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1 //===- iterator.h - Utilities for using and defining iterators --*- C++ -*-===//
2 //
3 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
4 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
5 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
6 //
7 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
8 
9 #ifndef LLVM_ADT_ITERATOR_H
10 #define LLVM_ADT_ITERATOR_H
11 
12 #include "llvm/ADT/iterator_range.h"
13 #include <algorithm>
14 #include <cstddef>
15 #include <iterator>
16 #include <type_traits>
17 #include <utility>
18 
19 namespace llvm {
20 
21 /// CRTP base class which implements the entire standard iterator facade
22 /// in terms of a minimal subset of the interface.
23 ///
24 /// Use this when it is reasonable to implement most of the iterator
25 /// functionality in terms of a core subset. If you need special behavior or
26 /// there are performance implications for this, you may want to override the
27 /// relevant members instead.
28 ///
29 /// Note, one abstraction that this does *not* provide is implementing
30 /// subtraction in terms of addition by negating the difference. Negation isn't
31 /// always information preserving, and I can see very reasonable iterator
32 /// designs where this doesn't work well. It doesn't really force much added
33 /// boilerplate anyways.
34 ///
35 /// Another abstraction that this doesn't provide is implementing increment in
36 /// terms of addition of one. These aren't equivalent for all iterator
37 /// categories, and respecting that adds a lot of complexity for little gain.
38 ///
39 /// Classes wishing to use `iterator_facade_base` should implement the following
40 /// methods:
41 ///
42 /// Forward Iterators:
43 ///   (All of the following methods)
44 ///   - DerivedT &operator=(const DerivedT &R);
45 ///   - bool operator==(const DerivedT &R) const;
46 ///   - const T &operator*() const;
47 ///   - T &operator*();
48 ///   - DerivedT &operator++();
49 ///
50 /// Bidirectional Iterators:
51 ///   (All methods of forward iterators, plus the following)
52 ///   - DerivedT &operator--();
53 ///
54 /// Random-access Iterators:
55 ///   (All methods of bidirectional iterators excluding the following)
56 ///   - DerivedT &operator++();
57 ///   - DerivedT &operator--();
58 ///   (and plus the following)
59 ///   - bool operator<(const DerivedT &RHS) const;
60 ///   - DifferenceTypeT operator-(const DerivedT &R) const;
61 ///   - DerivedT &operator+=(DifferenceTypeT N);
62 ///   - DerivedT &operator-=(DifferenceTypeT N);
63 ///
64 template <typename DerivedT, typename IteratorCategoryT, typename T,
65           typename DifferenceTypeT = std::ptrdiff_t, typename PointerT = T *,
66           typename ReferenceT = T &>
67 class iterator_facade_base {
68 protected:
69   enum {
70     IsRandomAccess = std::is_base_of<std::random_access_iterator_tag,
71                                      IteratorCategoryT>::value,
72     IsBidirectional = std::is_base_of<std::bidirectional_iterator_tag,
73                                       IteratorCategoryT>::value,
74   };
75 
76   /// A proxy object for computing a reference via indirecting a copy of an
77   /// iterator. This is used in APIs which need to produce a reference via
78   /// indirection but for which the iterator object might be a temporary. The
79   /// proxy preserves the iterator internally and exposes the indirected
80   /// reference via a conversion operator.
