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1 //===--- Lookup.h - Classes for name lookup ---------------------*- C++ -*-===//
2 //
3 //                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
4 //
5 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
6 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
7 //
8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
9 //
10 // This file defines the LookupResult class, which is integral to
11 // Sema's name-lookup subsystem.
12 //
13 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
14 
15 #ifndef LLVM_CLANG_SEMA_LOOKUP_H
16 #define LLVM_CLANG_SEMA_LOOKUP_H
17 
18 #include "clang/Sema/Sema.h"
19 #include "clang/AST/DeclCXX.h"
20 
21 namespace clang {
22 
23 /// @brief Represents the results of name lookup.
24 ///
25 /// An instance of the LookupResult class captures the results of a
26 /// single name lookup, which can return no result (nothing found),
27 /// a single declaration, a set of overloaded functions, or an
28 /// ambiguity. Use the getKind() method to determine which of these
29 /// results occurred for a given lookup.
30 class LookupResult {
31 public:
32   enum LookupResultKind {
33     /// @brief No entity found met the criteria.
34     NotFound = 0,
35 
36     /// @brief No entity found met the criteria within the current
37     /// instantiation,, but there were dependent base classes of the
38     /// current instantiation that could not be searched.
39     NotFoundInCurrentInstantiation,
40 
41     /// @brief Name lookup found a single declaration that met the
42     /// criteria.  getFoundDecl() will return this declaration.
43     Found,
44 
45     /// @brief Name lookup found a set of overloaded functions that
46     /// met the criteria.
47     FoundOverloaded,
48 
49     /// @brief Name lookup found an unresolvable value declaration
50     /// and cannot yet complete.  This only happens in C++ dependent
51     /// contexts with dependent using declarations.
52     FoundUnresolvedValue,
53 
54     /// @brief Name lookup results in an ambiguity; use
55     /// getAmbiguityKind to figure out what kind of ambiguity
56     /// we have.
57     Ambiguous
58   };
59 
60   enum AmbiguityKind {
61     /// Name lookup results in an ambiguity because multiple
62     /// entities that meet the lookup criteria were found in
63     /// subobjects of different types. For example:
64     /// @code
65     /// struct A { void f(int); }
66     /// struct B { void f(double); }
67     /// struct C : A, B { };
68     /// void test(C c) {
69     ///   c.f(0); // error: A::f and B::f come from subobjects of different
70     ///           // types. overload resolution is not performed.
71     /// }
72     /// @endcode
73     AmbiguousBaseSubobjectTypes,
74 
75     /// Name lookup results in an ambiguity because multiple
76     /// nonstatic entities that meet the lookup criteria were found
77     /// in different subobjects of the same type. For example:
78     /// @code
79     /// struct A { int x; };
80     /// struct B : A { };
81     /// struct C : A { };
82     /// struct D : B, C { };
83     /// int test(D d) {
84     ///   return d.x; // error: 'x' is found in two A subobjects (of B and C)
85     /// }
86     /// @endcode
87     AmbiguousBaseSubobjects,
88 
89     /// Name lookup results in an ambiguity because multiple definitions
90     /// of entity that meet the lookup criteria were found in different
91     /// declaration contexts.
92     /// @code
93     /// namespace A {
94     ///   int i;
95     ///   namespace B { int i; }
96     ///   int test() {
97     ///     using namespace B;
98     ///     return i; // error 'i' is found in namespace A and A::B
99     ///    }
100     /// }
101     /// @endcode
102     AmbiguousReference,
103 
104     /// Name lookup results in an ambiguity because an entity with a
105     /// tag name was hidden by an entity with an ordinary name from
106     /// a different context.
107     /// @code
108     /// namespace A { struct Foo {}; }
109     /// namespace B { void Foo(); }
110     /// namespace C {
111     ///   using namespace A;
112     ///   using namespace B;
113     /// }
114     /// void test() {
115     ///   C::Foo(); // error: tag 'A::Foo' is hidden by an object in a
116     ///             // different namespace
117     /// }
118     /// @endcode
119     AmbiguousTagHiding
120   };
121 
122   /// A little identifier for flagging temporary lookup results.
