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1 // -*- C++ -*-
2 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
3 //
4 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
5 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
6 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
7 //
8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
9 
10 #ifndef _LIBCPP___FORMAT_FORMATTER_INTEGRAL_H
11 #define _LIBCPP___FORMAT_FORMATTER_INTEGRAL_H
12 
13 #include <__charconv/to_chars_integral.h>
14 #include <__charconv/to_chars_result.h>
15 #include <__charconv/traits.h>
16 #include <__concepts/arithmetic.h>
17 #include <__concepts/same_as.h>
18 #include <__config>
19 #include <__format/concepts.h>
20 #include <__format/format_error.h>
21 #include <__format/formatter_output.h>
22 #include <__format/parser_std_format_spec.h>
23 #include <__system_error/errc.h>
24 #include <__type_traits/make_unsigned.h>
25 #include <__utility/unreachable.h>
26 #include <array>
27 #include <limits>
28 #include <string>
29 #include <string_view>
30 
31 #ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_LOCALIZATION
32 #  include <locale>
33 #endif
34 
35 #if !defined(_LIBCPP_HAS_NO_PRAGMA_SYSTEM_HEADER)
36 #  pragma GCC system_header
37 #endif
38 
39 _LIBCPP_PUSH_MACROS
40 #include <__undef_macros>
41 
42 _LIBCPP_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
43 
44 #if _LIBCPP_STD_VER >= 20
45 
46 namespace __formatter {
47 
48 //
49 // Generic
50 //
51 
__insert_sign(char * __buf,bool __negative,__format_spec::__sign __sign)52 _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline char* __insert_sign(char* __buf, bool __negative, __format_spec::__sign __sign) {
53   if (__negative)
54     *__buf++ = '-';
55   else
56     switch (__sign) {
57     case __format_spec::__sign::__default:
58     case __format_spec::__sign::__minus:
59       // No sign added.
60       break;
61     case __format_spec::__sign::__plus:
62       *__buf++ = '+';
63       break;
64     case __format_spec::__sign::__space:
65       *__buf++ = ' ';
66       break;
67     }
68 
69   return __buf;
70 }
71 
72 /**
73  * Determines the required grouping based on the size of the input.
74  *
75  * The grouping's last element will be repeated. For simplicity this repeating
76  * is unwrapped based on the length of the input. (When the input is short some
77  * groups are not processed.)
78  *
79  * @returns The size of the groups to write. This means the number of
80  * separator characters written is size() - 1.
81  *
82  * @note Since zero-sized groups cause issues they are silently ignored.
83  *
84  * @note The grouping field of the locale is always a @c std::string,
85  * regardless whether the @c std::numpunct's type is @c char or @c wchar_t.
86  */
__determine_grouping(ptrdiff_t __size,const string & __grouping)87 _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline string __determine_grouping(ptrdiff_t __size, const string& __grouping) {
88   _LIBCPP_ASSERT(!__grouping.empty() && __size > __grouping[0],
89                  "The slow grouping formatting is used while there will be no "
90                  "separators written");
91   string __r;
92   auto __end = __grouping.end() - 1;
93   auto __ptr = __grouping.begin();
94 
95   while (true) {
96     __size -= *__ptr;
97     if (__size > 0)
98       __r.push_back(*__ptr);
99     else {
100       // __size <= 0 so the value pushed will be <= *__ptr.
101       __r.push_back(*__ptr + __size);
102       return __r;
103     }
104 
105     // Proceed to the next group.
106     if (__ptr != __end) {
107       do {
108         ++__ptr;
109         // Skip grouping with a width of 0.
110       } while (*__ptr == 0 && __ptr != __end);
111     }
112   }
113 
114   __libcpp_unreachable();
115 }
116 
117 //
118 // Char
119 //
120 
121 template <__fmt_char_type _CharT>
122 _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI auto __format_char(
123     integral auto __value,
124     output_iterator<const _CharT&> auto __out_it,
125     __format_spec::__parsed_specifications<_CharT> __specs) -> decltype(__out_it) {
126   using _Tp = decltype(__value);
127   if constexpr (!same_as<_CharT, _Tp>) {
128     // cmp_less and cmp_greater can't be used for character types.
129     if constexpr (signed_integral<_CharT> == signed_integral<_Tp>) {
130       if (__value < numeric_limits<_CharT>::min() || __value > numeric_limits<_CharT>::max())
131         std::__throw_format_error("Integral value outside the range of the char type");
132     } else if constexpr (signed_integral<_CharT>) {
133       // _CharT is signed _Tp is unsigned
134       if (__value > static_cast<make_unsigned_t<_CharT>>(numeric_limits<_CharT>::max()))
135         std::__throw_format_error("Integral value outside the range of the char type");
136     } else {
137       // _CharT is unsigned _Tp is signed
138       if (__value < 0 || static_cast<make_unsigned_t<_Tp>>(__value) > numeric_limits<_CharT>::max())
139         std::__throw_format_error("Integral value outside the range of the char type");
140     }
141   }
142 
143   const auto __c = static_cast<_CharT>(__value);
144   return __formatter::__write(_VSTD::addressof(__c), _VSTD::addressof(__c) + 1, _VSTD::move(__out_it), __specs);
145 }
146 
147 //
148 // Integer
149 //
150 
151 /** Wrapper around @ref to_chars, returning the output pointer. */
152 template <integral _Tp>
__to_buffer(char * __first,char * __last,_Tp __value,int __base)153 _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI char* __to_buffer(char* __first, char* __last, _Tp __value, int __base) {
154   // TODO FMT Evaluate code overhead due to not calling the internal function
155   // directly. (Should be zero overhead.)
