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1 /*
2 ** 2003 September 6
3 **
4 ** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
5 ** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
6 **
7 **    May you do good and not evil.
8 **    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
9 **    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
10 **
11 *************************************************************************
12 ** This is the header file for information that is private to the
13 ** VDBE.  This information used to all be at the top of the single
14 ** source code file "vdbe.c".  When that file became too big (over
15 ** 6000 lines long) it was split up into several smaller files and
16 ** this header information was factored out.
17 */
18 #ifndef _VDBEINT_H_
19 #define _VDBEINT_H_
20 
21 /*
22 ** SQL is translated into a sequence of instructions to be
23 ** executed by a virtual machine.  Each instruction is an instance
24 ** of the following structure.
25 */
26 typedef struct VdbeOp Op;
27 
28 /*
29 ** Boolean values
30 */
31 typedef unsigned char Bool;
32 
33 /*
34 ** A cursor is a pointer into a single BTree within a database file.
35 ** The cursor can seek to a BTree entry with a particular key, or
36 ** loop over all entries of the Btree.  You can also insert new BTree
37 ** entries or retrieve the key or data from the entry that the cursor
38 ** is currently pointing to.
39 **
40 ** Every cursor that the virtual machine has open is represented by an
41 ** instance of the following structure.
42 */
43 struct VdbeCursor {
44   BtCursor *pCursor;    /* The cursor structure of the backend */
45   Btree *pBt;           /* Separate file holding temporary table */
46   KeyInfo *pKeyInfo;    /* Info about index keys needed by index cursors */
47   int iDb;              /* Index of cursor database in db->aDb[] (or -1) */
48   int pseudoTableReg;   /* Register holding pseudotable content. */
49   int nField;           /* Number of fields in the header */
50   Bool zeroed;          /* True if zeroed out and ready for reuse */
51   Bool rowidIsValid;    /* True if lastRowid is valid */
52   Bool atFirst;         /* True if pointing to first entry */
53   Bool useRandomRowid;  /* Generate new record numbers semi-randomly */
54   Bool nullRow;         /* True if pointing to a row with no data */
55   Bool deferredMoveto;  /* A call to sqlite3BtreeMoveto() is needed */
56   Bool isTable;         /* True if a table requiring integer keys */
57   Bool isIndex;         /* True if an index containing keys only - no data */
58   Bool isOrdered;       /* True if the underlying table is BTREE_UNORDERED */
59   sqlite3_vtab_cursor *pVtabCursor;  /* The cursor for a virtual table */
60   const sqlite3_module *pModule;     /* Module for cursor pVtabCursor */
61   i64 seqCount;         /* Sequence counter */
62   i64 movetoTarget;     /* Argument to the deferred sqlite3BtreeMoveto() */
63   i64 lastRowid;        /* Last rowid from a Next or NextIdx operation */
64 
65   /* Result of last sqlite3BtreeMoveto() done by an OP_NotExists or
66   ** OP_IsUnique opcode on this cursor. */
67   int seekResult;
68 
69   /* Cached information about the header for the data record that the
70   ** cursor is currently pointing to.  Only valid if cacheStatus matches
71   ** Vdbe.cacheCtr.  Vdbe.cacheCtr will never take on the value of
72   ** CACHE_STALE and so setting cacheStatus=CACHE_STALE guarantees that
73   ** the cache is out of date.
74   **
75   ** aRow might point to (ephemeral) data for the current row, or it might
76   ** be NULL.
77   */
78   u32 cacheStatus;      /* Cache is valid if this matches Vdbe.cacheCtr */
79   int payloadSize;      /* Total number of bytes in the record */
80   u32 *aType;           /* Type values for all entries in the record */
81   u32 *aOffset;         /* Cached offsets to the start of each columns data */
82   u8 *aRow;             /* Data for the current row, if all on one page */
83 };
84 typedef struct VdbeCursor VdbeCursor;
85 
86 /*
87 ** When a sub-program is executed (OP_Program), a structure of this type
88 ** is allocated to store the current value of the program counter, as
89 ** well as the current memory cell array and various other frame specific
90 ** values stored in the Vdbe struct. When the sub-program is finished,
91 ** these values are copied back to the Vdbe from the VdbeFrame structure,
92 ** restoring the state of the VM to as it was before the sub-program
93 ** began executing.