123   enum TemporaryToken {
124     Temporary
125   };
126 
127   typedef UnresolvedSetImpl::iterator iterator;
128 
129   LookupResult(Sema &SemaRef, const DeclarationNameInfo &NameInfo,
130                Sema::LookupNameKind LookupKind,
131                Sema::RedeclarationKind Redecl = Sema::NotForRedeclaration)
ResultKind(NotFound)132     : ResultKind(NotFound),
133       Paths(0),
134       NamingClass(0),
135       SemaRef(SemaRef),
136       NameInfo(NameInfo),
137       LookupKind(LookupKind),
138       IDNS(0),
139       Redecl(Redecl != Sema::NotForRedeclaration),
140       HideTags(true),
141       Diagnose(Redecl == Sema::NotForRedeclaration)
142   {
143     configure();
144   }
145 
146   // TODO: consider whether this constructor should be restricted to take
147   // as input a const IndentifierInfo* (instead of Name),
148   // forcing other cases towards the constructor taking a DNInfo.
149   LookupResult(Sema &SemaRef, DeclarationName Name,
150                SourceLocation NameLoc, Sema::LookupNameKind LookupKind,
151                Sema::RedeclarationKind Redecl = Sema::NotForRedeclaration)
ResultKind(NotFound)152     : ResultKind(NotFound),
153       Paths(0),
154       NamingClass(0),
155       SemaRef(SemaRef),
156       NameInfo(Name, NameLoc),
157       LookupKind(LookupKind),
158       IDNS(0),
159       Redecl(Redecl != Sema::NotForRedeclaration),
160       HideTags(true),
161       Diagnose(Redecl == Sema::NotForRedeclaration)
162   {
163     configure();
164   }
165 
166   /// Creates a temporary lookup result, initializing its core data
167   /// using the information from another result.  Diagnostics are always
168   /// disabled.
LookupResult(TemporaryToken _,const LookupResult & Other)169   LookupResult(TemporaryToken _, const LookupResult &Other)
170     : ResultKind(NotFound),
171       Paths(0),
172       NamingClass(0),
173       SemaRef(Other.SemaRef),
174       NameInfo(Other.NameInfo),
175       LookupKind(Other.LookupKind),
176       IDNS(Other.IDNS),
177       Redecl(Other.Redecl),
178       HideTags(Other.HideTags),
179       Diagnose(false)
180   {}
181 
~LookupResult()182   ~LookupResult() {
183     if (Diagnose) diagnose();
184     if (Paths) deletePaths(Paths);
185   }
186 
187   /// Gets the name info to look up.
getLookupNameInfo()188   const DeclarationNameInfo &getLookupNameInfo() const {
189     return NameInfo;
190   }
191 
192   /// \brief Sets the name info to look up.
setLookupNameInfo(const DeclarationNameInfo & NameInfo)193   void setLookupNameInfo(const DeclarationNameInfo &NameInfo) {
194     this->NameInfo = NameInfo;
195   }
196 
197   /// Gets the name to look up.
getLookupName()198   DeclarationName getLookupName() const {
199     return NameInfo.getName();
200   }
201 
202   /// \brief Sets the name to look up.
setLookupName(DeclarationName Name)203   void setLookupName(DeclarationName Name) {
204     NameInfo.setName(Name);
205   }
206 
207   /// Gets the kind of lookup to perform.
getLookupKind()208   Sema::LookupNameKind getLookupKind() const {
209     return LookupKind;
210   }
211 
212   /// True if this lookup is just looking for an existing declaration.
isForRedeclaration()213   bool isForRedeclaration() const {
214     return Redecl;
215   }
216 
217   /// Sets whether tag declarations should be hidden by non-tag
218   /// declarations during resolution.  The default is true.
setHideTags(bool Hide)219   void setHideTags(bool Hide) {
220     HideTags = Hide;
221   }
222 
isAmbiguous()223   bool isAmbiguous() const {
224     return getResultKind() == Ambiguous;
225   }
226 
227   /// Determines if this names a single result which is not an
228   /// unresolved value using decl.  If so, it is safe to call
229   /// getFoundDecl().
isSingleResult()230   bool isSingleResult() const {
231     return getResultKind() == Found;
232   }
233 
234   /// Determines if the results are overloaded.
