1 /* 2 * Copyright (C) 2007 The Android Open Source Project 3 * 4 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); 5 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. 6 * You may obtain a copy of the License at 7 * 8 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 9 * 10 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software 11 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, 12 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. 13 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and 14 * limitations under the License. 15 */ 16 17 package android.os; 18 19 import android.Manifest; 20 import android.annotation.NonNull; 21 import android.annotation.Nullable; 22 import android.annotation.RequiresPermission; 23 import android.annotation.SuppressAutoDoc; 24 import android.annotation.SystemApi; 25 import android.annotation.TestApi; 26 import android.app.ActivityThread; 27 import android.app.Application; 28 import android.compat.annotation.UnsupportedAppUsage; 29 import android.content.Context; 30 import android.ravenwood.annotation.RavenwoodKeepWholeClass; 31 import android.sysprop.DeviceProperties; 32 import android.sysprop.SocProperties; 33 import android.sysprop.TelephonyProperties; 34 import android.text.TextUtils; 35 import android.util.ArraySet; 36 import android.util.Slog; 37 import android.view.View; 38 39 import com.android.internal.ravenwood.RavenwoodEnvironment; 40 41 import dalvik.system.VMRuntime; 42 43 import java.util.ArrayList; 44 import java.util.List; 45 import java.util.Objects; 46 import java.util.Set; 47 import java.util.stream.Collectors; 48 49 /** 50 * Information about the current build, extracted from system properties. 51 */ 52 @RavenwoodKeepWholeClass 53 public class Build { 54 static { 55 // Set up the default system properties. RavenwoodEnvironment.ensureRavenwoodInitialized()56 RavenwoodEnvironment.ensureRavenwoodInitialized(); 57 } 58 private static final String TAG = "Build"; 59 60 /** Value used for when a build property is unknown. */ 61 public static final String UNKNOWN = "unknown"; 62 63 /** Either a changelist number, or a label like "M4-rc20". */ 64 public static final String ID = getString("ro.build.id"); 65 66 /** A build ID string meant for displaying to the user */ 67 public static final String DISPLAY = getString("ro.build.display.id"); 68 69 /** The name of the overall product. */ 70 public static final String PRODUCT = getString("ro.product.name"); 71 72 /** 73 * The product name for attestation. In non-default builds (like the AOSP build) the value of 74 * the 'PRODUCT' system property may be different to the one provisioned to KeyMint, 75 * and Keymint attestation would still attest to the product name which was provisioned. 76 * @hide 77 */ 78 @Nullable 79 @TestApi 80 public static final String PRODUCT_FOR_ATTESTATION = getVendorDeviceIdProperty("name"); 81 82 /** The name of the industrial design. */ 83 public static final String DEVICE = getString("ro.product.device"); 84 85 /** 86 * The device name for attestation. In non-default builds (like the AOSP build) the value of 87 * the 'DEVICE' system property may be different to the one provisioned to KeyMint, 88 * and Keymint attestation would still attest to the device name which was provisioned. 89 * @hide 90 */ 91 @Nullable 92 @TestApi 93 public static final String DEVICE_FOR_ATTESTATION = 94 getVendorDeviceIdProperty("device"); 95 96 /** The name of the underlying board, like "goldfish". */ 97 public static final String BOARD = getString("ro.product.board"); 98 99 /** 100 * The name of the instruction set (CPU type + ABI convention) of native code. 101 * 102 * @deprecated Use {@link #SUPPORTED_ABIS} instead. 103 */ 104 @Deprecated 105 public static final String CPU_ABI; 106 107 /** 108 * The name of the second instruction set (CPU type + ABI convention) of native code. 109 * 110 * @deprecated Use {@link #SUPPORTED_ABIS} instead. 111 */ 112 @Deprecated 113 public static final String CPU_ABI2; 114 115 /** The manufacturer of the product/hardware. */ 116 public static final String MANUFACTURER = getString("ro.product.manufacturer"); 117 118 /** 119 * The manufacturer name for attestation. In non-default builds (like the AOSP build) the value 120 * of the 'MANUFACTURER' system property may be different to the one provisioned to KeyMint, 121 * and Keymint attestation would still attest to the manufacturer which was provisioned. 122 * @hide 123 */ 124 @Nullable 125 @TestApi 126 public static final String MANUFACTURER_FOR_ATTESTATION = 127 getVendorDeviceIdProperty("manufacturer"); 128 129 /** The consumer-visible brand with which the product/hardware will be associated, if any. */ 130 public static final String BRAND = getString("ro.product.brand"); 131 132 /** 133 * The product brand for attestation. In non-default builds (like the AOSP build) the value of 134 * the 'BRAND' system property may be different to the one provisioned to KeyMint, 135 * and Keymint attestation would still attest to the product brand which was provisioned. 136 * @hide 137 */ 138 @Nullable 139 @TestApi 140 public static final String BRAND_FOR_ATTESTATION = getVendorDeviceIdProperty("brand"); 141 142 /** The end-user-visible name for the end product. */ 143 public static final String MODEL = getString("ro.product.model"); 144 145 /** 146 * The product model for attestation. In non-default builds (like the AOSP build) the value of 147 * the 'MODEL' system property may be different to the one provisioned to KeyMint, 148 * and Keymint attestation would still attest to the product model which was provisioned. 149 * @hide 150 */ 151 @Nullable 152 @TestApi 153 public static final String MODEL_FOR_ATTESTATION = getVendorDeviceIdProperty("model"); 154 155 /** The manufacturer of the device's primary system-on-chip. */ 156 @NonNull 157 public static final String SOC_MANUFACTURER = SocProperties.soc_manufacturer().orElse(UNKNOWN); 158 159 /** The model name of the device's primary system-on-chip. */ 160 @NonNull 161 public static final String SOC_MODEL = SocProperties.soc_model().orElse(UNKNOWN); 162 163 /** The system bootloader version number. */ 164 public static final String BOOTLOADER = getString("ro.bootloader"); 165 166 /** 167 * The radio firmware version number. 168 * 169 * @deprecated The radio firmware version is frequently not 170 * available when this class is initialized, leading to a blank or 171 * "unknown" value for this string. Use 172 * {@link #getRadioVersion} instead. 173 */ 174 @Deprecated 175 public static final String RADIO = joinListOrElse( 176 TelephonyProperties.baseband_version(), UNKNOWN); 177 178 /** The name of the hardware (from the kernel command line or /proc). */ 179 public static final String HARDWARE = getString("ro.hardware"); 180 181 /** 182 * The SKU of the hardware (from the kernel command line). 183 * 184 * <p>The SKU is reported by the bootloader to configure system software features. 185 * If no value is supplied by the bootloader, this is reported as {@link #UNKNOWN}. 186 187 */ 188 @NonNull 189 public static final String SKU = getString("ro.boot.hardware.sku"); 190 191 /** 192 * The SKU of the device as set by the original design manufacturer (ODM). 193 * 194 * <p>This is a runtime-initialized property set during startup to configure device 195 * services. If no value is set, this is reported as {@link #UNKNOWN}. 196 * 197 * <p>The ODM SKU may have multiple variants for the same system SKU in case a manufacturer 198 * produces variants of the same design. For example, the same build may be released with 199 * variations in physical keyboard and/or display hardware, each with a different ODM SKU. 200 */ 201 @NonNull 202 public static final String ODM_SKU = getString("ro.boot.product.hardware.sku"); 203 204 /** 205 * Whether this build was for an emulator device. 206 * @hide 207 */ 208 @UnsupportedAppUsage 209 @TestApi 210 public static final boolean IS_EMULATOR = getString("ro.boot.qemu").equals("1"); 211 212 /** 213 * A hardware serial number, if available. Alphanumeric only, case-insensitive. 214 * This field is always set to {@link Build#UNKNOWN}. 215 * 216 * @deprecated Use {@link #getSerial()} instead. 217 **/ 218 @Deprecated 219 // IMPORTANT: This field should be initialized via a function call to 220 // prevent its value being inlined in the app during compilation because 221 // we will later set it to the value based on the app's target SDK. 222 public static final String SERIAL = getString("no.such.thing"); 223 224 /** 225 * Gets the hardware serial number, if available. 