156   to_chars_result __r = _VSTD::to_chars(__first, __last, __value, __base);
157   _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__r.ec == errc(0), "Internal buffer too small");
158   return __r.ptr;
159 }
160 
161 /**
162  * Helper to determine the buffer size to output a integer in Base @em x.
163  *
164  * There are several overloads for the supported bases. The function uses the
165  * base as template argument so it can be used in a constant expression.
166  */
167 template <unsigned_integral _Tp, size_t _Base>
__buffer_size()168 consteval size_t __buffer_size() noexcept
169   requires(_Base == 2)
170 {
171   return numeric_limits<_Tp>::digits // The number of binary digits.
172        + 2                           // Reserve space for the '0[Bb]' prefix.
173        + 1;                          // Reserve space for the sign.
174 }
175 
176 template <unsigned_integral _Tp, size_t _Base>
__buffer_size()177 consteval size_t __buffer_size() noexcept
178   requires(_Base == 8)
179 {
180   return numeric_limits<_Tp>::digits // The number of binary digits.
181            / 3                       // Adjust to octal.
182        + 1                           // Turn floor to ceil.
183        + 1                           // Reserve space for the '0' prefix.
184        + 1;                          // Reserve space for the sign.
185 }
186 
187 template <unsigned_integral _Tp, size_t _Base>
__buffer_size()188 consteval size_t __buffer_size() noexcept
189   requires(_Base == 10)
190 {
191   return numeric_limits<_Tp>::digits10 // The floored value.
192        + 1                             // Turn floor to ceil.
193        + 1;                            // Reserve space for the sign.
194 }
195 
196 template <unsigned_integral _Tp, size_t _Base>
__buffer_size()197 consteval size_t __buffer_size() noexcept
198   requires(_Base == 16)
199 {
200   return numeric_limits<_Tp>::digits // The number of binary digits.
201            / 4                       // Adjust to hexadecimal.
202        + 2                           // Reserve space for the '0[Xx]' prefix.
203        + 1;                          // Reserve space for the sign.
204 }
205 
206 template <unsigned_integral _Tp, class _CharT>
207 _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI auto __format_integer(
208     _Tp __value,
209     auto& __ctx,
210     __format_spec::__parsed_specifications<_CharT> __specs,
211     bool __negative,
212     char* __begin,
213     char* __end,
214     const char* __prefix,
215     int __base) -> decltype(__ctx.out()) {
216   char* __first = __formatter::__insert_sign(__begin, __negative, __specs.__std_.__sign_);
217   if (__specs.__std_.__alternate_form_ && __prefix)
218     while (*__prefix)
219       *__first++ = *__prefix++;
220 
221   char* __last = __formatter::__to_buffer(__first, __end, __value, __base);
222 
223 #  ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_LOCALIZATION
224   if (__specs.__std_.__locale_specific_form_) {
225     const auto& __np  = std::use_facet<numpunct<_CharT>>(__ctx.locale());
226     string __grouping = __np.grouping();
227     ptrdiff_t __size  = __last - __first;
228     // Writing the grouped form has more overhead than the normal output
229     // routines. If there will be no separators written the locale-specific
230     // form is identical to the normal routine. Test whether to grouped form
231     // is required.
232     if (!__grouping.empty() && __size > __grouping[0])
233       return __formatter::__write_using_decimal_separators(
234           __ctx.out(),
235           __begin,
236           __first,
237           __last,
238           __formatter::__determine_grouping(__size, __grouping),
239           __np.thousands_sep(),
240           __specs);
241   }
242 #  endif
243   auto __out_it = __ctx.out();
244   if (__specs.__alignment_ != __format_spec::__alignment::__zero_padding)
245     __first = __begin;
246   else {
247     // __buf contains [sign][prefix]data
248     //                              ^ location of __first
249     // The zero padding is done like:
250     // - Write [sign][prefix]
251     // - Write data right aligned with '0' as fill character.
