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1 /* $Id: evdns.c 6979 2006-08-04 18:31:13Z nickm $ */
2 
3 /* The original version of this module was written by Adam Langley; for
4  * a history of modifications, check out the subversion logs.
5  *
6  * When editing this module, try to keep it re-mergeable by Adam.  Don't
7  * reformat the whitespace, add Tor dependencies, or so on.
8  *
9  * TODO:
10  *   - Support IPv6 and PTR records.
11  *   - Replace all externally visible magic numbers with #defined constants.
12  *   - Write doccumentation for APIs of all external functions.
13  */
14 
15 /* Async DNS Library
16  * Adam Langley <agl@imperialviolet.org>
17  * http://www.imperialviolet.org/eventdns.html
18  * Public Domain code
19  *
20  * This software is Public Domain. To view a copy of the public domain dedication,
21  * visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/ or send a letter to
22  * Creative Commons, 559 Nathan Abbott Way, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
23  *
24  * I ask and expect, but do not require, that all derivative works contain an
25  * attribution similar to:
26  * 	Parts developed by Adam Langley <agl@imperialviolet.org>
27  *
28  * You may wish to replace the word "Parts" with something else depending on
29  * the amount of original code.
30  *
31  * (Derivative works does not include programs which link against, run or include
32  * the source verbatim in their source distributions)
33  *
34  * Version: 0.1b
35  */
36 
37 #include <sys/types.h>
38 #ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
39 #include "config.h"
40 #endif
41 
42 #ifdef DNS_USE_FTIME_FOR_ID
43 #include <sys/timeb.h>
44 #endif
45 
46 #ifndef DNS_USE_CPU_CLOCK_FOR_ID
47 #ifndef DNS_USE_GETTIMEOFDAY_FOR_ID
48 #ifndef DNS_USE_OPENSSL_FOR_ID
49 #ifndef DNS_USE_FTIME_FOR_ID
50 #error Must configure at least one id generation method.
51 #error Please see the documentation.
52 #endif
53 #endif
54 #endif
55 #endif
56 
57 /* #define _POSIX_C_SOURCE 200507 */
58 #define _GNU_SOURCE
59 
60 #ifdef DNS_USE_CPU_CLOCK_FOR_ID
61 #ifdef DNS_USE_OPENSSL_FOR_ID
62 #error Multiple id options selected
63 #endif
64 #ifdef DNS_USE_GETTIMEOFDAY_FOR_ID
65 #error Multiple id options selected
66 #endif
67 #include <time.h>
68 #endif
69 
70 #ifdef DNS_USE_OPENSSL_FOR_ID
71 #ifdef DNS_USE_GETTIMEOFDAY_FOR_ID
72 #error Multiple id options selected
73 #endif
74 #include <openssl/rand.h>
75 #endif
76 
77 #ifndef _FORTIFY_SOURCE
78 #define _FORTIFY_SOURCE 3
79 #endif
80 
81 #include <string.h>
82 #include <fcntl.h>
83 #ifdef HAVE_SYS_TIME_H
84 #include <sys/time.h>
85 #endif
86 #ifdef HAVE_STDINT_H
87 #include <stdint.h>
88 #endif
89 #include <stdlib.h>
90 #include <string.h>
91 #include <errno.h>
92 #include <assert.h>
93 #ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
94 #include <unistd.h>
95 #endif
96 #include <limits.h>
97 #include <sys/stat.h>
98 #include <ctype.h>
99 #include <stdio.h>
100 #include <stdarg.h>
101 
102 #include "evdns.h"
103 #include "evutil.h"
104 #include "log.h"
105 #ifdef WIN32
106 #include <winsock2.h>
107 #include <windows.h>
108 #include <iphlpapi.h>
109 #include <io.h>
110 #else
111 #include <sys/socket.h>
112 #include <netinet/in.h>
113 #include <arpa/inet.h>
114 #endif
115 
116 #ifdef HAVE_NETINET_IN6_H
117 #include <netinet/in6.h>
118 #endif
119 
120 #define EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG 0
121 #define EVDNS_LOG_WARN 1
122 
123 #ifndef HOST_NAME_MAX
124 #define HOST_NAME_MAX 255
125 #endif
126 
127 #include <stdio.h>
128 
129 #undef MIN
130 #define MIN(a,b) ((a)<(b)?(a):(b))
131 
132 #ifdef __USE_ISOC99B
133 /* libevent doesn't work without this */
134 typedef ev_uint8_t u_char;
135 typedef unsigned int uint;
136 #endif
137 #include "event.h"
138 
139 #define u64 ev_uint64_t
140 #define u32 ev_uint32_t
141 #define u16 ev_uint16_t
142 #define u8  ev_uint8_t
143 
144 #ifdef WIN32
145 #define open _open
146 #define read _read
147 #define close _close
148 #define strdup _strdup
149 #endif
150 
151 #define MAX_ADDRS 32  /* maximum number of addresses from a single packet */
152 /* which we bother recording */
153 
154 #define TYPE_A         EVDNS_TYPE_A
155 #define TYPE_CNAME     5
156 #define TYPE_PTR       EVDNS_TYPE_PTR
157 #define TYPE_AAAA      EVDNS_TYPE_AAAA
158 
159 #define CLASS_INET     EVDNS_CLASS_INET
160 
161 struct request {
162 	u8 *request;  /* the dns packet data */
163 	unsigned int request_len;
164 	int reissue_count;
165 	int tx_count;  /* the number of times that this packet has been sent */
166 	unsigned int request_type; /* TYPE_PTR or TYPE_A */
167 	void *user_pointer;  /* the pointer given to us for this request */
168 	evdns_callback_type user_callback;
169 	struct nameserver *ns;  /* the server which we last sent it */
170 
171 	/* elements used by the searching code */
172 	int search_index;
173 	struct search_state *search_state;
174 	char *search_origname;  /* needs to be free()ed */
175 	int search_flags;
176 
177 	/* these objects are kept in a circular list */
178 	struct request *next, *prev;
179 
180 	struct event timeout_event;
181 
182 	u16 trans_id;  /* the transaction id */
183 	char request_appended;  /* true if the request pointer is data which follows this struct */
184 	char transmit_me;  /* needs to be transmitted */
185 };
186 
187 #ifndef HAVE_STRUCT_IN6_ADDR
188 struct in6_addr {
189 	u8 s6_addr[16];
190 };
191 #endif
192 
193 struct reply {
194 	unsigned int type;
195 	unsigned int have_answer;
196 	union {
197 		struct {
198 			u32 addrcount;
199 			u32 addresses[MAX_ADDRS];
200 		} a;
201 		struct {
202 			u32 addrcount;
203 			struct in6_addr addresses[MAX_ADDRS];
204 		} aaaa;
205 		struct {
206 			char name[HOST_NAME_MAX];
207 		} ptr;
208 	} data;
209 };
210 
211 struct nameserver {
212 	int socket;  /* a connected UDP socket */
213 	u32 address;
214 	u16 port;
215 	int failed_times;  /* number of times which we have given this server a chance */
216 	int timedout;  /* number of times in a row a request has timed out */
217 	struct event event;
218 	/* these objects are kept in a circular list */
219 	struct nameserver *next, *prev;
220 	struct event timeout_event;  /* used to keep the timeout for */
221 				     /* when we next probe this server. */
222 				     /* Valid if state == 0 */
223 	char state;  /* zero if we think that this server is down */
224 	char choked;  /* true if we have an EAGAIN from this server's socket */
225 	char write_waiting;  /* true if we are waiting for EV_WRITE events */
226 };
227 
228 static struct request *req_head = NULL, *req_waiting_head = NULL;
229 static struct nameserver *server_head = NULL;
230 
231 /* Represents a local port where we're listening for DNS requests. Right now, */
232 /* only UDP is supported. */
233 struct evdns_server_port {
234 	int socket; /* socket we use to read queries and write replies. */
235 	int refcnt; /* reference count. */
236 	char choked; /* Are we currently blocked from writing? */
237 	char closing; /* Are we trying to close this port, pending writes? */
238 	evdns_request_callback_fn_type user_callback; /* Fn to handle requests */
239 	void *user_data; /* Opaque pointer passed to user_callback */
240 	struct event event; /* Read/write event */
241 	/* circular list of replies that we want to write. */
242 	struct server_request *pending_replies;
243 };
244 
245 /* Represents part of a reply being built.	(That is, a single RR.) */
246 struct server_reply_item {
247 	struct server_reply_item *next; /* next item in sequence. */
248 	char *name; /* name part of the RR */
249 	u16 type : 16; /* The RR type */
250 	u16 class : 16; /* The RR class (usually CLASS_INET) */
251 	u32 ttl; /* The RR TTL */
252 	char is_name; /* True iff data is a label */
253 	u16 datalen; /* Length of data; -1 if data is a label */
254 	void *data; /* The contents of the RR */
255 };
256 
257 /* Represents a request that we've received as a DNS server, and holds */
258 /* the components of the reply as we're constructing it. */
259 struct server_request {
260 	/* Pointers to the next and previous entries on the list of replies */
261 	/* that we're waiting to write.	 Only set if we have tried to respond */
262 	/* and gotten EAGAIN. */
263 	struct server_request *next_pending;
264 	struct server_request *prev_pending;
265 
266 	u16 trans_id; /* Transaction id. */
267 	struct evdns_server_port *port; /* Which port received this request on? */
268 	struct sockaddr_storage addr; /* Where to send the response */
269 	socklen_t addrlen; /* length of addr */
270 
271 	int n_answer; /* how many answer RRs have been set? */
272 	int n_authority; /* how many authority RRs have been set? */
273 	int n_additional; /* how many additional RRs have been set? */
274 
275 	struct server_reply_item *answer; /* linked list of answer RRs */
276 	struct server_reply_item *authority; /* linked list of authority RRs */
277 	struct server_reply_item *additional; /* linked list of additional RRs */
278 
279 	/* Constructed response.  Only set once we're ready to send a reply. */
280 	/* Once this is set, the RR fields are cleared, and no more should be set. */
281 	char *response;
282 	size_t response_len;
283 
284 	/* Caller-visible fields: flags, questions. */
285 	struct evdns_server_request base;
286 };
287 
288 /* helper macro */
289 #define OFFSET_OF(st, member) ((off_t) (((char*)&((st*)0)->member)-(char*)0))
290 
291 /* Given a pointer to an evdns_server_request, get the corresponding */
292 /* server_request. */
293 #define TO_SERVER_REQUEST(base_ptr)										\
294 	((struct server_request*)											\
295 	 (((char*)(base_ptr) - OFFSET_OF(struct server_request, base))))
296 
297 /* The number of good nameservers that we have */
298 static int global_good_nameservers = 0;
299 
300 /* inflight requests are contained in the req_head list */
301 /* and are actually going out across the network */
302 static int global_requests_inflight = 0;
303 /* requests which aren't inflight are in the waiting list */
304 /* and are counted here */
305 static int global_requests_waiting = 0;
306 
307 static int global_max_requests_inflight = 64;
308 
309 static struct timeval global_timeout = {5, 0};  /* 5 seconds */
310 static int global_max_reissues = 1;  /* a reissue occurs when we get some errors from the server */
311 static int global_max_retransmits = 3;  /* number of times we'll retransmit a request which timed out */
312 /* number of timeouts in a row before we consider this server to be down */
313 static int global_max_nameserver_timeout = 3;
314 
315 /* These are the timeout values for nameservers. If we find a nameserver is down */
316 /* we try to probe it at intervals as given below. Values are in seconds. */
317 static const struct timeval global_nameserver_timeouts[] = {{10, 0}, {60, 0}, {300, 0}, {900, 0}, {3600, 0}};
318 static const int global_nameserver_timeouts_length = sizeof(global_nameserver_timeouts)/sizeof(struct timeval);
319 
320 static struct nameserver *nameserver_pick(void);
321 static void evdns_request_insert(struct request *req, struct request **head);
322 static void nameserver_ready_callback(int fd, short events, void *arg);
323 static int evdns_transmit(void);
324 static int evdns_request_transmit(struct request *req);
325 static void nameserver_send_probe(struct nameserver *const ns);
326 static void search_request_finished(struct request *const);
327 static int search_try_next(struct request *const req);
328 static int search_request_new(int type, const char *const name, int flags, evdns_callback_type user_callback, void *user_arg);
329 static void evdns_requests_pump_waiting_queue(void);
330 static u16 transaction_id_pick(void);
331 static struct request *request_new(int type, const char *name, int flags, evdns_callback_type callback, void *ptr);
332 static void request_submit(struct request *const req);
333 
334 static int server_request_free(struct server_request *req);
335 static void server_request_free_answers(struct server_request *req);
336 static void server_port_free(struct evdns_server_port *port);
337 static void server_port_ready_callback(int fd, short events, void *arg);
338 
339 static int strtoint(const char *const str);
340 
341 #ifdef WIN32
342 static int
last_error(int sock)343 last_error(int sock)
344 {
345 	int optval, optvallen=sizeof(optval);
346 	int err = WSAGetLastError();
347 	if (err == WSAEWOULDBLOCK && sock >= 0) {
348 		if (getsockopt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_ERROR, (void*)&optval,
349 			       &optvallen))
350 			return err;
351 		if (optval)
352 			return optval;
353 	}
354 	return err;
355 
356 }
357 static int
error_is_eagain(int err)358 error_is_eagain(int err)
359 {
360 	return err == EAGAIN || err == WSAEWOULDBLOCK;
361 }
362 static int
inet_aton(const char * c,struct in_addr * addr)363 inet_aton(const char *c, struct in_addr *addr)
364 {
365 	ev_uint32_t r;
366 	if (strcmp(c, "255.255.255.255") == 0) {
367 		addr->s_addr = 0xffffffffu;
368 	} else {
369 		r = inet_addr(c);
370 		if (r == INADDR_NONE)
371 			return 0;
372 		addr->s_addr = r;
373 	}
374 	return 1;
375 }
376 #else
377 #define last_error(sock) (errno)
378 #define error_is_eagain(err) ((err) == EAGAIN)
379 #endif
380 #define CLOSE_SOCKET(s) EVUTIL_CLOSESOCKET(s)
381 
382 #define ISSPACE(c) isspace((int)(unsigned char)(c))
383 #define ISDIGIT(c) isdigit((int)(unsigned char)(c))
384 
385 static const char *
debug_ntoa(u32 address)386 debug_ntoa(u32 address)
387 {
388 	static char buf[32];
389 	u32 a = ntohl(address);
390 	evutil_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d.%d.%d.%d",
391                       (int)(u8)((a>>24)&0xff),
392                       (int)(u8)((a>>16)&0xff),
393                       (int)(u8)((a>>8 )&0xff),
394   		      (int)(u8)((a    )&0xff));
395 	return buf;
396 }
397 
398 static evdns_debug_log_fn_type evdns_log_fn = NULL;
399 
400 void
evdns_set_log_fn(evdns_debug_log_fn_type fn)401 evdns_set_log_fn(evdns_debug_log_fn_type fn)
402 {
403   evdns_log_fn = fn;
404 }
405 
406 #ifdef __GNUC__
407 #define EVDNS_LOG_CHECK  __attribute__ ((format(printf, 2, 3)))
408 #else
409 #define EVDNS_LOG_CHECK
410 #endif
411 
412 static void _evdns_log(int warn, const char *fmt, ...) EVDNS_LOG_CHECK;
413 static void
_evdns_log(int warn,const char * fmt,...)414 _evdns_log(int warn, const char *fmt, ...)