226 * 227 * <p class="note"><b>Note:</b> Root access may allow you to modify device identifiers, such as 228 * the hardware serial number. If you change these identifiers, you can not use 229 * <a href="/training/articles/security-key-attestation.html">key attestation</a> to obtain 230 * proof of the device's original identifiers. KeyMint will reject an ID attestation request 231 * if the identifiers provided by the frameworks do not match the identifiers it was 232 * provisioned with. 233 * 234 * <p>Starting with API level 29, persistent device identifiers are guarded behind additional 235 * restrictions, and apps are recommended to use resettable identifiers (see <a 236 * href="/training/articles/user-data-ids">Best practices for unique identifiers</a>). This 237 * method can be invoked if one of the following requirements is met: 238 * <ul> 239 * <li>If the calling app has been granted the READ_PRIVILEGED_PHONE_STATE permission; this 240 * is a privileged permission that can only be granted to apps preloaded on the device. 241 * <li>If the calling app has carrier privileges (see {@link 242 * android.telephony.TelephonyManager#hasCarrierPrivileges}) on any active subscription. 243 * <li>If the calling app is the default SMS role holder (see {@link 244 * android.app.role.RoleManager#isRoleHeld(String)}). 245 * <li>If the calling app is the device owner of a fully-managed device, a profile 246 * owner of an organization-owned device, or their delegates (see {@link 247 * android.app.admin.DevicePolicyManager#getEnrollmentSpecificId()}). 248 * </ul> 249 * 250 * <p>If the calling app does not meet one of these requirements then this method will behave 251 * as follows: 252 * 253 * <ul> 254 * <li>If the calling app's target SDK is API level 28 or lower and the app has the 255 * READ_PHONE_STATE permission then {@link Build#UNKNOWN} is returned.</li> 256 * <li>If the calling app's target SDK is API level 28 or lower and the app does not have 257 * the READ_PHONE_STATE permission, or if the calling app is targeting API level 29 or 258 * higher, then a SecurityException is thrown.</li> 259 * </ul> 260 * 261 * @return The serial number if specified. 262 */ 263 @SuppressAutoDoc // No support for device / profile owner. 264 @RequiresPermission(Manifest.permission.READ_PRIVILEGED_PHONE_STATE) getSerial()265 public static String getSerial() { 266 IDeviceIdentifiersPolicyService service = IDeviceIdentifiersPolicyService.Stub 267 .asInterface(ServiceManager.getService(Context.DEVICE_IDENTIFIERS_SERVICE)); 268 try { 269 Application application = ActivityThread.currentApplication(); 270 String callingPackage = application != null ? application.getPackageName() : null; 271 return service.getSerialForPackage(callingPackage, null); 272 } catch (RemoteException e) { 273 e.rethrowFromSystemServer(); 274 } 275 return UNKNOWN; 276 } 277 278 /** 279 * An ordered list of ABIs supported by this device. The most preferred ABI is the first 280 * element in the list. 281 * 282 * See {@link #SUPPORTED_32_BIT_ABIS} and {@link #SUPPORTED_64_BIT_ABIS}. 283 */ 284 public static final String[] SUPPORTED_ABIS = getStringList("ro.product.cpu.abilist", ","); 285 286 /** 287 * An ordered list of <b>32 bit</b> ABIs supported by this device. The most preferred ABI 288 * is the first element in the list. 289 * 290 * See {@link #SUPPORTED_ABIS} and {@link #SUPPORTED_64_BIT_ABIS}. 291 */ 292 public static final String[] SUPPORTED_32_BIT_ABIS = 293 getStringList("ro.product.cpu.abilist32", ","); 294 295 /** 296 * An ordered list of <b>64 bit</b> ABIs supported by this device. The most preferred ABI 297 * is the first element in the list. 298 * 299 * See {@link #SUPPORTED_ABIS} and {@link #SUPPORTED_32_BIT_ABIS}. 300 */ 301 public static final String[] SUPPORTED_64_BIT_ABIS = 302 getStringList("ro.product.cpu.abilist64", ","); 303 304 /** {@hide} */ 305 @TestApi is64BitAbi(String abi)306 public static boolean is64BitAbi(String abi) { 307 return VMRuntime.is64BitAbi(abi); 308 } 309 310 static { 311 /* 312 * Adjusts CPU_ABI and CPU_ABI2 depending on whether or not a given process is 64 bit. 313 * 32 bit processes will always see 32 bit ABIs in these fields for backward 314 * compatibility. 315 */ 316 final String[] abiList; 317 if (android.os.Process.is64Bit()) { 318 abiList = SUPPORTED_64_BIT_ABIS; 319 } else { 320 abiList = SUPPORTED_32_BIT_ABIS; 321 } 322 323 CPU_ABI = abiList[0]; 324 if (abiList.length > 1) { 325 CPU_ABI2 = abiList[1]; 326 } else { 327 CPU_ABI2 = ""; 328 } 329 } 330 331 /** Various version strings. */ 332 public static class VERSION { 333 /** 334 * The internal value used by the underlying source control to 335 * represent this build. E.g., a perforce changelist number 336 * or a git hash. 337 */ 338 public static final String INCREMENTAL = getString("ro.build.version.incremental"); 339 340 /** 341 * The user-visible version string. E.g., "1.0" or "3.4b5" or "bananas". 342 * 343 * This field is an opaque string. Do not assume that its value 344 * has any particular structure or that values of RELEASE from 345 * different releases can be somehow ordered. 346 */ 347 public static final String RELEASE = getString("ro.build.version.release"); 348 349 /** 350 * The version string. May be {@link #RELEASE} or {@link #CODENAME} if 351 * not a final release build. 352 */ 353 @NonNull public static final String RELEASE_OR_CODENAME = getString( 354 "ro.build.version.release_or_codename"); 355 356 /** 357 * The version string we show to the user; may be {@link #RELEASE} or 358 * a descriptive string if not a final release build. 359 */ 360 @NonNull public static final String RELEASE_OR_PREVIEW_DISPLAY = getString( 361 "ro.build.version.release_or_preview_display"); 362 363 /** 364 * The base OS build the product is based on. 365 */ 366 public static final String BASE_OS = SystemProperties.get("ro.build.version.base_os", ""); 367 368 /** 369 * The user-visible security patch level. This value represents the date when the device 370 * most recently applied a security patch. 371 */ 372 public static final String SECURITY_PATCH = SystemProperties.get( 373 "ro.build.version.security_patch", ""); 374 375 /** 376 * The media performance class of the device or 0 if none. 377 * <p> 378 * If this value is not <code>0</code>, the device conforms to the media performance class 379 * definition of the SDK version of this value. This value never changes while a device is 380 * booted, but it may increase when the hardware manufacturer provides an OTA update. 381 * <p> 382 * Possible non-zero values are defined in {@link Build.VERSION_CODES} starting with 383 * {@link Build.VERSION_CODES#R}. 384 */ 385 public static final int MEDIA_PERFORMANCE_CLASS = 386 DeviceProperties.media_performance_class().orElse(0); 387 388 /** 389 * The user-visible SDK version of the framework in its raw String 390 * representation; use {@link #SDK_INT} instead. 391 * 392 * @deprecated Use {@link #SDK_INT} to easily get this as an integer. 393 */ 394 @Deprecated 395 public static final String SDK = getString("ro.build.version.sdk"); 396 397 /** 398 * The SDK version of the software currently running on this hardware 399 * device. This value never changes while a device is booted, but it may 400 * increase when the hardware manufacturer provides an OTA update. 401 * <p> 402 * Possible values are defined in {@link Build.VERSION_CODES}. 403 */ 404 public static final int SDK_INT = SystemProperties.getInt( 405 "ro.build.version.sdk", 0); 406 407 /** 408 * The SDK version of the software that <em>initially</em> shipped on 409 * this hardware device. It <em>never</em> changes during the lifetime 410 * of the device, even when {@link #SDK_INT} increases due to an OTA 411 * update. 412 * <p> 413 * Possible values are defined in {@link Build.VERSION_CODES}. 414 * 415 * @see #SDK_INT 416 * @hide 417 */ 418 @SystemApi(client = SystemApi.Client.MODULE_LIBRARIES) 419 @TestApi 420 public static final int DEVICE_INITIAL_SDK_INT = SystemProperties 421 .getInt("ro.product.first_api_level", 0); 422 423 /** 424 * The developer preview revision of a prerelease SDK. This value will always 425 * be <code>0</code> on production platform builds/devices. 426 * 427 * <p>When this value is nonzero, any new API added since the last 428 * officially published {@link #SDK_INT API level} is only guaranteed to be present 429 * on that specific preview revision. For example, an API <code>Activity.fooBar()</code> 430 * might be present in preview revision 1 but renamed or removed entirely in 431 * preview revision 2, which may cause an app attempting to call it to crash 432 * at runtime.