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1 
2 /*--------------------------------------------------------------------*/
3 /*--- The core/tool interface.                pub_tool_tooliface.h ---*/
4 /*--------------------------------------------------------------------*/
5 
6 /*
7    This file is part of Valgrind, a dynamic binary instrumentation
8    framework.
9 
10    Copyright (C) 2000-2012 Julian Seward
11       jseward@acm.org
12 
13    This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
14    modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
15    published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the
16    License, or (at your option) any later version.
17 
18    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
19    WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
20    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
21    General Public License for more details.
22 
23    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
24    along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
25    Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA
26    02111-1307, USA.
27 
28    The GNU General Public License is contained in the file COPYING.
29 */
30 
31 #ifndef __PUB_TOOL_TOOLIFACE_H
32 #define __PUB_TOOL_TOOLIFACE_H
33 
34 #include "pub_tool_errormgr.h"   // for Error, Supp
35 #include "libvex.h"              // for all Vex stuff
36 
37 /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
38 /* The interface version */
39 
40 /* Initialise tool.   Must do the following:
41    - initialise the `details' struct, via the VG_(details_*)() functions
42    - register the basic tool functions, via VG_(basic_tool_funcs)().
43    May do the following:
44    - initialise the `needs' struct to indicate certain requirements, via
45      the VG_(needs_*)() functions
46    - any other tool-specific initialisation
47 */
48 extern void (*VG_(tl_pre_clo_init)) ( void );
49 
50 /* Every tool must include this macro somewhere, exactly once.  The
51    interface version is no longer relevant, but we kept the same name
52    to avoid requiring changes to tools.
53 */
54 #define VG_DETERMINE_INTERFACE_VERSION(pre_clo_init) \
55    void (*VG_(tl_pre_clo_init)) ( void ) = pre_clo_init;
56 
57 /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
58 /* Basic tool functions */
59 
60 /* The tool_instrument function is passed as a callback to
61    LibVEX_Translate.  VgCallbackClosure carries additional info
62    which the instrumenter might like to know, but which is opaque to
63    Vex.
64 */
65 typedef
66    struct {
67       Addr64   nraddr; /* non-redirected guest address */
68       Addr64   readdr; /* redirected guest address */
69       ThreadId tid;    /* tid requesting translation */
70    }
71    VgCallbackClosure;
72 
73 extern void VG_(basic_tool_funcs)(
74    // Do any initialisation that can only be done after command line
75    // processing.
76    void  (*post_clo_init)(void),
77 
78    // Instrument a basic block.  Must be a true function, ie. the same
79    // input always results in the same output, because basic blocks
80    // can be retranslated, unless you're doing something really
81    // strange.  Anyway, the arguments.  Mostly they are straightforward
82    // except for the distinction between redirected and non-redirected
83    // guest code addresses, which is important to understand.
84    //
85    // VgCallBackClosure* closure contains extra arguments passed
86    // from Valgrind to the instrumenter, which Vex doesn't know about.
87    // You are free to look inside this structure.
88    //
89    // * closure->tid is the ThreadId of the thread requesting the
90    //   translation.  Not sure why this is here; perhaps callgrind
91    //   uses it.
92    //
93    // * closure->nraddr is the non-redirected guest address of the
94    //   start of the translation.  In other words, the translation is
95    //   being constructed because the guest program jumped to
96    //   closure->nraddr but no translation of it was found.
97    //
98    // * closure->readdr is the redirected guest address, from which
99    //   the translation was really made.
100    //
101    //   To clarify this, consider what happens when, in Memcheck, the
102    //   first call to malloc() happens.  The guest program will be
103    //   trying to jump to malloc() in libc; hence ->nraddr will contain
104    //   that address.  However, Memcheck intercepts and replaces
105    //   malloc, hence ->readdr will be the address of Memcheck's
106    //   malloc replacement in
107    //   coregrind/m_replacemalloc/vg_replacemalloc.c.  It follows
108    //   that the first IMark in the translation will be labelled as
109    //   from ->readdr rather than ->nraddr.
110    //
111    //   Since most functions are not redirected, the majority of the
112    //   time ->nraddr will be the same as ->readdr.  However, you
113    //   cannot assume this: if your tool has metadata associated
114    //   with code addresses it will get into deep trouble if it does
115    //   make this assumption.