isOverloadedResult()235   bool isOverloadedResult() const {
236     return getResultKind() == FoundOverloaded;
237   }
238 
isUnresolvableResult()239   bool isUnresolvableResult() const {
240     return getResultKind() == FoundUnresolvedValue;
241   }
242 
getResultKind()243   LookupResultKind getResultKind() const {
244     sanity();
245     return ResultKind;
246   }
247 
getAmbiguityKind()248   AmbiguityKind getAmbiguityKind() const {
249     assert(isAmbiguous());
250     return Ambiguity;
251   }
252 
asUnresolvedSet()253   const UnresolvedSetImpl &asUnresolvedSet() const {
254     return Decls;
255   }
256 
begin()257   iterator begin() const { return iterator(Decls.begin()); }
end()258   iterator end() const { return iterator(Decls.end()); }
259 
260   /// \brief Return true if no decls were found
empty()261   bool empty() const { return Decls.empty(); }
262 
263   /// \brief Return the base paths structure that's associated with
264   /// these results, or null if none is.
getBasePaths()265   CXXBasePaths *getBasePaths() const {
266     return Paths;
267   }
268 
269   /// \brief Tests whether the given declaration is acceptable.
isAcceptableDecl(NamedDecl * D)270   bool isAcceptableDecl(NamedDecl *D) const {
271     return D->isInIdentifierNamespace(IDNS);
272   }
273 
274   /// \brief Returns the identifier namespace mask for this lookup.
getIdentifierNamespace()275   unsigned getIdentifierNamespace() const {
276     return IDNS;
277   }
278 
279   /// \brief Returns whether these results arose from performing a
280   /// lookup into a class.
isClassLookup()281   bool isClassLookup() const {
282     return NamingClass != 0;
283   }
284 
285   /// \brief Set whether the name lookup is triggered by a
286   /// using declaration.
setUsingDeclaration(bool U)287   void setUsingDeclaration(bool U) {
288     UsingDeclaration = U;
289   }
290 
291   /// \brief Returns whether the name lookup is triggered by a
292   /// using declaration.
isUsingDeclaration()293   bool isUsingDeclaration() const {
294     return UsingDeclaration;
295   }
296 
297   /// \brief Returns the 'naming class' for this lookup, i.e. the
298   /// class which was looked into to find these results.
299   ///
300   /// C++0x [class.access.base]p5:
301   ///   The access to a member is affected by the class in which the
302   ///   member is named. This naming class is the class in which the
303   ///   member name was looked up and found. [Note: this class can be
304   ///   explicit, e.g., when a qualified-id is used, or implicit,
305   ///   e.g., when a class member access operator (5.2.5) is used
306   ///   (including cases where an implicit "this->" is added). If both
307   ///   a class member access operator and a qualified-id are used to
308   ///   name the member (as in p->T::m), the class naming the member
309   ///   is the class named by the nested-name-specifier of the
310   ///   qualified-id (that is, T). -- end note ]
311   ///
312   /// This is set by the lookup routines when they find results in a class.
getNamingClass()313   CXXRecordDecl *getNamingClass() const {
314     return NamingClass;
315   }
316 
317   /// \brief Sets the 'naming class' for this lookup.
setNamingClass(CXXRecordDecl * Record)318   void setNamingClass(CXXRecordDecl *Record) {
319     NamingClass = Record;
320   }
321 
322   /// \brief Returns the base object type associated with this lookup;
323   /// important for [class.protected].  Most lookups do not have an
324   /// associated base object.
getBaseObjectType()325   QualType getBaseObjectType() const {
326     return BaseObjectType;
327   }
328 
329   /// \brief Sets the base object type for this lookup.
setBaseObjectType(QualType T)330   void setBaseObjectType(QualType T) {
331     BaseObjectType = T;
332   }
333 
334   /// \brief Add a declaration to these results with its natural access.
335   /// Does not test the acceptance criteria.
addDecl(NamedDecl * D)336   void addDecl(NamedDecl *D) {
337     addDecl(D, D->getAccess());
338   }
339 
340   /// \brief Add a declaration to these results with the given access.