</p> 433 * 434 * <p>Experimental apps targeting preview APIs should check this value for 435 * equality (<code>==</code>) with the preview SDK revision they were built for 436 * before using any prerelease platform APIs. Apps that detect a preview SDK revision 437 * other than the specific one they expect should fall back to using APIs from 438 * the previously published API level only to avoid unwanted runtime exceptions. 439 * </p> 440 */ 441 public static final int PREVIEW_SDK_INT = SystemProperties.getInt( 442 "ro.build.version.preview_sdk", 0); 443 444 /** 445 * The SDK fingerprint for a given prerelease SDK. This value will always be 446 * {@code REL} on production platform builds/devices. 447 * 448 * <p>When this value is not {@code REL}, it contains a string fingerprint of the API 449 * surface exposed by the preview SDK. Preview platforms with different API surfaces 450 * will have different {@code PREVIEW_SDK_FINGERPRINT}. 451 * 452 * <p>This attribute is intended for use by installers for finer grained targeting of 453 * packages. Applications targeting preview APIs should not use this field and should 454 * instead use {@code PREVIEW_SDK_INT} or use reflection or other runtime checks to 455 * detect the presence of an API or guard themselves against unexpected runtime 456 * behavior. 457 * 458 * @hide 459 */ 460 @SystemApi 461 @NonNull public static final String PREVIEW_SDK_FINGERPRINT = SystemProperties.get( 462 "ro.build.version.preview_sdk_fingerprint", "REL"); 463 464 /** 465 * The current development codename, or the string "REL" if this is 466 * a release build. 467 */ 468 public static final String CODENAME = getString("ro.build.version.codename"); 469 470 /** 471 * All known codenames that are present in {@link VERSION_CODES}. 472 * 473 * <p>This includes in development codenames as well, i.e. if {@link #CODENAME} is not "REL" 474 * then the value of that is present in this set. 475 * 476 * <p>If a particular string is not present in this set, then it is either not a codename 477 * or a codename for a future release. For example, during Android R development, "Tiramisu" 478 * was not a known codename. 479 * 480 * @hide 481 */ 482 @SystemApi 483 @NonNull public static final Set<String> KNOWN_CODENAMES = 484 new ArraySet<>(getStringList("ro.build.version.known_codenames", ",")); 485 486 private static final String[] ALL_CODENAMES 487 = getStringList("ro.build.version.all_codenames", ","); 488 489 /** 490 * @hide 491 */ 492 @UnsupportedAppUsage 493 @TestApi 494 public static final String[] ACTIVE_CODENAMES = "REL".equals(ALL_CODENAMES[0]) 495 ? new String[0] : ALL_CODENAMES; 496 497 /** 498 * The SDK version to use when accessing resources. 499 * Use the current SDK version code. For every active development codename 500 * we are operating under, we bump the assumed resource platform version by 1. 501 * @hide 502 */ 503 @TestApi 504 public static final int RESOURCES_SDK_INT = SDK_INT + ACTIVE_CODENAMES.length; 505 506 /** 507 * The current lowest supported value of app target SDK. Applications targeting 508 * lower values may not function on devices running this SDK version. Its possible 509 * values are defined in {@link Build.VERSION_CODES}. 510 * 511 * @hide 512 */ 513 public static final int MIN_SUPPORTED_TARGET_SDK_INT = SystemProperties.getInt( 514 "ro.build.version.min_supported_target_sdk", 0); 515 } 516 517 /** 518 * Enumeration of the currently known SDK version codes. These are the 519 * values that can be found in {@link VERSION#SDK}. Version numbers 520 * increment monotonically with each official platform release. 521 */ 522 public static class VERSION_CODES { 523 /** 524 * Magic version number for a current development build, which has 525 * not yet turned into an official release. 526 */ 527 // This must match VMRuntime.SDK_VERSION_CUR_DEVELOPMENT. 528 public static final int CUR_DEVELOPMENT = 10000; 529 530 /** 531 * The original, first, version of Android. Yay! 532 * 533 * <p>Released publicly as Android 1.0 in September 2008. 534 */ 535 public static final int BASE = 1; 536 537 /** 538 * First Android update. 539 * 540 * <p>Released publicly as Android 1.1 in February 2009. 541 */ 542 public static final int BASE_1_1 = 2; 543 544 /** 545 * C. 546 * 547 * <p>Released publicly as Android 1.5 in April 2009. 548 */ 549 public static final int CUPCAKE = 3; 550 551 /** 552 * D. 553 * 554 * <p>Released publicly as Android 1.6 in September 2009. 555 * <p>Applications targeting this or a later release will get these 556 * new changes in behavior:</p> 557 * <ul> 558 * <li> They must explicitly request the 559 * {@link android.Manifest.permission#WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE} permission to be 560 * able to modify the contents of the SD card. (Apps targeting 561 * earlier versions will always request the permission.) 562 * <li> They must explicitly request the 563 * {@link android.Manifest.permission#READ_PHONE_STATE} permission to be 564 * able to be able to retrieve phone state info. (Apps targeting 565 * earlier versions will always request the permission.) 566 * <li> They are assumed to support different screen densities and 567 * sizes. (Apps targeting earlier versions are assumed to only support 568 * medium density normal size screens unless otherwise indicated). 569 * They can still explicitly specify screen support either way with the 570 * supports-screens manifest tag. 571 * <li> {@link android.widget.TabHost} will use the new dark tab 572 * background design. 573 * </ul> 574 */ 575 public static final int DONUT = 4; 576 577 /** 578 * E. 579 * 580 * <p>Released publicly as Android 2.0 in October 2009. 581 * <p>Applications targeting this or a later release will get these 582 * new changes in behavior:</p> 583 * <ul> 584 * <li> The {@link android.app.Service#onStartCommand 585 * Service.onStartCommand} function will return the new 586 * {@link android.app.Service#START_STICKY} behavior instead of the 587 * old compatibility {@link android.app.Service#START_STICKY_COMPATIBILITY}. 588 * <li> The {@link android.app.Activity} class will now execute back 589 * key presses on the key up instead of key down, to be able to detect 590 * canceled presses from virtual keys. 591 * <li> The {@link android.widget.TabWidget} class will use a new color scheme 592 * for tabs. In the new scheme, the foreground tab has a medium gray background 593 * the background tabs have a dark gray background. 594 * </ul> 595 */ 596 public static final int ECLAIR = 5; 597 598 /** 599 * E incremental update. 600 * 601 * <p>Released publicly as Android 2.0.1 in December 2009. 602 */ 603 public static final int ECLAIR_0_1 = 6; 604 605 /** 606 * E MR1. 607 * 608 * <p>Released publicly as Android 2.1 in January 2010. 609 */ 610 public static final int ECLAIR_MR1 = 7; 611 612 /** 613 * F. 614 * 615 * <p>Released publicly as Android 2.2 in May 2010. 616 */ 617 public static final int FROYO = 8; 618 619 /** 620 * G. 621 * 622 * <p>Released publicly as Android 2.3 in December 2010. 623 * <p>Applications targeting this or a later release will get these 624 * new changes in behavior:</p> 625 * <ul> 626 * <li> The application's notification icons will be shown on the new 627 * dark status bar background, so must be visible in this situation. 628 * </ul> 629 */ 630 public static final int GINGERBREAD = 9; 631 632 /** 633 * G MR1. 634 * 635 * <p>Released publicly as Android 2.3.3 in February 2011. 636 */ 637 public static final int GINGERBREAD_MR1 = 10; 638 639 /** 640 * H. 641 * 642 * <p>Released publicly as Android 3.0 in February 2011. 643 * <p>Applications targeting this or a later release will get these 644 * new changes in behavior:</p> 645 * <ul> 646 * <li> The default theme for applications is now dark holographic: 647 * {@link android.R.style#Theme_Holo}. 648 * <li> On large screen devices that do not have a physical menu 649 * button, the soft (compatibility) menu is disabled. 650 * <li> The activity lifecycle has changed slightly as per 651 * {@link android.app.Activity}. 652 * <li> An application will crash if it does not call through 653 * to the super implementation of its 654 * {@link android.app.Activity#onPause Activity.onPause()} method. 655 * <li> When an application requires a permission to access one of 656 * its components (activity, receiver, service, provider), this 657 * permission is no longer enforced when the application wants to 658 * access its own component. This means it can require a permission 659 * on a component that it does not itself hold and still access that 660 * component. 661 * <li> {@link android.content.Context#getSharedPreferences 662 * Context.getSharedPreferences()} will not automatically reload 663 * the preferences if they have changed on storage, unless 664 * {@link android.content.Context#MODE_MULTI_PROCESS} is used. 665 * <li> {@link android.view.ViewGroup#setMotionEventSplittingEnabled} 666 * will default to true. 667 * <li> {@link android.view.WindowManager.LayoutParams#FLAG_SPLIT_TOUCH} 668 * is enabled by default on windows. 