116    //
117    // IRSB* sb_in is the incoming superblock to be instrumented,
118    // in flat IR form.
119    //
120    // VexGuestLayout* layout contains limited info on the layout of
121    // the guest state: where the stack pointer and program counter
122    // are, and which fields should be regarded as 'always defined'.
123    // Memcheck uses this.
124    //
125    // VexGuestExtents* vge points to a structure which states the
126    // precise byte ranges of original code from which this translation
127    // was made (there may be up to three different ranges involved).
128    // Note again that these are the real addresses from which the code
129    // came.  And so it should be the case that closure->readdr is the
130    // same as vge->base[0]; indeed Cachegrind contains this assertion.
131    //
132    // Tools which associate shadow data with code addresses
133    // (cachegrind, callgrind) need to be particularly clear about
134    // whether they are making the association with redirected or
135    // non-redirected code addresses.  Both approaches are viable
136    // but you do need to understand what's going on.  See comments
137    // below on discard_basic_block_info().
138    //
139    // IRType gWordTy and IRType hWordTy contain the types of native
140    // words on the guest (simulated) and host (real) CPUs.  They will
141    // by either Ity_I32 or Ity_I64.  So far we have never built a
142    // cross-architecture Valgrind so they should always be the same.
143    //
144    /* --- Further comments about the IR that your --- */
145    /* --- instrumentation function will receive. --- */
146    /*
147       In the incoming IRSB, the IR for each instruction begins with an
148       IRStmt_IMark, which states the address and length of the
149       instruction from which this IR came.  This makes it easy for
150       profiling-style tools to know precisely which guest code
151       addresses are being executed.
152 
153       However, before the first IRStmt_IMark, there may be other IR
154       statements -- a preamble.  In most cases this preamble is empty,
155       but when it isn't, what it contains is some supporting IR that
156       the JIT uses to ensure control flow works correctly.  This
157       preamble does not modify any architecturally defined guest state
158       (registers or memory) and so does not contain anything that will
159       be of interest to your tool.
160 
161       You should therefore
162 
163       (1) copy any IR preceding the first IMark verbatim to the start
164           of the output IRSB.
165 
166       (2) not try to instrument it or modify it in any way.
167 
168       For the record, stuff that may be in the preamble at
169       present is:
170 
171       - A self-modifying-code check has been requested for this block.
172         The preamble will contain instructions to checksum the block,
173         compare against the expected value, and exit the dispatcher
174         requesting a discard (hence forcing a retranslation) if they
175         don't match.
176 
177       - This block is known to be the entry point of a wrapper of some
178         function F.  In this case the preamble contains code to write
179         the address of the original F (the fn being wrapped) into a
180         'hidden' guest state register _NRADDR.  The wrapper can later
181         read this register using a client request and make a
182         non-redirected call to it using another client-request-like
183         magic macro.
184 
185       - For platforms that use the AIX ABI (including ppc64-linux), it
186         is necessary to have a preamble even for replacement functions
187         (not just for wrappers), because it is necessary to switch the
188         R2 register (constant-pool pointer) to a different value when
189         swizzling the program counter.
190 
191         Hence the preamble pushes both R2 and LR (the return address)
192         on a small 16-entry stack in the guest state and sets R2 to an
193         appropriate value for the wrapper/replacement fn.  LR is then
194         set so that the wrapper/replacement fn returns to a magic IR
195         stub which restores R2 and LR and returns.
196 
197         It's all hugely ugly and fragile.  And it places a stringent
198         requirement on m_debuginfo to find out the correct R2 (toc
199         pointer) value for the wrapper/replacement function.  So much
200         so that m_redir will refuse to honour a redirect-to-me request
201         if it cannot find (by asking m_debuginfo) a plausible R2 value
202         for 'me'.
203 
204         Because this mechanism maintains a shadow stack of (R2,LR)
205         pairs in the guest state, it will fail if the
206         wrapper/redirection function, or anything it calls, longjumps
207         out past the wrapper, because then the magic return stub will
208         not be run and so the shadow stack will not be popped.  So it
209         will quickly fill up.  Fortunately none of this applies to
210         {x86,amd64,ppc32}-linux; on those platforms, wrappers can
211         longjump and recurse arbitrarily and everything should work
212         fine.
