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1 //===--- TemplateName.h - C++ Template Name Representation-------*- C++ -*-===//
2 //
3 //                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
4 //
5 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
6 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
7 //
8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
9 //
10 //  This file defines the TemplateName interface and subclasses.
11 //
12 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
13 
14 #ifndef LLVM_CLANG_AST_TEMPLATENAME_H
15 #define LLVM_CLANG_AST_TEMPLATENAME_H
16 
17 #include "clang/Basic/LLVM.h"
18 #include "llvm/ADT/FoldingSet.h"
19 #include "llvm/ADT/PointerUnion.h"
20 
21 namespace clang {
22 
23 class ASTContext;
24 class DependentTemplateName;
25 class DiagnosticBuilder;
26 class IdentifierInfo;
27 class NamedDecl;
28 class NestedNameSpecifier;
29 enum OverloadedOperatorKind : int;
30 class OverloadedTemplateStorage;
31 struct PrintingPolicy;
32 class QualifiedTemplateName;
33 class SubstTemplateTemplateParmPackStorage;
34 class SubstTemplateTemplateParmStorage;
35 class TemplateArgument;
36 class TemplateDecl;
37 class TemplateTemplateParmDecl;
38 
39 /// \brief Implementation class used to describe either a set of overloaded
40 /// template names or an already-substituted template template parameter pack.
41 class UncommonTemplateNameStorage {
42 protected:
43   enum Kind {
44     Overloaded,
45     SubstTemplateTemplateParm,
46     SubstTemplateTemplateParmPack
47   };
48 
49   struct BitsTag {
50     /// \brief A Kind.
51     unsigned Kind : 2;
52 
53     /// \brief The number of stored templates or template arguments,
54     /// depending on which subclass we have.
55     unsigned Size : 30;
56   };
57 
58   union {
59     struct BitsTag Bits;
60     void *PointerAlignment;
61   };
62 
UncommonTemplateNameStorage(Kind kind,unsigned size)63   UncommonTemplateNameStorage(Kind kind, unsigned size) {
64     Bits.Kind = kind;
65     Bits.Size = size;
66   }
67 
68 public:
size()69   unsigned size() const { return Bits.Size; }
70 
getAsOverloadedStorage()71   OverloadedTemplateStorage *getAsOverloadedStorage()  {
72     return Bits.Kind == Overloaded
73              ? reinterpret_cast<OverloadedTemplateStorage *>(this)
74              : nullptr;
75   }
76 
getAsSubstTemplateTemplateParm()77   SubstTemplateTemplateParmStorage *getAsSubstTemplateTemplateParm() {
78     return Bits.Kind == SubstTemplateTemplateParm
79              ? reinterpret_cast<SubstTemplateTemplateParmStorage *>(this)
80              : nullptr;
81   }
82 
getAsSubstTemplateTemplateParmPack()83   SubstTemplateTemplateParmPackStorage *getAsSubstTemplateTemplateParmPack() {
84     return Bits.Kind == SubstTemplateTemplateParmPack
85              ? reinterpret_cast<SubstTemplateTemplateParmPackStorage *>(this)
86              : nullptr;
87   }
88 };
89 
90 /// \brief A structure for storing the information associated with an
91 /// overloaded template name.
92 class OverloadedTemplateStorage : public UncommonTemplateNameStorage {
93   friend class ASTContext;
94 
OverloadedTemplateStorage(unsigned size)95   OverloadedTemplateStorage(unsigned size)
96     : UncommonTemplateNameStorage(Overloaded, size) { }
97 
getStorage()98   NamedDecl **getStorage() {
99     return reinterpret_cast<NamedDecl **>(this + 1);
100   }
getStorage()101   NamedDecl * const *getStorage() const {
102     return reinterpret_cast<NamedDecl *const *>(this + 1);
103   }
104 
105 public:
106   typedef NamedDecl *const *iterator;
107 
begin()108   iterator begin() const { return getStorage(); }
end()109   iterator end() const { return getStorage() + size(); }
110 };
111 
112 /// \brief A structure for storing an already-substituted template template
113 /// parameter pack.
