1 // SValBuilder.cpp - Basic class for all SValBuilder implementations -*- C++ -*-
2 //
3 // The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
4 //
5 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
6 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
7 //
8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
9 //
10 // This file defines SValBuilder, the base class for all (complete) SValBuilder
11 // implementations.
12 //
13 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
14
15 #include "clang/AST/ExprCXX.h"
16 #include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/PathSensitive/MemRegion.h"
17 #include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/PathSensitive/SVals.h"
18 #include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/PathSensitive/SValBuilder.h"
19 #include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/PathSensitive/ProgramState.h"
20 #include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/PathSensitive/BasicValueFactory.h"
21
22 using namespace clang;
23 using namespace ento;
24
25 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
26 // Basic SVal creation.
27 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
28
anchor()29 void SValBuilder::anchor() { }
30
makeZeroVal(QualType type)31 DefinedOrUnknownSVal SValBuilder::makeZeroVal(QualType type) {
32 if (Loc::isLocType(type))
33 return makeNull();
34
35 if (type->isIntegerType())
36 return makeIntVal(0, type);
37
38 // FIXME: Handle floats.
39 // FIXME: Handle structs.
40 return UnknownVal();
41 }
42
makeNonLoc(const SymExpr * lhs,BinaryOperator::Opcode op,const llvm::APSInt & rhs,QualType type)43 NonLoc SValBuilder::makeNonLoc(const SymExpr *lhs, BinaryOperator::Opcode op,
44 const llvm::APSInt& rhs, QualType type) {
45 // The Environment ensures we always get a persistent APSInt in
46 // BasicValueFactory, so we don't need to get the APSInt from
47 // BasicValueFactory again.
48 assert(lhs);
49 assert(!Loc::isLocType(type));
50 return nonloc::SymbolVal(SymMgr.getSymIntExpr(lhs, op, rhs, type));
51 }
52
makeNonLoc(const llvm::APSInt & lhs,BinaryOperator::Opcode op,const SymExpr * rhs,QualType type)53 NonLoc SValBuilder::makeNonLoc(const llvm::APSInt& lhs,
54 BinaryOperator::Opcode op, const SymExpr *rhs,
55 QualType type) {
56 assert(rhs);
57 assert(!Loc::isLocType(type));
58 return nonloc::SymbolVal(SymMgr.getIntSymExpr(lhs, op, rhs, type));
59 }
60
makeNonLoc(const SymExpr * lhs,BinaryOperator::Opcode op,const SymExpr * rhs,QualType type)61 NonLoc SValBuilder::makeNonLoc(const SymExpr *lhs, BinaryOperator::Opcode op,
62 const SymExpr *rhs, QualType type) {
63 assert(lhs && rhs);
64 assert(haveSameType(lhs->getType(Context), rhs->getType(Context)) == true);
65 assert(!Loc::isLocType(type));
66 return nonloc::SymbolVal(SymMgr.getSymSymExpr(lhs, op, rhs, type));
67 }
68
makeNonLoc(const SymExpr * operand,QualType fromTy,QualType toTy)69 NonLoc SValBuilder::makeNonLoc(const SymExpr *operand,
70 QualType fromTy, QualType toTy) {
71 assert(operand);
72 assert(!Loc::isLocType(toTy));
73 return nonloc::SymbolVal(SymMgr.getCastSymbol(operand, fromTy, toTy));
74 }
75
convertToArrayIndex(SVal val)76 SVal SValBuilder::convertToArrayIndex(SVal val) {
77 if (val.isUnknownOrUndef())
78 return val;
79
80 // Common case: we have an appropriately sized integer.
