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1// Protocol Buffers - Google's data interchange format
2// Copyright 2008 Google Inc.  All rights reserved.
3// https://developers.google.com/protocol-buffers/
4//
5// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
7// met:
8//
9//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
12// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
13// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
14// distribution.
15//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
16// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
17// this software without specific prior written permission.
18//
19// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
20// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
21// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
22// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
23// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
24// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
25// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
26// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
27// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
28// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
29// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
30
31#import "GPBRootObject_PackagePrivate.h"
32
33#import <objc/runtime.h>
34
35#import <CoreFoundation/CoreFoundation.h>
36
37#import "GPBDescriptor.h"
38#import "GPBExtensionRegistry.h"
39#import "GPBUtilities_PackagePrivate.h"
40
41@interface GPBExtensionDescriptor (GPBRootObject)
42// Get singletonName as a c string.
43- (const char *)singletonNameC;
44@end
45
46// We need some object to conform to the MessageSignatureProtocol to make sure
47// the selectors in it are recorded in our Objective C runtime information.
48// GPBMessage is arguably the more "obvious" choice, but given that all messages
49// inherit from GPBMessage, conflicts seem likely, so we are using GPBRootObject
50// instead.
51@interface GPBRootObject () <GPBMessageSignatureProtocol>
52@end
53
54@implementation GPBRootObject
55
56// Taken from http://www.burtleburtle.net/bob/hash/doobs.html
57// Public Domain
58static uint32_t jenkins_one_at_a_time_hash(const char *key) {
59  uint32_t hash = 0;
60  for (uint32_t i = 0; key[i] != '\0'; ++i) {
61    hash += key[i];
62    hash += (hash << 10);
63    hash ^= (hash >> 6);
64  }
65  hash += (hash << 3);
66  hash ^= (hash >> 11);
67  hash += (hash << 15);
68  return hash;
69}
70
71// Key methods for our custom CFDictionary.
72// Note that the dictionary lasts for the lifetime of our app, so no need
73// to worry about deallocation. All of the items are added to it at
74// startup, and so the keys don't need to be retained/released.
75// Keys are NULL terminated char *.
76static const void *GPBRootExtensionKeyRetain(CFAllocatorRef allocator,
77                                             const void *value) {
78#pragma unused(allocator)
79  return value;
80}
81
82static void GPBRootExtensionKeyRelease(CFAllocatorRef allocator,
83                                       const void *value) {
84#pragma unused(allocator)
85#pragma unused(value)
86}
87
88static CFStringRef GPBRootExtensionCopyKeyDescription(const void *value) {
89  const char *key = (const char *)value;
90  return CFStringCreateWithCString(kCFAllocatorDefault, key,
91                                   kCFStringEncodingUTF8);
92}
93
94static Boolean GPBRootExtensionKeyEqual(const void *value1,
95                                        const void *value2) {
96  const char *key1 = (const char *)value1;
97  const char *key2 = (const char *)value2;
98  return strcmp(key1, key2) == 0;
99}
100
101static CFHashCode GPBRootExtensionKeyHash(const void *value) {
102  const char *key = (const char *)value;
103  return jenkins_one_at_a_time_hash(key);
104}
105
106// NOTE: OSSpinLock may seem like a good fit here but Apple engineers have
107// pointed out that they are vulnerable to live locking on iOS in cases of
108// priority inversion:
109//   http://mjtsai.com/blog/2015/12/16/osspinlock-is-unsafe/
110//   https://lists.swift.org/pipermail/swift-dev/Week-of-Mon-20151214/000372.html
111static dispatch_semaphore_t gExtensionSingletonDictionarySemaphore;
112static CFMutableDictionaryRef gExtensionSingletonDictionary = NULL;
113static GPBExtensionRegistry *gDefaultExtensionRegistry = NULL;
114
115+ (void)initialize {
116  // Ensure the global is started up.
117  if (!gExtensionSingletonDictionary) {
118    gExtensionSingletonDictionarySemaphore = dispatch_semaphore_create(1);
119    CFDictionaryKeyCallBacks keyCallBacks = {
120      // See description above for reason for using custom dictionary.
121      0,
122      GPBRootExtensionKeyRetain,
123      GPBRootExtensionKeyRelease,
124      GPBRootExtensionCopyKeyDescription,
125      GPBRootExtensionKeyEqual,
126      GPBRootExtensionKeyHash,
127    };
128    gExtensionSingletonDictionary =
129        CFDictionaryCreateMutable(kCFAllocatorDefault, 0, &keyCallBacks,
130                                  &kCFTypeDictionaryValueCallBacks);
131    gDefaultExtensionRegistry = [[GPBExtensionRegistry alloc] init];
132  }
133
134  if ([self superclass] == [GPBRootObject class]) {
135    // This is here to start up all the per file "Root" subclasses.