81   class ReferenceProxy {
82     friend iterator_facade_base;
83 
84     DerivedT I;
85 
ReferenceProxy(DerivedT I)86     ReferenceProxy(DerivedT I) : I(std::move(I)) {}
87 
88   public:
ReferenceT()89     operator ReferenceT() const { return *I; }
90   };
91 
92 public:
93   using iterator_category = IteratorCategoryT;
94   using value_type = T;
95   using difference_type = DifferenceTypeT;
96   using pointer = PointerT;
97   using reference = ReferenceT;
98 
99   DerivedT operator+(DifferenceTypeT n) const {
100     static_assert(std::is_base_of<iterator_facade_base, DerivedT>::value,
101                   "Must pass the derived type to this template!");
102     static_assert(
103         IsRandomAccess,
104         "The '+' operator is only defined for random access iterators.");
105     DerivedT tmp = *static_cast<const DerivedT *>(this);
106     tmp += n;
107     return tmp;
108   }
109   friend DerivedT operator+(DifferenceTypeT n, const DerivedT &i) {
110     static_assert(
111         IsRandomAccess,
112         "The '+' operator is only defined for random access iterators.");
113     return i + n;
114   }
115   DerivedT operator-(DifferenceTypeT n) const {
116     static_assert(
117         IsRandomAccess,
118         "The '-' operator is only defined for random access iterators.");
119     DerivedT tmp = *static_cast<const DerivedT *>(this);
120     tmp -= n;
121     return tmp;
122   }
123 
124   DerivedT &operator++() {
125     static_assert(std::is_base_of<iterator_facade_base, DerivedT>::value,
126                   "Must pass the derived type to this template!");
127     return static_cast<DerivedT *>(this)->operator+=(1);
128   }
129   DerivedT operator++(int) {
130     DerivedT tmp = *static_cast<DerivedT *>(this);
131     ++*static_cast<DerivedT *>(this);
132     return tmp;
133   }
134   DerivedT &operator--() {
135     static_assert(
136         IsBidirectional,
137         "The decrement operator is only defined for bidirectional iterators.");
138     return static_cast<DerivedT *>(this)->operator-=(1);
139   }
140   DerivedT operator--(int) {
141     static_assert(
142         IsBidirectional,
143         "The decrement operator is only defined for bidirectional iterators.");
144     DerivedT tmp = *static_cast<DerivedT *>(this);
145     --*static_cast<DerivedT *>(this);
146     return tmp;
147   }
148 
149 #ifndef __cpp_impl_three_way_comparison
150   bool operator!=(const DerivedT &RHS) const {
151     return !(static_cast<const DerivedT &>(*this) == RHS);
152   }
153 #endif
154 
155   bool operator>(const DerivedT &RHS) const {
156     static_assert(
157         IsRandomAccess,
158         "Relational operators are only defined for random access iterators.");
159     return !(static_cast<const DerivedT &>(*this) < RHS) &&
160            !(static_cast<const DerivedT &>(*this) == RHS);
161   }
162   bool operator<=(const DerivedT &RHS) const {
163     static_assert(
164         IsRandomAccess,
165         "Relational operators are only defined for random access iterators.");
166     return !(static_cast<const DerivedT &>(*this) > RHS);
167   }
168   bool operator>=(const DerivedT &RHS) const {
169     static_assert(
170         IsRandomAccess,
171         "Relational operators are only defined for random access iterators.");
172    return !(static_cast<const DerivedT &>(*this) < RHS);
173   }
174 
175   PointerT operator->() { return &static_cast<DerivedT *>(this)->operator*(); }
176   PointerT operator->() const {
177     return &static_cast<const DerivedT *>(this)->operator*();
178   }
179   ReferenceProxy operator[](DifferenceTypeT n) {
180     static_assert(IsRandomAccess,
181                   "Subscripting is only defined for random access iterators.");
182     return ReferenceProxy(static_cast<DerivedT *>(this)->operator+(n));
183   }
184   ReferenceProxy operator[](DifferenceTypeT n) const {
185     static_assert(IsRandomAccess,
186                   "Subscripting is only defined for random access iterators.");
187     return ReferenceProxy(static_cast<const DerivedT *>(this)->operator+(n));
188   }
189 };
190 
191 /// CRTP base class for adapting an iterator to a different type.
192 ///
193 /// This class can be used through CRTP to adapt one iterator into another.
194 /// Typically this is done through providing in the derived class a custom \c
195 /// operator* implementation. Other methods can be overridden as well.