81 if (nonloc::ConcreteInt* CI = dyn_cast<nonloc::ConcreteInt>(&val)) {
82 const llvm::APSInt& I = CI->getValue();
83 if (I.getBitWidth() == ArrayIndexWidth && I.isSigned())
84 return val;
85 }
86
87 return evalCastFromNonLoc(cast<NonLoc>(val), ArrayIndexTy);
88 }
89
makeBoolVal(const CXXBoolLiteralExpr * boolean)90 nonloc::ConcreteInt SValBuilder::makeBoolVal(const CXXBoolLiteralExpr *boolean){
91 return makeTruthVal(boolean->getValue());
92 }
93
94 DefinedOrUnknownSVal
getRegionValueSymbolVal(const TypedValueRegion * region)95 SValBuilder::getRegionValueSymbolVal(const TypedValueRegion* region) {
96 QualType T = region->getValueType();
97
98 if (!SymbolManager::canSymbolicate(T))
99 return UnknownVal();
100
101 SymbolRef sym = SymMgr.getRegionValueSymbol(region);
102
103 if (Loc::isLocType(T))
104 return loc::MemRegionVal(MemMgr.getSymbolicRegion(sym));
105
106 return nonloc::SymbolVal(sym);
107 }
108
109 DefinedOrUnknownSVal
getConjuredSymbolVal(const void * symbolTag,const Expr * expr,const LocationContext * LCtx,unsigned count)110 SValBuilder::getConjuredSymbolVal(const void *symbolTag,
111 const Expr *expr,
112 const LocationContext *LCtx,
113 unsigned count) {
114 QualType T = expr->getType();
115 return getConjuredSymbolVal(symbolTag, expr, LCtx, T, count);
116 }
117
118 DefinedOrUnknownSVal
getConjuredSymbolVal(const void * symbolTag,const Expr * expr,const LocationContext * LCtx,QualType type,unsigned count)119 SValBuilder::getConjuredSymbolVal(const void *symbolTag,
120 const Expr *expr,
121 const LocationContext *LCtx,
122 QualType type,
123 unsigned count) {
124 if (!SymbolManager::canSymbolicate(type))
125 return UnknownVal();
126
127 SymbolRef sym = SymMgr.getConjuredSymbol(expr, LCtx, type, count, symbolTag);
128
129 if (Loc::isLocType(type))
130 return loc::MemRegionVal(MemMgr.getSymbolicRegion(sym));
131
132 return nonloc::SymbolVal(sym);
133 }
134
135
136 DefinedOrUnknownSVal
getConjuredSymbolVal(const Stmt * stmt,const LocationContext * LCtx,QualType type,unsigned visitCount)137 SValBuilder::getConjuredSymbolVal(const Stmt *stmt,
138 const LocationContext *LCtx,
139 QualType type,
140 unsigned visitCount) {
141 if (!SymbolManager::canSymbolicate(type))
142 return UnknownVal();
143
144 SymbolRef sym = SymMgr.getConjuredSymbol(stmt, LCtx, type, visitCount);
145
146 if (Loc::isLocType(type))
147 return loc::MemRegionVal(MemMgr.getSymbolicRegion(sym));
148
149 return nonloc::SymbolVal(sym);
150 }
151
getMetadataSymbolVal(const void * symbolTag,const MemRegion * region,const Expr * expr,QualType type,unsigned count)152 DefinedSVal SValBuilder::getMetadataSymbolVal(const void *symbolTag,
153 const MemRegion *region,
154 const Expr *expr, QualType type,
155 unsigned count) {
156 assert(SymbolManager::canSymbolicate(type) && "Invalid metadata symbol type");
157
158 SymbolRef sym =
159 SymMgr.getMetadataSymbol(region, expr, type, count, symbolTag);
160
161 if (Loc::isLocType(type))
162 return loc::MemRegionVal(MemMgr.getSymbolicRegion(sym));
163
164 return nonloc::SymbolVal(sym);
165 }
166
167 DefinedOrUnknownSVal
getDerivedRegionValueSymbolVal(SymbolRef parentSymbol,const TypedValueRegion * region)168 SValBuilder::getDerivedRegionValueSymbolVal(SymbolRef parentSymbol,
169 const TypedValueRegion *region) {
170 QualType T = region->getValueType();
171
172 if (!SymbolManager::canSymbolicate(T))
173 return UnknownVal();
174
175 SymbolRef sym = SymMgr.getDerivedSymbol(parentSymbol, region);
176
177 if (Loc::isLocType(T))
178 return loc::MemRegionVal(MemMgr.getSymbolicRegion(sym));
179
180 return nonloc::SymbolVal(sym);
181 }
182
getFunctionPointer(const FunctionDecl * func)183 DefinedSVal SValBuilder::getFunctionPointer(const FunctionDecl *func) {
184 return loc::MemRegionVal(MemMgr.getFunctionTextRegion(func));
185 }
186
getBlockPointer(const BlockDecl * block,CanQualType locTy,const LocationContext * locContext)187 DefinedSVal SValBuilder::getBlockPointer(const BlockDecl *block,
188 CanQualType locTy,
189 const LocationContext *locContext) {
190 const BlockTextRegion *BC =
191 MemMgr.getBlockTextRegion(block, locTy, locContext->getAnalysisDeclContext());
192 const BlockDataRegion *BD = MemMgr.getBlockDataRegion(BC, locContext);
193 return loc::MemRegionVal(BD);
194 }
195
196 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
197
makeGenericVal(ProgramStateRef State,BinaryOperator::Opcode Op,NonLoc LHS,NonLoc RHS,QualType ResultTy)198 SVal SValBuilder::makeGenericVal(ProgramStateRef State,
199 BinaryOperator::Opcode Op,
200 NonLoc LHS, NonLoc RHS,
201 QualType ResultTy) {
202 // If operands are tainted, create a symbol to ensure that we propagate taint.