415 {
416   va_list args;
417   static char buf[512];
418   if (!evdns_log_fn)
419     return;
420   va_start(args,fmt);
421   evutil_vsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), fmt, args);
422   buf[sizeof(buf)-1] = '\0';
423   evdns_log_fn(warn, buf);
424   va_end(args);
425 }
426 
427 #define log _evdns_log
428 
429 /* This walks the list of inflight requests to find the */
430 /* one with a matching transaction id. Returns NULL on */
431 /* failure */
432 static struct request *
request_find_from_trans_id(u16 trans_id)433 request_find_from_trans_id(u16 trans_id) {
434 	struct request *req = req_head, *const started_at = req_head;
435 
436 	if (req) {
437 		do {
438 			if (req->trans_id == trans_id) return req;
439 			req = req->next;
440 		} while (req != started_at);
441 	}
442 
443 	return NULL;
444 }
445 
446 /* a libevent callback function which is called when a nameserver */
447 /* has gone down and we want to test if it has came back to life yet */
448 static void
nameserver_prod_callback(int fd,short events,void * arg)449 nameserver_prod_callback(int fd, short events, void *arg) {
450 	struct nameserver *const ns = (struct nameserver *) arg;
451         (void)fd;
452         (void)events;
453 
454 	nameserver_send_probe(ns);
455 }
456 
457 /* a libevent callback which is called when a nameserver probe (to see if */
458 /* it has come back to life) times out. We increment the count of failed_times */
459 /* and wait longer to send the next probe packet. */
460 static void
nameserver_probe_failed(struct nameserver * const ns)461 nameserver_probe_failed(struct nameserver *const ns) {
462 	const struct timeval * timeout;
463 	(void) evtimer_del(&ns->timeout_event);
464 	if (ns->state == 1) {
465 		/* This can happen if the nameserver acts in a way which makes us mark */
466 		/* it as bad and then starts sending good replies. */
467 		return;
468 	}
469 
470 	timeout =
471 	  &global_nameserver_timeouts[MIN(ns->failed_times,
472 					  global_nameserver_timeouts_length - 1)];
473 	ns->failed_times++;
474 
475 	if (evtimer_add(&ns->timeout_event, (struct timeval *) timeout) < 0) {
476           log(EVDNS_LOG_WARN,
477               "Error from libevent when adding timer event for %s",
478               debug_ntoa(ns->address));
479           /* ???? Do more? */
480         }
481 }
482 
483 /* called when a nameserver has been deemed to have failed. For example, too */
484 /* many packets have timed out etc */
485 static void
nameserver_failed(struct nameserver * const ns,const char * msg)486 nameserver_failed(struct nameserver *const ns, const char *msg) {
487 	struct request *req, *started_at;
488 	/* if this nameserver has already been marked as failed */
489 	/* then don't do anything */
490 	if (!ns->state) return;
491 
492 	log(EVDNS_LOG_WARN, "Nameserver %s has failed: %s",
493             debug_ntoa(ns->address), msg);
494 	global_good_nameservers--;
495 	assert(global_good_nameservers >= 0);
496 	if (global_good_nameservers == 0) {
497 		log(EVDNS_LOG_WARN, "All nameservers have failed");
498 	}
499 
500 	ns->state = 0;
501 	ns->failed_times = 1;
502 
503 	if (evtimer_add(&ns->timeout_event, (struct timeval *) &global_nameserver_timeouts[0]) < 0) {
504 		log(EVDNS_LOG_WARN,
505 		    "Error from libevent when adding timer event for %s",
506 		    debug_ntoa(ns->address));
507 		/* ???? Do more? */
508         }
509 
510 	/* walk the list of inflight requests to see if any can be reassigned to */
511 	/* a different server. Requests in the waiting queue don't have a */
512 	/* nameserver assigned yet */
513 
514 	/* if we don't have *any* good nameservers then there's no point */
515 	/* trying to reassign requests to one */
516 	if (!global_good_nameservers) return;
517 
518 	req = req_head;
519 	started_at = req_head;
520 	if (req) {
521 		do {
522 			if (req->tx_count == 0 && req->ns == ns) {
523 				/* still waiting to go out, can be moved */
524 				/* to another server */
525 				req->ns = nameserver_pick();
526 			}
527 			req = req->next;
528 		} while (req != started_at);
529 	}
530 }
531 
532 static void
nameserver_up(struct nameserver * const ns)533 nameserver_up(struct nameserver *const ns) {
534 	if (ns->state) return;
535 	log(EVDNS_LOG_WARN, "Nameserver %s is back up",
536 	    debug_ntoa(ns->address));
537 	evtimer_del(&ns->timeout_event);
538 	ns->state = 1;
539 	ns->failed_times = 0;
540 	ns->timedout = 0;
541 	global_good_nameservers++;
542 }
543 
544 static void
request_trans_id_set(struct request * const req,const u16 trans_id)545 request_trans_id_set(struct request *const req, const u16 trans_id) {
546 	req->trans_id = trans_id;
547 	*((u16 *) req->request) = htons(trans_id);
548 }
549 
550 /* Called to remove a request from a list and dealloc it. */
551 /* head is a pointer to the head of the list it should be */
552 /* removed from or NULL if the request isn't in a list. */
553 static void
request_finished(struct request * const req,struct request ** head)554 request_finished(struct request *const req, struct request **head) {
555 	if (head) {
556 		if (req->next == req) {
557 			/* only item in the list */
558 			*head = NULL;
559 		} else {
560 			req->next->prev = req->prev;
561 			req->prev->next = req->next;
562 			if (*head == req) *head = req->next;
563 		}
564 	}
565 
566 	log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG, "Removing timeout for request %lx",
567 	    (unsigned long) req);
568 	evtimer_del(&req->timeout_event);
569 
570 	search_request_finished(req);
571 	global_requests_inflight--;
572 
573 	if (!req->request_appended) {
574 		/* need to free the request data on it's own */
575 		free(req->request);
576 	} else {
577 		/* the request data is appended onto the header */
578 		/* so everything gets free()ed when we: */
579 	}
580 
581 	free(req);
582 
583 	evdns_requests_pump_waiting_queue();
584 }
585 
586 /* This is called when a server returns a funny error code. */
587 /* We try the request again with another server. */
588 /* */
589 /* return: */
590 /*   0 ok */
591 /*   1 failed/reissue is pointless */
592 static int
request_reissue(struct request * req)593 request_reissue(struct request *req) {
594 	const struct nameserver *const last_ns = req->ns;
595 	/* the last nameserver should have been marked as failing */
596 	/* by the caller of this function, therefore pick will try */
597 	/* not to return it */
598 	req->ns = nameserver_pick();
599 	if (req->ns == last_ns) {
600 		/* ... but pick did return it */
601 		/* not a lot of point in trying again with the */
602 		/* same server */
603 		return 1;
604 	}
605 
606 	req->reissue_count++;
607 	req->tx_count = 0;
608 	req->transmit_me = 1;
609 
610 	return 0;
611 }
612 
613 /* this function looks for space on the inflight queue and promotes */
614 /* requests from the waiting queue if it can. */
615 static void
evdns_requests_pump_waiting_queue(void)616 evdns_requests_pump_waiting_queue(void) {
617 	while (global_requests_inflight < global_max_requests_inflight &&
618 	    global_requests_waiting) {
619 		struct request *req;
620 		/* move a request from the waiting queue to the inflight queue */
621 		assert(req_waiting_head);
622 		if (req_waiting_head->next == req_waiting_head) {
623 			/* only one item in the queue */
624 			req = req_waiting_head;
625 			req_waiting_head = NULL;
626 		} else {
627 			req = req_waiting_head;
628 			req->next->prev = req->prev;
629 			req->prev->next = req->next;
630 			req_waiting_head = req->next;
631 		}
632 
633 		global_requests_waiting--;
634 		global_requests_inflight++;
635 
636 		req->ns = nameserver_pick();
637 		request_trans_id_set(req, transaction_id_pick());
638 
639 		evdns_request_insert(req, &req_head);
640 		evdns_request_transmit(req);
641 		evdns_transmit();
642 	}
643 }
644 
645 static void
reply_callback(struct request * const req,u32 ttl,u32 err,struct reply * reply)646 reply_callback(struct request *const req, u32 ttl, u32 err, struct reply *reply) {
647 	switch (req->request_type) {
648 	case TYPE_A:
649 		if (reply)
650 			req->user_callback(DNS_ERR_NONE, DNS_IPv4_A,
651 							   reply->data.a.addrcount, ttl,
652 						 reply->data.a.addresses,
653 							   req->user_pointer);
654 		else
655 			req->user_callback(err, 0, 0, 0, NULL, req->user_pointer);
656 		return;
657 	case TYPE_PTR:
658 		if (reply) {
659 			char *name = reply->data.ptr.name;
660 			req->user_callback(DNS_ERR_NONE, DNS_PTR, 1, ttl,
661 							   &name, req->user_pointer);
662 		} else {
663 			req->user_callback(err, 0, 0, 0, NULL,
664 							   req->user_pointer);
665 		}
666 		return;
667 	case TYPE_AAAA:
668 		if (reply)
669 			req->user_callback(DNS_ERR_NONE, DNS_IPv6_AAAA,
670 							   reply->data.aaaa.addrcount, ttl,
671 							   reply->data.aaaa.addresses,
672 							   req->user_pointer);
673 		else
674 			req->user_callback(err, 0, 0, 0, NULL, req->user_pointer);
675                 return;
676 	}
677 	assert(0);
678 }
679 
680 /* this processes a parsed reply packet */
681 static void
reply_handle(struct request * const req,u16 flags,u32 ttl,struct reply * reply)682 reply_handle(struct request *const req, u16 flags, u32 ttl, struct reply *reply) {
683 	int error;
684 	static const int error_codes[] = {
685 		DNS_ERR_FORMAT, DNS_ERR_SERVERFAILED, DNS_ERR_NOTEXIST,
686 		DNS_ERR_NOTIMPL, DNS_ERR_REFUSED
687 	};
688 
689 	if (flags & 0x020f || !reply || !reply->have_answer) {
690 		/* there was an error */
691 		if (flags & 0x0200) {
692 			error = DNS_ERR_TRUNCATED;
693 		} else {
694 			u16 error_code = (flags & 0x000f) - 1;
695 			if (error_code > 4) {
696 				error = DNS_ERR_UNKNOWN;
697 			} else {
698 				error = error_codes[error_code];
699 			}
700 		}
701 
702 		switch(error) {
703 		case DNS_ERR_NOTIMPL:
704 		case DNS_ERR_REFUSED:
705 			/* we regard these errors as marking a bad nameserver */
706 			if (req->reissue_count < global_max_reissues) {
707 				char msg[64];
708 				evutil_snprintf(msg, sizeof(msg),
709 				    "Bad response %d (%s)",
710 					 error, evdns_err_to_string(error));
711 				nameserver_failed(req->ns, msg);
712 				if (!request_reissue(req)) return;
713 			}
714 			break;
715 		case DNS_ERR_SERVERFAILED:
716 			/* rcode 2 (servfailed) sometimes means "we
717 			 * are broken" and sometimes (with some binds)
718 			 * means "that request was very confusing."
719 			 * Treat this as a timeout, not a failure.