196 template <
197     typename DerivedT, typename WrappedIteratorT,
198     typename IteratorCategoryT =
199         typename std::iterator_traits<WrappedIteratorT>::iterator_category,
200     typename T = typename std::iterator_traits<WrappedIteratorT>::value_type,
201     typename DifferenceTypeT =
202         typename std::iterator_traits<WrappedIteratorT>::difference_type,
203     typename PointerT = typename std::conditional<
204         std::is_same<T, typename std::iterator_traits<
205                             WrappedIteratorT>::value_type>::value,
206         typename std::iterator_traits<WrappedIteratorT>::pointer, T *>::type,
207     typename ReferenceT = typename std::conditional<
208         std::is_same<T, typename std::iterator_traits<
209                             WrappedIteratorT>::value_type>::value,
210         typename std::iterator_traits<WrappedIteratorT>::reference, T &>::type>
211 class iterator_adaptor_base
212     : public iterator_facade_base<DerivedT, IteratorCategoryT, T,
213                                   DifferenceTypeT, PointerT, ReferenceT> {
214   using BaseT = typename iterator_adaptor_base::iterator_facade_base;
215 
216 protected:
217   WrappedIteratorT I;
218 
219   iterator_adaptor_base() = default;
220 
iterator_adaptor_base(WrappedIteratorT u)221   explicit iterator_adaptor_base(WrappedIteratorT u) : I(std::move(u)) {
222     static_assert(std::is_base_of<iterator_adaptor_base, DerivedT>::value,
223                   "Must pass the derived type to this template!");
224   }
225 
wrapped()226   const WrappedIteratorT &wrapped() const { return I; }
227 
228 public:
229   using difference_type = DifferenceTypeT;
230 
231   DerivedT &operator+=(difference_type n) {
232     static_assert(
233         BaseT::IsRandomAccess,
234         "The '+=' operator is only defined for random access iterators.");
235     I += n;
236     return *static_cast<DerivedT *>(this);
237   }
238   DerivedT &operator-=(difference_type n) {
239     static_assert(
240         BaseT::IsRandomAccess,
241         "The '-=' operator is only defined for random access iterators.");
242     I -= n;
243     return *static_cast<DerivedT *>(this);
244   }
245   using BaseT::operator-;
246   difference_type operator-(const DerivedT &RHS) const {
247     static_assert(
248         BaseT::IsRandomAccess,
249         "The '-' operator is only defined for random access iterators.");
250     return I - RHS.I;
251   }
252 
253   // We have to explicitly provide ++ and -- rather than letting the facade
254   // forward to += because WrappedIteratorT might not support +=.
255   using BaseT::operator++;
256   DerivedT &operator++() {
257     ++I;
258     return *static_cast<DerivedT *>(this);
259   }
260   using BaseT::operator--;
261   DerivedT &operator--() {
262     static_assert(
263         BaseT::IsBidirectional,
264         "The decrement operator is only defined for bidirectional iterators.");
265     --I;
266     return *static_cast<DerivedT *>(this);
267   }
268 
269   friend bool operator==(const iterator_adaptor_base &LHS,
270                          const iterator_adaptor_base &RHS) {
271     return LHS.I == RHS.I;
272   }
273   friend bool operator<(const iterator_adaptor_base &LHS,
274                         const iterator_adaptor_base &RHS) {
275     static_assert(
276         BaseT::IsRandomAccess,
277         "Relational operators are only defined for random access iterators.");
278     return LHS.I < RHS.I;
279   }
280 
281   ReferenceT operator*() const { return *I; }
282 };
283 
284 /// An iterator type that allows iterating over the pointees via some
285 /// other iterator.