341   /// Does not test the acceptance criteria.
addDecl(NamedDecl * D,AccessSpecifier AS)342   void addDecl(NamedDecl *D, AccessSpecifier AS) {
343     Decls.addDecl(D, AS);
344     ResultKind = Found;
345   }
346 
347   /// \brief Add all the declarations from another set of lookup
348   /// results.
addAllDecls(const LookupResult & Other)349   void addAllDecls(const LookupResult &Other) {
350     Decls.append(Other.Decls.begin(), Other.Decls.end());
351     ResultKind = Found;
352   }
353 
354   /// \brief Determine whether no result was found because we could not
355   /// search into dependent base classes of the current instantiation.
wasNotFoundInCurrentInstantiation()356   bool wasNotFoundInCurrentInstantiation() const {
357     return ResultKind == NotFoundInCurrentInstantiation;
358   }
359 
360   /// \brief Note that while no result was found in the current instantiation,
361   /// there were dependent base classes that could not be searched.
setNotFoundInCurrentInstantiation()362   void setNotFoundInCurrentInstantiation() {
363     assert(ResultKind == NotFound && Decls.empty());
364     ResultKind = NotFoundInCurrentInstantiation;
365   }
366 
367   /// \brief Resolves the result kind of the lookup, possibly hiding
368   /// decls.
369   ///
370   /// This should be called in any environment where lookup might
371   /// generate multiple lookup results.
372   void resolveKind();
373 
374   /// \brief Re-resolves the result kind of the lookup after a set of
375   /// removals has been performed.
resolveKindAfterFilter()376   void resolveKindAfterFilter() {
377     if (Decls.empty()) {
378       if (ResultKind != NotFoundInCurrentInstantiation)
379         ResultKind = NotFound;
380 
381       if (Paths) {
382         deletePaths(Paths);
383         Paths = 0;
384       }
385     } else {
386       AmbiguityKind SavedAK = Ambiguity;
387       ResultKind = Found;
388       resolveKind();
389 
390       // If we didn't make the lookup unambiguous, restore the old
391       // ambiguity kind.
392       if (ResultKind == Ambiguous) {
393         Ambiguity = SavedAK;
394       } else if (Paths) {
395         deletePaths(Paths);
396         Paths = 0;
397       }
398     }
399   }
400 
401   template <class DeclClass>
getAsSingle()402   DeclClass *getAsSingle() const {
403     if (getResultKind() != Found) return 0;
404     return dyn_cast<DeclClass>(getFoundDecl());
405   }
406 
407   /// \brief Fetch the unique decl found by this lookup.  Asserts
408   /// that one was found.
409   ///
410   /// This is intended for users who have examined the result kind
411   /// and are certain that there is only one result.
getFoundDecl()412   NamedDecl *getFoundDecl() const {
413     assert(getResultKind() == Found
414            && "getFoundDecl called on non-unique result");
415     return (*begin())->getUnderlyingDecl();
416   }
417 
418   /// Fetches a representative decl.  Useful for lazy diagnostics.
getRepresentativeDecl()419   NamedDecl *getRepresentativeDecl() const {
420     assert(!Decls.empty() && "cannot get representative of empty set");
421     return *begin();
422   }
423 
424   /// \brief Asks if the result is a single tag decl.
isSingleTagDecl()425   bool isSingleTagDecl() const {
426     return getResultKind() == Found && isa<TagDecl>(getFoundDecl());
427   }
428 
429   /// \brief Make these results show that the name was found in
430   /// base classes of different types.
431   ///
432   /// The given paths object is copied and invalidated.
433   void setAmbiguousBaseSubobjectTypes(CXXBasePaths &P);
434 
435   /// \brief Make these results show that the name was found in
436   /// distinct base classes of the same type.
437   ///
438   /// The given paths object is copied and invalidated.