213 
214       Note that copying the preamble verbatim may cause complications
215       for your instrumenter if you shadow IR temporaries.  See big
216       comment in MC_(instrument) in memcheck/mc_translate.c for
217       details.
218    */
219    IRSB*(*instrument)(VgCallbackClosure* closure,
220                       IRSB*              sb_in,
221                       VexGuestLayout*    layout,
222                       VexGuestExtents*   vge,
223                       IRType             gWordTy,
224                       IRType             hWordTy),
225 
226    // Finish up, print out any results, etc.  `exitcode' is program's exit
227    // code.  The shadow can be found with VG_(get_exit_status_shadow)().
228    void  (*fini)(Int)
229 );
230 
231 /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
232 /* Details */
233 
234 /* Default value for avg_translations_sizeB (in bytes), indicating typical
235    code expansion of about 6:1. */
236 #define VG_DEFAULT_TRANS_SIZEB   172
237 
238 /* Information used in the startup message.  `name' also determines the
239    string used for identifying suppressions in a suppression file as
240    belonging to this tool.  `version' can be NULL, in which case (not
241    surprisingly) no version info is printed; this mechanism is designed for
242    tools distributed with Valgrind that share a version number with
243    Valgrind.  Other tools not distributed as part of Valgrind should
244    probably have their own version number.  */
245 extern void VG_(details_name)                  ( Char* name );
246 extern void VG_(details_version)               ( Char* version );
247 extern void VG_(details_description)           ( Char* description );
248 extern void VG_(details_copyright_author)      ( Char* copyright_author );
249 
250 /* Average size of a translation, in bytes, so that the translation
251    storage machinery can allocate memory appropriately.  Not critical,
252    setting is optional. */
253 extern void VG_(details_avg_translation_sizeB) ( UInt size );
254 
255 /* String printed if an `tl_assert' assertion fails or VG_(tool_panic)
256    is called.  Should probably be an email address. */
257 extern void VG_(details_bug_reports_to)   ( Char* bug_reports_to );
258 
259 /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
260 /* Needs */
261 
262 /* Should __libc_freeres() be run?  Bugs in it can crash the tool. */
263 extern void VG_(needs_libc_freeres) ( void );
264 
265 /* Want to have errors detected by Valgrind's core reported?  Includes:
266    - pthread API errors (many;  eg. unlocking a non-locked mutex)
267      [currently disabled]
268    - invalid file descriptors to syscalls like read() and write()
269    - bad signal numbers passed to sigaction()
270    - attempt to install signal handler for SIGKILL or SIGSTOP */
271 extern void VG_(needs_core_errors) ( void );
272 
273 /* Booleans that indicate extra operations are defined;  if these are True,
274    the corresponding template functions (given below) must be defined.  A
275    lot like being a member of a type class. */
276 
277 /* Want to report errors from tool?  This implies use of suppressions, too. */
278 extern void VG_(needs_tool_errors) (
279    // Identify if two errors are equal, or close enough.  This function is
280    // only called if e1 and e2 will have the same error kind.  `res' indicates
281    // how close is "close enough".  `res' should be passed on as necessary,
282    // eg. if the Error's `extra' part contains an ExeContext, `res' should be
283    // passed to VG_(eq_ExeContext)() if the ExeContexts are considered.  Other
284    // than that, probably don't worry about it unless you have lots of very
285    // similar errors occurring.
286    Bool (*eq_Error)(VgRes res, Error* e1, Error* e2),
287 
288    // We give tools a chance to have a look at errors
289    // just before they are printed.  That is, before_pp_Error is
290    // called just before pp_Error itself.  This gives the tool a
291    // chance to look at the just-about-to-be-printed error, so as to
292    // emit any arbitrary output if wants to, before the error itself
293    // is printed.  This functionality was added to allow Helgrind to
294    // print thread-announcement messages immediately before the
295    // errors that refer to them.
296    void (*before_pp_Error)(Error* err),
297 
298    // Print error context.
299    void (*pp_Error)(Error* err),
300 
301    // Should the core indicate which ThreadId each error comes from?
302    Bool show_ThreadIDs_for_errors,
303 
304    // Should fill in any details that could be postponed until after the
305    // decision whether to ignore the error (ie. details not affecting the
306    // result of VG_(tdict).tool_eq_Error()).  This saves time when errors
307    // are ignored.