286 ///
287 /// The typical usage of this is to expose a type that iterates over Ts, but
288 /// which is implemented with some iterator over T*s:
289 ///
290 /// \code
291 ///   using iterator = pointee_iterator<SmallVectorImpl<T *>::iterator>;
292 /// \endcode
293 template <typename WrappedIteratorT,
294           typename T = typename std::remove_reference<
295               decltype(**std::declval<WrappedIteratorT>())>::type>
296 struct pointee_iterator
297     : iterator_adaptor_base<
298           pointee_iterator<WrappedIteratorT, T>, WrappedIteratorT,
299           typename std::iterator_traits<WrappedIteratorT>::iterator_category,
300           T> {
301   pointee_iterator() = default;
302   template <typename U>
pointee_iteratorpointee_iterator303   pointee_iterator(U &&u)
304       : pointee_iterator::iterator_adaptor_base(std::forward<U &&>(u)) {}
305 
306   T &operator*() const { return **this->I; }
307 };
308 
309 template <typename RangeT, typename WrappedIteratorT =
310                                decltype(std::begin(std::declval<RangeT>()))>
311 iterator_range<pointee_iterator<WrappedIteratorT>>
make_pointee_range(RangeT && Range)312 make_pointee_range(RangeT &&Range) {
313   using PointeeIteratorT = pointee_iterator<WrappedIteratorT>;
314   return make_range(PointeeIteratorT(std::begin(std::forward<RangeT>(Range))),
315                     PointeeIteratorT(std::end(std::forward<RangeT>(Range))));
316 }
317 
318 template <typename WrappedIteratorT,
319           typename T = decltype(&*std::declval<WrappedIteratorT>())>
320 class pointer_iterator
321     : public iterator_adaptor_base<
322           pointer_iterator<WrappedIteratorT, T>, WrappedIteratorT,
323           typename std::iterator_traits<WrappedIteratorT>::iterator_category,
324           T> {
325   mutable T Ptr;
326 
327 public:
328   pointer_iterator() = default;
329 
pointer_iterator(WrappedIteratorT u)330   explicit pointer_iterator(WrappedIteratorT u)
331       : pointer_iterator::iterator_adaptor_base(std::move(u)) {}
332 
333   T &operator*() { return Ptr = &*this->I; }
334   const T &operator*() const { return Ptr = &*this->I; }
335 };
336 
337 template <typename RangeT, typename WrappedIteratorT =
338                                decltype(std::begin(std::declval<RangeT>()))>
339 iterator_range<pointer_iterator<WrappedIteratorT>>
make_pointer_range(RangeT && Range)340 make_pointer_range(RangeT &&Range) {
341   using PointerIteratorT = pointer_iterator<WrappedIteratorT>;
342   return make_range(PointerIteratorT(std::begin(std::forward<RangeT>(Range))),
343                     PointerIteratorT(std::end(std::forward<RangeT>(Range))));
344 }
345 
346 template <typename WrappedIteratorT,
347           typename T1 = typename std::remove_reference<decltype(**std::declval<WrappedIteratorT>())>::type,
348           typename T2 = typename std::add_pointer<T1>::type>
349 using raw_pointer_iterator = pointer_iterator<pointee_iterator<WrappedIteratorT, T1>, T2>;
350 
351 // Wrapper iterator over iterator ItType, adding DataRef to the type of ItType,
352 // to create NodeRef = std::pair<InnerTypeOfItType, DataRef>.
353 template <typename ItType, typename NodeRef, typename DataRef>
354 class WrappedPairNodeDataIterator
355     : public iterator_adaptor_base<
356           WrappedPairNodeDataIterator<ItType, NodeRef, DataRef>, ItType,
357           typename std::iterator_traits<ItType>::iterator_category, NodeRef,
358           std::ptrdiff_t, NodeRef *, NodeRef &> {
359   using BaseT = iterator_adaptor_base<
360       WrappedPairNodeDataIterator, ItType,
361       typename std::iterator_traits<ItType>::iterator_category, NodeRef,
362       std::ptrdiff_t, NodeRef *, NodeRef &>;
363 
364   const DataRef DR;
365   mutable NodeRef NR;
366 
367 public:
WrappedPairNodeDataIterator(ItType Begin,const DataRef DR)368   WrappedPairNodeDataIterator(ItType Begin, const DataRef DR)
369       : BaseT(Begin), DR(DR) {
370     NR.first = DR;
371   }
372 
373   NodeRef &operator*() const {
374     NR.second = *this->I;
375     return NR;
376   }
377 };
378 
379 } // end namespace llvm
380 
381 #endif // LLVM_ADT_ITERATOR_H
382