• Home
  • Line#
  • Scopes#
  • Navigate#
  • Raw
  • Download
1 // SValBuilder.cpp - Basic class for all SValBuilder implementations -*- C++ -*-
2 //
3 //                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
4 //
5 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
6 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
7 //
8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
9 //
10 //  This file defines SValBuilder, the base class for all (complete) SValBuilder
11 //  implementations.
12 //
13 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
14 
15 #include "clang/AST/ExprCXX.h"
16 #include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/PathSensitive/MemRegion.h"
17 #include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/PathSensitive/SVals.h"
18 #include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/PathSensitive/SValBuilder.h"
19 #include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/PathSensitive/ProgramState.h"
20 #include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/PathSensitive/BasicValueFactory.h"
21 
22 using namespace clang;
23 using namespace ento;
24 
25 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
26 // Basic SVal creation.
27 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
28 
anchor()29 void SValBuilder::anchor() { }
30 
makeZeroVal(QualType type)31 DefinedOrUnknownSVal SValBuilder::makeZeroVal(QualType type) {
32   if (Loc::isLocType(type))
33     return makeNull();
34 
35   if (type->isIntegerType())
36     return makeIntVal(0, type);
37 
38   // FIXME: Handle floats.
39   // FIXME: Handle structs.
40   return UnknownVal();
41 }
42 
makeNonLoc(const SymExpr * lhs,BinaryOperator::Opcode op,const llvm::APSInt & rhs,QualType type)43 NonLoc SValBuilder::makeNonLoc(const SymExpr *lhs, BinaryOperator::Opcode op,
44                                 const llvm::APSInt& rhs, QualType type) {
45   // The Environment ensures we always get a persistent APSInt in
46   // BasicValueFactory, so we don't need to get the APSInt from
47   // BasicValueFactory again.
48   assert(lhs);
49   assert(!Loc::isLocType(type));
50   return nonloc::SymbolVal(SymMgr.getSymIntExpr(lhs, op, rhs, type));
51 }
52 
makeNonLoc(const llvm::APSInt & lhs,BinaryOperator::Opcode op,const SymExpr * rhs,QualType type)53 NonLoc SValBuilder::makeNonLoc(const llvm::APSInt& lhs,
54                                BinaryOperator::Opcode op, const SymExpr *rhs,
55                                QualType type) {
56   assert(rhs);
57   assert(!Loc::isLocType(type));
58   return nonloc::SymbolVal(SymMgr.getIntSymExpr(lhs, op, rhs, type));
59 }
60 
makeNonLoc(const SymExpr * lhs,BinaryOperator::Opcode op,const SymExpr * rhs,QualType type)61 NonLoc SValBuilder::makeNonLoc(const SymExpr *lhs, BinaryOperator::Opcode op,
62                                const SymExpr *rhs, QualType type) {
63   assert(lhs && rhs);
64   assert(haveSameType(lhs->getType(Context), rhs->getType(Context)) == true);
65   assert(!Loc::isLocType(type));
66   return nonloc::SymbolVal(SymMgr.getSymSymExpr(lhs, op, rhs, type));
67 }
68 
makeNonLoc(const SymExpr * operand,QualType fromTy,QualType toTy)69 NonLoc SValBuilder::makeNonLoc(const SymExpr *operand,
70                                QualType fromTy, QualType toTy) {
71   assert(operand);
72   assert(!Loc::isLocType(toTy));
73   return nonloc::SymbolVal(SymMgr.getCastSymbol(operand, fromTy, toTy));
74 }
75 
convertToArrayIndex(SVal val)76 SVal SValBuilder::convertToArrayIndex(SVal val) {
77   if (val.isUnknownOrUndef())
78     return val;
79 
80   // Common case: we have an appropriately sized integer.