308    // Yuk.
309    // Return value: must be the size of the `extra' part in bytes -- used by
310    // the core to make a copy.
311    UInt (*update_extra)(Error* err),
312 
313    // Return value indicates recognition.  If recognised, must set skind using
314    // VG_(set_supp_kind)().
315    Bool (*recognised_suppression)(Char* name, Supp* su),
316 
317    // Read any extra info for this suppression kind.  Most likely for filling
318    // in the `extra' and `string' parts (with VG_(set_supp_{extra, string})())
319    // of a suppression if necessary.  Should return False if a syntax error
320    // occurred, True otherwise.  bufpp and nBufp are the same as for
321    // VG_(get_line).
322    Bool (*read_extra_suppression_info)(Int fd, Char** bufpp, SizeT* nBufp,
323                                        Supp* su),
324 
325    // This should just check the kinds match and maybe some stuff in the
326    // `string' and `extra' field if appropriate (using VG_(get_supp_*)() to
327    // get the relevant suppression parts).
328    Bool (*error_matches_suppression)(Error* err, Supp* su),
329 
330    // This should return the suppression name, for --gen-suppressions, or NULL
331    // if that error type cannot be suppressed.  This is the inverse of
332    // VG_(tdict).tool_recognised_suppression().
333    Char* (*get_error_name)(Error* err),
334 
335    // This should print into buf[0..nBuf-1] any extra info for the
336    // error, for --gen-suppressions, but not including any leading
337    // spaces nor a trailing newline.  When called, buf[0 .. nBuf-1]
338    // will be zero filled, and it is expected and checked that the
339    // last element is still zero after the call.  In other words the
340    // tool may not overrun the buffer, and this is checked for.  If
341    // there is any info printed in the buffer, return True, otherwise
342    // do nothing, and return False.  This function is the inverse of
343    // VG_(tdict).tool_read_extra_suppression_info().
344    Bool (*print_extra_suppression_info)(Error* err,
345                                         /*OUT*/Char* buf, Int nBuf)
346 );
347 
348 /* Is information kept by the tool about specific instructions or
349    translations?  (Eg. for cachegrind there are cost-centres for every
350    instruction, stored in a per-translation fashion.)  If so, the info
351    may have to be discarded when translations are unloaded (eg. due to
352    .so unloading, or otherwise at the discretion of m_transtab, eg
353    when the table becomes too full) to avoid stale information being
354    reused for new translations. */
355 extern void VG_(needs_superblock_discards) (
356    // Discard any information that pertains to specific translations
357    // or instructions within the address range given.  There are two
358    // possible approaches.
359    // - If info is being stored at a per-translation level, use orig_addr
360    //   to identify which translation is being discarded.  Each translation
361    //   will be discarded exactly once.
362    //   This orig_addr will match the closure->nraddr which was passed to
363    //   to instrument() (see extensive comments above) when this
364    //   translation was made.  Note that orig_addr won't necessarily be
365    //   the same as the first address in "extents".
366    // - If info is being stored at a per-instruction level, you can get
367    //   the address range(s) being discarded by stepping through "extents".
368    //   Note that any single instruction may belong to more than one
369    //   translation, and so could be covered by the "extents" of more than
370    //   one call to this function.
371    // Doing it the first way (as eg. Cachegrind does) is probably easier.
372    void (*discard_superblock_info)(Addr64 orig_addr, VexGuestExtents extents)
373 );
374 
375 /* Tool defines its own command line options? */
376 extern void VG_(needs_command_line_options) (
377    // Return True if option was recognised, False if it wasn't (but also see
378    // below).  Presumably sets some state to record the option as well.
379    //
380    // Nb: tools can assume that the argv will never disappear.  So they can,
381    // for example, store a pointer to a string within an option, rather than
382    // having to make a copy.
383    //
384    // Options (and combinations of options) should be checked in this function
385    // if possible rather than in post_clo_init(), and if they are bad then
386    // VG_(fmsg_bad_option)() should be called.  This ensures that the
387    // messaging is consistent with command line option errors from the core.
388    Bool (*process_cmd_line_option)(Char* argv),
389 
390    // Print out command line usage for options for normal tool operation.
391    void (*print_usage)(void),
392 
393    // Print out command line usage for options for debugging the tool.