720 			 */
721 			log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG, "Got a SERVERFAILED from nameserver %s; "
722 				"will allow the request to time out.",
723 				debug_ntoa(req->ns->address));
724 			break;
725 		default:
726 			/* we got a good reply from the nameserver */
727 			nameserver_up(req->ns);
728 		}
729 
730 		if (req->search_state && req->request_type != TYPE_PTR) {
731 			/* if we have a list of domains to search in,
732 			 * try the next one */
733 			if (!search_try_next(req)) {
734 				/* a new request was issued so this
735 				 * request is finished and */
736 				/* the user callback will be made when
737 				 * that request (or a */
738 				/* child of it) finishes. */
739 				request_finished(req, &req_head);
740 				return;
741 			}
742 		}
743 
744 		/* all else failed. Pass the failure up */
745 		reply_callback(req, 0, error, NULL);
746 		request_finished(req, &req_head);
747 	} else {
748 		/* all ok, tell the user */
749 		reply_callback(req, ttl, 0, reply);
750 		nameserver_up(req->ns);
751 		request_finished(req, &req_head);
752 	}
753 }
754 
755 static int
name_parse(u8 * packet,int length,int * idx,char * name_out,int name_out_len)756 name_parse(u8 *packet, int length, int *idx, char *name_out, int name_out_len) {
757 	int name_end = -1;
758 	int j = *idx;
759 	int ptr_count = 0;
760 #define GET32(x) do { if (j + 4 > length) goto err; memcpy(&_t32, packet + j, 4); j += 4; x = ntohl(_t32); } while(0)
761 #define GET16(x) do { if (j + 2 > length) goto err; memcpy(&_t, packet + j, 2); j += 2; x = ntohs(_t); } while(0)
762 #define GET8(x) do { if (j >= length) goto err; x = packet[j++]; } while(0)
763 
764 	char *cp = name_out;
765 	const char *const end = name_out + name_out_len;
766 
767 	/* Normally, names are a series of length prefixed strings terminated */
768 	/* with a length of 0 (the lengths are u8's < 63). */
769 	/* However, the length can start with a pair of 1 bits and that */
770 	/* means that the next 14 bits are a pointer within the current */
771 	/* packet. */
772 
773 	for(;;) {
774 		u8 label_len;
775 		if (j >= length) return -1;
776 		GET8(label_len);
777 		if (!label_len) break;
778 		if (label_len & 0xc0) {
779 			u8 ptr_low;
780 			GET8(ptr_low);
781 			if (name_end < 0) name_end = j;
782 			j = (((int)label_len & 0x3f) << 8) + ptr_low;
783 			/* Make sure that the target offset is in-bounds. */
784 			if (j < 0 || j >= length) return -1;
785 			/* If we've jumped more times than there are characters in the
786 			 * message, we must have a loop. */
787 			if (++ptr_count > length) return -1;
788 			continue;
789 		}
790 		if (label_len > 63) return -1;
791 		if (cp != name_out) {
792 			if (cp + 1 >= end) return -1;
793 			*cp++ = '.';
794 		}
795 		if (cp + label_len >= end) return -1;
796 		memcpy(cp, packet + j, label_len);
797 		cp += label_len;
798 		j += label_len;
799 	}
800 	if (cp >= end) return -1;
801 	*cp = '\0';
802 	if (name_end < 0)
803 		*idx = j;
804 	else
805 		*idx = name_end;
806 	return 0;
807  err:
808 	return -1;
809 }
810 
811 /* parses a raw request from a nameserver */
812 static int
reply_parse(u8 * packet,int length)813 reply_parse(u8 *packet, int length) {
814 	int j = 0, k = 0;  /* index into packet */
815 	u16 _t;  /* used by the macros */
816 	u32 _t32;  /* used by the macros */
817 	char tmp_name[256], cmp_name[256]; /* used by the macros */
818 
819 	u16 trans_id, questions, answers, authority, additional, datalength;
820         u16 flags = 0;
821 	u32 ttl, ttl_r = 0xffffffff;
822 	struct reply reply;
823 	struct request *req = NULL;
824 	unsigned int i;
825 
826 	GET16(trans_id);
827 	GET16(flags);
828 	GET16(questions);
829 	GET16(answers);
830 	GET16(authority);
831 	GET16(additional);
832 	(void) authority; /* suppress "unused variable" warnings. */
833 	(void) additional; /* suppress "unused variable" warnings. */
834 
835 	req = request_find_from_trans_id(trans_id);
836 	if (!req) return -1;
837 
838 	memset(&reply, 0, sizeof(reply));
839 
840 	/* If it's not an answer, it doesn't correspond to any request. */
841 	if (!(flags & 0x8000)) return -1;  /* must be an answer */
842 	if (flags & 0x020f) {
843 		/* there was an error */
844 		goto err;
845 	}
846 	/* if (!answers) return; */  /* must have an answer of some form */
847 
848 	/* This macro skips a name in the DNS reply. */
849 #define SKIP_NAME \
850 	do { tmp_name[0] = '\0';				\
851 		if (name_parse(packet, length, &j, tmp_name, sizeof(tmp_name))<0)\
852 			goto err;				\
853 	} while(0)
854 #define TEST_NAME \
855 	do { tmp_name[0] = '\0';				\
856 		cmp_name[0] = '\0';				\
857 		k = j;						\
858 		if (name_parse(packet, length, &j, tmp_name, sizeof(tmp_name))<0)\
859 			goto err;					\
860 		if (name_parse(req->request, req->request_len, &k, cmp_name, sizeof(cmp_name))<0)	\
861 			goto err;				\
862 		if (memcmp(tmp_name, cmp_name, strlen (tmp_name)) != 0)	\
863 			return (-1); /* we ignore mismatching names */	\
864 	} while(0)
865 
866 	reply.type = req->request_type;
867 
868 	/* skip over each question in the reply */
869 	for (i = 0; i < questions; ++i) {
870 		/* the question looks like
871 		 *   <label:name><u16:type><u16:class>
872 		 */
873 		TEST_NAME;
874 		j += 4;
875 		if (j > length) goto err;
876 	}
877 
878 	/* now we have the answer section which looks like
879 	 * <label:name><u16:type><u16:class><u32:ttl><u16:len><data...>
880 	 */
881 
882 	for (i = 0; i < answers; ++i) {
883 		u16 type, class;
884 
885 		SKIP_NAME;
886 		GET16(type);
887 		GET16(class);
888 		GET32(ttl);
889 		GET16(datalength);
890 
891 		if (type == TYPE_A && class == CLASS_INET) {
892 			int addrcount, addrtocopy;
893 			if (req->request_type != TYPE_A) {
894 				j += datalength; continue;
895 			}
896 			if ((datalength & 3) != 0) /* not an even number of As. */
897 			    goto err;
898 			addrcount = datalength >> 2;
899 			addrtocopy = MIN(MAX_ADDRS - reply.data.a.addrcount, (unsigned)addrcount);
900 
901 			ttl_r = MIN(ttl_r, ttl);
902 			/* we only bother with the first four addresses. */
903 			if (j + 4*addrtocopy > length) goto err;
904 			memcpy(&reply.data.a.addresses[reply.data.a.addrcount],
905 				   packet + j, 4*addrtocopy);
906 			j += 4*addrtocopy;
907 			reply.data.a.addrcount += addrtocopy;
908 			reply.have_answer = 1;
909 			if (reply.data.a.addrcount == MAX_ADDRS) break;
910 		} else if (type == TYPE_PTR && class == CLASS_INET) {
911 			if (req->request_type != TYPE_PTR) {
912 				j += datalength; continue;
913 			}
914 			if (name_parse(packet, length, &j, reply.data.ptr.name,
915 						   sizeof(reply.data.ptr.name))<0)
916 				goto err;
917 			ttl_r = MIN(ttl_r, ttl);
918 			reply.have_answer = 1;
919 			break;
920 		} else if (type == TYPE_AAAA && class == CLASS_INET) {
921 			int addrcount, addrtocopy;
922 			if (req->request_type != TYPE_AAAA) {
923 				j += datalength; continue;
924 			}
925 			if ((datalength & 15) != 0) /* not an even number of AAAAs. */
926 				goto err;
927 			addrcount = datalength >> 4;  /* each address is 16 bytes long */
928 			addrtocopy = MIN(MAX_ADDRS - reply.data.aaaa.addrcount, (unsigned)addrcount);
929 			ttl_r = MIN(ttl_r, ttl);
930 
931 			/* we only bother with the first four addresses. */
932 			if (j + 16*addrtocopy > length) goto err;
933 			memcpy(&reply.data.aaaa.addresses[reply.data.aaaa.addrcount],
934 				   packet + j, 16*addrtocopy);
935 			reply.data.aaaa.addrcount += addrtocopy;
936 			j += 16*addrtocopy;
937 			reply.have_answer = 1;
938 			if (reply.data.aaaa.addrcount == MAX_ADDRS) break;
939 		} else {
940 			/* skip over any other type of resource */
941 			j += datalength;
942 		}
943 	}
944 
945 	reply_handle(req, flags, ttl_r, &reply);
946 	return 0;
947  err:
948 	if (req)
949 		reply_handle(req, flags, 0, NULL);
950 	return -1;
951 }
952 
953 /* Parse a raw request (packet,length) sent to a nameserver port (port) from */
954 /* a DNS client (addr,addrlen), and if it's well-formed, call the corresponding */
955 /* callback. */
956 static int
request_parse(u8 * packet,int length,struct evdns_server_port * port,struct sockaddr * addr,socklen_t addrlen)957 request_parse(u8 *packet, int length, struct evdns_server_port *port, struct sockaddr *addr, socklen_t addrlen)
958 {
959 	int j = 0;	/* index into packet */
960 	u16 _t;	 /* used by the macros */
961 	char tmp_name[256]; /* used by the macros */
962 
963 	int i;
964 	u16 trans_id, flags, questions, answers, authority, additional;
965 	struct server_request *server_req = NULL;
966 
967 	/* Get the header fields */
968 	GET16(trans_id);
969 	GET16(flags);
970 	GET16(questions);
971 	GET16(answers);
972 	GET16(authority);
973 	GET16(additional);
974 
975 	if (flags & 0x8000) return -1; /* Must not be an answer. */
976 	flags &= 0x0110; /* Only RD and CD get preserved. */
977 
978 	server_req = malloc(sizeof(struct server_request));
979 	if (server_req == NULL) return -1;
980 	memset(server_req, 0, sizeof(struct server_request));
981 
982 	server_req->trans_id = trans_id;
983 	memcpy(&server_req->addr, addr, addrlen);
984 	server_req->addrlen = addrlen;
985 
986 	server_req->base.flags = flags;
987 	server_req->base.nquestions = 0;
988 	server_req->base.questions = malloc(sizeof(struct evdns_server_question *) * questions);
989 	if (server_req->base.questions == NULL)
990 		goto err;
991 
992 	for (i = 0; i < questions; ++i) {
993 		u16 type, class;
994 		struct evdns_server_question *q;
995 		int namelen;
996 		if (name_parse(packet, length, &j, tmp_name, sizeof(tmp_name))<0)
997 			goto err;
998 		GET16(type);
999 		GET16(class);
1000 		namelen = strlen(tmp_name);
1001 		q = malloc(sizeof(struct evdns_server_question) + namelen);
1002 		if (!q)
1003 			goto err;
1004 		q->type = type;
1005 		q->dns_question_class = class;
1006 		memcpy(q->name, tmp_name, namelen+1);
1007 		server_req->base.questions[server_req->base.nquestions++] = q;
1008 	}
1009 
1010 	/* Ignore answers, authority, and additional. */
1011 
1012 	server_req->port = port;
1013 	port->refcnt++;
1014 
1015 	/* Only standard queries are supported. */
1016 	if (flags & 0x7800) {
1017 		evdns_server_request_respond(&(server_req->base), DNS_ERR_NOTIMPL);
1018 		return -1;
1019 	}
1020 
1021 	port->user_callback(&(server_req->base), port->user_data);
1022 
1023 	return 0;
1024 err:
1025 	if (server_req) {
1026 		if (server_req->base.questions) {
1027 			for (i = 0; i < server_req->base.nquestions; ++i)
1028 				free(server_req->base.questions[i]);
1029 			free(server_req->base.questions);
1030 		}
1031 		free(server_req);
1032 	}
1033 	return -1;
1034 
1035 #undef SKIP_NAME
1036 #undef GET32
1037 #undef GET16
1038 #undef GET8
1039 }
1040 
1041 static u16
default_transaction_id_fn(void)1042 default_transaction_id_fn(void)
1043 {
1044 	u16 trans_id;
1045 #ifdef DNS_USE_CPU_CLOCK_FOR_ID
1046 	struct timespec ts;
1047 	static int clkid = -1;
1048 	if (clkid == -1) {
1049 		clkid = CLOCK_REALTIME;
1050 #ifdef CLOCK_MONOTONIC
1051 		if (clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &ts) != -1)
1052 			clkid = CLOCK_MONOTONIC;
1053 #endif
1054 	}
1055 	if (clock_gettime(clkid, &ts) == -1)
1056 		event_err(1, "clock_gettime");
1057 	trans_id = ts.tv_nsec & 0xffff;
1058 #endif
1059 
1060 #ifdef DNS_USE_FTIME_FOR_ID
1061 	struct _timeb tb;
1062 	_ftime(&tb);
1063 	trans_id = tb.millitm & 0xffff;
1064 #endif
1065 
1066 #ifdef DNS_USE_GETTIMEOFDAY_FOR_ID
1067 	struct timeval tv;
1068 	evutil_gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
1069 	trans_id = tv.tv_usec & 0xffff;
1070 #endif
1071 
1072 #ifdef DNS_USE_OPENSSL_FOR_ID
1073 	if (RAND_pseudo_bytes((u8 *) &trans_id, 2) == -1) {
1074 		/* in the case that the RAND call fails we back */
1075 		/* down to using gettimeofday. */
1076 		/*
1077 		  struct timeval tv;
1078 		  evutil_gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
1079 		  trans_id = tv.tv_usec & 0xffff;
1080 		*/
1081 		abort();
1082 	}
1083 #endif
1084 	return trans_id;
1085 }
1086 
1087 static ev_uint16_t (*trans_id_function)(void) = default_transaction_id_fn;
1088 
1089 void
evdns_set_transaction_id_fn(ev_uint16_t (* fn)(void))1090 evdns_set_transaction_id_fn(ev_uint16_t (*fn)(void))
1091 {
1092 	if (fn)
1093 		trans_id_function = fn;
1094 	else
1095 		trans_id_function = default_transaction_id_fn;
1096 }
1097 
1098 /* Try to choose a strong transaction id which isn't already in flight */
1099 static u16
transaction_id_pick(void)1100 transaction_id_pick(void) {
1101 	for (;;) {
1102 		const struct request *req = req_head, *started_at;
1103 		u16 trans_id = trans_id_function();
1104 
1105 		if (trans_id == 0xffff) continue;
1106 		/* now check to see if that id is already inflight */
1107 		req = started_at = req_head;
1108 		if (req) {
1109 			do {
1110 				if (req->trans_id == trans_id) break;
1111 				req = req->next;
1112 			} while (req != started_at);
1113 		}
1114 		/* we didn't find it, so this is a good id */
1115 		if (req == started_at) return trans_id;
1116 	}
1117 }
1118 
1119 /* choose a namesever to use. This function will try to ignore */
1120 /* nameservers which we think are down and load balance across the rest */
1121 /* by updating the server_head global each time. */
1122 static struct nameserver *
nameserver_pick(void)1123 nameserver_pick(void) {
1124 	struct nameserver *started_at = server_head, *picked;
1125 	if (!server_head) return NULL;
1126 
1127 	/* if we don't have any good nameservers then there's no */
1128 	/* point in trying to find one. */
1129 	if (!global_good_nameservers) {
1130 		server_head = server_head->next;
1131 		return server_head;
1132 	}
1133 
1134 	/* remember that nameservers are in a circular list */
1135 	for (;;) {
1136 		if (server_head->state) {
1137 			/* we think this server is currently good */
1138 			picked = server_head;
1139 			server_head = server_head->next;
1140 			return picked;
1141 		}
1142 
1143 		server_head = server_head->next;
1144 		if (server_head == started_at) {
1145 			/* all the nameservers seem to be down */
1146 			/* so we just return this one and hope for the */