94 **
95 ** The memory for a VdbeFrame object is allocated and managed by a memory
96 ** cell in the parent (calling) frame. When the memory cell is deleted or
97 ** overwritten, the VdbeFrame object is not freed immediately. Instead, it
98 ** is linked into the Vdbe.pDelFrame list. The contents of the Vdbe.pDelFrame
99 ** list is deleted when the VM is reset in VdbeHalt(). The reason for doing
100 ** this instead of deleting the VdbeFrame immediately is to avoid recursive
101 ** calls to sqlite3VdbeMemRelease() when the memory cells belonging to the
102 ** child frame are released.
103 **
104 ** The currently executing frame is stored in Vdbe.pFrame. Vdbe.pFrame is
105 ** set to NULL if the currently executing frame is the main program.
106 */
107 typedef struct VdbeFrame VdbeFrame;
108 struct VdbeFrame {
109   Vdbe *v;                /* VM this frame belongs to */
110   int pc;                 /* Program Counter in parent (calling) frame */
111   Op *aOp;                /* Program instructions for parent frame */
112   int nOp;                /* Size of aOp array */
113   Mem *aMem;              /* Array of memory cells for parent frame */
114   int nMem;               /* Number of entries in aMem */
115   VdbeCursor **apCsr;     /* Array of Vdbe cursors for parent frame */
116   u16 nCursor;            /* Number of entries in apCsr */
117   void *token;            /* Copy of SubProgram.token */
118   int nChildMem;          /* Number of memory cells for child frame */
119   int nChildCsr;          /* Number of cursors for child frame */
120   i64 lastRowid;          /* Last insert rowid (sqlite3.lastRowid) */
121   int nChange;            /* Statement changes (Vdbe.nChanges)     */
122   VdbeFrame *pParent;     /* Parent of this frame, or NULL if parent is main */
123 };
124 
125 #define VdbeFrameMem(p) ((Mem *)&((u8 *)p)[ROUND8(sizeof(VdbeFrame))])
126 
127 /*
128 ** A value for VdbeCursor.cacheValid that means the cache is always invalid.
129 */
130 #define CACHE_STALE 0
131 
132 /*
133 ** Internally, the vdbe manipulates nearly all SQL values as Mem
134 ** structures. Each Mem struct may cache multiple representations (string,
135 ** integer etc.) of the same value.
136 */
137 struct Mem {
138   sqlite3 *db;        /* The associated database connection */
139   char *z;            /* String or BLOB value */
140   double r;           /* Real value */
141   union {
142     i64 i;              /* Integer value used when MEM_Int is set in flags */
143     int nZero;          /* Used when bit MEM_Zero is set in flags */
144     FuncDef *pDef;      /* Used only when flags==MEM_Agg */
145     RowSet *pRowSet;    /* Used only when flags==MEM_RowSet */
146     VdbeFrame *pFrame;  /* Used when flags==MEM_Frame */
147   } u;
148   int n;              /* Number of characters in string value, excluding '\0' */
149   u16 flags;          /* Some combination of MEM_Null, MEM_Str, MEM_Dyn, etc. */
150   u8  type;           /* One of SQLITE_NULL, SQLITE_TEXT, SQLITE_INTEGER, etc */
151   u8  enc;            /* SQLITE_UTF8, SQLITE_UTF16BE, SQLITE_UTF16LE */
152 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
153   Mem *pScopyFrom;    /* This Mem is a shallow copy of pScopyFrom */
154   void *pFiller;      /* So that sizeof(Mem) is a multiple of 8 */
155 #endif
156   void (*xDel)(void *);  /* If not null, call this function to delete Mem.z */
157   char *zMalloc;      /* Dynamic buffer allocated by sqlite3_malloc() */
158 };
159 
160 /* One or more of the following flags are set to indicate the validOK
161 ** representations of the value stored in the Mem struct.
162 **
163 ** If the MEM_Null flag is set, then the value is an SQL NULL value.
164 ** No other flags may be set in this case.