114 ///
115 /// This kind of template names occurs when the parameter pack has been
116 /// provided with a template template argument pack in a context where its
117 /// enclosing pack expansion could not be fully expanded.
118 class SubstTemplateTemplateParmPackStorage
119   : public UncommonTemplateNameStorage, public llvm::FoldingSetNode
120 {
121   TemplateTemplateParmDecl *Parameter;
122   const TemplateArgument *Arguments;
123 
124 public:
SubstTemplateTemplateParmPackStorage(TemplateTemplateParmDecl * Parameter,unsigned Size,const TemplateArgument * Arguments)125   SubstTemplateTemplateParmPackStorage(TemplateTemplateParmDecl *Parameter,
126                                        unsigned Size,
127                                        const TemplateArgument *Arguments)
128     : UncommonTemplateNameStorage(SubstTemplateTemplateParmPack, Size),
129       Parameter(Parameter), Arguments(Arguments) { }
130 
131   /// \brief Retrieve the template template parameter pack being substituted.
getParameterPack()132   TemplateTemplateParmDecl *getParameterPack() const {
133     return Parameter;
134   }
135 
136   /// \brief Retrieve the template template argument pack with which this
137   /// parameter was substituted.
138   TemplateArgument getArgumentPack() const;
139 
140   void Profile(llvm::FoldingSetNodeID &ID, ASTContext &Context);
141 
142   static void Profile(llvm::FoldingSetNodeID &ID,
143                       ASTContext &Context,
144                       TemplateTemplateParmDecl *Parameter,
145                       const TemplateArgument &ArgPack);
146 };
147 
148 /// \brief Represents a C++ template name within the type system.
149 ///
150 /// A C++ template name refers to a template within the C++ type
151 /// system. In most cases, a template name is simply a reference to a
152 /// class template, e.g.
153 ///
154 /// \code
155 /// template<typename T> class X { };
156 ///
157 /// X<int> xi;
158 /// \endcode
159 ///
160 /// Here, the 'X' in \c X<int> is a template name that refers to the
161 /// declaration of the class template X, above. Template names can
162 /// also refer to function templates, C++0x template aliases, etc.
163 ///
164 /// Some template names are dependent. For example, consider:
165 ///
166 /// \code
167 /// template<typename MetaFun, typename T1, typename T2> struct apply2 {
168 ///   typedef typename MetaFun::template apply<T1, T2>::type type;
169 /// };
170 /// \endcode
171 ///
172 /// Here, "apply" is treated as a template name within the typename
173 /// specifier in the typedef. "apply" is a nested template, and can
174 /// only be understood in the context of
175 class TemplateName {
176   typedef llvm::PointerUnion4<TemplateDecl *,
177                               UncommonTemplateNameStorage *,
178                               QualifiedTemplateName *,
179                               DependentTemplateName *> StorageType;
180 
181   StorageType Storage;
182 
TemplateName(void * Ptr)183   explicit TemplateName(void *Ptr) {
184     Storage = StorageType::getFromOpaqueValue(Ptr);
185   }
186 
187 public:
188   // \brief Kind of name that is actually stored.
189   enum NameKind {
190     /// \brief A single template declaration.
191     Template,
192     /// \brief A set of overloaded template declarations.
193     OverloadedTemplate,
194     /// \brief A qualified template name, where the qualification is kept
195     /// to describe the source code as written.
196     QualifiedTemplate,
197     /// \brief A dependent template name that has not been resolved to a
198     /// template (or set of templates).
199     DependentTemplate,
200     /// \brief A template template parameter that has been substituted
201     /// for some other template name.
202     SubstTemplateTemplateParm,
203     /// \brief A template template parameter pack that has been substituted for
204     /// a template template argument pack, but has not yet been expanded into
205     /// individual arguments.