394    void (*print_debug_usage)(void)
395 );
396 
397 /* Tool defines its own client requests? */
398 extern void VG_(needs_client_requests) (
399    // If using client requests, the number of the first request should be equal
400    // to VG_USERREQ_TOOL_BASE('X', 'Y'), where 'X' and 'Y' form a suitable two
401    // character identification for the string.  The second and subsequent
402    // requests should follow.
403    //
404    // This function should use the VG_IS_TOOL_USERREQ macro (in
405    // include/valgrind.h) to first check if it's a request for this tool.  Then
406    // should handle it if it's recognised (and return True), or return False if
407    // not recognised.  arg_block[0] holds the request number, any further args
408    // from the request are in arg_block[1..].  'ret' is for the return value...
409    // it should probably be filled, if only with 0.
410    Bool (*handle_client_request)(ThreadId tid, UWord* arg_block, UWord* ret)
411 );
412 
413 /* Tool does stuff before and/or after system calls? */
414 // Nb: If either of the pre_ functions malloc() something to return, the
415 // corresponding post_ function had better free() it!
416 // Also, the args are the 'original args' -- that is, it may be
417 // that the syscall pre-wrapper will modify the args before the
418 // syscall happens.  So these args are the original, un-modified
419 // args.  Finally, nArgs merely indicates the length of args[..],
420 // it does not indicate how many of those values are actually
421 // relevant to the syscall.  args[0 .. nArgs-1] is guaranteed
422 // to be defined and to contain all the args for this syscall,
423 // possibly including some trailing zeroes.
424 extern void VG_(needs_syscall_wrapper) (
425                void (* pre_syscall)(ThreadId tid, UInt syscallno,
426                                     UWord* args, UInt nArgs),
427                void (*post_syscall)(ThreadId tid, UInt syscallno,
428                                     UWord* args, UInt nArgs, SysRes res)
429 );
430 
431 /* Are tool-state sanity checks performed? */
432 // Can be useful for ensuring a tool's correctness.  cheap_sanity_check()
433 // is called very frequently;  expensive_sanity_check() is called less
434 // frequently and can be more involved.
435 extern void VG_(needs_sanity_checks) (
436    Bool(*cheap_sanity_check)(void),
437    Bool(*expensive_sanity_check)(void)
438 );
439 
440 /* Do we need to see variable type and location information? */
441 extern void VG_(needs_var_info) ( void );
442 
443 /* Does the tool replace malloc() and friends with its own versions?
444    This has to be combined with the use of a vgpreload_<tool>.so module
445    or it won't work.  See massif/Makefile.am for how to build it. */
446 // The 'p' prefix avoids GCC complaints about overshadowing global names.
447 extern void VG_(needs_malloc_replacement)(
448    void* (*pmalloc)               ( ThreadId tid, SizeT n ),
449    void* (*p__builtin_new)        ( ThreadId tid, SizeT n ),
450    void* (*p__builtin_vec_new)    ( ThreadId tid, SizeT n ),
451    void* (*pmemalign)             ( ThreadId tid, SizeT align, SizeT n ),
452    void* (*pcalloc)               ( ThreadId tid, SizeT nmemb, SizeT size1 ),
453    void  (*pfree)                 ( ThreadId tid, void* p ),
454    void  (*p__builtin_delete)     ( ThreadId tid, void* p ),
455    void  (*p__builtin_vec_delete) ( ThreadId tid, void* p ),
456    void* (*prealloc)              ( ThreadId tid, void* p, SizeT new_size ),
457    SizeT (*pmalloc_usable_size)   ( ThreadId tid, void* p),
458    SizeT client_malloc_redzone_szB
459 );
460 
461 /* Can the tool do XML output?  This is a slight misnomer, because the tool
462  * is not requesting the core to do anything, rather saying "I can handle
463  * it". */
464 extern void VG_(needs_xml_output) ( void );
465 
466 /* Does the tool want to have one final pass over the IR after tree
467    building but before instruction selection?  If so specify the
468    function here. */
469 extern void VG_(needs_final_IR_tidy_pass) ( IRSB*(*final_tidy)(IRSB*) );
470 
471 
472 /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
473 /* Core events to track */
474 
475 /* Part of the core from which this call was made.  Useful for determining
476    what kind of error message should be emitted. */
477 typedef
478    enum { Vg_CoreStartup=1, Vg_CoreSignal, Vg_CoreSysCall,
479           // This is for platforms where syscall args are passed on the
480           // stack; although pre_mem_read is the callback that will be
481           // called, such an arg should be treated (with respect to
482           // presenting information to the user) as if it was passed in a
483           // register, ie. like pre_reg_read.