669 * <li> {@link android.widget.PopupWindow#isSplitTouchEnabled() 670 * PopupWindow.isSplitTouchEnabled()} will return true by default. 671 * <li> {@link android.widget.GridView} and {@link android.widget.ListView} 672 * will use {@link android.view.View#setActivated View.setActivated} 673 * for selected items if they do not implement {@link android.widget.Checkable}. 674 * <li> {@link android.widget.Scroller} will be constructed with 675 * "flywheel" behavior enabled by default. 676 * </ul> 677 */ 678 public static final int HONEYCOMB = 11; 679 680 /** 681 * H MR1. 682 * 683 * <p>Released publicly as Android 3.1 in May 2011. 684 */ 685 public static final int HONEYCOMB_MR1 = 12; 686 687 /** 688 * H MR2. 689 * 690 * <p>Released publicly as Android 3.2 in July 2011. 691 * <p>Update to Honeycomb MR1 to support 7 inch tablets, improve 692 * screen compatibility mode, etc.</p> 693 * 694 * <p>As of this version, applications that don't say whether they 695 * support XLARGE screens will be assumed to do so only if they target 696 * {@link #HONEYCOMB} or later; it had been {@link #GINGERBREAD} or 697 * later. Applications that don't support a screen size at least as 698 * large as the current screen will provide the user with a UI to 699 * switch them in to screen size compatibility mode.</p> 700 * 701 * <p>This version introduces new screen size resource qualifiers 702 * based on the screen size in dp: see 703 * {@link android.content.res.Configuration#screenWidthDp}, 704 * {@link android.content.res.Configuration#screenHeightDp}, and 705 * {@link android.content.res.Configuration#smallestScreenWidthDp}. 706 * Supplying these in <supports-screens> as per 707 * {@link android.content.pm.ApplicationInfo#requiresSmallestWidthDp}, 708 * {@link android.content.pm.ApplicationInfo#compatibleWidthLimitDp}, and 709 * {@link android.content.pm.ApplicationInfo#largestWidthLimitDp} is 710 * preferred over the older screen size buckets and for older devices 711 * the appropriate buckets will be inferred from them.</p> 712 * 713 * <p>Applications targeting this or a later release will get these 714 * new changes in behavior:</p> 715 * <ul> 716 * <li><p>New {@link android.content.pm.PackageManager#FEATURE_SCREEN_PORTRAIT} 717 * and {@link android.content.pm.PackageManager#FEATURE_SCREEN_LANDSCAPE} 718 * features were introduced in this release. Applications that target 719 * previous platform versions are assumed to require both portrait and 720 * landscape support in the device; when targeting Honeycomb MR1 or 721 * greater the application is responsible for specifying any specific 722 * orientation it requires.</p> 723 * <li><p>{@link android.os.AsyncTask} will use the serial executor 724 * by default when calling {@link android.os.AsyncTask#execute}.</p> 725 * <li><p>{@link android.content.pm.ActivityInfo#configChanges 726 * ActivityInfo.configChanges} will have the 727 * {@link android.content.pm.ActivityInfo#CONFIG_SCREEN_SIZE} and 728 * {@link android.content.pm.ActivityInfo#CONFIG_SMALLEST_SCREEN_SIZE} 729 * bits set; these need to be cleared for older applications because 730 * some developers have done absolute comparisons against this value 731 * instead of correctly masking the bits they are interested in. 732 * </ul> 733 */ 734 public static final int HONEYCOMB_MR2 = 13; 735 736 /** 737 * I. 738 * 739 * <p>Released publicly as Android 4.0 in October 2011. 740 * <p>Applications targeting this or a later release will get these 741 * new changes in behavior:</p> 742 * <ul> 743 * <li> For devices without a dedicated menu key, the software compatibility 744 * menu key will not be shown even on phones. By targeting Ice Cream Sandwich 745 * or later, your UI must always have its own menu UI affordance if needed, 746 * on both tablets and phones. The ActionBar will take care of this for you. 747 * <li> 2d drawing hardware acceleration is now turned on by default. 748 * You can use 749 * {@link android.R.attr#hardwareAccelerated android:hardwareAccelerated} 750 * to turn it off if needed, although this is strongly discouraged since 751 * it will result in poor performance on larger screen devices. 752 * <li> The default theme for applications is now the "device default" theme: 753 * {@link android.R.style#Theme_DeviceDefault}. This may be the 754 * holo dark theme or a different dark theme defined by the specific device. 755 * The {@link android.R.style#Theme_Holo} family must not be modified 756 * for a device to be considered compatible. Applications that explicitly 757 * request a theme from the Holo family will be guaranteed that these themes 758 * will not change character within the same platform version. Applications 759 * that wish to blend in with the device should use a theme from the 760 * {@link android.R.style#Theme_DeviceDefault} family. 761 * <li> Managed cursors can now throw an exception if you directly close 762 * the cursor yourself without stopping the management of it; previously failures 763 * would be silently ignored. 764 * <li> The fadingEdge attribute on views will be ignored (fading edges is no 765 * longer a standard part of the UI). A new requiresFadingEdge attribute allows 766 * applications to still force fading edges on for special cases. 767 * <li> {@link android.content.Context#bindService Context.bindService()} 768 * will not automatically add in {@link android.content.Context#BIND_WAIVE_PRIORITY}. 769 * <li> App Widgets will have standard padding automatically added around 770 * them, rather than relying on the padding being baked into the widget itself. 771 * <li> An exception will be thrown if you try to change the type of a 772 * window after it has been added to the window manager. Previously this 773 * would result in random incorrect behavior. 774 * <li> {@link android.view.animation.AnimationSet} will parse out 775 * the duration, fillBefore, fillAfter, repeatMode, and startOffset 776 * XML attributes that are defined. 777 * <li> {@link android.app.ActionBar#setHomeButtonEnabled 778 * ActionBar.setHomeButtonEnabled()} is false by default. 779 * </ul> 780 */ 781 public static final int ICE_CREAM_SANDWICH = 14; 782 783 /** 784 * I MR1. 785 * 786 * <p>Released publicly as Android 4.03 in December 2011. 787 */ 788 public static final int ICE_CREAM_SANDWICH_MR1 = 15; 789 790 /** 791 * J. 792 * 793 * <p>Released publicly as Android 4.1 in July 2012. 794 * <p>Applications targeting this or a later release will get these 795 * new changes in behavior:</p> 796 * <ul> 797 * <li> You must explicitly request the {@link android.Manifest.permission#READ_CALL_LOG} 798 * and/or {@link android.Manifest.permission#WRITE_CALL_LOG} permissions; 799 * access to the call log is no longer implicitly provided through 800 * {@link android.Manifest.permission#READ_CONTACTS} and 801 * {@link android.Manifest.permission#WRITE_CONTACTS}. 802 * <li> {@link android.widget.RemoteViews} will throw an exception if 803 * setting an onClick handler for views being generated by a 804 * {@link android.widget.RemoteViewsService} for a collection container; 805 * previously this just resulted in a warning log message. 806 * <li> New {@link android.app.ActionBar} policy for embedded tabs: 807 * embedded tabs are now always stacked in the action bar when in portrait 808 * mode, regardless of the size of the screen. 809 * <li> {@link android.webkit.WebSettings#setAllowFileAccessFromFileURLs(boolean) 810 * WebSettings.setAllowFileAccessFromFileURLs} and 811 * {@link android.webkit.WebSettings#setAllowUniversalAccessFromFileURLs(boolean) 812 * WebSettings.setAllowUniversalAccessFromFileURLs} default to false. 813 * <li> Calls to {@link android.content.pm.PackageManager#setComponentEnabledSetting 814 * PackageManager.setComponentEnabledSetting} will now throw an 815 * IllegalArgumentException if the given component class name does not 816 * exist in the application's manifest. 817 * <li> {@code NfcAdapter.setNdefPushMessage}, 818 * {@code NfcAdapter.setNdefPushMessageCallback} and 819 * {@code NfcAdapter.setOnNdefPushCompleteCallback} will throw 820 * IllegalStateException if called after the Activity has been destroyed. 821 * <li> Accessibility services must require the new 822 * {@link android.Manifest.permission#BIND_ACCESSIBILITY_SERVICE} permission or 823 * they will not be available for use. 824 * <li> {@link android.accessibilityservice.AccessibilityServiceInfo#FLAG_INCLUDE_NOT_IMPORTANT_VIEWS 825 * AccessibilityServiceInfo.FLAG_INCLUDE_NOT_IMPORTANT_VIEWS} must be set 826 * for unimportant views to be included in queries. 