1147 			/* best */
1148 			assert(global_good_nameservers == 0);
1149 			picked = server_head;
1150 			server_head = server_head->next;
1151 			return picked;
1152 		}
1153 	}
1154 }
1155 
1156 static int
address_is_correct(struct nameserver * ns,struct sockaddr * sa,socklen_t slen)1157 address_is_correct(struct nameserver *ns, struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t slen)
1158 {
1159 	struct sockaddr_in *sin = (struct sockaddr_in*) sa;
1160 	if (sa->sa_family != AF_INET || slen != sizeof(struct sockaddr_in))
1161 		return 0;
1162 	if (sin->sin_addr.s_addr != ns->address)
1163 		return 0;
1164 	return 1;
1165 }
1166 
1167 /* this is called when a namesever socket is ready for reading */
1168 static void
nameserver_read(struct nameserver * ns)1169 nameserver_read(struct nameserver *ns) {
1170 	u8 packet[1500];
1171 	struct sockaddr_storage ss;
1172 	socklen_t addrlen = sizeof(ss);
1173 
1174 	for (;;) {
1175           	const int r = recvfrom(ns->socket, packet, sizeof(packet), 0,
1176 		    (struct sockaddr*)&ss, &addrlen);
1177 		if (r < 0) {
1178 			int err = last_error(ns->socket);
1179 			if (error_is_eagain(err)) return;
1180 			nameserver_failed(ns, strerror(err));
1181 			return;
1182 		}
1183 		if (!address_is_correct(ns, (struct sockaddr*)&ss, addrlen)) {
1184 			log(EVDNS_LOG_WARN, "Address mismatch on received "
1185 			    "DNS packet.");
1186 			return;
1187 		}
1188 		ns->timedout = 0;
1189 		reply_parse(packet, r);
1190 	}
1191 }
1192 
1193 /* Read a packet from a DNS client on a server port s, parse it, and */
1194 /* act accordingly. */
1195 static void
server_port_read(struct evdns_server_port * s)1196 server_port_read(struct evdns_server_port *s) {
1197 	u8 packet[1500];
1198 	struct sockaddr_storage addr;
1199 	socklen_t addrlen;
1200 	int r;
1201 
1202 	for (;;) {
1203 		addrlen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_storage);
1204 		r = recvfrom(s->socket, packet, sizeof(packet), 0,
1205 					 (struct sockaddr*) &addr, &addrlen);
1206 		if (r < 0) {
1207 			int err = last_error(s->socket);
1208 			if (error_is_eagain(err)) return;
1209 			log(EVDNS_LOG_WARN, "Error %s (%d) while reading request.",
1210 				strerror(err), err);
1211 			return;
1212 		}
1213 		request_parse(packet, r, s, (struct sockaddr*) &addr, addrlen);
1214 	}
1215 }
1216 
1217 /* Try to write all pending replies on a given DNS server port. */
1218 static void
server_port_flush(struct evdns_server_port * port)1219 server_port_flush(struct evdns_server_port *port)
1220 {
1221 	while (port->pending_replies) {
1222 		struct server_request *req = port->pending_replies;
1223 		int r = sendto(port->socket, req->response, req->response_len, 0,
1224 			   (struct sockaddr*) &req->addr, req->addrlen);
1225 		if (r < 0) {
1226 			int err = last_error(port->socket);
1227 			if (error_is_eagain(err))
1228 				return;
1229 			log(EVDNS_LOG_WARN, "Error %s (%d) while writing response to port; dropping", strerror(err), err);
1230 		}
1231 		if (server_request_free(req)) {
1232 			/* we released the last reference to req->port. */
1233 			return;
1234 		}
1235 	}
1236 
1237 	/* We have no more pending requests; stop listening for 'writeable' events. */
1238 	(void) event_del(&port->event);
1239 	event_set(&port->event, port->socket, EV_READ | EV_PERSIST,
1240 			  server_port_ready_callback, port);
1241 	if (event_add(&port->event, NULL) < 0) {
1242 		log(EVDNS_LOG_WARN, "Error from libevent when adding event for DNS server.");
1243 		/* ???? Do more? */
1244 	}
1245 }
1246 
1247 /* set if we are waiting for the ability to write to this server. */
1248 /* if waiting is true then we ask libevent for EV_WRITE events, otherwise */
1249 /* we stop these events. */
1250 static void
nameserver_write_waiting(struct nameserver * ns,char waiting)1251 nameserver_write_waiting(struct nameserver *ns, char waiting) {
1252 	if (ns->write_waiting == waiting) return;
1253 
1254 	ns->write_waiting = waiting;
1255 	(void) event_del(&ns->event);
1256 	event_set(&ns->event, ns->socket, EV_READ | (waiting ? EV_WRITE : 0) | EV_PERSIST,
1257 			nameserver_ready_callback, ns);
1258 	if (event_add(&ns->event, NULL) < 0) {
1259           log(EVDNS_LOG_WARN, "Error from libevent when adding event for %s",
1260               debug_ntoa(ns->address));
1261           /* ???? Do more? */
1262         }
1263 }
1264 
1265 /* a callback function. Called by libevent when the kernel says that */
1266 /* a nameserver socket is ready for writing or reading */
1267 static void
nameserver_ready_callback(int fd,short events,void * arg)1268 nameserver_ready_callback(int fd, short events, void *arg) {
1269 	struct nameserver *ns = (struct nameserver *) arg;
1270         (void)fd;
1271 
1272 	if (events & EV_WRITE) {
1273 		ns->choked = 0;
1274 		if (!evdns_transmit()) {
1275 			nameserver_write_waiting(ns, 0);
1276 		}
1277 	}
1278 	if (events & EV_READ) {
1279 		nameserver_read(ns);
1280 	}
1281 }
1282 
1283 /* a callback function. Called by libevent when the kernel says that */
1284 /* a server socket is ready for writing or reading. */
1285 static void
server_port_ready_callback(int fd,short events,void * arg)1286 server_port_ready_callback(int fd, short events, void *arg) {
1287 	struct evdns_server_port *port = (struct evdns_server_port *) arg;
1288 	(void) fd;
1289 
1290 	if (events & EV_WRITE) {
1291 		port->choked = 0;
1292 		server_port_flush(port);
1293 	}
1294 	if (events & EV_READ) {
1295 		server_port_read(port);
1296 	}
1297 }
1298 
1299 /* This is an inefficient representation; only use it via the dnslabel_table_*
1300  * functions, so that is can be safely replaced with something smarter later. */
1301 #define MAX_LABELS 128
1302 /* Structures used to implement name compression */
1303 struct dnslabel_entry { char *v; off_t pos; };
1304 struct dnslabel_table {
1305 	int n_labels; /* number of current entries */
1306 	/* map from name to position in message */
1307 	struct dnslabel_entry labels[MAX_LABELS];
1308 };
1309 
1310 /* Initialize dnslabel_table. */
1311 static void
dnslabel_table_init(struct dnslabel_table * table)1312 dnslabel_table_init(struct dnslabel_table *table)
1313 {
1314 	table->n_labels = 0;
1315 }
1316 
1317 /* Free all storage held by table, but not the table itself. */
1318 static void
dnslabel_clear(struct dnslabel_table * table)1319 dnslabel_clear(struct dnslabel_table *table)
1320 {
1321 	int i;
1322 	for (i = 0; i < table->n_labels; ++i)
1323 		free(table->labels[i].v);
1324 	table->n_labels = 0;
1325 }
1326 
1327 /* return the position of the label in the current message, or -1 if the label */
1328 /* hasn't been used yet. */
1329 static int
dnslabel_table_get_pos(const struct dnslabel_table * table,const char * label)1330 dnslabel_table_get_pos(const struct dnslabel_table *table, const char *label)
1331 {
1332 	int i;
1333 	for (i = 0; i < table->n_labels; ++i) {
1334 		if (!strcmp(label, table->labels[i].v))
1335 			return table->labels[i].pos;
1336 	}
1337 	return -1;
1338 }
1339 
1340 /* remember that we've used the label at position pos */
1341 static int
dnslabel_table_add(struct dnslabel_table * table,const char * label,off_t pos)1342 dnslabel_table_add(struct dnslabel_table *table, const char *label, off_t pos)
1343 {
1344 	char *v;
1345 	int p;
1346 	if (table->n_labels == MAX_LABELS)
1347 		return (-1);
1348 	v = strdup(label);
1349 	if (v == NULL)
1350 		return (-1);
1351 	p = table->n_labels++;
1352 	table->labels[p].v = v;
1353 	table->labels[p].pos = pos;
1354 
1355 	return (0);
1356 }
1357 
1358 /* Converts a string to a length-prefixed set of DNS labels, starting */
1359 /* at buf[j]. name and buf must not overlap. name_len should be the length */
1360 /* of name.	 table is optional, and is used for compression. */
1361 /* */
1362 /* Input: abc.def */
1363 /* Output: <3>abc<3>def<0> */
1364 /* */
1365 /* Returns the first index after the encoded name, or negative on error. */
1366 /*	 -1	 label was > 63 bytes */
1367 /*	 -2	 name too long to fit in buffer. */
1368 /* */
1369 static off_t
dnsname_to_labels(u8 * const buf,size_t buf_len,off_t j,const char * name,const int name_len,struct dnslabel_table * table)1370 dnsname_to_labels(u8 *const buf, size_t buf_len, off_t j,
1371 				  const char *name, const int name_len,
1372 				  struct dnslabel_table *table) {
1373 	const char *end = name + name_len;
1374 	int ref = 0;
1375 	u16 _t;
1376 
1377 #define APPEND16(x) do {						   \
1378 		if (j + 2 > (off_t)buf_len)				   \
1379 			goto overflow;						   \
1380 		_t = htons(x);							   \
1381 		memcpy(buf + j, &_t, 2);				   \
1382 		j += 2;									   \
1383 	} while (0)
1384 #define APPEND32(x) do {						   \
1385 		if (j + 4 > (off_t)buf_len)				   \
1386 			goto overflow;						   \
1387 		_t32 = htonl(x);						   \
1388 		memcpy(buf + j, &_t32, 4);				   \
1389 		j += 4;									   \
1390 	} while (0)
1391 
1392 	if (name_len > 255) return -2;
1393 
1394 	for (;;) {
1395 		const char *const start = name;
1396 		if (table && (ref = dnslabel_table_get_pos(table, name)) >= 0) {
1397 			APPEND16(ref | 0xc000);
1398 			return j;
1399 		}
1400 		name = strchr(name, '.');
1401 		if (!name) {
1402 			const unsigned int label_len = end - start;
1403 			if (label_len > 63) return -1;
1404 			if ((size_t)(j+label_len+1) > buf_len) return -2;
1405 			if (table) dnslabel_table_add(table, start, j);
1406 			buf[j++] = label_len;
1407 
1408 			memcpy(buf + j, start, end - start);
1409 			j += end - start;
1410 			break;
1411 		} else {
1412 			/* append length of the label. */
1413 			const unsigned int label_len = name - start;
1414 			if (label_len > 63) return -1;
1415 			if ((size_t)(j+label_len+1) > buf_len) return -2;
1416 			if (table) dnslabel_table_add(table, start, j);
1417 			buf[j++] = label_len;
1418 
1419 			memcpy(buf + j, start, name - start);
1420 			j += name - start;
1421 			/* hop over the '.' */
1422 			name++;
1423 		}
1424 	}
1425 
1426 	/* the labels must be terminated by a 0. */
1427 	/* It's possible that the name ended in a . */
1428 	/* in which case the zero is already there */
1429 	if (!j || buf[j-1]) buf[j++] = 0;
1430 	return j;
1431  overflow:
1432 	return (-2);
1433 }
1434 
1435 /* Finds the length of a dns request for a DNS name of the given */
1436 /* length. The actual request may be smaller than the value returned */
1437 /* here */
1438 static int
evdns_request_len(const int name_len)1439 evdns_request_len(const int name_len) {
1440 	return 96 + /* length of the DNS standard header */
1441 		name_len + 2 +
1442 		4;  /* space for the resource type */
1443 }
1444 
1445 /* build a dns request packet into buf. buf should be at least as long */
1446 /* as evdns_request_len told you it should be. */
1447 /* */
1448 /* Returns the amount of space used. Negative on error. */
1449 static int
evdns_request_data_build(const char * const name,const int name_len,const u16 trans_id,const u16 type,const u16 class,u8 * const buf,size_t buf_len)1450 evdns_request_data_build(const char *const name, const int name_len,
1451     const u16 trans_id, const u16 type, const u16 class,
1452     u8 *const buf, size_t buf_len) {
1453 	off_t j = 0;  /* current offset into buf */
1454 	u16 _t;  /* used by the macros */
1455 
1456 	APPEND16(trans_id);
1457 	APPEND16(0x0100);  /* standard query, recusion needed */
1458 	APPEND16(1);  /* one question */
1459 	APPEND16(0);  /* no answers */
1460 	APPEND16(0);  /* no authority */
1461 	APPEND16(0);  /* no additional */
1462 
1463 	j = dnsname_to_labels(buf, buf_len, j, name, name_len, NULL);
1464 	if (j < 0) {
1465 		return (int)j;
1466 	}
1467 
1468 	APPEND16(type);
1469 	APPEND16(class);
1470 
1471 	return (int)j;
1472  overflow:
1473 	return (-1);
1474 }
1475 
1476 /* exported function */
1477 struct evdns_server_port *
evdns_add_server_port(int socket,int is_tcp,evdns_request_callback_fn_type cb,void * user_data)1478 evdns_add_server_port(int socket, int is_tcp, evdns_request_callback_fn_type cb, void *user_data)
1479 {
1480 	struct evdns_server_port *port;
1481 	if (!(port = malloc(sizeof(struct evdns_server_port))))
1482 		return NULL;
1483 	memset(port, 0, sizeof(struct evdns_server_port));
1484 
1485 	assert(!is_tcp); /* TCP sockets not yet implemented */
1486 	port->socket = socket;
1487 	port->refcnt = 1;
1488 	port->choked = 0;
1489 	port->closing = 0;
1490 	port->user_callback = cb;
1491 	port->user_data = user_data;
1492 	port->pending_replies = NULL;
1493 
1494 	event_set(&port->event, port->socket, EV_READ | EV_PERSIST,
1495 			  server_port_ready_callback, port);
1496 	event_add(&port->event, NULL); /* check return. */
1497 	return port;
1498 }
1499 
1500 /* exported function */
1501 void
evdns_close_server_port(struct evdns_server_port * port)1502 evdns_close_server_port(struct evdns_server_port *port)
1503 {
1504 	if (--port->refcnt == 0)
1505 		server_port_free(port);
1506 	port->closing = 1;
1507 }
1508 
1509 /* exported function */
1510 int
evdns_server_request_add_reply(struct evdns_server_request * _req,int section,const char * name,int type,int class,int ttl,int datalen,int is_name,const char * data)1511 evdns_server_request_add_reply(struct evdns_server_request *_req, int section, const char *name, int type, int class, int ttl, int datalen, int is_name, const char *data)
1512 {
1513 	struct server_request *req = TO_SERVER_REQUEST(_req);
1514 	struct server_reply_item **itemp, *item;
1515 	int *countp;
1516 
1517 	if (req->response) /* have we already answered? */
1518 		return (-1);
1519 
1520 	switch (section) {
1521 	case EVDNS_ANSWER_SECTION:
1522 		itemp = &req->answer;
1523 		countp = &req->n_answer;
1524 		break;
1525 	case EVDNS_AUTHORITY_SECTION:
1526 		itemp = &req->authority;
1527 		countp = &req->n_authority;
1528 		break;
1529 	case EVDNS_ADDITIONAL_SECTION:
1530 		itemp = &req->additional;
1531 		countp = &req->n_additional;
1532 		break;
1533 	default:
1534 		return (-1);
1535 	}
1536 	while (*itemp) {
1537 		itemp = &((*itemp)->next);
1538 	}