484           Vg_CoreSysCallArgInMem,
485           Vg_CoreTranslate, Vg_CoreClientReq
486    } CorePart;
487 
488 /* Events happening in core to track.  To be notified, pass a callback
489    function to the appropriate function.  To ignore an event, don't do
490    anything (the default is for events to be ignored).
491 
492    Note that most events aren't passed a ThreadId.  If the event is one called
493    from generated code (eg. new_mem_stack_*), you can use
494    VG_(get_running_tid)() to find it.  Otherwise, it has to be passed in,
495    as in pre_mem_read, and so the event signature will require changing.
496 
497    Memory events (Nb: to track heap allocation/freeing, a tool must replace
498    malloc() et al.  See above how to do this.)
499 
500    These ones occur at startup, upon some signals, and upon some syscalls.
501 
502    For new_mem_brk and new_mem_stack_signal, the supplied ThreadId
503    indicates the thread for whom the new memory is being allocated.
504 
505    For new_mem_startup and new_mem_mmap, the di_handle argument is a
506    handle which can be used to retrieve debug info associated with the
507    mapping or allocation (because it is of a file that Valgrind has
508    decided to read debug info from).  If the value is zero, there is
509    no associated debug info.  If the value exceeds zero, it can be
510    supplied as an argument to selected queries in m_debuginfo.
511 */
512 void VG_(track_new_mem_startup)     (void(*f)(Addr a, SizeT len,
513                                               Bool rr, Bool ww, Bool xx,
514                                               ULong di_handle));
515 void VG_(track_new_mem_stack_signal)(void(*f)(Addr a, SizeT len, ThreadId tid));
516 void VG_(track_new_mem_brk)         (void(*f)(Addr a, SizeT len, ThreadId tid));
517 void VG_(track_new_mem_mmap)        (void(*f)(Addr a, SizeT len,
518                                               Bool rr, Bool ww, Bool xx,
519                                               ULong di_handle));
520 
521 void VG_(track_copy_mem_remap)      (void(*f)(Addr from, Addr to, SizeT len));
522 void VG_(track_change_mem_mprotect) (void(*f)(Addr a, SizeT len,
523                                               Bool rr, Bool ww, Bool xx));
524 void VG_(track_die_mem_stack_signal)(void(*f)(Addr a, SizeT len));
525 void VG_(track_die_mem_brk)         (void(*f)(Addr a, SizeT len));
526 void VG_(track_die_mem_munmap)      (void(*f)(Addr a, SizeT len));
527 
528 /* These ones are called when SP changes.  A tool could track these itself
529    (except for ban_mem_stack) but it's much easier to use the core's help.
530 
531    The specialised ones are called in preference to the general one, if they
532    are defined.  These functions are called a lot if they are used, so
533    specialising can optimise things significantly.  If any of the
534    specialised cases are defined, the general case must be defined too.
535 
536    Nb: all the specialised ones must use the VG_REGPARM(n) attribute.
537 
538    For the _new functions, a tool may specify with with-ECU
539    (ExeContext Unique) or without-ECU version for each size, but not
540    both.  If the with-ECU version is supplied, then the core will
541    arrange to pass, as the ecu argument, a 32-bit int which uniquely
542    identifies the instruction moving the stack pointer down.  This
543    32-bit value is as obtained from VG_(get_ECU_from_ExeContext).
544    VG_(get_ExeContext_from_ECU) can then be used to retrieve the
545    associated depth-1 ExeContext for the location.  All this
546    complexity is provided to support origin tracking in Memcheck.