827 * </ul> 828 */ 829 public static final int JELLY_BEAN = 16; 830 831 /** 832 * J MR1. 833 * 834 * <p>Released publicly as Android 4.2 in November 2012. 835 * <p>Applications targeting this or a later release will get these 836 * new changes in behavior:</p> 837 * <ul> 838 * <li>Content Providers: The default value of {@code android:exported} is now 839 * {@code false}. See 840 * <a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/provider-element.html#exported"> 841 * the android:exported section</a> in the provider documentation for more details.</li> 842 * <li>{@link android.view.View#getLayoutDirection() View.getLayoutDirection()} 843 * can return different values than {@link android.view.View#LAYOUT_DIRECTION_LTR} 844 * based on the locale etc. 845 * <li> {@link android.webkit.WebView#addJavascriptInterface(Object, String) 846 * WebView.addJavascriptInterface} requires explicit annotations on methods 847 * for them to be accessible from Javascript. 848 * </ul> 849 */ 850 public static final int JELLY_BEAN_MR1 = 17; 851 852 /** 853 * J MR2. 854 * 855 * <p>Released publicly as Android 4.3 in July 2013. 856 */ 857 public static final int JELLY_BEAN_MR2 = 18; 858 859 /** 860 * K. 861 * 862 * <p>Released publicly as Android 4.4 in October 2013. 863 * <p>Applications targeting this or a later release will get these 864 * new changes in behavior. For more information about this release, see the 865 * <a href="/about/versions/kitkat/">Android KitKat overview</a>.</p> 866 * <ul> 867 * <li> The default result of 868 * {@link android.preference.PreferenceActivity#isValidFragment(String) 869 * PreferenceActivity.isValueFragment} becomes false instead of true.</li> 870 * <li> In {@link android.webkit.WebView}, apps targeting earlier versions will have 871 * JS URLs evaluated directly and any result of the evaluation will not replace 872 * the current page content. Apps targetting KITKAT or later that load a JS URL will 873 * have the result of that URL replace the content of the current page</li> 874 * <li> {@link android.app.AlarmManager#set AlarmManager.set} becomes interpreted as 875 * an inexact value, to give the system more flexibility in scheduling alarms.</li> 876 * <li> {@link android.content.Context#getSharedPreferences(String, int) 877 * Context.getSharedPreferences} no longer allows a null name.</li> 878 * <li> {@link android.widget.RelativeLayout} changes to compute wrapped content 879 * margins correctly.</li> 880 * <li> {@link android.app.ActionBar}'s window content overlay is allowed to be 881 * drawn.</li> 882 * <li>The {@link android.Manifest.permission#READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE} 883 * permission is now always enforced.</li> 884 * <li>Access to package-specific external storage directories belonging 885 * to the calling app no longer requires the 886 * {@link android.Manifest.permission#READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE} or 887 * {@link android.Manifest.permission#WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE} 888 * permissions.</li> 889 * </ul> 890 */ 891 public static final int KITKAT = 19; 892 893 /** 894 * K for watches. 895 * 896 * <p>Released publicly as Android 4.4W in June 2014. 897 * <p>Applications targeting this or a later release will get these 898 * new changes in behavior:</p> 899 * <ul> 900 * <li>{@link android.app.AlertDialog} might not have a default background if the theme does 901 * not specify one.</li> 902 * </ul> 903 */ 904 public static final int KITKAT_WATCH = 20; 905 906 /** 907 * Temporary until we completely switch to {@link #LOLLIPOP}. 908 * @hide 909 */ 910 public static final int L = 21; 911 912 /** 913 * L. 914 * 915 * <p>Released publicly as Android 5.0 in November 2014. 916 * <p>Applications targeting this or a later release will get these 917 * new changes in behavior. For more information about this release, see the 918 * <a href="/about/versions/lollipop/">Android Lollipop overview</a>.</p> 919 * <ul> 920 * <li> {@link android.content.Context#bindService Context.bindService} now 921 * requires an explicit Intent, and will throw an exception if given an implicit 922 * Intent.</li> 923 * <li> {@link android.app.Notification.Builder Notification.Builder} will 924 * not have the colors of their various notification elements adjusted to better 925 * match the new material design look.</li> 926 * <li> {@link android.os.Message} will validate that a message is not currently 927 * in use when it is recycled.</li> 928 * <li> Hardware accelerated drawing in windows will be enabled automatically 929 * in most places.</li> 930 * <li> {@link android.widget.Spinner} throws an exception if attaching an 931 * adapter with more than one item type.</li> 932 * <li> If the app is a launcher, the launcher will be available to the user 933 * even when they are using corporate profiles (which requires that the app 934 * use {@link android.content.pm.LauncherApps} to correctly populate its 935 * apps UI).</li> 936 * <li> Calling {@link android.app.Service#stopForeground Service.stopForeground} 937 * with removeNotification false will modify the still posted notification so that 938 * it is no longer forced to be ongoing.</li> 939 * <li> A {@link android.service.dreams.DreamService} must require the 940 * {@link android.Manifest.permission#BIND_DREAM_SERVICE} permission to be usable.</li> 941 * </ul> 942 */ 943 public static final int LOLLIPOP = 21; 944 945 /** 946 * L MR1. 947 * 948 * <p>Released publicly as Android 5.1 in March 2015. 949 * <p>For more information about this release, see the 950 * <a href="/about/versions/android-5.1">Android 5.1 APIs</a>. 951 */ 952 public static final int LOLLIPOP_MR1 = 22; 953 954 /** 955 * M. 956 * 957 * <p>Released publicly as Android 6.0 in October 2015. 958 * <p>Applications targeting this or a later release will get these 959 * new changes in behavior. For more information about this release, see the 960 * <a href="/about/versions/marshmallow/">Android 6.0 Marshmallow overview</a>.</p> 961 * <ul> 962 * <li> Runtime permissions. Dangerous permissions are no longer granted at 963 * install time, but must be requested by the application at runtime through 964 * {@link android.app.Activity#requestPermissions}.</li> 965 * <li> Bluetooth and Wi-Fi scanning now requires holding the location permission.</li> 966 * <li> {@link android.app.AlarmManager#setTimeZone AlarmManager.setTimeZone} will fail if 967 * the given timezone is non-Olson.</li> 968 * <li> Activity transitions will only return shared 969 * elements mapped in the returned view hierarchy back to the calling activity.</li> 970 * <li> {@link android.view.View} allows a number of behaviors that may break 971 * existing apps: Canvas throws an exception if restore() is called too many times, 972 * widgets may return a hint size when returning UNSPECIFIED measure specs, and it 973 * will respect the attributes {@link android.R.attr#foreground}, 974 * {@link android.R.attr#foregroundGravity}, {@link android.R.attr#foregroundTint}, and 975 * {@link android.R.attr#foregroundTintMode}.</li> 976 * <li> {@link android.view.MotionEvent#getButtonState MotionEvent.getButtonState} 977 * will no longer report {@link android.view.MotionEvent#BUTTON_PRIMARY} 978 * and {@link android.view.MotionEvent#BUTTON_SECONDARY} as synonyms for 979 * {@link android.view.MotionEvent#BUTTON_STYLUS_PRIMARY} and 980 * {@link android.view.MotionEvent#BUTTON_STYLUS_SECONDARY}.</li> 981 * <li> {@link android.widget.ScrollView} now respects the layout param margins 982 * when measuring.</li> 983 * </ul> 984 */ 985 public static final int M = 23; 986 987 /** 988 * N. 989 * 990 * <p>Released publicly as Android 7.0 in August 2016. 991 * <p>Applications targeting this or a later release will get these 992 * new changes in behavior. For more information about this release, see 993 * the <a href="/about/versions/nougat/">Android Nougat overview</a>.</p> 994 * <ul> 995 * <li> {@link android.app.DownloadManager.Request#setAllowedNetworkTypes 996 * DownloadManager.Request.setAllowedNetworkTypes} 997 * will disable "allow over metered" when specifying only 998 * {@link android.app.DownloadManager.Request#NETWORK_WIFI}.</li> 999 * <li> {@link android.app.DownloadManager} no longer allows access to raw 1000 * file paths.</li> 1001 * <li> {@link android.app.Notification.Builder#setShowWhen 1002 * Notification.Builder.setShowWhen} 1003 * must be called explicitly to have the time shown, and various other changes in 1004 * {@link android.app.Notification.Builder Notification.Builder} to how notifications 1005 * are shown.</li> 1006 * <li>{@link android.content.Context#MODE_WORLD_READABLE} and 1007 * {@link android.content.Context#MODE_WORLD_WRITEABLE} are no longer supported.