206     SubstTemplateTemplateParmPack
207   };
208 
TemplateName()209   TemplateName() : Storage() { }
TemplateName(TemplateDecl * Template)210   explicit TemplateName(TemplateDecl *Template) : Storage(Template) { }
TemplateName(OverloadedTemplateStorage * Storage)211   explicit TemplateName(OverloadedTemplateStorage *Storage)
212     : Storage(Storage) { }
213   explicit TemplateName(SubstTemplateTemplateParmStorage *Storage);
TemplateName(SubstTemplateTemplateParmPackStorage * Storage)214   explicit TemplateName(SubstTemplateTemplateParmPackStorage *Storage)
215     : Storage(Storage) { }
TemplateName(QualifiedTemplateName * Qual)216   explicit TemplateName(QualifiedTemplateName *Qual) : Storage(Qual) { }
TemplateName(DependentTemplateName * Dep)217   explicit TemplateName(DependentTemplateName *Dep) : Storage(Dep) { }
218 
219   /// \brief Determine whether this template name is NULL.
isNull()220   bool isNull() const { return Storage.isNull(); }
221 
222   // \brief Get the kind of name that is actually stored.
223   NameKind getKind() const;
224 
225   /// \brief Retrieve the underlying template declaration that
226   /// this template name refers to, if known.
227   ///
228   /// \returns The template declaration that this template name refers
229   /// to, if any. If the template name does not refer to a specific
230   /// declaration because it is a dependent name, or if it refers to a
231   /// set of function templates, returns NULL.
232   TemplateDecl *getAsTemplateDecl() const;
233 
234   /// \brief Retrieve the underlying, overloaded function template
235   // declarations that this template name refers to, if known.
236   ///
237   /// \returns The set of overloaded function templates that this template
238   /// name refers to, if known. If the template name does not refer to a
239   /// specific set of function templates because it is a dependent name or
240   /// refers to a single template, returns NULL.
getAsOverloadedTemplate()241   OverloadedTemplateStorage *getAsOverloadedTemplate() const {
242     if (UncommonTemplateNameStorage *Uncommon =
243                               Storage.dyn_cast<UncommonTemplateNameStorage *>())
244       return Uncommon->getAsOverloadedStorage();
245 
246     return nullptr;
247   }
248 
249   /// \brief Retrieve the substituted template template parameter, if
250   /// known.
251   ///
252   /// \returns The storage for the substituted template template parameter,
253   /// if known. Otherwise, returns NULL.
getAsSubstTemplateTemplateParm()254   SubstTemplateTemplateParmStorage *getAsSubstTemplateTemplateParm() const {
255     if (UncommonTemplateNameStorage *uncommon =
256           Storage.dyn_cast<UncommonTemplateNameStorage *>())
257       return uncommon->getAsSubstTemplateTemplateParm();
258 
259     return nullptr;
260   }
261 
262   /// \brief Retrieve the substituted template template parameter pack, if
263   /// known.
264   ///
265   /// \returns The storage for the substituted template template parameter pack,
266   /// if known. Otherwise, returns NULL.
267   SubstTemplateTemplateParmPackStorage *
getAsSubstTemplateTemplateParmPack()268   getAsSubstTemplateTemplateParmPack() const {
269     if (UncommonTemplateNameStorage *Uncommon =
270         Storage.dyn_cast<UncommonTemplateNameStorage *>())
271       return Uncommon->getAsSubstTemplateTemplateParmPack();
272 
273     return nullptr;
274   }
275 
276   /// \brief Retrieve the underlying qualified template name
277   /// structure, if any.
getAsQualifiedTemplateName()278   QualifiedTemplateName *getAsQualifiedTemplateName() const {
279     return Storage.dyn_cast<QualifiedTemplateName *>();
280   }
281 
282   /// \brief Retrieve the underlying dependent template name
283   /// structure, if any.
getAsDependentTemplateName()284   DependentTemplateName *getAsDependentTemplateName() const {
285     return Storage.dyn_cast<DependentTemplateName *>();
286   }
287 
288   TemplateName getUnderlying() const;
289 
290   /// \brief Determines whether this is a dependent template name.
291   bool isDependent() const;
292 
293   /// \brief Determines whether this is a template name that somehow
294   /// depends on a template parameter.
295   bool isInstantiationDependent() const;
296 
297   /// \brief Determines whether this template name contains an
298   /// unexpanded parameter pack (for C++0x variadic templates).