165 **
166 ** If the MEM_Str flag is set then Mem.z points at a string representation.
167 ** Usually this is encoded in the same unicode encoding as the main
168 ** database (see below for exceptions). If the MEM_Term flag is also
169 ** set, then the string is nul terminated. The MEM_Int and MEM_Real
170 ** flags may coexist with the MEM_Str flag.
171 */
172 #define MEM_Null      0x0001   /* Value is NULL */
173 #define MEM_Str       0x0002   /* Value is a string */
174 #define MEM_Int       0x0004   /* Value is an integer */
175 #define MEM_Real      0x0008   /* Value is a real number */
176 #define MEM_Blob      0x0010   /* Value is a BLOB */
177 #define MEM_RowSet    0x0020   /* Value is a RowSet object */
178 #define MEM_Frame     0x0040   /* Value is a VdbeFrame object */
179 #define MEM_Invalid   0x0080   /* Value is undefined */
180 #define MEM_TypeMask  0x00ff   /* Mask of type bits */
181 
182 /* Whenever Mem contains a valid string or blob representation, one of
183 ** the following flags must be set to determine the memory management
184 ** policy for Mem.z.  The MEM_Term flag tells us whether or not the
185 ** string is \000 or \u0000 terminated
186 */
187 #define MEM_Term      0x0200   /* String rep is nul terminated */
188 #define MEM_Dyn       0x0400   /* Need to call sqliteFree() on Mem.z */
189 #define MEM_Static    0x0800   /* Mem.z points to a static string */
190 #define MEM_Ephem     0x1000   /* Mem.z points to an ephemeral string */
191 #define MEM_Agg       0x2000   /* Mem.z points to an agg function context */
192 #define MEM_Zero      0x4000   /* Mem.i contains count of 0s appended to blob */
193 #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_INCRBLOB
194   #undef MEM_Zero
195   #define MEM_Zero 0x0000
196 #endif
197 
198 /*
199 ** Clear any existing type flags from a Mem and replace them with f
200 */
201 #define MemSetTypeFlag(p, f) \
202    ((p)->flags = ((p)->flags&~(MEM_TypeMask|MEM_Zero))|f)
203 
204 /*
205 ** Return true if a memory cell is not marked as invalid.  This macro
206 ** is for use inside assert() statements only.
207 */
208 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
209 #define memIsValid(M)  ((M)->flags & MEM_Invalid)==0
210 #endif
211 
212 
213 /* A VdbeFunc is just a FuncDef (defined in sqliteInt.h) that contains
214 ** additional information about auxiliary information bound to arguments
215 ** of the function.  This is used to implement the sqlite3_get_auxdata()
216 ** and sqlite3_set_auxdata() APIs.  The "auxdata" is some auxiliary data
217 ** that can be associated with a constant argument to a function.  This
218 ** allows functions such as "regexp" to compile their constant regular
219 ** expression argument once and reused the compiled code for multiple
220 ** invocations.
221 */
222 struct VdbeFunc {
223   FuncDef *pFunc;               /* The definition of the function */
224   int nAux;                     /* Number of entries allocated for apAux[] */
225   struct AuxData {
226     void *pAux;                   /* Aux data for the i-th argument */
227     void (*xDelete)(void *);      /* Destructor for the aux data */
228   } apAux[1];                   /* One slot for each function argument */
229 };
230 
231 /*
232 ** The "context" argument for a installable function.  A pointer to an
233 ** instance of this structure is the first argument to the routines used
234 ** implement the SQL functions.
235 **
236 ** There is a typedef for this structure in sqlite.h.  So all routines,
237 ** even the public interface to SQLite, can use a pointer to this structure.
238 ** But this file is the only place where the internal details of this
239 ** structure are known.
240 **
241 ** This structure is defined inside of vdbeInt.h because it uses substructures
242 ** (Mem) which are only defined there.