</li> 1008 * <li>{@link android.os.FileUriExposedException} will be thrown to applications.</li> 1009 * <li>Applications will see global drag and drops as per 1010 * {@link android.view.View#DRAG_FLAG_GLOBAL}.</li> 1011 * <li>{@link android.webkit.WebView#evaluateJavascript WebView.evaluateJavascript} 1012 * will not persist state from an empty WebView.</li> 1013 * <li>{@link android.animation.AnimatorSet} will not ignore calls to end() before 1014 * start().</li> 1015 * <li>{@link android.app.AlarmManager#cancel(android.app.PendingIntent) 1016 * AlarmManager.cancel} will throw a NullPointerException if given a null operation.</li> 1017 * <li>{@link android.app.FragmentManager} will ensure fragments have been created 1018 * before being placed on the back stack.</li> 1019 * <li>{@link android.app.FragmentManager} restores fragments in 1020 * {@link android.app.Fragment#onCreate Fragment.onCreate} rather than after the 1021 * method returns.</li> 1022 * <li>{@link android.R.attr#resizeableActivity} defaults to true.</li> 1023 * <li>{@link android.graphics.drawable.AnimatedVectorDrawable} throws exceptions when 1024 * opening invalid VectorDrawable animations.</li> 1025 * <li>{@link android.view.ViewGroup.MarginLayoutParams} will no longer be dropped 1026 * when converting between some types of layout params (such as 1027 * {@link android.widget.LinearLayout.LayoutParams LinearLayout.LayoutParams} to 1028 * {@link android.widget.RelativeLayout.LayoutParams RelativeLayout.LayoutParams}).</li> 1029 * <li>Your application processes will not be killed when the device density changes.</li> 1030 * <li>Drag and drop. After a view receives the 1031 * {@link android.view.DragEvent#ACTION_DRAG_ENTERED} event, when the drag shadow moves into 1032 * a descendant view that can accept the data, the view receives the 1033 * {@link android.view.DragEvent#ACTION_DRAG_EXITED} event and won’t receive 1034 * {@link android.view.DragEvent#ACTION_DRAG_LOCATION} and 1035 * {@link android.view.DragEvent#ACTION_DROP} events while the drag shadow is within that 1036 * descendant view, even if the descendant view returns <code>false</code> from its handler 1037 * for these events.</li> 1038 * </ul> 1039 */ 1040 public static final int N = 24; 1041 1042 /** 1043 * N MR1. 1044 * 1045 * <p>Released publicly as Android 7.1 in October 2016. 1046 * <p>For more information about this release, see 1047 * <a href="/about/versions/nougat/android-7.1">Android 7.1 for 1048 * Developers</a>. 1049 */ 1050 public static final int N_MR1 = 25; 1051 1052 /** 1053 * O. 1054 * 1055 * <p>Released publicly as Android 8.0 in August 2017. 1056 * <p>Applications targeting this or a later release will get these 1057 * new changes in behavior. For more information about this release, see 1058 * the <a href="/about/versions/oreo/">Android Oreo overview</a>.</p> 1059 * <ul> 1060 * <li><a href="{@docRoot}about/versions/oreo/background.html">Background execution limits</a> 1061 * are applied to the application.</li> 1062 * <li>The behavior of AccountManager's 1063 * {@link android.accounts.AccountManager#getAccountsByType}, 1064 * {@link android.accounts.AccountManager#getAccountsByTypeAndFeatures}, and 1065 * {@link android.accounts.AccountManager#hasFeatures} has changed as documented there.</li> 1066 * <li>{@link android.app.ActivityManager.RunningAppProcessInfo#IMPORTANCE_PERCEPTIBLE_PRE_26} 1067 * is now returned as 1068 * {@link android.app.ActivityManager.RunningAppProcessInfo#IMPORTANCE_PERCEPTIBLE}.</li> 1069 * <li>The {@link android.app.NotificationManager} now requires the use of notification 1070 * channels.</li> 1071 * <li>Changes to the strict mode that are set in 1072 * {@link Application#onCreate Application.onCreate} will no longer be clobbered after 1073 * that function returns.</li> 1074 * <li>A shared library apk with native code will have that native code included in 1075 * the library path of its clients.</li> 1076 * <li>{@link android.content.Context#getSharedPreferences Context.getSharedPreferences} 1077 * in credential encrypted storage will throw an exception before the user is unlocked.</li> 1078 * <li>Attempting to retrieve a {@link Context#FINGERPRINT_SERVICE} on a device that 1079 * does not support that feature will now throw a runtime exception.</li> 1080 * <li>{@link android.app.Fragment} will stop any active view animations when 1081 * the fragment is stopped.</li> 1082 * <li>Some compatibility code in Resources that attempts to use the default Theme 1083 * the app may be using will be turned off, requiring the app to explicitly request 1084 * resources with the right theme.</li> 1085 * <li>{@link android.content.ContentResolver#notifyChange ContentResolver.notifyChange} and 1086 * {@link android.content.ContentResolver#registerContentObserver 1087 * ContentResolver.registerContentObserver} 1088 * will throw a SecurityException if the caller does not have permission to access 1089 * the provider (or the provider doesn't exit); otherwise the call will be silently 1090 * ignored.</li> 1091 * <li>{@link android.hardware.camera2.CameraDevice#createCaptureRequest 1092 * CameraDevice.createCaptureRequest} will enable 1093 * {@link android.hardware.camera2.CaptureRequest#CONTROL_ENABLE_ZSL} by default for 1094 * still image capture.</li> 1095 * <li>WallpaperManager's {@link android.app.WallpaperManager#getWallpaperFile}, 1096 * {@link android.app.WallpaperManager#getDrawable}, 1097 * {@link android.app.WallpaperManager#getFastDrawable}, 1098 * {@link android.app.WallpaperManager#peekDrawable}, and 1099 * {@link android.app.WallpaperManager#peekFastDrawable} will throw an exception 1100 * if you can not access the wallpaper.</li> 1101 * <li>The behavior of 1102 * {@link android.hardware.usb.UsbDeviceConnection#requestWait UsbDeviceConnection.requestWait} 1103 * is modified as per the documentation there.</li> 1104 * <li>{@link StrictMode.VmPolicy.Builder#detectAll StrictMode.VmPolicy.Builder.detectAll} 1105 * will also enable {@link StrictMode.VmPolicy.Builder#detectContentUriWithoutPermission} 1106 * and {@link StrictMode.VmPolicy.Builder#detectUntaggedSockets}.</li> 1107 * <li>{@link StrictMode.ThreadPolicy.Builder#detectAll StrictMode.ThreadPolicy.Builder.detectAll} 1108 * will also enable {@link StrictMode.ThreadPolicy.Builder#detectUnbufferedIo}.</li> 1109 * <li>{@link android.provider.DocumentsContract}'s various methods will throw failure 1110 * exceptions back to the caller instead of returning null. 1111 * <li>{@link View#hasFocusable() View.hasFocusable} now includes auto-focusable views.</li> 1112 * <li>{@link android.view.SurfaceView} will no longer always change the underlying 1113 * Surface object when something about it changes; apps need to look at the current 1114 * state of the object to determine which things they are interested in have changed.</li> 1115 * <li>{@link android.view.WindowManager.LayoutParams#TYPE_APPLICATION_OVERLAY} must be 1116 * used for overlay windows, other system overlay window types are not allowed.</li> 1117 * <li>{@link android.view.ViewTreeObserver#addOnDrawListener 1118 * ViewTreeObserver.addOnDrawListener} will throw an exception if called from within 1119 * onDraw.</li> 1120 * <li>{@link android.graphics.Canvas#setBitmap Canvas.setBitmap} will no longer preserve 1121 * the current matrix and clip stack of the canvas.</li> 1122 * <li>{@link android.widget.ListPopupWindow#setHeight ListPopupWindow.setHeight} 1123 * will throw an exception if a negative height is supplied.</li> 1124 * <li>{@link android.widget.TextView} will use internationalized input for numbers, 1125 * dates, and times.</li> 1126 * <li>{@link android.widget.Toast} must be used for showing toast windows; the toast 1127 * window type can not be directly used.</li> 1128 * <li>{@link android.net.wifi.WifiManager#getConnectionInfo WifiManager.getConnectionInfo} 1129 * requires that the caller hold the location permission to return BSSID/SSID</li> 1130 * <li>{@link android.net.wifi.p2p.WifiP2pManager#requestPeers WifiP2pManager.requestPeers} 1131 * requires the caller hold the location permission.</li> 1132 * <li>{@link android.R.attr#maxAspectRatio} defaults to 0, meaning there is no restriction 1133 * on the app's maximum aspect ratio (so it can be stretched to fill larger screens).</li> 1134 * <li>{@link android.R.attr#focusable} defaults to a new state ({@code auto}) where it will 1135 * inherit the value of {@link android.R.attr#clickable} unless explicitly overridden.</li> 1136 * <li>A default theme-appropriate focus-state highlight will be supplied to all Views 1137 * which don't provide a focus-state drawable themselves. This can be disabled by setting 1138 * {@link android.R.attr#defaultFocusHighlightEnabled} to false.