1539 	item = malloc(sizeof(struct server_reply_item));
1540 	if (!item)
1541 		return -1;
1542 	item->next = NULL;
1543 	if (!(item->name = strdup(name))) {
1544 		free(item);
1545 		return -1;
1546 	}
1547 	item->type = type;
1548 	item->dns_question_class = class;
1549 	item->ttl = ttl;
1550 	item->is_name = is_name != 0;
1551 	item->datalen = 0;
1552 	item->data = NULL;
1553 	if (data) {
1554 		if (item->is_name) {
1555 			if (!(item->data = strdup(data))) {
1556 				free(item->name);
1557 				free(item);
1558 				return -1;
1559 			}
1560 			item->datalen = (u16)-1;
1561 		} else {
1562 			if (!(item->data = malloc(datalen))) {
1563 				free(item->name);
1564 				free(item);
1565 				return -1;
1566 			}
1567 			item->datalen = datalen;
1568 			memcpy(item->data, data, datalen);
1569 		}
1570 	}
1571 
1572 	*itemp = item;
1573 	++(*countp);
1574 	return 0;
1575 }
1576 
1577 /* exported function */
1578 int
evdns_server_request_add_a_reply(struct evdns_server_request * req,const char * name,int n,void * addrs,int ttl)1579 evdns_server_request_add_a_reply(struct evdns_server_request *req, const char *name, int n, void *addrs, int ttl)
1580 {
1581 	return evdns_server_request_add_reply(
1582 		  req, EVDNS_ANSWER_SECTION, name, TYPE_A, CLASS_INET,
1583 		  ttl, n*4, 0, addrs);
1584 }
1585 
1586 /* exported function */
1587 int
evdns_server_request_add_aaaa_reply(struct evdns_server_request * req,const char * name,int n,void * addrs,int ttl)1588 evdns_server_request_add_aaaa_reply(struct evdns_server_request *req, const char *name, int n, void *addrs, int ttl)
1589 {
1590 	return evdns_server_request_add_reply(
1591 		  req, EVDNS_ANSWER_SECTION, name, TYPE_AAAA, CLASS_INET,
1592 		  ttl, n*16, 0, addrs);
1593 }
1594 
1595 /* exported function */
1596 int
evdns_server_request_add_ptr_reply(struct evdns_server_request * req,struct in_addr * in,const char * inaddr_name,const char * hostname,int ttl)1597 evdns_server_request_add_ptr_reply(struct evdns_server_request *req, struct in_addr *in, const char *inaddr_name, const char *hostname, int ttl)
1598 {
1599 	u32 a;
1600 	char buf[32];
1601 	assert(in || inaddr_name);
1602 	assert(!(in && inaddr_name));
1603 	if (in) {
1604 		a = ntohl(in->s_addr);
1605 		evutil_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d.%d.%d.%d.in-addr.arpa",
1606 				(int)(u8)((a	)&0xff),
1607 				(int)(u8)((a>>8 )&0xff),
1608 				(int)(u8)((a>>16)&0xff),
1609 				(int)(u8)((a>>24)&0xff));
1610 		inaddr_name = buf;
1611 	}
1612 	return evdns_server_request_add_reply(
1613 		  req, EVDNS_ANSWER_SECTION, inaddr_name, TYPE_PTR, CLASS_INET,
1614 		  ttl, -1, 1, hostname);
1615 }
1616 
1617 /* exported function */
1618 int
evdns_server_request_add_cname_reply(struct evdns_server_request * req,const char * name,const char * cname,int ttl)1619 evdns_server_request_add_cname_reply(struct evdns_server_request *req, const char *name, const char *cname, int ttl)
1620 {
1621 	return evdns_server_request_add_reply(
1622 		  req, EVDNS_ANSWER_SECTION, name, TYPE_CNAME, CLASS_INET,
1623 		  ttl, -1, 1, cname);
1624 }
1625 
1626 
1627 static int
evdns_server_request_format_response(struct server_request * req,int err)1628 evdns_server_request_format_response(struct server_request *req, int err)
1629 {
1630 	unsigned char buf[1500];
1631 	size_t buf_len = sizeof(buf);
1632 	off_t j = 0, r;
1633 	u16 _t;
1634 	u32 _t32;
1635 	int i;
1636 	u16 flags;
1637 	struct dnslabel_table table;
1638 
1639 	if (err < 0 || err > 15) return -1;
1640 
1641 	/* Set response bit and error code; copy OPCODE and RD fields from
1642 	 * question; copy RA and AA if set by caller. */
1643 	flags = req->base.flags;
1644 	flags |= (0x8000 | err);
1645 
1646 	dnslabel_table_init(&table);
1647 	APPEND16(req->trans_id);
1648 	APPEND16(flags);
1649 	APPEND16(req->base.nquestions);
1650 	APPEND16(req->n_answer);
1651 	APPEND16(req->n_authority);
1652 	APPEND16(req->n_additional);
1653 
1654 	/* Add questions. */
1655 	for (i=0; i < req->base.nquestions; ++i) {
1656 		const char *s = req->base.questions[i]->name;
1657 		j = dnsname_to_labels(buf, buf_len, j, s, strlen(s), &table);
1658 		if (j < 0) {
1659 			dnslabel_clear(&table);
1660 			return (int) j;
1661 		}
1662 		APPEND16(req->base.questions[i]->type);
1663 		APPEND16(req->base.questions[i]->dns_question_class);
1664 	}
1665 
1666 	/* Add answer, authority, and additional sections. */
1667 	for (i=0; i<3; ++i) {
1668 		struct server_reply_item *item;
1669 		if (i==0)
1670 			item = req->answer;
1671 		else if (i==1)
1672 			item = req->authority;
1673 		else
1674 			item = req->additional;
1675 		while (item) {
1676 			r = dnsname_to_labels(buf, buf_len, j, item->name, strlen(item->name), &table);
1677 			if (r < 0)
1678 				goto overflow;
1679 			j = r;
1680 
1681 			APPEND16(item->type);
1682 			APPEND16(item->dns_question_class);
1683 			APPEND32(item->ttl);
1684 			if (item->is_name) {
1685 				off_t len_idx = j, name_start;
1686 				j += 2;
1687 				name_start = j;
1688 				r = dnsname_to_labels(buf, buf_len, j, item->data, strlen(item->data), &table);
1689 				if (r < 0)
1690 					goto overflow;
1691 				j = r;
1692 				_t = htons( (short) (j-name_start) );
1693 				memcpy(buf+len_idx, &_t, 2);
1694 			} else {
1695 				APPEND16(item->datalen);
1696 				if (j+item->datalen > (off_t)buf_len)
1697 					goto overflow;
1698 				memcpy(buf+j, item->data, item->datalen);
1699 				j += item->datalen;
1700 			}
1701 			item = item->next;
1702 		}
1703 	}
1704 
1705 	if (j > 512) {
1706 overflow:
1707 		j = 512;
1708 		buf[2] |= 0x02; /* set the truncated bit. */
1709 	}
1710 
1711 	req->response_len = j;
1712 
1713 	if (!(req->response = malloc(req->response_len))) {
1714 		server_request_free_answers(req);
1715 		dnslabel_clear(&table);
1716 		return (-1);
1717 	}
1718 	memcpy(req->response, buf, req->response_len);
1719 	server_request_free_answers(req);
1720 	dnslabel_clear(&table);
1721 	return (0);
1722 }
1723 
1724 /* exported function */
1725 int
evdns_server_request_respond(struct evdns_server_request * _req,int err)1726 evdns_server_request_respond(struct evdns_server_request *_req, int err)
1727 {
1728 	struct server_request *req = TO_SERVER_REQUEST(_req);
1729 	struct evdns_server_port *port = req->port;
1730 	int r;
1731 	if (!req->response) {
1732 		if ((r = evdns_server_request_format_response(req, err))<0)
1733 			return r;
1734 	}
1735 
1736 	r = sendto(port->socket, req->response, req->response_len, 0,
1737 			   (struct sockaddr*) &req->addr, req->addrlen);
1738 	if (r<0) {
1739 		int sock_err = last_error(port->socket);
1740 		if (! error_is_eagain(sock_err))
1741 			return -1;
1742 
1743 		if (port->pending_replies) {
1744 			req->prev_pending = port->pending_replies->prev_pending;
1745 			req->next_pending = port->pending_replies;
1746 			req->prev_pending->next_pending =
1747 				req->next_pending->prev_pending = req;
1748 		} else {
1749 			req->prev_pending = req->next_pending = req;
1750 			port->pending_replies = req;
1751 			port->choked = 1;
1752 
1753 			(void) event_del(&port->event);
1754 			event_set(&port->event, port->socket, (port->closing?0:EV_READ) | EV_WRITE | EV_PERSIST, server_port_ready_callback, port);
1755 
1756 			if (event_add(&port->event, NULL) < 0) {
1757 				log(EVDNS_LOG_WARN, "Error from libevent when adding event for DNS server");
1758 			}
1759 
1760 		}
1761 
1762 		return 1;
1763 	}
1764 	if (server_request_free(req))
1765 		return 0;
1766 
1767 	if (port->pending_replies)
1768 		server_port_flush(port);
1769 
1770 	return 0;
1771 }
1772 
1773 /* Free all storage held by RRs in req. */
1774 static void
server_request_free_answers(struct server_request * req)1775 server_request_free_answers(struct server_request *req)
1776 {
1777 	struct server_reply_item *victim, *next, **list;
1778 	int i;
1779 	for (i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {
1780 		if (i==0)
1781 			list = &req->answer;
1782 		else if (i==1)
1783 			list = &req->authority;
1784 		else
1785 			list = &req->additional;
1786 
1787 		victim = *list;
1788 		while (victim) {
1789 			next = victim->next;
1790 			free(victim->name);
1791 			if (victim->data)
1792 				free(victim->data);
1793 			free(victim);
1794 			victim = next;
1795 		}
1796 		*list = NULL;
1797 	}
1798 }
1799 
1800 /* Free all storage held by req, and remove links to it. */
1801 /* return true iff we just wound up freeing the server_port. */
1802 static int
server_request_free(struct server_request * req)1803 server_request_free(struct server_request *req)
1804 {
1805 	int i, rc=1;
1806 	if (req->base.questions) {
1807 		for (i = 0; i < req->base.nquestions; ++i)
1808 			free(req->base.questions[i]);
1809 		free(req->base.questions);
1810 	}
1811 
1812 	if (req->port) {
1813 		if (req->port->pending_replies == req) {
1814 			if (req->next_pending)
1815 				req->port->pending_replies = req->next_pending;
1816 			else
1817 				req->port->pending_replies = NULL;
1818 		}
1819 		rc = --req->port->refcnt;
1820 	}
1821 
1822 	if (req->response) {
1823 		free(req->response);
1824 	}
1825 
1826 	server_request_free_answers(req);
1827 
1828 	if (req->next_pending && req->next_pending != req) {
1829 		req->next_pending->prev_pending = req->prev_pending;
1830 		req->prev_pending->next_pending = req->next_pending;
1831 	}
1832 
1833 	if (rc == 0) {
1834 		server_port_free(req->port);
1835 		free(req);
1836 		return (1);
1837 	}
1838 	free(req);
1839 	return (0);
1840 }
1841 
1842 /* Free all storage held by an evdns_server_port.  Only called when  */
1843 static void
server_port_free(struct evdns_server_port * port)1844 server_port_free(struct evdns_server_port *port)
1845 {
1846 	assert(port);
1847 	assert(!port->refcnt);
1848 	assert(!port->pending_replies);
1849 	if (port->socket > 0) {
1850 		CLOSE_SOCKET(port->socket);
1851 		port->socket = -1;
1852 	}
1853 	(void) event_del(&port->event);
1854 	/* XXXX actually free the port? -NM */
1855 }
1856 
1857 /* exported function */
1858 int
evdns_server_request_drop(struct evdns_server_request * _req)1859 evdns_server_request_drop(struct evdns_server_request *_req)
1860 {
1861 	struct server_request *req = TO_SERVER_REQUEST(_req);
1862 	server_request_free(req);
1863 	return 0;
1864 }
1865 
1866 /* exported function */
1867 int
evdns_server_request_get_requesting_addr(struct evdns_server_request * _req,struct sockaddr * sa,int addr_len)1868 evdns_server_request_get_requesting_addr(struct evdns_server_request *_req, struct sockaddr *sa, int addr_len)
1869 {
1870 	struct server_request *req = TO_SERVER_REQUEST(_req);
1871 	if (addr_len < (int)req->addrlen)
1872 		return -1;
1873 	memcpy(sa, &(req->addr), req->addrlen);
1874 	return req->addrlen;
1875 }
1876 
1877 #undef APPEND16
1878 #undef APPEND32
1879 
1880 /* this is a libevent callback function which is called when a request */
1881 /* has timed out. */
1882 static void
evdns_request_timeout_callback(int fd,short events,void * arg)1883 evdns_request_timeout_callback(int fd, short events, void *arg) {
1884 	struct request *const req = (struct request *) arg;
1885         (void) fd;
1886         (void) events;
1887 
1888 	log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG, "Request %lx timed out", (unsigned long) arg);
1889 
1890 	req->ns->timedout++;
1891 	if (req->ns->timedout > global_max_nameserver_timeout) {
1892 		req->ns->timedout = 0;
1893 		nameserver_failed(req->ns, "request timed out.");
1894 	}
1895 
1896 	(void) evtimer_del(&req->timeout_event);
1897 	if (req->tx_count >= global_max_retransmits) {
1898 		/* this request has failed */
1899 		reply_callback(req, 0, DNS_ERR_TIMEOUT, NULL);
1900 		request_finished(req, &req_head);
1901 	} else {
1902 		/* retransmit it */
1903 		evdns_request_transmit(req);
1904 	}
1905 }
1906 
1907 /* try to send a request to a given server. */
1908 /* */
1909 /* return: */
1910 /*   0 ok */
1911 /*   1 temporary failure */
1912 /*   2 other failure */
1913 static int
evdns_request_transmit_to(struct request * req,struct nameserver * server)1914 evdns_request_transmit_to(struct request *req, struct nameserver *server) {
1915 	struct sockaddr_in sin;
1916 	int r;
1917 	memset(&sin, 0, sizeof(sin));
1918 	sin.sin_addr.s_addr = req->ns->address;
1919 	sin.sin_port = req->ns->port;
1920 	sin.sin_family = AF_INET;
1921 
1922 	r = sendto(server->socket, req->request, req->request_len, 0,
1923 	    (struct sockaddr*)&sin, sizeof(sin));
1924 	if (r < 0) {
1925 		int err = last_error(server->socket);
1926 		if (error_is_eagain(err)) return 1;
1927 		nameserver_failed(req->ns, strerror(err));
1928 		return 2;
1929 	} else if (r != (int)req->request_len) {
1930 		return 1;  /* short write */
1931 	} else {
1932 		return 0;
1933 	}
1934 }
1935 
1936 /* try to send a request, updating the fields of the request */
1937 /* as needed */
1938 /* */
1939 /* return: */
1940 /*   0 ok */
1941 /*   1 failed */
1942 static int
evdns_request_transmit(struct request * req)1943 evdns_request_transmit(struct request *req) {
1944 	int retcode = 0, r;
1945 
1946 	/* if we fail to send this packet then this flag marks it */
1947 	/* for evdns_transmit */
1948 	req->transmit_me = 1;
1949 	if (req->trans_id == 0xffff) abort();
1950 
1951 	if (req->ns->choked) {
1952 		/* don't bother trying to write to a socket */
1953 		/* which we have had EAGAIN from */
1954 		return 1;
1955 	}
1956 
1957 	r = evdns_request_transmit_to(req, req->ns);
1958 	switch (r) {
1959 	case 1:
1960 		/* temp failure */
1961 		req->ns->choked = 1;
1962 		nameserver_write_waiting(req->ns, 1);
1963 		return 1;
1964 	case 2:
1965 		/* failed in some other way */
1966 		retcode = 1;
1967 		/* fall through */
1968 	default:
1969 		/* all ok */
1970 		log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG,
1971 		    "Setting timeout for request %lx", (unsigned long) req);
1972 		if (evtimer_add(&req->timeout_event, &global_timeout) < 0) {
1973                   log(EVDNS_LOG_WARN,
1974 		      "Error from libevent when adding timer for request %lx",
1975                       (unsigned long) req);