439   void setAmbiguousBaseSubobjects(CXXBasePaths &P);
440 
441   /// \brief Make these results show that the name was found in
442   /// different contexts and a tag decl was hidden by an ordinary
443   /// decl in a different context.
setAmbiguousQualifiedTagHiding()444   void setAmbiguousQualifiedTagHiding() {
445     setAmbiguous(AmbiguousTagHiding);
446   }
447 
448   /// \brief Clears out any current state.
clear()449   void clear() {
450     ResultKind = NotFound;
451     Decls.clear();
452     if (Paths) deletePaths(Paths);
453     Paths = NULL;
454     NamingClass = 0;
455   }
456 
457   /// \brief Clears out any current state and re-initializes for a
458   /// different kind of lookup.
clear(Sema::LookupNameKind Kind)459   void clear(Sema::LookupNameKind Kind) {
460     clear();
461     LookupKind = Kind;
462     configure();
463   }
464 
465   /// \brief Change this lookup's redeclaration kind.
setRedeclarationKind(Sema::RedeclarationKind RK)466   void setRedeclarationKind(Sema::RedeclarationKind RK) {
467     Redecl = RK;
468     configure();
469   }
470 
471   void print(llvm::raw_ostream &);
472 
473   /// Suppress the diagnostics that would normally fire because of this
474   /// lookup.  This happens during (e.g.) redeclaration lookups.
suppressDiagnostics()475   void suppressDiagnostics() {
476     Diagnose = false;
477   }
478 
479   /// Determines whether this lookup is suppressing diagnostics.
isSuppressingDiagnostics()480   bool isSuppressingDiagnostics() const {
481     return !Diagnose;
482   }
483 
484   /// Sets a 'context' source range.
setContextRange(SourceRange SR)485   void setContextRange(SourceRange SR) {
486     NameContextRange = SR;
487   }
488 
489   /// Gets the source range of the context of this name; for C++
490   /// qualified lookups, this is the source range of the scope
491   /// specifier.
getContextRange()492   SourceRange getContextRange() const {
493     return NameContextRange;
494   }
495 
496   /// Gets the location of the identifier.  This isn't always defined:
497   /// sometimes we're doing lookups on synthesized names.
getNameLoc()498   SourceLocation getNameLoc() const {
499     return NameInfo.getLoc();
500   }
501 
502   /// \brief Get the Sema object that this lookup result is searching
503   /// with.
getSema()504   Sema &getSema() const { return SemaRef; }
505 
506   /// A class for iterating through a result set and possibly
507   /// filtering out results.  The results returned are possibly
508   /// sugared.
509   class Filter {
510     LookupResult &Results;
511     LookupResult::iterator I;
512     bool Changed;
513     bool CalledDone;
514 
515     friend class LookupResult;
Filter(LookupResult & Results)516     Filter(LookupResult &Results)
517       : Results(Results), I(Results.begin()), Changed(false), CalledDone(false)
518     {}
519 
520   public:
~Filter()521     ~Filter() {
522       assert(CalledDone &&
523              "LookupResult::Filter destroyed without done() call");
524     }
525 
hasNext()526     bool hasNext() const {
527       return I != Results.end();
528     }
529 
next()530     NamedDecl *next() {
531       assert(I != Results.end() && "next() called on empty filter");
532       return *I++;
533     }
534 
535     /// Erase the last element returned from this iterator.
erase()536     void erase() {
537       Results.Decls.erase(--I);
538       Changed = true;
539     }
540 
541     /// Replaces the current entry with the given one, preserving the
542     /// access bits.
replace(NamedDecl * D)543     void replace(NamedDecl *D) {
544       Results.Decls.replace(I-1, D);
545       Changed = true;
546     }
547 
548     /// Replaces the current entry with the given one.
replace(NamedDecl * D,AccessSpecifier AS)549     void replace(NamedDecl *D, AccessSpecifier AS) {
550       Results.Decls.replace(I-1, D, AS);
551       Changed = true;
552     }
553 
done()554     void done() {
555       assert(!CalledDone && "done() called twice");
556       CalledDone = true;
557 
558       if (Changed)
559         Results.resolveKindAfterFilter();
560     }
561   };
562 
563   /// Create a filter for this result set.
makeFilter()564   Filter makeFilter() {
565     return Filter(*this);
566   }
567 
568 private:
diagnose()569   void diagnose() {
570     if (isAmbiguous())
571       SemaRef.DiagnoseAmbiguousLookup(*this);
572     else if (isClassLookup() && SemaRef.getLangOptions().AccessControl)
573       SemaRef.CheckLookupAccess(*this);
574   }
575 
setAmbiguous(AmbiguityKind AK)576   void setAmbiguous(AmbiguityKind AK) {
577     ResultKind = Ambiguous;
578     Ambiguity = AK;
579   }
580 
581   void addDeclsFromBasePaths(const CXXBasePaths &P);
582   void configure();
583 
584   // Sanity checks.