</li> 1139 * </ul> 1140 */ 1141 public static final int O = 26; 1142 1143 /** 1144 * O MR1. 1145 * 1146 * <p>Released publicly as Android 8.1 in December 2017. 1147 * <p>Applications targeting this or a later release will get these 1148 * new changes in behavior. For more information about this release, see 1149 * <a href="/about/versions/oreo/android-8.1">Android 8.1 features and 1150 * APIs</a>.</p> 1151 * <ul> 1152 * <li>Apps exporting and linking to apk shared libraries must explicitly 1153 * enumerate all signing certificates in a consistent order.</li> 1154 * <li>{@link android.R.attr#screenOrientation} can not be used to request a fixed 1155 * orientation if the associated activity is not fullscreen and opaque.</li> 1156 * </ul> 1157 * 1158 */ 1159 public static final int O_MR1 = 27; 1160 1161 /** 1162 * P. 1163 * 1164 * <p>Released publicly as Android 9 in August 2018. 1165 * <p>Applications targeting this or a later release will get these 1166 * new changes in behavior. For more information about this release, see the 1167 * <a href="/about/versions/pie/">Android 9 Pie overview</a>.</p> 1168 * <ul> 1169 * <li>{@link android.app.Service#startForeground Service.startForeground} requires 1170 * that apps hold the permission 1171 * {@link android.Manifest.permission#FOREGROUND_SERVICE}.</li> 1172 * <li>{@link android.widget.LinearLayout} will always remeasure weighted children, 1173 * even if there is no excess space.</li> 1174 * </ul> 1175 * 1176 */ 1177 public static final int P = 28; 1178 1179 /** 1180 * Q. 1181 * 1182 * <p>Released publicly as Android 10 in September 2019. 1183 * <p>Applications targeting this or a later release will get these new changes in behavior. 1184 * For more information about this release, see the 1185 * <a href="/about/versions/10">Android 10 overview</a>.</p> 1186 * <ul> 1187 * <li><a href="/about/versions/10/behavior-changes-all">Behavior changes: all apps</a></li> 1188 * <li><a href="/about/versions/10/behavior-changes-10">Behavior changes: apps targeting API 1189 * 29+</a></li> 1190 * </ul> 1191 * 1192 */ 1193 public static final int Q = 29; 1194 1195 /** 1196 * R. 1197 * 1198 * <p>Released publicly as Android 11 in September 2020. 1199 * <p>Applications targeting this or a later release will get these new changes in behavior. 1200 * For more information about this release, see the 1201 * <a href="/about/versions/11">Android 11 overview</a>.</p> 1202 * <ul> 1203 * <li><a href="/about/versions/11/behavior-changes-all">Behavior changes: all apps</a></li> 1204 * <li><a href="/about/versions/11/behavior-changes-11">Behavior changes: Apps targeting 1205 * Android 11</a></li> 1206 * <li><a href="/about/versions/11/non-sdk-11">Updates to non-SDK interface restrictions 1207 * in Android 11</a></li> 1208 * </ul> 1209 * 1210 */ 1211 public static final int R = 30; 1212 1213 /** 1214 * S. 1215 */ 1216 public static final int S = 31; 1217 1218 /** 1219 * S V2. 1220 * 1221 * Once more unto the breach, dear friends, once more. 1222 */ 1223 public static final int S_V2 = 32; 1224 1225 /** 1226 * Tiramisu. 1227 */ 1228 public static final int TIRAMISU = 33; 1229 1230 /** 1231 * Upside Down Cake. 1232 */ 1233 public static final int UPSIDE_DOWN_CAKE = 34; 1234 1235 /** 1236 * Vanilla Ice Cream. 1237 */ 1238 public static final int VANILLA_ICE_CREAM = 35; 1239 } 1240 1241 /** 1242 * The vendor API for 2024 Q2 1243 * 1244 * <p>For Android 14-QPR3 and later, the vendor API level is completely decoupled from the SDK 1245 * API level and the format has switched to YYYYMM (year and month) 1246 * 1247 * @see <a href="https://preview.source.android.com/docs/core/architecture/api-flags">Vendor API 1248 * level</a> 1249 * @hide 1250 */ 1251 public static final int VENDOR_API_2024_Q2 = 202404; 1252 1253 /** The type of build, like "user" or "eng". */ 1254 public static final String TYPE = getString("ro.build.type"); 1255 1256 /** Comma-separated tags describing the build, like "unsigned,debug". */ 1257 public static final String TAGS = getString("ro.build.tags"); 1258 1259 /** A string that uniquely identifies this build. Do not attempt to parse this value. */ 1260 public static final String FINGERPRINT = deriveFingerprint(); 1261 1262 /** 1263 * Some devices split the fingerprint components between multiple 1264 * partitions, so we might derive the fingerprint at runtime. 1265 */ deriveFingerprint()1266 private static String deriveFingerprint() { 1267 String finger = SystemProperties.get("ro.build.fingerprint"); 1268 if (TextUtils.isEmpty(finger)) { 1269 finger = getString("ro.product.brand") + '/' + 1270 getString("ro.product.name") + '/' + 1271 getString("ro.product.device") + ':' + 1272 getString("ro.build.version.release") + '/' + 1273 getString("ro.build.id") + '/' + 1274 getString("ro.build.version.incremental") + ':' + 1275 getString("ro.build.type") + '/' + 1276 getString("ro.build.tags"); 1277 } 1278 return finger; 1279 } 1280 1281 /** 1282 * Ensure that raw fingerprint system property is defined. If it was derived 1283 * dynamically by {@link #deriveFingerprint()} this is where we push the 1284 * derived value into the property service. 1285 * 1286 * @hide 1287 */ ensureFingerprintProperty()1288 public static void ensureFingerprintProperty() { 1289 if (TextUtils.isEmpty(SystemProperties.get("ro.build.fingerprint"))) { 1290 try { 1291 SystemProperties.set("ro.build.fingerprint", FINGERPRINT); 1292 } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { 1293 Slog.e(TAG, "Failed to set fingerprint property", e); 1294 } 1295 } 1296 } 1297 1298 /** 1299 * A multiplier for various timeouts on the system. 1300 * 1301 * The intent is that products targeting software emulators that are orders of magnitude slower 1302 * than real hardware may set this to a large number. On real devices and hardware-accelerated 1303 * virtualized devices this should not be set. 1304 * 1305 * @hide 1306 */ 1307 public static final int HW_TIMEOUT_MULTIPLIER = 1308 SystemProperties.getInt("ro.hw_timeout_multiplier", 1); 1309 1310 /** 1311 * True if Treble is enabled and required for this device. 1312 * 1313 * @hide 1314 */ 1315 public static final boolean IS_TREBLE_ENABLED = 1316 SystemProperties.getBoolean("ro.treble.enabled", false); 1317 1318 /** 1319 * Verifies the current flash of the device is consistent with what 1320 * was expected at build time. 1321 * 1322 * Treble devices will verify the Vendor Interface (VINTF). A device 1323 * launched without Treble: 1324 * 1325 * 1) Checks that device fingerprint is defined and that it matches across 1326 * various partitions. 1327 * 2) Verifies radio and bootloader partitions are those expected in the build. 1328 * 1329 * @hide 1330 */ isBuildConsistent()1331 public static boolean isBuildConsistent() { 1332 // Don't care on eng builds. Incremental build may trigger false negative. 1333 if (IS_ENG) return true; 1334 1335 if (IS_TREBLE_ENABLED) { 1336 int result = VintfObject.verifyBuildAtBoot(); 1337 1338 if (result != 0) { 1339 Slog.e(TAG, "Vendor interface is incompatible, error=" 1340 + String.valueOf(result)); 1341 } 1342 1343 return result == 0; 1344 } 1345 1346 final String system = SystemProperties.get("ro.system.build.fingerprint"); 1347 final String vendor = SystemProperties.get("ro.vendor.build.fingerprint"); 1348 final String bootimage = SystemProperties.get("ro.bootimage.build.fingerprint"); 1349 final String requiredBootloader = SystemProperties.get("ro.build.expect.bootloader"); 1350 final String currentBootloader = SystemProperties.get("ro.bootloader"); 1351 final String requiredRadio = SystemProperties.get("ro.build.expect.baseband"); 1352 final String currentRadio = joinListOrElse( 1353 TelephonyProperties.baseband_version(), ""); 1354 1355 if (TextUtils.isEmpty(system)) { 1356 Slog.e(TAG, "Required ro.system.build.fingerprint is empty!"); 1357 return false; 1358 } 1359 1360 if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(vendor)) { 1361 if (!Objects.equals(system, vendor)) { 1362 Slog.e(TAG, "Mismatched fingerprints; system reported " + system 1363 + " but vendor reported " + vendor); 1364 return false; 1365 } 1366 } 1367 1368 /* TODO: Figure out issue with checks failing 1369 if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(bootimage)) { 1370 if (!Objects.equals(system, bootimage)) { 1371 Slog.e(TAG, "Mismatched fingerprints; system reported " + system 1372 + " but bootimage reported " + bootimage); 1373 return false; 1374 } 1375 } 1376 1377 if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(requiredBootloader)) { 1378 if (!Objects.equals(currentBootloader, requiredBootloader)) { 