81   if (nonloc::ConcreteInt* CI = dyn_cast<nonloc::ConcreteInt>(&val)) {
82     const llvm::APSInt& I = CI->getValue();
83     if (I.getBitWidth() == ArrayIndexWidth && I.isSigned())
84       return val;
85   }
86 
87   return evalCastFromNonLoc(cast<NonLoc>(val), ArrayIndexTy);
88 }
89 
makeBoolVal(const CXXBoolLiteralExpr * boolean)90 nonloc::ConcreteInt SValBuilder::makeBoolVal(const CXXBoolLiteralExpr *boolean){
91   return makeTruthVal(boolean->getValue());
92 }
93 
94 DefinedOrUnknownSVal
getRegionValueSymbolVal(const TypedValueRegion * region)95 SValBuilder::getRegionValueSymbolVal(const TypedValueRegion* region) {
96   QualType T = region->getValueType();
97 
98   if (!SymbolManager::canSymbolicate(T))
99     return UnknownVal();
100 
101   SymbolRef sym = SymMgr.getRegionValueSymbol(region);
102 
103   if (Loc::isLocType(T))
104     return loc::MemRegionVal(MemMgr.getSymbolicRegion(sym));
105 
106   return nonloc::SymbolVal(sym);
107 }
108 
109 DefinedOrUnknownSVal
getConjuredSymbolVal(const void * symbolTag,const Expr * expr,const LocationContext * LCtx,unsigned count)110 SValBuilder::getConjuredSymbolVal(const void *symbolTag,
111                                   const Expr *expr,
112                                   const LocationContext *LCtx,
113                                   unsigned count) {
114   QualType T = expr->getType();
115   return getConjuredSymbolVal(symbolTag, expr, LCtx, T, count);
116 }
117 
118 DefinedOrUnknownSVal
getConjuredSymbolVal(const void * symbolTag,const Expr * expr,const LocationContext * LCtx,QualType type,unsigned count)119 SValBuilder::getConjuredSymbolVal(const void *symbolTag,
120                                   const Expr *expr,
121                                   const LocationContext *LCtx,
122                                   QualType type,
123                                   unsigned count) {
124   if (!SymbolManager::canSymbolicate(type))
125     return UnknownVal();
126 
127   SymbolRef sym = SymMgr.getConjuredSymbol(expr, LCtx, type, count, symbolTag);
128 
129   if (Loc::isLocType(type))
130     return loc::MemRegionVal(MemMgr.getSymbolicRegion(sym));
131 
132   return nonloc::SymbolVal(sym);
133 }
134 
135 
136 DefinedOrUnknownSVal
getConjuredSymbolVal(const Stmt * stmt,const LocationContext * LCtx,QualType type,unsigned visitCount)137 SValBuilder::getConjuredSymbolVal(const Stmt *stmt,
138                                   const LocationContext *LCtx,
139                                   QualType type,
140                                   unsigned visitCount) {
141   if (!SymbolManager::canSymbolicate(type))
142     return UnknownVal();
143 
144   SymbolRef sym = SymMgr.getConjuredSymbol(stmt, LCtx, type, visitCount);
145 
146   if (Loc::isLocType(type))
147     return loc::MemRegionVal(MemMgr.getSymbolicRegion(sym));
148 
149   return nonloc::SymbolVal(sym);
150 }
151 
getMetadataSymbolVal(const void * symbolTag,const MemRegion * region,const Expr * expr,QualType type,unsigned count)152 DefinedSVal SValBuilder::getMetadataSymbolVal(const void *symbolTag,
153                                               const MemRegion *region,
154                                               const Expr *expr, QualType type,
155                                               unsigned count) {
156   assert(SymbolManager::canSymbolicate(type) && "Invalid metadata symbol type");
157 
158   SymbolRef sym =
159       SymMgr.getMetadataSymbol(region, expr, type, count, symbolTag);
160 
161   if (Loc::isLocType(type))
162     return loc::MemRegionVal(MemMgr.getSymbolicRegion(sym));
163 
164   return nonloc::SymbolVal(sym);
165 }
166 
167 DefinedOrUnknownSVal
getDerivedRegionValueSymbolVal(SymbolRef parentSymbol,const TypedValueRegion * region)168 SValBuilder::getDerivedRegionValueSymbolVal(SymbolRef parentSymbol,
169                                              const TypedValueRegion *region) {
170   QualType T = region->getValueType();
171 
172   if (!SymbolManager::canSymbolicate(T))
173     return UnknownVal();
174 
175   SymbolRef sym = SymMgr.getDerivedSymbol(parentSymbol, region);
176 
177   if (Loc::isLocType(T))
178     return loc::MemRegionVal(MemMgr.getSymbolicRegion(sym));
179 
180   return nonloc::SymbolVal(sym);
181 }
182 
getFunctionPointer(const FunctionDecl * func)183 DefinedSVal SValBuilder::getFunctionPointer(const FunctionDecl *func) {
184   return loc::MemRegionVal(MemMgr.getFunctionTextRegion(func));
185 }
186 
getBlockPointer(const BlockDecl * block,CanQualType locTy,const LocationContext * locContext)187 DefinedSVal SValBuilder::getBlockPointer(const BlockDecl *block,
188                                          CanQualType locTy,
189                                          const LocationContext *locContext) {
190   const BlockTextRegion *BC =
191     MemMgr.getBlockTextRegion(block, locTy, locContext->getAnalysisDeclContext());
192   const BlockDataRegion *BD = MemMgr.getBlockDataRegion(BC, locContext);
193   return loc::MemRegionVal(BD);
194 }
195 
196 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
197 
makeGenericVal(ProgramStateRef State,BinaryOperator::Opcode Op,NonLoc LHS,NonLoc RHS,QualType ResultTy)198 SVal SValBuilder::makeGenericVal(ProgramStateRef State,
199                                      BinaryOperator::Opcode Op,
200                                      NonLoc LHS, NonLoc RHS,
201                                      QualType ResultTy) {
202   // If operands are tainted, create a symbol to ensure that we propagate taint.