547 */
548 void VG_(track_new_mem_stack_4_w_ECU)  (VG_REGPARM(2) void(*f)(Addr new_ESP, UInt ecu));
549 void VG_(track_new_mem_stack_8_w_ECU)  (VG_REGPARM(2) void(*f)(Addr new_ESP, UInt ecu));
550 void VG_(track_new_mem_stack_12_w_ECU) (VG_REGPARM(2) void(*f)(Addr new_ESP, UInt ecu));
551 void VG_(track_new_mem_stack_16_w_ECU) (VG_REGPARM(2) void(*f)(Addr new_ESP, UInt ecu));
552 void VG_(track_new_mem_stack_32_w_ECU) (VG_REGPARM(2) void(*f)(Addr new_ESP, UInt ecu));
553 void VG_(track_new_mem_stack_112_w_ECU)(VG_REGPARM(2) void(*f)(Addr new_ESP, UInt ecu));
554 void VG_(track_new_mem_stack_128_w_ECU)(VG_REGPARM(2) void(*f)(Addr new_ESP, UInt ecu));
555 void VG_(track_new_mem_stack_144_w_ECU)(VG_REGPARM(2) void(*f)(Addr new_ESP, UInt ecu));
556 void VG_(track_new_mem_stack_160_w_ECU)(VG_REGPARM(2) void(*f)(Addr new_ESP, UInt ecu));
557 void VG_(track_new_mem_stack_w_ECU)                  (void(*f)(Addr a, SizeT len,
558                                                                        UInt ecu));
559 
560 void VG_(track_new_mem_stack_4)  (VG_REGPARM(1) void(*f)(Addr new_ESP));
561 void VG_(track_new_mem_stack_8)  (VG_REGPARM(1) void(*f)(Addr new_ESP));
562 void VG_(track_new_mem_stack_12) (VG_REGPARM(1) void(*f)(Addr new_ESP));
563 void VG_(track_new_mem_stack_16) (VG_REGPARM(1) void(*f)(Addr new_ESP));
564 void VG_(track_new_mem_stack_32) (VG_REGPARM(1) void(*f)(Addr new_ESP));
565 void VG_(track_new_mem_stack_112)(VG_REGPARM(1) void(*f)(Addr new_ESP));
566 void VG_(track_new_mem_stack_128)(VG_REGPARM(1) void(*f)(Addr new_ESP));
567 void VG_(track_new_mem_stack_144)(VG_REGPARM(1) void(*f)(Addr new_ESP));
568 void VG_(track_new_mem_stack_160)(VG_REGPARM(1) void(*f)(Addr new_ESP));
569 void VG_(track_new_mem_stack)                  (void(*f)(Addr a, SizeT len));
570 
571 void VG_(track_die_mem_stack_4)  (VG_REGPARM(1) void(*f)(Addr die_ESP));
572 void VG_(track_die_mem_stack_8)  (VG_REGPARM(1) void(*f)(Addr die_ESP));
573 void VG_(track_die_mem_stack_12) (VG_REGPARM(1) void(*f)(Addr die_ESP));
574 void VG_(track_die_mem_stack_16) (VG_REGPARM(1) void(*f)(Addr die_ESP));
575 void VG_(track_die_mem_stack_32) (VG_REGPARM(1) void(*f)(Addr die_ESP));
576 void VG_(track_die_mem_stack_112)(VG_REGPARM(1) void(*f)(Addr die_ESP));
577 void VG_(track_die_mem_stack_128)(VG_REGPARM(1) void(*f)(Addr die_ESP));
578 void VG_(track_die_mem_stack_144)(VG_REGPARM(1) void(*f)(Addr die_ESP));
579 void VG_(track_die_mem_stack_160)(VG_REGPARM(1) void(*f)(Addr die_ESP));
580 void VG_(track_die_mem_stack)                  (void(*f)(Addr a, SizeT len));
581 
582 /* Used for redzone at end of thread stacks */
583 void VG_(track_ban_mem_stack)      (void(*f)(Addr a, SizeT len));
584 
585 /* These ones occur around syscalls, signal handling, etc */
586 void VG_(track_pre_mem_read)       (void(*f)(CorePart part, ThreadId tid,
587                                              Char* s, Addr a, SizeT size));
588 void VG_(track_pre_mem_read_asciiz)(void(*f)(CorePart part, ThreadId tid,
589                                              Char* s, Addr a));
590 void VG_(track_pre_mem_write)      (void(*f)(CorePart part, ThreadId tid,
591                                              Char* s, Addr a, SizeT size));
592 void VG_(track_post_mem_write)     (void(*f)(CorePart part, ThreadId tid,
593                                              Addr a, SizeT size));
594 
595 /* Register events.  Use VG_(set_shadow_state_area)() to set the shadow regs
596    for these events.  */
597 void VG_(track_pre_reg_read)  (void(*f)(CorePart part, ThreadId tid,
598                                         Char* s, PtrdiffT guest_state_offset,
599                                         SizeT size));
600 void VG_(track_post_reg_write)(void(*f)(CorePart part, ThreadId tid,
601                                         PtrdiffT guest_state_offset,
602                                         SizeT size));
603 
604 /* This one is called for malloc() et al if they are replaced by a tool. */
605 void VG_(track_post_reg_write_clientcall_return)(
606       void(*f)(ThreadId tid, PtrdiffT guest_state_offset, SizeT size, Addr f));
607 
608 
609 /* Scheduler events (not exhaustive) */
610 
611 /* Called when 'tid' starts or stops running client code blocks.