203 if (State->isTainted(RHS) || State->isTainted(LHS)) {
204 const SymExpr *symLHS;
205 const SymExpr *symRHS;
206
207 if (const nonloc::ConcreteInt *rInt = dyn_cast<nonloc::ConcreteInt>(&RHS)) {
208 symLHS = LHS.getAsSymExpr();
209 return makeNonLoc(symLHS, Op, rInt->getValue(), ResultTy);
210 }
211
212 if (const nonloc::ConcreteInt *lInt = dyn_cast<nonloc::ConcreteInt>(&LHS)) {
213 symRHS = RHS.getAsSymExpr();
214 return makeNonLoc(lInt->getValue(), Op, symRHS, ResultTy);
215 }
216
217 symLHS = LHS.getAsSymExpr();
218 symRHS = RHS.getAsSymExpr();
219 return makeNonLoc(symLHS, Op, symRHS, ResultTy);
220 }
221 return UnknownVal();
222 }
223
224
evalBinOp(ProgramStateRef state,BinaryOperator::Opcode op,SVal lhs,SVal rhs,QualType type)225 SVal SValBuilder::evalBinOp(ProgramStateRef state, BinaryOperator::Opcode op,
226 SVal lhs, SVal rhs, QualType type) {
227
228 if (lhs.isUndef() || rhs.isUndef())
229 return UndefinedVal();
230
231 if (lhs.isUnknown() || rhs.isUnknown())
232 return UnknownVal();
233
234 if (isa<Loc>(lhs)) {
235 if (isa<Loc>(rhs))
236 return evalBinOpLL(state, op, cast<Loc>(lhs), cast<Loc>(rhs), type);
237
238 return evalBinOpLN(state, op, cast<Loc>(lhs), cast<NonLoc>(rhs), type);
239 }
240
241 if (isa<Loc>(rhs)) {
242 // Support pointer arithmetic where the addend is on the left
243 // and the pointer on the right.
244 assert(op == BO_Add);
245
246 // Commute the operands.
247 return evalBinOpLN(state, op, cast<Loc>(rhs), cast<NonLoc>(lhs), type);
248 }
249
250 return evalBinOpNN(state, op, cast<NonLoc>(lhs), cast<NonLoc>(rhs), type);
251 }
252
evalEQ(ProgramStateRef state,DefinedOrUnknownSVal lhs,DefinedOrUnknownSVal rhs)253 DefinedOrUnknownSVal SValBuilder::evalEQ(ProgramStateRef state,
254 DefinedOrUnknownSVal lhs,
255 DefinedOrUnknownSVal rhs) {
256 return cast<DefinedOrUnknownSVal>(evalBinOp(state, BO_EQ, lhs, rhs,
257 Context.IntTy));
258 }
259
260 /// Recursively check if the pointer types are equal modulo const, volatile,
261 /// and restrict qualifiers. Assumes the input types are canonical.
262 /// TODO: This is based off of code in SemaCast; can we reuse it.
haveSimilarTypes(ASTContext & Context,QualType T1,QualType T2)263 static bool haveSimilarTypes(ASTContext &Context, QualType T1,
264 QualType T2) {
265 while (Context.UnwrapSimilarPointerTypes(T1, T2)) {
266 Qualifiers Quals1, Quals2;
267 T1 = Context.getUnqualifiedArrayType(T1, Quals1);
268 T2 = Context.getUnqualifiedArrayType(T2, Quals2);
269
270 // Make sure that non cvr-qualifiers the other qualifiers (e.g., address
271 // spaces) are identical.