1976                   /* ???? Do more? */
1977                 }
1978 		req->tx_count++;
1979 		req->transmit_me = 0;
1980 		return retcode;
1981 	}
1982 }
1983 
1984 static void
nameserver_probe_callback(int result,char type,int count,int ttl,void * addresses,void * arg)1985 nameserver_probe_callback(int result, char type, int count, int ttl, void *addresses, void *arg) {
1986 	struct nameserver *const ns = (struct nameserver *) arg;
1987         (void) type;
1988         (void) count;
1989         (void) ttl;
1990         (void) addresses;
1991 
1992 	if (result == DNS_ERR_NONE || result == DNS_ERR_NOTEXIST) {
1993 		/* this is a good reply */
1994 		nameserver_up(ns);
1995 	} else nameserver_probe_failed(ns);
1996 }
1997 
1998 static void
nameserver_send_probe(struct nameserver * const ns)1999 nameserver_send_probe(struct nameserver *const ns) {
2000 	struct request *req;
2001 	/* here we need to send a probe to a given nameserver */
2002 	/* in the hope that it is up now. */
2003 
2004   	log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG, "Sending probe to %s", debug_ntoa(ns->address));
2005 
2006 	req = request_new(TYPE_A, "www.google.com", DNS_QUERY_NO_SEARCH, nameserver_probe_callback, ns);
2007         if (!req) return;
2008 	/* we force this into the inflight queue no matter what */
2009 	request_trans_id_set(req, transaction_id_pick());
2010 	req->ns = ns;
2011 	request_submit(req);
2012 }
2013 
2014 /* returns: */
2015 /*   0 didn't try to transmit anything */
2016 /*   1 tried to transmit something */
2017 static int
evdns_transmit(void)2018 evdns_transmit(void) {
2019 	char did_try_to_transmit = 0;
2020 
2021 	if (req_head) {
2022 		struct request *const started_at = req_head, *req = req_head;
2023 		/* first transmit all the requests which are currently waiting */
2024 		do {
2025 			if (req->transmit_me) {
2026 				did_try_to_transmit = 1;
2027 				evdns_request_transmit(req);
2028 			}
2029 
2030 			req = req->next;
2031 		} while (req != started_at);
2032 	}
2033 
2034 	return did_try_to_transmit;
2035 }
2036 
2037 /* exported function */
2038 int
evdns_count_nameservers(void)2039 evdns_count_nameservers(void)
2040 {
2041 	const struct nameserver *server = server_head;
2042 	int n = 0;
2043 	if (!server)
2044 		return 0;
2045 	do {
2046 		++n;
2047 		server = server->next;
2048 	} while (server != server_head);
2049 	return n;
2050 }
2051 
2052 /* exported function */
2053 int
evdns_clear_nameservers_and_suspend(void)2054 evdns_clear_nameservers_and_suspend(void)
2055 {
2056 	struct nameserver *server = server_head, *started_at = server_head;
2057 	struct request *req = req_head, *req_started_at = req_head;
2058 
2059 	if (!server)
2060 		return 0;
2061 	while (1) {
2062 		struct nameserver *next = server->next;
2063 		(void) event_del(&server->event);
2064 		if (evtimer_initialized(&server->timeout_event))
2065 			(void) evtimer_del(&server->timeout_event);
2066 		if (server->socket >= 0)
2067 			CLOSE_SOCKET(server->socket);
2068 		free(server);
2069 		if (next == started_at)
2070 			break;
2071 		server = next;
2072 	}
2073 	server_head = NULL;
2074 	global_good_nameservers = 0;
2075 
2076 	while (req) {
2077 		struct request *next = req->next;
2078 		req->tx_count = req->reissue_count = 0;
2079 		req->ns = NULL;
2080 		/* ???? What to do about searches? */
2081 		(void) evtimer_del(&req->timeout_event);
2082 		req->trans_id = 0;
2083 		req->transmit_me = 0;
2084 
2085 		global_requests_waiting++;
2086 		evdns_request_insert(req, &req_waiting_head);
2087 		/* We want to insert these suspended elements at the front of
2088 		 * the waiting queue, since they were pending before any of
2089 		 * the waiting entries were added.  This is a circular list,
2090 		 * so we can just shift the start back by one.*/
2091 		req_waiting_head = req_waiting_head->prev;
2092 
2093 		if (next == req_started_at)
2094 			break;
2095 		req = next;
2096 	}
2097 	req_head = NULL;
2098 	global_requests_inflight = 0;
2099 
2100 	return 0;
2101 }
2102 
2103 
2104 /* exported function */
2105 int
evdns_resume(void)2106 evdns_resume(void)
2107 {
2108 	evdns_requests_pump_waiting_queue();
2109 	return 0;
2110 }
2111 
2112 static int
_evdns_nameserver_add_impl(unsigned long int address,int port)2113 _evdns_nameserver_add_impl(unsigned long int address, int port) {
2114 	/* first check to see if we already have this nameserver */
2115 
2116 	const struct nameserver *server = server_head, *const started_at = server_head;
2117 	struct nameserver *ns;
2118 	int err = 0;
2119 	if (server) {
2120 		do {
2121 			if (server->address == address) return 3;
2122 			server = server->next;
2123 		} while (server != started_at);
2124 	}
2125 
2126 	ns = (struct nameserver *) malloc(sizeof(struct nameserver));
2127         if (!ns) return -1;
2128 
2129 	memset(ns, 0, sizeof(struct nameserver));
2130 
2131 	evtimer_set(&ns->timeout_event, nameserver_prod_callback, ns);
2132 
2133 	ns->socket = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
2134 	if (ns->socket < 0) { err = 1; goto out1; }
2135         evutil_make_socket_nonblocking(ns->socket);
2136 
2137 	ns->address = address;
2138 	ns->port = htons(port);
2139 	ns->state = 1;
2140 	event_set(&ns->event, ns->socket, EV_READ | EV_PERSIST, nameserver_ready_callback, ns);
2141 	if (event_add(&ns->event, NULL) < 0) {
2142           err = 2;
2143           goto out2;
2144         }
2145 
2146 	log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG, "Added nameserver %s", debug_ntoa(address));
2147 
2148 	/* insert this nameserver into the list of them */
2149 	if (!server_head) {
2150 		ns->next = ns->prev = ns;
2151 		server_head = ns;
2152 	} else {
2153 		ns->next = server_head->next;
2154 		ns->prev = server_head;
2155 		server_head->next = ns;
2156 		if (server_head->prev == server_head) {
2157 			server_head->prev = ns;
2158 		}
2159 	}
2160 
2161 	global_good_nameservers++;
2162 
2163 	return 0;
2164 
2165 out2:
2166 	CLOSE_SOCKET(ns->socket);
2167 out1:
2168 	free(ns);
2169 	log(EVDNS_LOG_WARN, "Unable to add nameserver %s: error %d", debug_ntoa(address), err);
2170 	return err;
2171 }
2172 
2173 /* exported function */
2174 int
evdns_nameserver_add(unsigned long int address)2175 evdns_nameserver_add(unsigned long int address) {
2176 	return _evdns_nameserver_add_impl(address, 53);
2177 }
2178 
2179 /* exported function */
2180 int
evdns_nameserver_ip_add(const char * ip_as_string)2181 evdns_nameserver_ip_add(const char *ip_as_string) {
2182 	struct in_addr ina;
2183 	int port;
2184 	char buf[20];
2185 	const char *cp;
2186 	cp = strchr(ip_as_string, ':');
2187 	if (! cp) {
2188 		cp = ip_as_string;
2189 		port = 53;
2190 	} else {
2191 		port = strtoint(cp+1);
2192 		if (port < 0 || port > 65535) {
2193 			return 4;
2194 		}
2195 		if ((cp-ip_as_string) >= (int)sizeof(buf)) {
2196 			return 4;
2197 		}
2198 		memcpy(buf, ip_as_string, cp-ip_as_string);
2199 		buf[cp-ip_as_string] = '\0';
2200 		cp = buf;
2201 	}
2202 	if (!inet_aton(cp, &ina)) {
2203 		return 4;
2204 	}
2205 	return _evdns_nameserver_add_impl(ina.s_addr, port);
2206 }
2207 
2208 /* insert into the tail of the queue */
2209 static void
evdns_request_insert(struct request * req,struct request ** head)2210 evdns_request_insert(struct request *req, struct request **head) {
2211 	if (!*head) {
2212 		*head = req;
2213 		req->next = req->prev = req;
2214 		return;
2215 	}
2216 
2217 	req->prev = (*head)->prev;
2218 	req->prev->next = req;
2219 	req->next = *head;
2220 	(*head)->prev = req;
2221 }
2222 
2223 static int
string_num_dots(const char * s)2224 string_num_dots(const char *s) {
2225 	int count = 0;
2226 	while ((s = strchr(s, '.'))) {
2227 		s++;
2228 		count++;
2229 	}
2230 	return count;
2231 }
2232 
2233 static struct request *
request_new(int type,const char * name,int flags,evdns_callback_type callback,void * user_ptr)2234 request_new(int type, const char *name, int flags,
2235     evdns_callback_type callback, void *user_ptr) {
2236 	const char issuing_now =
2237 	    (global_requests_inflight < global_max_requests_inflight) ? 1 : 0;
2238 
2239 	const int name_len = strlen(name);
2240 	const int request_max_len = evdns_request_len(name_len);
2241 	const u16 trans_id = issuing_now ? transaction_id_pick() : 0xffff;
2242 	/* the request data is alloced in a single block with the header */
2243 	struct request *const req =
2244 	    (struct request *) malloc(sizeof(struct request) + request_max_len);
2245 	int rlen;
2246         (void) flags;
2247 
2248         if (!req) return NULL;
2249 	memset(req, 0, sizeof(struct request));
2250 
2251 	evtimer_set(&req->timeout_event, evdns_request_timeout_callback, req);
2252 
2253 	/* request data lives just after the header */
2254 	req->request = ((u8 *) req) + sizeof(struct request);
2255 	/* denotes that the request data shouldn't be free()ed */
2256 	req->request_appended = 1;
2257 	rlen = evdns_request_data_build(name, name_len, trans_id,
2258 	    type, CLASS_INET, req->request, request_max_len);
2259 	if (rlen < 0)
2260 		goto err1;
2261 	req->request_len = rlen;
2262 	req->trans_id = trans_id;
2263 	req->tx_count = 0;
2264 	req->request_type = type;
2265 	req->user_pointer = user_ptr;
2266 	req->user_callback = callback;
2267 	req->ns = issuing_now ? nameserver_pick() : NULL;
2268 	req->next = req->prev = NULL;
2269 
2270 	return req;
2271 err1:
2272 	free(req);
2273 	return NULL;
2274 }
2275 
2276 static void
request_submit(struct request * const req)2277 request_submit(struct request *const req) {
2278 	if (req->ns) {
2279 		/* if it has a nameserver assigned then this is going */
2280 		/* straight into the inflight queue */
2281 		evdns_request_insert(req, &req_head);
2282 		global_requests_inflight++;
2283 		evdns_request_transmit(req);
2284 	} else {
2285 		evdns_request_insert(req, &req_waiting_head);
2286 		global_requests_waiting++;
2287 	}
2288 }
2289 
2290 /* exported function */
evdns_resolve_ipv4(const char * name,int flags,evdns_callback_type callback,void * ptr)2291 int evdns_resolve_ipv4(const char *name, int flags,
2292     evdns_callback_type callback, void *ptr) {
2293 	log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG, "Resolve requested for %s", name);
2294 	if (flags & DNS_QUERY_NO_SEARCH) {
2295 		struct request *const req =
2296 			request_new(TYPE_A, name, flags, callback, ptr);
2297 		if (req == NULL)
2298 			return (1);
2299 		request_submit(req);
2300 		return (0);
2301 	} else {
2302 		return (search_request_new(TYPE_A, name, flags, callback, ptr));
2303 	}
2304 }
2305 
2306 /* exported function */
evdns_resolve_ipv6(const char * name,int flags,evdns_callback_type callback,void * ptr)2307 int evdns_resolve_ipv6(const char *name, int flags,
2308 					   evdns_callback_type callback, void *ptr) {
2309 	log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG, "Resolve requested for %s", name);
2310 	if (flags & DNS_QUERY_NO_SEARCH) {
2311 		struct request *const req =
2312 			request_new(TYPE_AAAA, name, flags, callback, ptr);
2313 		if (req == NULL)
2314 			return (1);
2315 		request_submit(req);
2316 		return (0);
2317 	} else {
2318 		return (search_request_new(TYPE_AAAA, name, flags, callback, ptr));
2319 	}
2320 }
2321 
evdns_resolve_reverse(const struct in_addr * in,int flags,evdns_callback_type callback,void * ptr)2322 int evdns_resolve_reverse(const struct in_addr *in, int flags, evdns_callback_type callback, void *ptr) {
2323 	char buf[32];
2324 	struct request *req;
2325 	u32 a;
2326 	assert(in);
2327 	a = ntohl(in->s_addr);
2328 	evutil_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d.%d.%d.%d.in-addr.arpa",
2329 			(int)(u8)((a	)&0xff),
2330 			(int)(u8)((a>>8 )&0xff),
2331 			(int)(u8)((a>>16)&0xff),
2332 			(int)(u8)((a>>24)&0xff));
2333 	log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG, "Resolve requested for %s (reverse)", buf);
2334 	req = request_new(TYPE_PTR, buf, flags, callback, ptr);
2335 	if (!req) return 1;
2336 	request_submit(req);
2337 	return 0;
2338 }
2339 
evdns_resolve_reverse_ipv6(const struct in6_addr * in,int flags,evdns_callback_type callback,void * ptr)2340 int evdns_resolve_reverse_ipv6(const struct in6_addr *in, int flags, evdns_callback_type callback, void *ptr) {
2341 	/* 32 nybbles, 32 periods, "ip6.arpa", NUL. */
2342 	char buf[73];
2343 	char *cp;
2344 	struct request *req;
2345 	int i;
2346 	assert(in);
2347 	cp = buf;
2348 	for (i=15; i >= 0; --i) {
2349 		u8 byte = in->s6_addr[i];
2350 		*cp++ = "0123456789abcdef"[byte & 0x0f];
2351 		*cp++ = '.';
2352 		*cp++ = "0123456789abcdef"[byte >> 4];
2353 		*cp++ = '.';
2354 	}
2355 	assert(cp + strlen("ip6.arpa") < buf+sizeof(buf));
2356 	memcpy(cp, "ip6.arpa", strlen("ip6.arpa")+1);
2357 	log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG, "Resolve requested for %s (reverse)", buf);
2358 	req = request_new(TYPE_PTR, buf, flags, callback, ptr);
2359 	if (!req) return 1;
2360 	request_submit(req);
2361 	return 0;
2362 }
2363 
2364 /*/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// */
2365 /* Search support */
2366 /* */
2367 /* the libc resolver has support for searching a number of domains */
2368 /* to find a name. If nothing else then it takes the single domain */
2369 /* from the gethostname() call. */
2370 /* */
2371 /* It can also be configured via the domain and search options in a */
2372 /* resolv.conf. */
2373 /* */
2374 /* The ndots option controls how many dots it takes for the resolver */
2375 /* to decide that a name is non-local and so try a raw lookup first. */
2376 
2377 struct search_domain {
2378 	int len;
2379 	struct search_domain *next;
2380 	/* the text string is appended to this structure */
2381 };
2382 
2383 struct search_state {
2384 	int refcount;
2385 	int ndots;
2386 	int num_domains;
2387 	struct search_domain *head;
2388 };
2389 
2390 static struct search_state *global_search_state = NULL;
2391 
2392 static void
search_state_decref(struct search_state * const state)2393 search_state_decref(struct search_state *const state) {
2394 	if (!state) return;
2395 	state->refcount--;