585   void sanity() const;
586 
sanityCheckUnresolved()587   bool sanityCheckUnresolved() const {
588     for (iterator I = begin(), E = end(); I != E; ++I)
589       if (isa<UnresolvedUsingValueDecl>(*I))
590         return true;
591     return false;
592   }
593 
594   static void deletePaths(CXXBasePaths *);
595 
596   // Results.
597   LookupResultKind ResultKind;
598   AmbiguityKind Ambiguity; // ill-defined unless ambiguous
599   UnresolvedSet<8> Decls;
600   CXXBasePaths *Paths;
601   CXXRecordDecl *NamingClass;
602   QualType BaseObjectType;
603 
604   // Parameters.
605   Sema &SemaRef;
606   DeclarationNameInfo NameInfo;
607   SourceRange NameContextRange;
608   Sema::LookupNameKind LookupKind;
609   unsigned IDNS; // set by configure()
610 
611   bool Redecl;
612 
613   /// \brief True if tag declarations should be hidden if non-tags
614   ///   are present
615   bool HideTags;
616 
617   bool Diagnose;
618 
619   /// \brief True if the lookup is triggered by a using declaration.
620   /// Necessary to handle a MSVC bug.
621   bool UsingDeclaration;
622 };
623 
624   /// \brief Consumes visible declarations found when searching for
625   /// all visible names within a given scope or context.
626   ///
627   /// This abstract class is meant to be subclassed by clients of \c
628   /// Sema::LookupVisibleDecls(), each of which should override the \c
629   /// FoundDecl() function to process declarations as they are found.
630   class VisibleDeclConsumer {
631   public:
632     /// \brief Destroys the visible declaration consumer.
633     virtual ~VisibleDeclConsumer();
634 
635     /// \brief Invoked each time \p Sema::LookupVisibleDecls() finds a
636     /// declaration visible from the current scope or context.
637     ///
638     /// \param ND the declaration found.
639     ///
640     /// \param Hiding a declaration that hides the declaration \p ND,
641     /// or NULL if no such declaration exists.
642     ///
643     /// \param InBaseClass whether this declaration was found in base
644     /// class of the context we searched.
645     virtual void FoundDecl(NamedDecl *ND, NamedDecl *Hiding,
646                            bool InBaseClass) = 0;
647   };
648 
649 /// \brief A class for storing results from argument-dependent lookup.
650 class ADLResult {
651 private:
652   /// A map from canonical decls to the 'most recent' decl.
653   llvm::DenseMap<NamedDecl*, NamedDecl*> Decls;
654 
655 public:
656   /// Adds a new ADL candidate to this map.
657   void insert(NamedDecl *D);
658 
659   /// Removes any data associated with a given decl.
erase(NamedDecl * D)660   void erase(NamedDecl *D) {
661     Decls.erase(cast<NamedDecl>(D->getCanonicalDecl()));
662   }
663 
664   class iterator {
665     typedef llvm::DenseMap<NamedDecl*,NamedDecl*>::iterator inner_iterator;
666     inner_iterator iter;
667 
668     friend class ADLResult;
iterator(const inner_iterator & iter)669     iterator(const inner_iterator &iter) : iter(iter) {}
670   public:
iterator()671     iterator() {}
672 
673     iterator &operator++() { ++iter; return *this; }
674     iterator operator++(int) { return iterator(iter++); }
675 
676     NamedDecl *operator*() const { return iter->second; }
677 
678     bool operator==(const iterator &other) const { return iter == other.iter; }
679     bool operator!=(const iterator &other) const { return iter != other.iter; }
680   };
681 
begin()682   iterator begin() { return iterator(Decls.begin()); }
end()683   iterator end() { return iterator(Decls.end()); }
684 };
685 
686 }
687 
688 #endif
689