252     __out_it             = __formatter::__copy(__begin, __first, _VSTD::move(__out_it));
253     __specs.__alignment_ = __format_spec::__alignment::__right;
254     __specs.__fill_      = _CharT('0');
255     int32_t __size       = __first - __begin;
256 
257     __specs.__width_ -= _VSTD::min(__size, __specs.__width_);
258   }
259 
260   if (__specs.__std_.__type_ != __format_spec::__type::__hexadecimal_upper_case) [[likely]]
261     return __formatter::__write(__first, __last, __ctx.out(), __specs);
262 
263   return __formatter::__write_transformed(__first, __last, __ctx.out(), __specs, __formatter::__hex_to_upper);
264 }
265 
266 template <unsigned_integral _Tp, class _CharT>
267 _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI auto __format_integer(
268     _Tp __value, auto& __ctx, __format_spec::__parsed_specifications<_CharT> __specs, bool __negative = false)
269     -> decltype(__ctx.out()) {
270   switch (__specs.__std_.__type_) {
271   case __format_spec::__type::__binary_lower_case: {
272     array<char, __formatter::__buffer_size<decltype(__value), 2>()> __array;
273     return __formatter::__format_integer(__value, __ctx, __specs, __negative, __array.begin(), __array.end(), "0b", 2);
274   }
275   case __format_spec::__type::__binary_upper_case: {
276     array<char, __formatter::__buffer_size<decltype(__value), 2>()> __array;
277     return __formatter::__format_integer(__value, __ctx, __specs, __negative, __array.begin(), __array.end(), "0B", 2);
278   }
279   case __format_spec::__type::__octal: {
280     // Octal is special; if __value == 0 there's no prefix.
281     array<char, __formatter::__buffer_size<decltype(__value), 8>()> __array;
282     return __formatter::__format_integer(
283         __value, __ctx, __specs, __negative, __array.begin(), __array.end(), __value != 0 ? "0" : nullptr, 8);
284   }
285   case __format_spec::__type::__default:
286   case __format_spec::__type::__decimal: {
287     array<char, __formatter::__buffer_size<decltype(__value), 10>()> __array;
288     return __formatter::__format_integer(
289         __value, __ctx, __specs, __negative, __array.begin(), __array.end(), nullptr, 10);
290   }
291   case __format_spec::__type::__hexadecimal_lower_case: {
292     array<char, __formatter::__buffer_size<decltype(__value), 16>()> __array;
293     return __formatter::__format_integer(__value, __ctx, __specs, __negative, __array.begin(), __array.end(), "0x", 16);
294   }
295   case __format_spec::__type::__hexadecimal_upper_case: {
296     array<char, __formatter::__buffer_size<decltype(__value), 16>()> __array;
297     return __formatter::__format_integer(__value, __ctx, __specs, __negative, __array.begin(), __array.end(), "0X", 16);
298   }
299   default:
300     _LIBCPP_ASSERT(false, "The parse function should have validated the type");
301     __libcpp_unreachable();
302   }
303 }
304 
305 template <signed_integral _Tp, class _CharT>
306 _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI auto
307 __format_integer(_Tp __value, auto& __ctx, __format_spec::__parsed_specifications<_CharT> __specs)
308     -> decltype(__ctx.out()) {
309   // Depending on the std-format-spec string the sign and the value
310   // might not be outputted together:
311   // - alternate form may insert a prefix string.
312   // - zero-padding may insert additional '0' characters.
313   // Therefore the value is processed as a positive unsigned value.
314   // The function @ref __insert_sign will a '-' when the value was negative.
315   auto __r        = std::__to_unsigned_like(__value);
316   bool __negative = __value < 0;
317   if (__negative)
318     __r = std::__complement(__r);
319 
320   return __formatter::__format_integer(__r, __ctx, __specs, __negative);
321 }
322 
323 //
324 // Formatter arithmetic (bool)
325 //
326 
327 template <class _CharT>
328 struct _LIBCPP_TEMPLATE_VIS __bool_strings;
329 
330 template <>
331 struct _LIBCPP_TEMPLATE_VIS __bool_strings<char> {
332   static constexpr string_view __true{"true"};
333   static constexpr string_view __false{"false"};
334 };
335 
336 #  ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_WIDE_CHARACTERS
337 template <>
338 struct _LIBCPP_TEMPLATE_VIS __bool_strings<wchar_t> {
339   static constexpr wstring_view __true{L"true"};
340   static constexpr wstring_view __false{L"false"};
341 };
342 #  endif
343 
344 template <class _CharT>
345 _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI auto
346 __format_bool(bool __value, auto& __ctx, __format_spec::__parsed_specifications<_CharT> __specs)
347     -> decltype(__ctx.out()) {
348 #  ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_LOCALIZATION
349   if (__specs.__std_.__locale_specific_form_) {
350     const auto& __np           = std::use_facet<numpunct<_CharT>>(__ctx.locale());
351     basic_string<_CharT> __str = __value ? __np.truename() : __np.falsename();
352     return __formatter::__write_string_no_precision(basic_string_view<_CharT>{__str}, __ctx.out(), __specs);
353   }
354 #  endif
355   basic_string_view<_CharT> __str =
356       __value ? __formatter::__bool_strings<_CharT>::__true : __formatter::__bool_strings<_CharT>::__false;
357   return __formatter::__write(__str.begin(), __str.end(), __ctx.out(), __specs);
358 }
359 
360 } // namespace __formatter
361 
362 #endif //_LIBCPP_STD_VER >= 20
363 
364 _LIBCPP_END_NAMESPACE_STD
365 
366 _LIBCPP_POP_MACROS
367 
368 #endif // _LIBCPP___FORMAT_FORMATTER_INTEGRAL_H
369