1379 Slog.e(TAG, "Mismatched bootloader version: build requires " + requiredBootloader 1380 + " but runtime reports " + currentBootloader); 1381 return false; 1382 } 1383 } 1384 1385 if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(requiredRadio)) { 1386 if (!Objects.equals(currentRadio, requiredRadio)) { 1387 Slog.e(TAG, "Mismatched radio version: build requires " + requiredRadio 1388 + " but runtime reports " + currentRadio); 1389 return false; 1390 } 1391 } 1392 */ 1393 1394 return true; 1395 } 1396 1397 /** Build information for a particular device partition. */ 1398 public static class Partition { 1399 /** The name identifying the system partition. */ 1400 public static final String PARTITION_NAME_SYSTEM = "system"; 1401 /** @hide */ 1402 public static final String PARTITION_NAME_BOOTIMAGE = "bootimage"; 1403 /** @hide */ 1404 public static final String PARTITION_NAME_ODM = "odm"; 1405 /** @hide */ 1406 public static final String PARTITION_NAME_OEM = "oem"; 1407 /** @hide */ 1408 public static final String PARTITION_NAME_PRODUCT = "product"; 1409 /** @hide */ 1410 public static final String PARTITION_NAME_SYSTEM_EXT = "system_ext"; 1411 /** @hide */ 1412 public static final String PARTITION_NAME_VENDOR = "vendor"; 1413 1414 private final String mName; 1415 private final String mFingerprint; 1416 private final long mTimeMs; 1417 Partition(String name, String fingerprint, long timeMs)1418 private Partition(String name, String fingerprint, long timeMs) { 1419 mName = name; 1420 mFingerprint = fingerprint; 1421 mTimeMs = timeMs; 1422 } 1423 1424 /** The name of this partition, e.g. "system", or "vendor" */ 1425 @NonNull getName()1426 public String getName() { 1427 return mName; 1428 } 1429 1430 /** The build fingerprint of this partition, see {@link Build#FINGERPRINT}. */ 1431 @NonNull getFingerprint()1432 public String getFingerprint() { 1433 return mFingerprint; 1434 } 1435 1436 /** The time (ms since epoch), at which this partition was built, see {@link Build#TIME}. */ getBuildTimeMillis()1437 public long getBuildTimeMillis() { 1438 return mTimeMs; 1439 } 1440 1441 @Override equals(@ullable Object o)1442 public boolean equals(@Nullable Object o) { 1443 if (!(o instanceof Partition)) { 1444 return false; 1445 } 1446 Partition op = (Partition) o; 1447 return mName.equals(op.mName) 1448 && mFingerprint.equals(op.mFingerprint) 1449 && mTimeMs == op.mTimeMs; 1450 } 1451 1452 @Override hashCode()1453 public int hashCode() { 1454 return Objects.hash(mName, mFingerprint, mTimeMs); 1455 } 1456 } 1457 1458 /** 1459 * Get build information about partitions that have a separate fingerprint defined. 1460 * 1461 * The list includes partitions that are suitable candidates for over-the-air updates. This is 1462 * not an exhaustive list of partitions on the device. 1463 */ 1464 @NonNull getFingerprintedPartitions()1465 public static List<Partition> getFingerprintedPartitions() { 1466 ArrayList<Partition> partitions = new ArrayList(); 1467 1468 String[] names = new String[] { 1469 Partition.PARTITION_NAME_BOOTIMAGE, 1470 Partition.PARTITION_NAME_ODM, 1471 Partition.PARTITION_NAME_PRODUCT, 1472 Partition.PARTITION_NAME_SYSTEM_EXT, 1473 Partition.PARTITION_NAME_SYSTEM, 1474 Partition.PARTITION_NAME_VENDOR 1475 }; 1476 for (String name : names) { 1477 String fingerprint = SystemProperties.get("ro." + name + ".build.fingerprint"); 1478 if (TextUtils.isEmpty(fingerprint)) { 1479 continue; 1480 } 1481 long time = getLong("ro." + name + ".build.date.utc") * 1000; 1482 partitions.add(new Partition(name, fingerprint, time)); 1483 } 1484 1485 return partitions; 1486 } 1487 1488 // The following properties only make sense for internal engineering builds. 1489 1490 /** The time at which the build was produced, given in milliseconds since the UNIX epoch. */ 1491 public static final long TIME = getLong("ro.build.date.utc") * 1000; 1492 public static final String USER = getString("ro.build.user"); 1493 public static final String HOST = getString("ro.build.host"); 1494 1495 /** 1496 * Returns true if the device is running a debuggable build such as "userdebug" or "eng". 1497 * 1498 * Debuggable builds allow users to gain root access via local shell, attach debuggers to any 1499 * application regardless of whether they have the "debuggable" attribute set, or downgrade 1500 * selinux into "permissive" mode in particular. 1501 * @hide 1502 */ 1503 @UnsupportedAppUsage 1504 public static final boolean IS_DEBUGGABLE = 1505 SystemProperties.getInt("ro.debuggable", 0) == 1; 1506 1507 /** 1508 * Returns true if the device is running a debuggable build such as "userdebug" or "eng". 1509 * 1510 * Debuggable builds allow users to gain root access via local shell, attach debuggers to any 1511 * application regardless of whether they have the "debuggable" attribute set, or downgrade 1512 * selinux into "permissive" mode in particular. 1513 * @hide 1514 */ 1515 @TestApi 1516 @SystemApi(client = SystemApi.Client.MODULE_LIBRARIES) isDebuggable()1517 public static boolean isDebuggable() { 1518 return IS_DEBUGGABLE; 1519 } 1520 1521 /** {@hide} */ 1522 public static final boolean IS_ENG = "eng".equals(TYPE); 1523 /** {@hide} */ 1524 public static final boolean IS_USERDEBUG = "userdebug".equals(TYPE); 1525 /** {@hide} */ 1526 public static final boolean IS_USER = "user".equals(TYPE); 1527 1528 /** 1529 * Whether this build is running on ARC, the Android Runtime for Chrome 1530 * (https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromiumos/docs/+/master/containers_and_vms.md). 1531 * Prior to R this was implemented as a container but from R this will be 1532 * a VM. The name of the property remains ro.boot.conntainer as it is 1533 * referenced in other projects. 1534 * 1535 * We should try to avoid checking this flag if possible to minimize 1536 * unnecessarily diverging from non-container Android behavior. 1537 * Checking this flag is acceptable when low-level resources being 1538 * different, e.g. the availability of certain capabilities, access to 1539 * system resources being restricted, and the fact that the host OS might 1540 * handle some features for us. 1541 * For higher-level behavior differences, other checks should be preferred. 1542 * @hide 1543 */ 1544 public static final boolean IS_ARC = 1545 SystemProperties.getBoolean("ro.boot.container", false); 1546 1547 /** 1548 * Specifies whether the permissions needed by a legacy app should be 1549 * reviewed before any of its components can run. A legacy app is one 1550 * with targetSdkVersion < 23, i.e apps using the old permission model. 1551 * If review is not required, permissions are reviewed before the app 1552 * is installed. 1553 * 1554 * @hide 1555 * @removed 1556 */ 1557 @SystemApi 1558 public static final boolean PERMISSIONS_REVIEW_REQUIRED = true; 1559 1560 /** 1561 * Returns the version string for the radio firmware. May return 1562 * null (if, for instance, the radio is not currently on). 1563 */ getRadioVersion()1564 public static String getRadioVersion() { 1565 return joinListOrElse(TelephonyProperties.baseband_version(), null); 1566 } 1567 1568 @UnsupportedAppUsage getString(String property)1569 private static String getString(String property) { 1570 return SystemProperties.get(property, UNKNOWN); 1571 } 1572 /** 1573 * Return attestation specific proerties. 1574 * @param property model, name, brand, device or manufacturer. 1575 * @return property value or UNKNOWN 1576 */ getVendorDeviceIdProperty(String property)1577 private static String getVendorDeviceIdProperty(String property) { 1578 String attestProp = getString( 1579 TextUtils.formatSimple("ro.product.%s_for_attestation", property)); 1580 return attestProp.equals(UNKNOWN) 1581 ? getString(TextUtils.formatSimple("ro.product.vendor.%s", property)) : attestProp; 1582 } 1583 getStringList(String property, String separator)1584 private static String[] getStringList(String property, String separator) { 1585 String value = SystemProperties.get(property); 1586 if (value.isEmpty()) { 1587 return new String[0]; 1588 } else { 1589 return value.split(separator); 1590 } 1591 } 1592 1593 @UnsupportedAppUsage getLong(String property)1594 private static long getLong(String property) { 1595 try { 1596 return Long.parseLong(SystemProperties.get(property)); 1597 } catch (NumberFormatException e) { 1598 return -1; 1599 } 1600 } 1601 joinListOrElse(List<T> list, String defaultValue)1602 private static <T> String joinListOrElse(List<T> list, String defaultValue) { 1603 String ret = list.stream().map(elem -> elem == null ? "" : elem.toString()) 1604 .collect(Collectors.joining(",")); 1605 return ret.isEmpty() ? defaultValue : ret; 1606 } 1607 } 1608