136    // This must be done in initialize to enforce thread safety of start up of
137    // the protocol buffer library.
138    [self extensionRegistry];
139  }
140}
141
142+ (GPBExtensionRegistry *)extensionRegistry {
143  // Is overridden in all the subclasses that provide extensions to provide the
144  // per class one.
145  return gDefaultExtensionRegistry;
146}
147
148+ (void)globallyRegisterExtension:(GPBExtensionDescriptor *)field {
149  const char *key = [field singletonNameC];
150  dispatch_semaphore_wait(gExtensionSingletonDictionarySemaphore,
151                          DISPATCH_TIME_FOREVER);
152  CFDictionarySetValue(gExtensionSingletonDictionary, key, field);
153  dispatch_semaphore_signal(gExtensionSingletonDictionarySemaphore);
154}
155
156static id ExtensionForName(id self, SEL _cmd) {
157  // Really fast way of doing "classname_selName".
158  // This came up as a hotspot (creation of NSString *) when accessing a
159  // lot of extensions.
160  const char *selName = sel_getName(_cmd);
161  if (selName[0] == '_') {
162    return nil;  // Apple internal selector.
163  }
164  size_t selNameLen = 0;
165  while (1) {
166    char c = selName[selNameLen];
167    if (c == '\0') {  // String end.
168      break;
169    }
170    if (c == ':') {
171      return nil;  // Selector took an arg, not one of the runtime methods.
172    }
173    ++selNameLen;
174  }
175
176  const char *className = class_getName(self);
177  size_t classNameLen = strlen(className);
178  char key[classNameLen + selNameLen + 2];
179  memcpy(key, className, classNameLen);
180  key[classNameLen] = '_';
181  memcpy(&key[classNameLen + 1], selName, selNameLen);
182  key[classNameLen + 1 + selNameLen] = '\0';
183
184  // NOTE: Even though this method is called from another C function,
185  // gExtensionSingletonDictionarySemaphore and gExtensionSingletonDictionary
186  // will always be initialized. This is because this call flow is just to
187  // lookup the Extension, meaning the code is calling an Extension class
188  // message on a Message or Root class. This guarantees that the class was
189  // initialized and Message classes ensure their Root was also initialized.
190  NSAssert(gExtensionSingletonDictionary, @"Startup order broken!");
191
192  dispatch_semaphore_wait(gExtensionSingletonDictionarySemaphore,
193                          DISPATCH_TIME_FOREVER);
194  id extension = (id)CFDictionaryGetValue(gExtensionSingletonDictionary, key);
195  // We can't remove the key from the dictionary here (as an optimization),
196  // two threads could have gone into +resolveClassMethod: for the same method,
197  // and ended up here; there's no way to ensure both return YES without letting
198  // both try to wire in the method.
199  dispatch_semaphore_signal(gExtensionSingletonDictionarySemaphore);
200  return extension;
201}
202
203BOOL GPBResolveExtensionClassMethod(Class self, SEL sel) {
204  // Another option would be to register the extensions with the class at
205  // globallyRegisterExtension:
206  // Timing the two solutions, this solution turned out to be much faster
207  // and reduced startup time, and runtime memory.
208  // The advantage to globallyRegisterExtension is that it would reduce the
209  // size of the protos somewhat because the singletonNameC wouldn't need
210  // to include the class name. For a class with a lot of extensions it
211  // can add up. You could also significantly reduce the code complexity of this
212  // file.
213  id extension = ExtensionForName(self, sel);
214  if (extension != nil) {
215    const char *encoding =
216        GPBMessageEncodingForSelector(@selector(getClassValue), NO);
217    Class metaClass = objc_getMetaClass(class_getName(self));
218    IMP imp = imp_implementationWithBlock(^(id obj) {
219#pragma unused(obj)
220      return extension;
221    });
222    BOOL methodAdded = class_addMethod(metaClass, sel, imp, encoding);
223    // class_addMethod() is documented as also failing if the method was already
224    // added; so we check if the method is already there and return success so
225    // the method dispatch will still happen.  Why would it already be added?
226    // Two threads could cause the same method to be bound at the same time,
227    // but only one will actually bind it; the other still needs to return true
228    // so things will dispatch.
229    if (!methodAdded) {
230      methodAdded = GPBClassHasSel(metaClass, sel);
231    }
232    return methodAdded;
233  }
234  return NO;
235}
236
237
238+ (BOOL)resolveClassMethod:(SEL)sel {
239  if (GPBResolveExtensionClassMethod(self, sel)) {
240    return YES;
241  }
242  return [super resolveClassMethod:sel];
243}
244
245@end
246