612    Gives the total dispatched block count at that event.  Note, this
613    is not the same as 'tid' holding the BigLock (the lock that ensures
614    that only one thread runs at a time): a thread can hold the lock
615    for other purposes (making translations, etc) yet not be running
616    client blocks.  Obviously though, a thread must hold the lock in
617    order to run client code blocks, so the times bracketed by
618    'start_client_code'..'stop_client_code' are a subset of the times
619    when thread 'tid' holds the cpu lock.
620 */
621 void VG_(track_start_client_code)(
622         void(*f)(ThreadId tid, ULong blocks_dispatched)
623      );
624 void VG_(track_stop_client_code)(
625         void(*f)(ThreadId tid, ULong blocks_dispatched)
626      );
627 
628 
629 /* Thread events (not exhaustive)
630 
631    ll_create: low level thread creation.  Called before the new thread
632    has run any instructions (or touched any memory).  In fact, called
633    immediately before the new thread has come into existence; the new
634    thread can be assumed to exist when notified by this call.
635 
636    ll_exit: low level thread exit.  Called after the exiting thread
637    has run its last instruction.
638 
639    The _ll_ part makes it clear these events are not to do with
640    pthread_create or pthread_exit/pthread_join (etc), which are a
641    higher level abstraction synthesised by libpthread.  What you can
642    be sure of from _ll_create/_ll_exit is the absolute limits of each
643    thread's lifetime, and hence be assured that all memory references
644    made by the thread fall inside the _ll_create/_ll_exit pair.  This
645    is important for tools that need a 100% accurate account of which
646    thread is responsible for every memory reference in the process.
647 
648    pthread_create/join/exit do not give this property.  Calls/returns
649    to/from them happen arbitrarily far away from the relevant
650    low-level thread create/quit event.  In general a few hundred
651    instructions; hence a few hundred(ish) memory references could get
652    misclassified each time.
653 
654    pre_thread_first_insn: is called when the thread is all set up and
655    ready to go (stack in place, etc) but has not executed its first
656    instruction yet.  Gives threading tools a chance to ask questions
657    about the thread (eg, what is its initial client stack pointer)
658    that are not easily answered at pre_thread_ll_create time.
659 
660    For a given thread, the call sequence is:
661       ll_create (in the parent's context)
662       first_insn (in the child's context)
663       ll_exit (in the child's context)
664 */
665 void VG_(track_pre_thread_ll_create) (void(*f)(ThreadId tid, ThreadId child));
666 void VG_(track_pre_thread_first_insn)(void(*f)(ThreadId tid));
667 void VG_(track_pre_thread_ll_exit)   (void(*f)(ThreadId tid));
668 
669 
670 /* Signal events (not exhaustive)
671 
672    ... pre_send_signal, post_send_signal ...
673 
674    Called before a signal is delivered;  `alt_stack' indicates if it is
675    delivered on an alternative stack.  */
676 void VG_(track_pre_deliver_signal) (void(*f)(ThreadId tid, Int sigNo,
677                                              Bool alt_stack));
678 /* Called after a signal is delivered.  Nb: unfortunately, if the signal
679    handler longjmps, this won't be called.  */
680 void VG_(track_post_deliver_signal)(void(*f)(ThreadId tid, Int sigNo));
681 
682 #endif   // __PUB_TOOL_TOOLIFACE_H
683 
684 /*--------------------------------------------------------------------*/
685 /*--- end                                                          ---*/
686 /*--------------------------------------------------------------------*/
687