299   bool containsUnexpandedParameterPack() const;
300 
301   /// \brief Print the template name.
302   ///
303   /// \param OS the output stream to which the template name will be
304   /// printed.
305   ///
306   /// \param SuppressNNS if true, don't print the
307   /// nested-name-specifier that precedes the template name (if it has
308   /// one).
309   void print(raw_ostream &OS, const PrintingPolicy &Policy,
310              bool SuppressNNS = false) const;
311 
312   /// \brief Debugging aid that dumps the template name.
313   void dump(raw_ostream &OS) const;
314 
315   /// \brief Debugging aid that dumps the template name to standard
316   /// error.
317   void dump() const;
318 
Profile(llvm::FoldingSetNodeID & ID)319   void Profile(llvm::FoldingSetNodeID &ID) {
320     ID.AddPointer(Storage.getOpaqueValue());
321   }
322 
323   /// \brief Retrieve the template name as a void pointer.
getAsVoidPointer()324   void *getAsVoidPointer() const { return Storage.getOpaqueValue(); }
325 
326   /// \brief Build a template name from a void pointer.
getFromVoidPointer(void * Ptr)327   static TemplateName getFromVoidPointer(void *Ptr) {
328     return TemplateName(Ptr);
329   }
330 };
331 
332 /// Insertion operator for diagnostics.  This allows sending TemplateName's
333 /// into a diagnostic with <<.
334 const DiagnosticBuilder &operator<<(const DiagnosticBuilder &DB,
335                                     TemplateName N);
336 
337 /// \brief A structure for storing the information associated with a
338 /// substituted template template parameter.
339 class SubstTemplateTemplateParmStorage
340   : public UncommonTemplateNameStorage, public llvm::FoldingSetNode {
341   friend class ASTContext;
342 
343   TemplateTemplateParmDecl *Parameter;
344   TemplateName Replacement;
345 
SubstTemplateTemplateParmStorage(TemplateTemplateParmDecl * parameter,TemplateName replacement)346   SubstTemplateTemplateParmStorage(TemplateTemplateParmDecl *parameter,
347                                    TemplateName replacement)
348     : UncommonTemplateNameStorage(SubstTemplateTemplateParm, 0),
349       Parameter(parameter), Replacement(replacement) {}
350 
351 public:
getParameter()352   TemplateTemplateParmDecl *getParameter() const { return Parameter; }
getReplacement()353   TemplateName getReplacement() const { return Replacement; }
354 
355   void Profile(llvm::FoldingSetNodeID &ID);
356 
357   static void Profile(llvm::FoldingSetNodeID &ID,
358                       TemplateTemplateParmDecl *parameter,
359                       TemplateName replacement);
360 };
361 
TemplateName(SubstTemplateTemplateParmStorage * Storage)362 inline TemplateName::TemplateName(SubstTemplateTemplateParmStorage *Storage)
363   : Storage(Storage) { }
364 
getUnderlying()365 inline TemplateName TemplateName::getUnderlying() const {
366   if (SubstTemplateTemplateParmStorage *subst
367         = getAsSubstTemplateTemplateParm())
368     return subst->getReplacement().getUnderlying();
369   return *this;
370 }
371 
372 /// \brief Represents a template name that was expressed as a
373 /// qualified name.
374 ///
375 /// This kind of template name refers to a template name that was
376 /// preceded by a nested name specifier, e.g., \c std::vector. Here,
377 /// the nested name specifier is "std::" and the template name is the
378 /// declaration for "vector". The QualifiedTemplateName class is only
379 /// used to provide "sugar" for template names that were expressed
380 /// with a qualified name, and has no semantic meaning. In this
381 /// manner, it is to TemplateName what ElaboratedType is to Type,
382 /// providing extra syntactic sugar for downstream clients.
383 class QualifiedTemplateName : public llvm::FoldingSetNode {
384   /// \brief The nested name specifier that qualifies the template name.
385   ///
386   /// The bit is used to indicate whether the "template" keyword was
387   /// present before the template name itself. Note that the
388   /// "template" keyword is always redundant in this case (otherwise,
389   /// the template name would be a dependent name and we would express
390   /// this name with DependentTemplateName).