2396 	if (!state->refcount) {
2397 		struct search_domain *next, *dom;
2398 		for (dom = state->head; dom; dom = next) {
2399 			next = dom->next;
2400 			free(dom);
2401 		}
2402 		free(state);
2403 	}
2404 }
2405 
2406 static struct search_state *
search_state_new(void)2407 search_state_new(void) {
2408 	struct search_state *state = (struct search_state *) malloc(sizeof(struct search_state));
2409         if (!state) return NULL;
2410 	memset(state, 0, sizeof(struct search_state));
2411 	state->refcount = 1;
2412 	state->ndots = 1;
2413 
2414 	return state;
2415 }
2416 
2417 static void
search_postfix_clear(void)2418 search_postfix_clear(void) {
2419 	search_state_decref(global_search_state);
2420 
2421 	global_search_state = search_state_new();
2422 }
2423 
2424 /* exported function */
2425 void
evdns_search_clear(void)2426 evdns_search_clear(void) {
2427 	search_postfix_clear();
2428 }
2429 
2430 static void
search_postfix_add(const char * domain)2431 search_postfix_add(const char *domain) {
2432 	int domain_len;
2433 	struct search_domain *sdomain;
2434 	while (domain[0] == '.') domain++;
2435 	domain_len = strlen(domain);
2436 
2437 	if (!global_search_state) global_search_state = search_state_new();
2438         if (!global_search_state) return;
2439 	global_search_state->num_domains++;
2440 
2441 	sdomain = (struct search_domain *) malloc(sizeof(struct search_domain) + domain_len);
2442         if (!sdomain) return;
2443 	memcpy( ((u8 *) sdomain) + sizeof(struct search_domain), domain, domain_len);
2444 	sdomain->next = global_search_state->head;
2445 	sdomain->len = domain_len;
2446 
2447 	global_search_state->head = sdomain;
2448 }
2449 
2450 /* reverse the order of members in the postfix list. This is needed because, */
2451 /* when parsing resolv.conf we push elements in the wrong order */
2452 static void
search_reverse(void)2453 search_reverse(void) {
2454 	struct search_domain *cur, *prev = NULL, *next;
2455 	cur = global_search_state->head;
2456 	while (cur) {
2457 		next = cur->next;
2458 		cur->next = prev;
2459 		prev = cur;
2460 		cur = next;
2461 	}
2462 
2463 	global_search_state->head = prev;
2464 }
2465 
2466 /* exported function */
2467 void
evdns_search_add(const char * domain)2468 evdns_search_add(const char *domain) {
2469 	search_postfix_add(domain);
2470 }
2471 
2472 /* exported function */
2473 void
evdns_search_ndots_set(const int ndots)2474 evdns_search_ndots_set(const int ndots) {
2475 	if (!global_search_state) global_search_state = search_state_new();
2476         if (!global_search_state) return;
2477 	global_search_state->ndots = ndots;
2478 }
2479 
2480 static void
search_set_from_hostname(void)2481 search_set_from_hostname(void) {
2482 	char hostname[HOST_NAME_MAX + 1], *domainname;
2483 
2484 	search_postfix_clear();
2485 	if (gethostname(hostname, sizeof(hostname))) return;
2486 	domainname = strchr(hostname, '.');
2487 	if (!domainname) return;
2488 	search_postfix_add(domainname);
2489 }
2490 
2491 /* warning: returns malloced string */
2492 static char *
search_make_new(const struct search_state * const state,int n,const char * const base_name)2493 search_make_new(const struct search_state *const state, int n, const char *const base_name) {
2494 	const int base_len = strlen(base_name);
2495 	const char need_to_append_dot = base_name[base_len - 1] == '.' ? 0 : 1;
2496 	struct search_domain *dom;
2497 
2498 	for (dom = state->head; dom; dom = dom->next) {
2499 		if (!n--) {
2500 			/* this is the postfix we want */
2501 			/* the actual postfix string is kept at the end of the structure */
2502 			const u8 *const postfix = ((u8 *) dom) + sizeof(struct search_domain);
2503 			const int postfix_len = dom->len;
2504 			char *const newname = (char *) malloc(base_len + need_to_append_dot + postfix_len + 1);
2505                         if (!newname) return NULL;
2506 			memcpy(newname, base_name, base_len);
2507 			if (need_to_append_dot) newname[base_len] = '.';
2508 			memcpy(newname + base_len + need_to_append_dot, postfix, postfix_len);
2509 			newname[base_len + need_to_append_dot + postfix_len] = 0;
2510 			return newname;
2511 		}
2512 	}
2513 
2514 	/* we ran off the end of the list and still didn't find the requested string */
2515 	abort();
2516 	return NULL; /* unreachable; stops warnings in some compilers. */
2517 }
2518 
2519 static int
search_request_new(int type,const char * const name,int flags,evdns_callback_type user_callback,void * user_arg)2520 search_request_new(int type, const char *const name, int flags, evdns_callback_type user_callback, void *user_arg) {
2521 	assert(type == TYPE_A || type == TYPE_AAAA);
2522 	if ( ((flags & DNS_QUERY_NO_SEARCH) == 0) &&
2523 	     global_search_state &&
2524 		 global_search_state->num_domains) {
2525 		/* we have some domains to search */
2526 		struct request *req;
2527 		if (string_num_dots(name) >= global_search_state->ndots) {
2528 			req = request_new(type, name, flags, user_callback, user_arg);
2529 			if (!req) return 1;
2530 			req->search_index = -1;
2531 		} else {
2532 			char *const new_name = search_make_new(global_search_state, 0, name);
2533                         if (!new_name) return 1;
2534 			req = request_new(type, new_name, flags, user_callback, user_arg);
2535 			free(new_name);
2536 			if (!req) return 1;
2537 			req->search_index = 0;
2538 		}
2539 		req->search_origname = strdup(name);
2540 		req->search_state = global_search_state;
2541 		req->search_flags = flags;
2542 		global_search_state->refcount++;
2543 		request_submit(req);
2544 		return 0;
2545 	} else {
2546 		struct request *const req = request_new(type, name, flags, user_callback, user_arg);
2547 		if (!req) return 1;
2548 		request_submit(req);
2549 		return 0;
2550 	}
2551 }
2552 
2553 /* this is called when a request has failed to find a name. We need to check */
2554 /* if it is part of a search and, if so, try the next name in the list */
2555 /* returns: */
2556 /*   0 another request has been submitted */
2557 /*   1 no more requests needed */
2558 static int
search_try_next(struct request * const req)2559 search_try_next(struct request *const req) {
2560 	if (req->search_state) {
2561 		/* it is part of a search */
2562 		char *new_name;
2563 		struct request *newreq;
2564 		req->search_index++;
2565 		if (req->search_index >= req->search_state->num_domains) {
2566 			/* no more postfixes to try, however we may need to try */
2567 			/* this name without a postfix */
2568 			if (string_num_dots(req->search_origname) < req->search_state->ndots) {
2569 				/* yep, we need to try it raw */
2570 				newreq = request_new(req->request_type, req->search_origname, req->search_flags, req->user_callback, req->user_pointer);
2571 				log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG, "Search: trying raw query %s", req->search_origname);
2572 				if (newreq) {
2573 					request_submit(newreq);
2574 					return 0;
2575 				}
2576 			}
2577 			return 1;
2578 		}
2579 
2580 		new_name = search_make_new(req->search_state, req->search_index, req->search_origname);
2581                 if (!new_name) return 1;
2582 		log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG, "Search: now trying %s (%d)", new_name, req->search_index);
2583 		newreq = request_new(req->request_type, new_name, req->search_flags, req->user_callback, req->user_pointer);
2584 		free(new_name);
2585 		if (!newreq) return 1;
2586 		newreq->search_origname = req->search_origname;
2587 		req->search_origname = NULL;
2588 		newreq->search_state = req->search_state;
2589 		newreq->search_flags = req->search_flags;
2590 		newreq->search_index = req->search_index;
2591 		newreq->search_state->refcount++;
2592 		request_submit(newreq);
2593 		return 0;
2594 	}
2595 	return 1;
2596 }
2597 
2598 static void
search_request_finished(struct request * const req)2599 search_request_finished(struct request *const req) {
2600 	if (req->search_state) {
2601 		search_state_decref(req->search_state);
2602 		req->search_state = NULL;
2603 	}
2604 	if (req->search_origname) {
2605 		free(req->search_origname);
2606 		req->search_origname = NULL;
2607 	}
2608 }
2609 
2610 /*/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// */
2611 /* Parsing resolv.conf files */
2612 
2613 static void
evdns_resolv_set_defaults(int flags)2614 evdns_resolv_set_defaults(int flags) {
2615 	/* if the file isn't found then we assume a local resolver */
2616 	if (flags & DNS_OPTION_SEARCH) search_set_from_hostname();
2617 	if (flags & DNS_OPTION_NAMESERVERS) evdns_nameserver_ip_add("127.0.0.1");
2618 }
2619 
2620 #ifndef HAVE_STRTOK_R
2621 static char *
strtok_r(char * s,const char * delim,char ** state)2622 strtok_r(char *s, const char *delim, char **state) {
2623 	return strtok(s, delim);
2624 }
2625 #endif
2626 
2627 /* helper version of atoi which returns -1 on error */
2628 static int
strtoint(const char * const str)2629 strtoint(const char *const str) {
2630 	char *endptr;
2631 	const int r = strtol(str, &endptr, 10);
2632 	if (*endptr) return -1;
2633 	return r;
2634 }
2635 
2636 /* helper version of atoi that returns -1 on error and clips to bounds. */
2637 static int
strtoint_clipped(const char * const str,int min,int max)2638 strtoint_clipped(const char *const str, int min, int max)
2639 {
2640 	int r = strtoint(str);
2641 	if (r == -1)
2642 		return r;
2643 	else if (r<min)
2644 		return min;
2645 	else if (r>max)
2646 		return max;
2647 	else
2648 		return r;
2649 }
2650 
2651 /* exported function */
2652 int
evdns_set_option(const char * option,const char * val,int flags)2653 evdns_set_option(const char *option, const char *val, int flags)
2654 {
2655 	if (!strncmp(option, "ndots:", 6)) {
2656 		const int ndots = strtoint(val);
2657 		if (ndots == -1) return -1;
2658 		if (!(flags & DNS_OPTION_SEARCH)) return 0;
2659 		log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG, "Setting ndots to %d", ndots);
2660 		if (!global_search_state) global_search_state = search_state_new();
2661 		if (!global_search_state) return -1;
2662 		global_search_state->ndots = ndots;
2663 	} else if (!strncmp(option, "timeout:", 8)) {
2664 		const int timeout = strtoint(val);
2665 		if (timeout == -1) return -1;
2666 		if (!(flags & DNS_OPTION_MISC)) return 0;
2667 		log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG, "Setting timeout to %d", timeout);
2668 		global_timeout.tv_sec = timeout;
2669 	} else if (!strncmp(option, "max-timeouts:", 12)) {
2670 		const int maxtimeout = strtoint_clipped(val, 1, 255);
2671 		if (maxtimeout == -1) return -1;
2672 		if (!(flags & DNS_OPTION_MISC)) return 0;
2673 		log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG, "Setting maximum allowed timeouts to %d",
2674 			maxtimeout);
2675 		global_max_nameserver_timeout = maxtimeout;
2676 	} else if (!strncmp(option, "max-inflight:", 13)) {
2677 		const int maxinflight = strtoint_clipped(val, 1, 65000);
2678 		if (maxinflight == -1) return -1;
2679 		if (!(flags & DNS_OPTION_MISC)) return 0;
2680 		log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG, "Setting maximum inflight requests to %d",
2681 			maxinflight);
2682 		global_max_requests_inflight = maxinflight;
2683 	} else if (!strncmp(option, "attempts:", 9)) {
2684 		int retries = strtoint(val);
2685 		if (retries == -1) return -1;
2686 		if (retries > 255) retries = 255;
2687 		if (!(flags & DNS_OPTION_MISC)) return 0;
2688 		log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG, "Setting retries to %d", retries);
2689 		global_max_retransmits = retries;
2690 	}
2691 	return 0;
2692 }
2693 
2694 static void
resolv_conf_parse_line(char * const start,int flags)2695 resolv_conf_parse_line(char *const start, int flags) {
2696 	char *strtok_state;
2697 	static const char *const delims = " \t";
2698 #define NEXT_TOKEN strtok_r(NULL, delims, &strtok_state)
2699 
2700 	char *const first_token = strtok_r(start, delims, &strtok_state);
2701 	if (!first_token) return;
2702 
2703 	if (!strcmp(first_token, "nameserver") && (flags & DNS_OPTION_NAMESERVERS)) {
2704 		const char *const nameserver = NEXT_TOKEN;
2705 		struct in_addr ina;
2706 
2707 		if (inet_aton(nameserver, &ina)) {
2708 			/* address is valid */
2709 			evdns_nameserver_add(ina.s_addr);
2710 		}
2711 	} else if (!strcmp(first_token, "domain") && (flags & DNS_OPTION_SEARCH)) {
2712 		const char *const domain = NEXT_TOKEN;
2713 		if (domain) {
2714 			search_postfix_clear();
2715 			search_postfix_add(domain);
2716 		}
2717 	} else if (!strcmp(first_token, "search") && (flags & DNS_OPTION_SEARCH)) {
2718 		const char *domain;
2719 		search_postfix_clear();
2720 
2721 		while ((domain = NEXT_TOKEN)) {
2722 			search_postfix_add(domain);
2723 		}
2724 		search_reverse();
2725 	} else if (!strcmp(first_token, "options")) {
2726 		const char *option;
2727 		while ((option = NEXT_TOKEN)) {
2728 			const char *val = strchr(option, ':');
2729 			evdns_set_option(option, val ? val+1 : "", flags);
2730 		}
2731 	}
2732 #undef NEXT_TOKEN
2733 }
2734 
2735 /* exported function */
2736 /* returns: */
2737 /*   0 no errors */
2738 /*   1 failed to open file */
2739 /*   2 failed to stat file */
2740 /*   3 file too large */
2741 /*   4 out of memory */
2742 /*   5 short read from file */
2743 int
evdns_resolv_conf_parse(int flags,const char * const filename)2744 evdns_resolv_conf_parse(int flags, const char *const filename) {
2745 	struct stat st;
2746 	int fd, n, r;
2747 	u8 *resolv;
2748 	char *start;
2749 	int err = 0;
2750 
2751 	log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG, "Parsing resolv.conf file %s", filename);
2752 
2753 	fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY);
2754 	if (fd < 0) {
2755 		evdns_resolv_set_defaults(flags);
2756 		return 1;
2757 	}
2758 
2759 	if (fstat(fd, &st)) { err = 2; goto out1; }
2760 	if (!st.st_size) {
2761 		evdns_resolv_set_defaults(flags);
2762 		err = (flags & DNS_OPTION_NAMESERVERS) ? 6 : 0;
2763 		goto out1;
2764 	}
2765 	if (st.st_size > 65535) { err = 3; goto out1; }  /* no resolv.conf should be any bigger */