203   if (State->isTainted(RHS) || State->isTainted(LHS)) {
204     const SymExpr *symLHS;
205     const SymExpr *symRHS;
206 
207     if (const nonloc::ConcreteInt *rInt = dyn_cast<nonloc::ConcreteInt>(&RHS)) {
208       symLHS = LHS.getAsSymExpr();
209       return makeNonLoc(symLHS, Op, rInt->getValue(), ResultTy);
210     }
211 
212     if (const nonloc::ConcreteInt *lInt = dyn_cast<nonloc::ConcreteInt>(&LHS)) {
213       symRHS = RHS.getAsSymExpr();
214       return makeNonLoc(lInt->getValue(), Op, symRHS, ResultTy);
215     }
216 
217     symLHS = LHS.getAsSymExpr();
218     symRHS = RHS.getAsSymExpr();
219     return makeNonLoc(symLHS, Op, symRHS, ResultTy);
220   }
221   return UnknownVal();
222 }
223 
224 
evalBinOp(ProgramStateRef state,BinaryOperator::Opcode op,SVal lhs,SVal rhs,QualType type)225 SVal SValBuilder::evalBinOp(ProgramStateRef state, BinaryOperator::Opcode op,
226                             SVal lhs, SVal rhs, QualType type) {
227 
228   if (lhs.isUndef() || rhs.isUndef())
229     return UndefinedVal();
230 
231   if (lhs.isUnknown() || rhs.isUnknown())
232     return UnknownVal();
233 
234   if (isa<Loc>(lhs)) {
235     if (isa<Loc>(rhs))
236       return evalBinOpLL(state, op, cast<Loc>(lhs), cast<Loc>(rhs), type);
237 
238     return evalBinOpLN(state, op, cast<Loc>(lhs), cast<NonLoc>(rhs), type);
239   }
240 
241   if (isa<Loc>(rhs)) {
242     // Support pointer arithmetic where the addend is on the left
243     // and the pointer on the right.
244     assert(op == BO_Add);
245 
246     // Commute the operands.
247     return evalBinOpLN(state, op, cast<Loc>(rhs), cast<NonLoc>(lhs), type);
248   }
249 
250   return evalBinOpNN(state, op, cast<NonLoc>(lhs), cast<NonLoc>(rhs), type);
251 }
252 
evalEQ(ProgramStateRef state,DefinedOrUnknownSVal lhs,DefinedOrUnknownSVal rhs)253 DefinedOrUnknownSVal SValBuilder::evalEQ(ProgramStateRef state,
254                                          DefinedOrUnknownSVal lhs,
255                                          DefinedOrUnknownSVal rhs) {
256   return cast<DefinedOrUnknownSVal>(evalBinOp(state, BO_EQ, lhs, rhs,
257                                               Context.IntTy));
258 }
259 
260 /// Recursively check if the pointer types are equal modulo const, volatile,
261 /// and restrict qualifiers. Assumes the input types are canonical.
262 /// TODO: This is based off of code in SemaCast; can we reuse it.
haveSimilarTypes(ASTContext & Context,QualType T1,QualType T2)263 static bool haveSimilarTypes(ASTContext &Context, QualType T1,
264                                                   QualType T2) {
265   while (Context.UnwrapSimilarPointerTypes(T1, T2)) {
266     Qualifiers Quals1, Quals2;
267     T1 = Context.getUnqualifiedArrayType(T1, Quals1);
268     T2 = Context.getUnqualifiedArrayType(T2, Quals2);
269 
270     // Make sure that non cvr-qualifiers the other qualifiers (e.g., address
271     // spaces) are identical.