272 Quals1.removeCVRQualifiers();
273 Quals2.removeCVRQualifiers();
274 if (Quals1 != Quals2)
275 return false;
276 }
277
278 if (T1 != T2)
279 return false;
280
281 return true;
282 }
283
284 // FIXME: should rewrite according to the cast kind.
evalCast(SVal val,QualType castTy,QualType originalTy)285 SVal SValBuilder::evalCast(SVal val, QualType castTy, QualType originalTy) {
286 castTy = Context.getCanonicalType(castTy);
287 originalTy = Context.getCanonicalType(originalTy);
288 if (val.isUnknownOrUndef() || castTy == originalTy)
289 return val;
290
291 // For const casts, just propagate the value.
292 if (!castTy->isVariableArrayType() && !originalTy->isVariableArrayType())
293 if (haveSimilarTypes(Context, Context.getPointerType(castTy),
294 Context.getPointerType(originalTy)))
295 return val;
296
297 // Check for casts from pointers to integers.
298 if (castTy->isIntegerType() && Loc::isLocType(originalTy))
299 return evalCastFromLoc(cast<Loc>(val), castTy);
300
301 // Check for casts from integers to pointers.
302 if (Loc::isLocType(castTy) && originalTy->isIntegerType()) {
303 if (nonloc::LocAsInteger *LV = dyn_cast<nonloc::LocAsInteger>(&val)) {
304 if (const MemRegion *R = LV->getLoc().getAsRegion()) {
305 StoreManager &storeMgr = StateMgr.getStoreManager();
306 R = storeMgr.castRegion(R, castTy);
307 return R ? SVal(loc::MemRegionVal(R)) : UnknownVal();
308 }
309 return LV->getLoc();
310 }
311 return dispatchCast(val, castTy);
312 }
313
314 // Just pass through function and block pointers.
315 if (originalTy->isBlockPointerType() || originalTy->isFunctionPointerType()) {
316 assert(Loc::isLocType(castTy));
317 return val;
318 }
319
320 // Check for casts from array type to another type.
321 if (originalTy->isArrayType()) {
322 // We will always decay to a pointer.
323 val = StateMgr.ArrayToPointer(cast<Loc>(val));
324
325 // Are we casting from an array to a pointer? If so just pass on
326 // the decayed value.
327 if (castTy->isPointerType())
328 return val;
329
330 // Are we casting from an array to an integer? If so, cast the decayed
331 // pointer value to an integer.
332 assert(castTy->isIntegerType());
333
334 // FIXME: Keep these here for now in case we decide soon that we
335 // need the original decayed type.
336 // QualType elemTy = cast<ArrayType>(originalTy)->getElementType();
337 // QualType pointerTy = C.getPointerType(elemTy);
338 return evalCastFromLoc(cast<Loc>(val), castTy);
339 }
340
341 // Check for casts from a region to a specific type.
342 if (const MemRegion *R = val.getAsRegion()) {
343 // FIXME: We should handle the case where we strip off view layers to get
344 // to a desugared type.
345
346 if (!Loc::isLocType(castTy)) {
347 // FIXME: There can be gross cases where one casts the result of a function
348 // (that returns a pointer) to some other value that happens to fit
349 // within that pointer value. We currently have no good way to
350 // model such operations. When this happens, the underlying operation
351 // is that the caller is reasoning about bits. Conceptually we are
352 // layering a "view" of a location on top of those bits. Perhaps
353 // we need to be more lazy about mutual possible views, even on an
354 // SVal? This may be necessary for bit-level reasoning as well.
355 return UnknownVal();
356 }
357
358 // We get a symbolic function pointer for a dereference of a function
359 // pointer, but it is of function type. Example:
360
361 // struct FPRec {
362 // void (*my_func)(int * x);
363 // };
364 //
365 // int bar(int x);
366 //
367 // int f1_a(struct FPRec* foo) {
368 // int x;
369 // (*foo->my_func)(&x);
370 // return bar(x)+1; // no-warning
371 // }
372
373 assert(Loc::isLocType(originalTy) || originalTy->isFunctionType() ||
374 originalTy->isBlockPointerType() || castTy->isReferenceType());
375
376 StoreManager &storeMgr = StateMgr.getStoreManager();
377
378 // Delegate to store manager to get the result of casting a region to a
379 // different type. If the MemRegion* returned is NULL, this expression
380 // Evaluates to UnknownVal.
381 R = storeMgr.castRegion(R, castTy);
382 return R ? SVal(loc::MemRegionVal(R)) : UnknownVal();
383 }
384
385 return dispatchCast(val, castTy);
386 }
387