391   llvm::PointerIntPair<NestedNameSpecifier *, 1> Qualifier;
392 
393   /// \brief The template declaration or set of overloaded function templates
394   /// that this qualified name refers to.
395   TemplateDecl *Template;
396 
397   friend class ASTContext;
398 
QualifiedTemplateName(NestedNameSpecifier * NNS,bool TemplateKeyword,TemplateDecl * Template)399   QualifiedTemplateName(NestedNameSpecifier *NNS, bool TemplateKeyword,
400                         TemplateDecl *Template)
401     : Qualifier(NNS, TemplateKeyword? 1 : 0),
402       Template(Template) { }
403 
404 public:
405   /// \brief Return the nested name specifier that qualifies this name.
getQualifier()406   NestedNameSpecifier *getQualifier() const { return Qualifier.getPointer(); }
407 
408   /// \brief Whether the template name was prefixed by the "template"
409   /// keyword.
hasTemplateKeyword()410   bool hasTemplateKeyword() const { return Qualifier.getInt(); }
411 
412   /// \brief The template declaration that this qualified name refers
413   /// to.
getDecl()414   TemplateDecl *getDecl() const { return Template; }
415 
416   /// \brief The template declaration to which this qualified name
417   /// refers.
getTemplateDecl()418   TemplateDecl *getTemplateDecl() const { return Template; }
419 
Profile(llvm::FoldingSetNodeID & ID)420   void Profile(llvm::FoldingSetNodeID &ID) {
421     Profile(ID, getQualifier(), hasTemplateKeyword(), getTemplateDecl());
422   }
423 
Profile(llvm::FoldingSetNodeID & ID,NestedNameSpecifier * NNS,bool TemplateKeyword,TemplateDecl * Template)424   static void Profile(llvm::FoldingSetNodeID &ID, NestedNameSpecifier *NNS,
425                       bool TemplateKeyword, TemplateDecl *Template) {
426     ID.AddPointer(NNS);
427     ID.AddBoolean(TemplateKeyword);
428     ID.AddPointer(Template);
429   }
430 };
431 
432 /// \brief Represents a dependent template name that cannot be
433 /// resolved prior to template instantiation.
434 ///
435 /// This kind of template name refers to a dependent template name,
436 /// including its nested name specifier (if any). For example,
437 /// DependentTemplateName can refer to "MetaFun::template apply",
438 /// where "MetaFun::" is the nested name specifier and "apply" is the
439 /// template name referenced. The "template" keyword is implied.
440 class DependentTemplateName : public llvm::FoldingSetNode {
441   /// \brief The nested name specifier that qualifies the template
442   /// name.
443   ///
444   /// The bit stored in this qualifier describes whether the \c Name field
445   /// is interpreted as an IdentifierInfo pointer (when clear) or as an
446   /// overloaded operator kind (when set).
447   llvm::PointerIntPair<NestedNameSpecifier *, 1, bool> Qualifier;
448 
449   /// \brief The dependent template name.
450   union {
451     /// \brief The identifier template name.
452     ///
453     /// Only valid when the bit on \c Qualifier is clear.
454     const IdentifierInfo *Identifier;
455 
456     /// \brief The overloaded operator name.
457     ///
458     /// Only valid when the bit on \c Qualifier is set.
459     OverloadedOperatorKind Operator;
460   };
461 
462   /// \brief The canonical template name to which this dependent
463   /// template name refers.
464   ///
465   /// The canonical template name for a dependent template name is
466   /// another dependent template name whose nested name specifier is
467   /// canonical.
