = GetInlineCost(CB);
321 Instruction *Call = &CB;
322 Function *Callee = CB.getCalledFunction();
323 Function *Caller = CB.getCaller();
324
325 if (IC.isAlways()) {
326 LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << " Inlining " << inlineCostStr(IC)
327 << ", Call: " << CB << "\n");
328 return IC;
329 }
330
331 if (!IC) {
332 LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << " NOT Inlining " << inlineCostStr(IC)
333 << ", Call: " << CB << "\n");
334 if (IC.isNever()) {
335 ORE.emit([&]() {
336 return OptimizationRemarkMissed(DEBUG_TYPE, "NeverInline", Call)
337 << NV("Callee", Callee) << " not inlined into "
338 << NV("Caller", Caller) << " because it should never be inlined "
339 << IC;
340 });
341 } else {
342 ORE.emit([&]() {
343 return OptimizationRemarkMissed(DEBUG_TYPE, "TooCostly", Call)
344 << NV("Callee", Callee) << " not inlined into "
345 << NV("Caller", Caller) << " because too costly to inline "
346 << IC;
347 });
348 }
349 setInlineRemark(CB, inlineCostStr(IC));
350 return None;
351 }
352
353 int TotalSecondaryCost = 0;
354 if (EnableDeferral &&
355 shouldBeDeferred(Caller, IC, TotalSecondaryCost, GetInlineCost)) {
356 LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << " NOT Inlining: " << CB
357 << " Cost = " << IC.getCost()
358 << ", outer Cost = " << TotalSecondaryCost << '\n');
359 ORE.emit([&]() {
360 return OptimizationRemarkMissed(DEBUG_TYPE, "IncreaseCostInOtherContexts",
361 Call)
362 << "Not inlining. Cost of inlining " << NV("Callee", Callee)
363 << " increases the cost of inlining " << NV("Caller", Caller)
364 << " in other contexts";
365 });
366 setInlineRemark(CB, "deferred");
367 // IC does not bool() to false, so get an InlineCost that will.
368 // This will not be inspected to make an error message.
369 return None;
370 }
371
372 LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << " Inlining " << inlineCostStr(IC) << ", Call: " << CB
373 << '\n');
374 return IC;
375 }
376
getCallSiteLocation(DebugLoc DLoc)377 std::string llvm::getCallSiteLocation(DebugLoc DLoc) {
378 std::ostringstream CallSiteLoc;
379 bool First = true;
380 for (DILocation *DIL = DLoc.get(); DIL; DIL = DIL->getInlinedAt()) {
381 if (!First)
382 CallSiteLoc << " @ ";
383 // Note that negative line offset is actually possible, but we use
384 // unsigned int to match line offset representation in remarks so
385 // it's directly consumable by relay advisor.
386 uint32_t Offset =
387 DIL->getLine() - DIL->getScope()->getSubprogram()->getLine();
388 uint32_t Discriminator = DIL->getBaseDiscriminator();
389 StringRef Name = DIL->getScope()->getSubprogram()->getLinkageName();
390 if (Name.empty())
391 Name = DIL->getScope()->getSubprogram()->getName();
392 CallSiteLoc << Name.str() << ":" << llvm::utostr(Offset);
393 if (Discriminator) {
394 CallSiteLoc << "." << llvm::utostr(Discriminator);
395 }
396 First = false;
397 }
398
399 return CallSiteLoc.str();
400 }
401
addLocationToRemarks(OptimizationRemark & Remark,DebugLoc DLoc)402 void llvm::addLocationToRemarks(OptimizationRemark &Remark, DebugLoc DLoc) {
403 if (!DLoc.get()) {
404 return;
405 }
406
407 bool First = true;
408 Remark << " at callsite ";
409 for (DILocation *DIL = DLoc.get(); DIL; DIL = DIL->getInlinedAt()) {
410 if (!First)
411 Remark << " @ ";
412 unsigned int Offset = DIL->getLine();
413 Offset -= DIL->getScope()->getSubprogram()->getLine();
414 unsigned int Discriminator = DIL->getBaseDiscriminator();
415 StringRef Name = DIL->getScope()->getSubprogram()->getLinkageName();
416 if (Name.empty())
417 Name = DIL->getScope()->getSubprogram()->getName();
418 Remark << Name << ":" << ore::NV("Line", Offset);
419 if (Discriminator)
420 Remark << "." << ore::NV("Disc", Discriminator);
421 First = false;
422 }
423 }
424
emitInlinedInto(OptimizationRemarkEmitter & ORE,DebugLoc DLoc,const BasicBlock * Block,const Function & Callee,const Function & Caller,const InlineCost & IC,bool ForProfileContext,const char * PassName)425 void llvm::emitInlinedInto(OptimizationRemarkEmitter &ORE, DebugLoc DLoc,
426 const BasicBlock *Block, const Function &Callee,
427 const Function &Caller, const InlineCost &IC,
428 bool ForProfileContext, const char *PassName) {
429 ORE.emit([&]() {
430 bool AlwaysInline = IC.isAlways();
431 StringRef RemarkName = AlwaysInline ? "AlwaysInline" : "Inlined";
432 OptimizationRemark Remark(PassName ? PassName : DEBUG_TYPE, RemarkName,
433 DLoc, Block);
434 Remark << ore::NV("Callee", &Callee) << " inlined into ";
435 Remark << ore::NV("Caller", &Caller);
436 if (ForProfileContext)
437 Remark << " to match profiling context";
438 Remark << " with " << IC;
439 addLocationToRemarks(Remark, DLoc);
440 return Remark;
441 });
442 }
443
getAdvice(CallBase & CB)444 std::unique_ptr<InlineAdvice> MandatoryInlineAdvisor::getAdvice(CallBase &CB) {
445 auto &Caller = *CB.getCaller();
446 auto &Callee = *CB.getCalledFunction();
447 auto &ORE = FAM.getResult<OptimizationRemarkEmitterAnalysis>(Caller);
448
449 bool Advice = MandatoryInliningKind::Always ==
450 MandatoryInlineAdvisor::getMandatoryKind(CB, FAM, ORE) &&
451 &Caller != &Callee;
452 return std::make_unique<InlineAdvice>(this, CB, ORE, Advice);
453 }
454
455 MandatoryInlineAdvisor::MandatoryInliningKind
getMandatoryKind(CallBase & CB,FunctionAnalysisManager & FAM,OptimizationRemarkEmitter & ORE)456 MandatoryInlineAdvisor::getMandatoryKind(CallBase &CB,
457 FunctionAnalysisManager &FAM,
458 OptimizationRemarkEmitter &ORE) {
459 auto &Callee = *CB.getCalledFunction();
460
461 auto GetTLI = [&](Function &F) -> const TargetLibraryInfo & {
462 return FAM.getResult<TargetLibraryAnalysis>(F);
463 };
464
465 auto &TIR = FAM.getResult<TargetIRAnalysis>(Callee);
466
467 auto TrivialDecision =
468 llvm::getAttributeBasedInliningDecision(CB, &Callee, TIR, GetTLI);
469
470 if (TrivialDecision.hasValue()) {
471 if (TrivialDecision->isSuccess())
472 return MandatoryInliningKind::Always;
473 else
474 return MandatoryInliningKind::Never;
475 }
476 return MandatoryInliningKind::NotMandatory;
477 }
478