272     Quals1.removeCVRQualifiers();
273     Quals2.removeCVRQualifiers();
274     if (Quals1 != Quals2)
275       return false;
276   }
277 
278   if (T1 != T2)
279     return false;
280 
281   return true;
282 }
283 
284 // FIXME: should rewrite according to the cast kind.
evalCast(SVal val,QualType castTy,QualType originalTy)285 SVal SValBuilder::evalCast(SVal val, QualType castTy, QualType originalTy) {
286   castTy = Context.getCanonicalType(castTy);
287   originalTy = Context.getCanonicalType(originalTy);
288   if (val.isUnknownOrUndef() || castTy == originalTy)
289     return val;
290 
291   // For const casts, just propagate the value.
292   if (!castTy->isVariableArrayType() && !originalTy->isVariableArrayType())
293     if (haveSimilarTypes(Context, Context.getPointerType(castTy),
294                                   Context.getPointerType(originalTy)))
295       return val;
296 
297   // Check for casts from pointers to integers.
298   if (castTy->isIntegerType() && Loc::isLocType(originalTy))
299     return evalCastFromLoc(cast<Loc>(val), castTy);
300 
301   // Check for casts from integers to pointers.
302   if (Loc::isLocType(castTy) && originalTy->isIntegerType()) {
303     if (nonloc::LocAsInteger *LV = dyn_cast<nonloc::LocAsInteger>(&val)) {
304       if (const MemRegion *R = LV->getLoc().getAsRegion()) {
305         StoreManager &storeMgr = StateMgr.getStoreManager();
306         R = storeMgr.castRegion(R, castTy);
307         return R ? SVal(loc::MemRegionVal(R)) : UnknownVal();
308       }
309       return LV->getLoc();
310     }
311     return dispatchCast(val, castTy);
312   }
313 
314   // Just pass through function and block pointers.
315   if (originalTy->isBlockPointerType() || originalTy->isFunctionPointerType()) {
316     assert(Loc::isLocType(castTy));
317     return val;
318   }
319 
320   // Check for casts from array type to another type.
321   if (originalTy->isArrayType()) {
322     // We will always decay to a pointer.
323     val = StateMgr.ArrayToPointer(cast<Loc>(val));
324 
325     // Are we casting from an array to a pointer?  If so just pass on
326     // the decayed value.
327     if (castTy->isPointerType())
328       return val;
329 
330     // Are we casting from an array to an integer?  If so, cast the decayed
331     // pointer value to an integer.
332     assert(castTy->isIntegerType());
333 
334     // FIXME: Keep these here for now in case we decide soon that we
335     // need the original decayed type.
336     //    QualType elemTy = cast<ArrayType>(originalTy)->getElementType();
337     //    QualType pointerTy = C.getPointerType(elemTy);
338     return evalCastFromLoc(cast<Loc>(val), castTy);
339   }
340 
341   // Check for casts from a region to a specific type.
342   if (const MemRegion *R = val.getAsRegion()) {
343     // FIXME: We should handle the case where we strip off view layers to get
344     //  to a desugared type.
345 
346     if (!Loc::isLocType(castTy)) {
347       // FIXME: There can be gross cases where one casts the result of a function
348       // (that returns a pointer) to some other value that happens to fit
349       // within that pointer value.  We currently have no good way to
350       // model such operations.  When this happens, the underlying operation
351       // is that the caller is reasoning about bits.  Conceptually we are
352       // layering a "view" of a location on top of those bits.  Perhaps
353       // we need to be more lazy about mutual possible views, even on an
354       // SVal?  This may be necessary for bit-level reasoning as well.
355       return UnknownVal();
356     }
357 
358     // We get a symbolic function pointer for a dereference of a function
359     // pointer, but it is of function type. Example:
360 
361     //  struct FPRec {
362     //    void (*my_func)(int * x);
363     //  };
364     //
365     //  int bar(int x);
366     //
367     //  int f1_a(struct FPRec* foo) {
368     //    int x;
369     //    (*foo->my_func)(&x);
370     //    return bar(x)+1; // no-warning
371     //  }
372 
373     assert(Loc::isLocType(originalTy) || originalTy->isFunctionType() ||
374            originalTy->isBlockPointerType() || castTy->isReferenceType());
375 
376     StoreManager &storeMgr = StateMgr.getStoreManager();
377 
378     // Delegate to store manager to get the result of casting a region to a
379     // different type.  If the MemRegion* returned is NULL, this expression
380     // Evaluates to UnknownVal.
381     R = storeMgr.castRegion(R, castTy);
382     return R ? SVal(loc::MemRegionVal(R)) : UnknownVal();
383   }
384 
385   return dispatchCast(val, castTy);
386 }
387