468   TemplateName CanonicalTemplateName;
469 
470   friend class ASTContext;
471 
DependentTemplateName(NestedNameSpecifier * Qualifier,const IdentifierInfo * Identifier)472   DependentTemplateName(NestedNameSpecifier *Qualifier,
473                         const IdentifierInfo *Identifier)
474     : Qualifier(Qualifier, false), Identifier(Identifier),
475       CanonicalTemplateName(this) { }
476 
DependentTemplateName(NestedNameSpecifier * Qualifier,const IdentifierInfo * Identifier,TemplateName Canon)477   DependentTemplateName(NestedNameSpecifier *Qualifier,
478                         const IdentifierInfo *Identifier,
479                         TemplateName Canon)
480     : Qualifier(Qualifier, false), Identifier(Identifier),
481       CanonicalTemplateName(Canon) { }
482 
DependentTemplateName(NestedNameSpecifier * Qualifier,OverloadedOperatorKind Operator)483   DependentTemplateName(NestedNameSpecifier *Qualifier,
484                         OverloadedOperatorKind Operator)
485   : Qualifier(Qualifier, true), Operator(Operator),
486     CanonicalTemplateName(this) { }
487 
DependentTemplateName(NestedNameSpecifier * Qualifier,OverloadedOperatorKind Operator,TemplateName Canon)488   DependentTemplateName(NestedNameSpecifier *Qualifier,
489                         OverloadedOperatorKind Operator,
490                         TemplateName Canon)
491   : Qualifier(Qualifier, true), Operator(Operator),
492     CanonicalTemplateName(Canon) { }
493 
494 public:
495   /// \brief Return the nested name specifier that qualifies this name.
getQualifier()496   NestedNameSpecifier *getQualifier() const { return Qualifier.getPointer(); }
497 
498   /// \brief Determine whether this template name refers to an identifier.
isIdentifier()499   bool isIdentifier() const { return !Qualifier.getInt(); }
500 
501   /// \brief Returns the identifier to which this template name refers.
getIdentifier()502   const IdentifierInfo *getIdentifier() const {
503     assert(isIdentifier() && "Template name isn't an identifier?");
504     return Identifier;
505   }
506 
507   /// \brief Determine whether this template name refers to an overloaded
508   /// operator.
isOverloadedOperator()509   bool isOverloadedOperator() const { return Qualifier.getInt(); }
510 
511   /// \brief Return the overloaded operator to which this template name refers.
getOperator()512   OverloadedOperatorKind getOperator() const {
513     assert(isOverloadedOperator() &&
514            "Template name isn't an overloaded operator?");
515     return Operator;
516   }
517 
Profile(llvm::FoldingSetNodeID & ID)518   void Profile(llvm::FoldingSetNodeID &ID) {
519     if (isIdentifier())
520       Profile(ID, getQualifier(), getIdentifier());
521     else
522       Profile(ID, getQualifier(), getOperator());
523   }
524 
Profile(llvm::FoldingSetNodeID & ID,NestedNameSpecifier * NNS,const IdentifierInfo * Identifier)525   static void Profile(llvm::FoldingSetNodeID &ID, NestedNameSpecifier *NNS,
526                       const IdentifierInfo *Identifier) {
527     ID.AddPointer(NNS);
528     ID.AddBoolean(false);
529     ID.AddPointer(Identifier);
530   }
531 
Profile(llvm::FoldingSetNodeID & ID,NestedNameSpecifier * NNS,OverloadedOperatorKind Operator)532   static void Profile(llvm::FoldingSetNodeID &ID, NestedNameSpecifier *NNS,
533                       OverloadedOperatorKind Operator) {
534     ID.AddPointer(NNS);
535     ID.AddBoolean(true);
536     ID.AddInteger(Operator);
537   }
538 };
539 
540 } // end namespace clang.
541 
542 namespace llvm {
543 
544 /// \brief The clang::TemplateName class is effectively a pointer.
545 template<>
546 class PointerLikeTypeTraits<clang::TemplateName> {
547 public:
getAsVoidPointer(clang::TemplateName TN)548   static inline void *getAsVoidPointer(clang::TemplateName TN) {
549     return TN.getAsVoidPointer();
550   }
551 
getFromVoidPointer(void * Ptr)552   static inline clang::TemplateName getFromVoidPointer(void *Ptr) {
553     return clang::TemplateName::getFromVoidPointer(Ptr);
554   }
555 
556   // No bits are available!
557   enum { NumLowBitsAvailable = 0 };
558 };
559 
560 } // end namespace llvm.
561 
562 #endif
563