2766 
2767 	resolv = (u8 *) malloc((size_t)st.st_size + 1);
2768 	if (!resolv) { err = 4; goto out1; }
2769 
2770 	n = 0;
2771 	while ((r = read(fd, resolv+n, (size_t)st.st_size-n)) > 0) {
2772 		n += r;
2773 		if (n == st.st_size)
2774 			break;
2775 		assert(n < st.st_size);
2776  	}
2777 	if (r < 0) { err = 5; goto out2; }
2778 	resolv[n] = 0;	 /* we malloced an extra byte; this should be fine. */
2779 
2780 	start = (char *) resolv;
2781 	for (;;) {
2782 		char *const newline = strchr(start, '\n');
2783 		if (!newline) {
2784 			resolv_conf_parse_line(start, flags);
2785 			break;
2786 		} else {
2787 			*newline = 0;
2788 			resolv_conf_parse_line(start, flags);
2789 			start = newline + 1;
2790 		}
2791 	}
2792 
2793 	if (!server_head && (flags & DNS_OPTION_NAMESERVERS)) {
2794 		/* no nameservers were configured. */
2795 		evdns_nameserver_ip_add("127.0.0.1");
2796 		err = 6;
2797 	}
2798 	if (flags & DNS_OPTION_SEARCH && (!global_search_state || global_search_state->num_domains == 0)) {
2799 		search_set_from_hostname();
2800 	}
2801 
2802 out2:
2803 	free(resolv);
2804 out1:
2805 	close(fd);
2806 	return err;
2807 }
2808 
2809 #ifdef WIN32
2810 /* Add multiple nameservers from a space-or-comma-separated list. */
2811 static int
evdns_nameserver_ip_add_line(const char * ips)2812 evdns_nameserver_ip_add_line(const char *ips) {
2813 	const char *addr;
2814 	char *buf;
2815 	int r;
2816 	while (*ips) {
2817 		while (ISSPACE(*ips) || *ips == ',' || *ips == '\t')
2818 			++ips;
2819 		addr = ips;
2820 		while (ISDIGIT(*ips) || *ips == '.' || *ips == ':')
2821 			++ips;
2822 		buf = malloc(ips-addr+1);
2823 		if (!buf) return 4;
2824 		memcpy(buf, addr, ips-addr);
2825 		buf[ips-addr] = '\0';
2826 		r = evdns_nameserver_ip_add(buf);
2827 		free(buf);
2828 		if (r) return r;
2829 	}
2830 	return 0;
2831 }
2832 
2833 typedef DWORD(WINAPI *GetNetworkParams_fn_t)(FIXED_INFO *, DWORD*);
2834 
2835 /* Use the windows GetNetworkParams interface in iphlpapi.dll to */
2836 /* figure out what our nameservers are. */
2837 static int
load_nameservers_with_getnetworkparams(void)2838 load_nameservers_with_getnetworkparams(void)
2839 {
2840 	/* Based on MSDN examples and inspection of  c-ares code. */
2841 	FIXED_INFO *fixed;
2842 	HMODULE handle = 0;
2843 	ULONG size = sizeof(FIXED_INFO);
2844 	void *buf = NULL;
2845 	int status = 0, r, added_any;
2846 	IP_ADDR_STRING *ns;
2847 	GetNetworkParams_fn_t fn;
2848 
2849 	if (!(handle = LoadLibrary("iphlpapi.dll"))) {
2850 		log(EVDNS_LOG_WARN, "Could not open iphlpapi.dll");
2851 		status = -1;
2852 		goto done;
2853 	}
2854 	if (!(fn = (GetNetworkParams_fn_t) GetProcAddress(handle, "GetNetworkParams"))) {
2855 		log(EVDNS_LOG_WARN, "Could not get address of function.");
2856 		status = -1;
2857 		goto done;
2858 	}
2859 
2860 	buf = malloc(size);
2861 	if (!buf) { status = 4; goto done; }
2862 	fixed = buf;
2863 	r = fn(fixed, &size);
2864 	if (r != ERROR_SUCCESS && r != ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW) {
2865 		status = -1;
2866 		goto done;
2867 	}
2868 	if (r != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
2869 		free(buf);
2870 		buf = malloc(size);
2871 		if (!buf) { status = 4; goto done; }
2872 		fixed = buf;
2873 		r = fn(fixed, &size);
2874 		if (r != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
2875 			log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG, "fn() failed.");
2876 			status = -1;
2877 			goto done;
2878 		}
2879 	}
2880 
2881 	assert(fixed);
2882 	added_any = 0;
2883 	ns = &(fixed->DnsServerList);
2884 	while (ns) {
2885 		r = evdns_nameserver_ip_add_line(ns->IpAddress.String);
2886 		if (r) {
2887 			log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG,"Could not add nameserver %s to list,error: %d",
2888 				(ns->IpAddress.String),(int)GetLastError());
2889 			status = r;
2890 			goto done;
2891 		} else {
2892 			log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG,"Succesfully added %s as nameserver",ns->IpAddress.String);
2893 		}
2894 
2895 		added_any++;
2896 		ns = ns->Next;
2897 	}
2898 
2899 	if (!added_any) {
2900 		log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG, "No nameservers added.");
2901 		status = -1;
2902 	}
2903 
2904  done:
2905 	if (buf)
2906 		free(buf);
2907 	if (handle)
2908 		FreeLibrary(handle);
2909 	return status;
2910 }
2911 
2912 static int
config_nameserver_from_reg_key(HKEY key,const char * subkey)2913 config_nameserver_from_reg_key(HKEY key, const char *subkey)
2914 {
2915 	char *buf;
2916 	DWORD bufsz = 0, type = 0;
2917 	int status = 0;
2918 
2919 	if (RegQueryValueEx(key, subkey, 0, &type, NULL, &bufsz)
2920 	    != ERROR_MORE_DATA)
2921 		return -1;
2922 	if (!(buf = malloc(bufsz)))
2923 		return -1;
2924 
2925 	if (RegQueryValueEx(key, subkey, 0, &type, (LPBYTE)buf, &bufsz)
2926 	    == ERROR_SUCCESS && bufsz > 1) {
2927 		status = evdns_nameserver_ip_add_line(buf);
2928 	}
2929 
2930 	free(buf);
2931 	return status;
2932 }
2933 
2934 #define SERVICES_KEY "System\\CurrentControlSet\\Services\\"
2935 #define WIN_NS_9X_KEY  SERVICES_KEY "VxD\\MSTCP"
2936 #define WIN_NS_NT_KEY  SERVICES_KEY "Tcpip\\Parameters"
2937 
2938 static int
load_nameservers_from_registry(void)2939 load_nameservers_from_registry(void)
2940 {
2941 	int found = 0;
2942 	int r;
2943 #define TRY(k, name) \
2944 	if (!found && config_nameserver_from_reg_key(k,name) == 0) {	\
2945 		log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG,"Found nameservers in %s/%s",#k,name); \
2946 		found = 1;						\
2947 	} else if (!found) {						\
2948 		log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG,"Didn't find nameservers in %s/%s", \
2949 		    #k,#name);						\
2950 	}
2951 
2952 	if (((int)GetVersion()) > 0) { /* NT */
2953 		HKEY nt_key = 0, interfaces_key = 0;
2954 
2955 		if (RegOpenKeyEx(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, WIN_NS_NT_KEY, 0,
2956 				 KEY_READ, &nt_key) != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
2957 			log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG,"Couldn't open nt key, %d",(int)GetLastError());
2958 			return -1;
2959 		}
2960 		r = RegOpenKeyEx(nt_key, "Interfaces", 0,
2961 			     KEY_QUERY_VALUE|KEY_ENUMERATE_SUB_KEYS,
2962 			     &interfaces_key);
2963 		if (r != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
2964 			log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG,"Couldn't open interfaces key, %d",(int)GetLastError());
2965 			return -1;
2966 		}
2967 		TRY(nt_key, "NameServer");
2968 		TRY(nt_key, "DhcpNameServer");
2969 		TRY(interfaces_key, "NameServer");
2970 		TRY(interfaces_key, "DhcpNameServer");
2971 		RegCloseKey(interfaces_key);
2972 		RegCloseKey(nt_key);
2973 	} else {
2974 		HKEY win_key = 0;
2975 		if (RegOpenKeyEx(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, WIN_NS_9X_KEY, 0,
2976 				 KEY_READ, &win_key) != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
2977 			log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG, "Couldn't open registry key, %d", (int)GetLastError());
2978 			return -1;
2979 		}
2980 		TRY(win_key, "NameServer");
2981 		RegCloseKey(win_key);
2982 	}
2983 
2984 	if (found == 0) {
2985 		log(EVDNS_LOG_WARN,"Didn't find any nameservers.");
2986 	}
2987 
2988 	return found ? 0 : -1;
2989 #undef TRY
2990 }
2991 
2992 int
evdns_config_windows_nameservers(void)2993 evdns_config_windows_nameservers(void)
2994 {
2995 	if (load_nameservers_with_getnetworkparams() == 0)
2996 		return 0;
2997 	return load_nameservers_from_registry();
2998 }
2999 #endif
3000 
3001 int
evdns_init(void)3002 evdns_init(void)
3003 {
3004 	int res = 0;
3005 #ifdef WIN32
3006 	res = evdns_config_windows_nameservers();
3007 #else
3008 	res = evdns_resolv_conf_parse(DNS_OPTIONS_ALL, "/etc/resolv.conf");
3009 #endif
3010 
3011 	return (res);
3012 }
3013 
3014 const char *
evdns_err_to_string(int err)3015 evdns_err_to_string(int err)
3016 {
3017     switch (err) {
3018 	case DNS_ERR_NONE: return "no error";
3019 	case DNS_ERR_FORMAT: return "misformatted query";
3020 	case DNS_ERR_SERVERFAILED: return "server failed";
3021 	case DNS_ERR_NOTEXIST: return "name does not exist";
3022 	case DNS_ERR_NOTIMPL: return "query not implemented";
3023 	case DNS_ERR_REFUSED: return "refused";
3024 
3025 	case DNS_ERR_TRUNCATED: return "reply truncated or ill-formed";
3026 	case DNS_ERR_UNKNOWN: return "unknown";
3027 	case DNS_ERR_TIMEOUT: return "request timed out";
3028 	case DNS_ERR_SHUTDOWN: return "dns subsystem shut down";
3029 	default: return "[Unknown error code]";
3030     }
3031 }
3032 
3033 void
evdns_shutdown(int fail_requests)3034 evdns_shutdown(int fail_requests)
3035 {
3036 	struct nameserver *server, *server_next;
3037 	struct search_domain *dom, *dom_next;
3038 
3039 	while (req_head) {
3040 		if (fail_requests)
3041 			reply_callback(req_head, 0, DNS_ERR_SHUTDOWN, NULL);
3042 		request_finished(req_head, &req_head);
3043 	}
3044 	while (req_waiting_head) {
3045 		if (fail_requests)
3046 			reply_callback(req_waiting_head, 0, DNS_ERR_SHUTDOWN, NULL);
3047 		request_finished(req_waiting_head, &req_waiting_head);
3048 	}
3049 	global_requests_inflight = global_requests_waiting = 0;
3050 
3051 	for (server = server_head; server; server = server_next) {
3052 		server_next = server->next;
3053 		if (server->socket >= 0)
3054 			CLOSE_SOCKET(server->socket);
3055 		(void) event_del(&server->event);
3056 		if (server->state == 0)
3057                         (void) event_del(&server->timeout_event);
3058 		free(server);
3059 		if (server_next == server_head)
3060 			break;
3061 	}
3062 	server_head = NULL;
3063 	global_good_nameservers = 0;
3064 
3065 	if (global_search_state) {
3066 		for (dom = global_search_state->head; dom; dom = dom_next) {
3067 			dom_next = dom->next;
3068 			free(dom);
3069 		}
3070 		free(global_search_state);
3071 		global_search_state = NULL;
3072 	}
3073 	evdns_log_fn = NULL;
3074 }
3075 
3076 #ifdef EVDNS_MAIN
3077 void
main_callback(int result,char type,int count,int ttl,void * addrs,void * orig)3078 main_callback(int result, char type, int count, int ttl,
3079 			  void *addrs, void *orig) {
3080 	char *n = (char*)orig;
3081 	int i;
3082 	for (i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
3083 		if (type == DNS_IPv4_A) {
3084 			printf("%s: %s\n", n, debug_ntoa(((u32*)addrs)[i]));
3085 		} else if (type == DNS_PTR) {
3086 			printf("%s: %s\n", n, ((char**)addrs)[i]);
3087 		}
3088 	}
3089 	if (!count) {
3090 		printf("%s: No answer (%d)\n", n, result);
3091 	}
3092 	fflush(stdout);
3093 }
3094 void
evdns_server_callback(struct evdns_server_request * req,void * data)3095 evdns_server_callback(struct evdns_server_request *req, void *data)
3096 {
3097 	int i, r;
3098 	(void)data;
3099 	/* dummy; give 192.168.11.11 as an answer for all A questions,
3100 	 *	give foo.bar.example.com as an answer for all PTR questions. */
3101 	for (i = 0; i < req->nquestions; ++i) {
3102 		u32 ans = htonl(0xc0a80b0bUL);
3103 		if (req->questions[i]->type == EVDNS_TYPE_A &&
3104 			req->questions[i]->dns_question_class == EVDNS_CLASS_INET) {
3105 			printf(" -- replying for %s (A)\n", req->questions[i]->name);
3106 			r = evdns_server_request_add_a_reply(req, req->questions[i]->name,
3107 										  1, &ans, 10);
3108 			if (r<0)
3109 				printf("eeep, didn't work.\n");
3110 		} else if (req->questions[i]->type == EVDNS_TYPE_PTR &&
3111 				   req->questions[i]->dns_question_class == EVDNS_CLASS_INET) {
3112 			printf(" -- replying for %s (PTR)\n", req->questions[i]->name);
3113 			r = evdns_server_request_add_ptr_reply(req, NULL, req->questions[i]->name,
3114 											"foo.bar.example.com", 10);
3115 		} else {
3116 			printf(" -- skipping %s [%d %d]\n", req->questions[i]->name,
3117 				   req->questions[i]->type, req->questions[i]->dns_question_class);
3118 		}
3119 	}
3120 
3121 	r = evdns_request_respond(req, 0);
3122 	if (r<0)
3123 		printf("eeek, couldn't send reply.\n");
3124 }
3125 
3126 void
logfn(int is_warn,const char * msg)3127 logfn(int is_warn, const char *msg) {
3128   (void) is_warn;
3129   fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", msg);
3130 }
3131 int
main(int c,char ** v)3132 main(int c, char **v) {
3133 	int idx;
3134 	int reverse = 0, verbose = 1, servertest = 0;
3135 	if (c<2) {
3136 		fprintf(stderr, "syntax: %s [-x] [-v] hostname\n", v[0]);
3137 		fprintf(stderr, "syntax: %s [-servertest]\n", v[0]);
3138 		return 1;
3139 	}
3140 	idx = 1;
3141 	while (idx < c && v[idx][0] == '-') {
3142 		if (!strcmp(v[idx], "-x"))
3143 			reverse = 1;
3144 		else if (!strcmp(v[idx], "-v"))
3145 			verbose = 1;
3146 		else if (!strcmp(v[idx], "-servertest"))
3147 			servertest = 1;
3148 		else
3149 			fprintf(stderr, "Unknown option %s\n", v[idx]);
3150 		++idx;
3151 	}
3152 	event_init();
3153 	if (verbose)
3154 		evdns_set_log_fn(logfn);
3155 	evdns_resolv_conf_parse(DNS_OPTION_NAMESERVERS, "/etc/resolv.conf");
3156 	if (servertest) {
3157 		int sock;
3158 		struct sockaddr_in my_addr;
3159 		sock = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
3160                 evutil_make_socket_nonblocking(sock);
3161 		my_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
3162 		my_addr.sin_port = htons(10053);
3163 		my_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
3164 		if (bind(sock, (struct sockaddr*)&my_addr, sizeof(my_addr))<0) {
3165 			perror("bind");
3166 			exit(1);
3167 		}
3168 		evdns_add_server_port(sock, 0, evdns_server_callback, NULL);
3169 	}
3170 	for (; idx < c; ++idx) {
3171 		if (reverse) {
3172 			struct in_addr addr;
3173 			if (!inet_aton(v[idx], &addr)) {
3174 				fprintf(stderr, "Skipping non-IP %s\n", v[idx]);
3175 				continue;
3176 			}
3177 			fprintf(stderr, "resolving %s...\n",v[idx]);
3178 			evdns_resolve_reverse(&addr, 0, main_callback, v[idx]);
3179 		} else {
3180 			fprintf(stderr, "resolving (fwd) %s...\n",v[idx]);
3181 			evdns_resolve_ipv4(v[idx], 0, main_callback, v[idx]);
3182 		}
3183 	}
3184 	fflush(stdout);
3185 	event_dispatch();
3186 	return 0;
3187 }
3188 #endif
3189