243 */
244 struct sqlite3_context {
245   FuncDef *pFunc;       /* Pointer to function information.  MUST BE FIRST */
246   VdbeFunc *pVdbeFunc;  /* Auxilary data, if created. */
247   Mem s;                /* The return value is stored here */
248   Mem *pMem;            /* Memory cell used to store aggregate context */
249   int isError;          /* Error code returned by the function. */
250   CollSeq *pColl;       /* Collating sequence */
251 };
252 
253 /*
254 ** An instance of the virtual machine.  This structure contains the complete
255 ** state of the virtual machine.
256 **
257 ** The "sqlite3_stmt" structure pointer that is returned by sqlite3_prepare()
258 ** is really a pointer to an instance of this structure.
259 **
260 ** The Vdbe.inVtabMethod variable is set to non-zero for the duration of
261 ** any virtual table method invocations made by the vdbe program. It is
262 ** set to 2 for xDestroy method calls and 1 for all other methods. This
263 ** variable is used for two purposes: to allow xDestroy methods to execute
264 ** "DROP TABLE" statements and to prevent some nasty side effects of
265 ** malloc failure when SQLite is invoked recursively by a virtual table
266 ** method function.
267 */
268 struct Vdbe {
269   sqlite3 *db;            /* The database connection that owns this statement */
270   Op *aOp;                /* Space to hold the virtual machine's program */
271   Mem *aMem;              /* The memory locations */
272   Mem **apArg;            /* Arguments to currently executing user function */
273   Mem *aColName;          /* Column names to return */
274   Mem *pResultSet;        /* Pointer to an array of results */
275   int nMem;               /* Number of memory locations currently allocated */
276   int nOp;                /* Number of instructions in the program */
277   int nOpAlloc;           /* Number of slots allocated for aOp[] */
278   int nLabel;             /* Number of labels used */
279   int nLabelAlloc;        /* Number of slots allocated in aLabel[] */
280   int *aLabel;            /* Space to hold the labels */
281   u16 nResColumn;         /* Number of columns in one row of the result set */
282   u16 nCursor;            /* Number of slots in apCsr[] */
283   u32 magic;              /* Magic number for sanity checking */
284   char *zErrMsg;          /* Error message written here */
285   Vdbe *pPrev,*pNext;     /* Linked list of VDBEs with the same Vdbe.db */
286   VdbeCursor **apCsr;     /* One element of this array for each open cursor */
287   Mem *aVar;              /* Values for the OP_Variable opcode. */
288   char **azVar;           /* Name of variables */
289   ynVar nVar;             /* Number of entries in aVar[] */
290   u32 cacheCtr;           /* VdbeCursor row cache generation counter */
291   int pc;                 /* The program counter */
292   int rc;                 /* Value to return */
293   u8 errorAction;         /* Recovery action to do in case of an error */
294   u8 okVar;               /* True if azVar[] has been initialized */
295   u8 explain;             /* True if EXPLAIN present on SQL command */
296   u8 changeCntOn;         /* True to update the change-counter */
297   u8 expired;             /* True if the VM needs to be recompiled */
298   u8 runOnlyOnce;         /* Automatically expire on reset */
299   u8 minWriteFileFormat;  /* Minimum file format for writable database files */
300   u8 inVtabMethod;        /* See comments above */
301   u8 usesStmtJournal;     /* True if uses a statement journal */
302   u8 readOnly;            /* True for read-only statements */
303   u8 isPrepareV2;         /* True if prepared with prepare_v2() */
304   int nChange;            /* Number of db changes made since last reset */
305   yDbMask btreeMask;      /* Bitmask of db->aDb[] entries referenced */
306   yDbMask lockMask;       /* Subset of btreeMask that requires a lock */
307   int iStatement;         /* Statement number (or 0 if has not opened stmt) */
308   int aCounter[3];        /* Counters used by sqlite3_stmt_status() */
309 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TRACE
310   i64 startTime;          /* Time when query started - used for profiling */
311 #endif
312   i64 nFkConstraint;      /* Number of imm. FK constraints this VM */
313   i64 nStmtDefCons;       /* Number of def. constraints when stmt started */
314   char *zSql;             /* Text of the SQL statement that generated this */
315   void *pFree;            /* Free this when deleting the vdbe */
316 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
317   FILE *trace;            /* Write an execution trace here, if not NULL */
318 #endif
319   VdbeFrame *pFrame;      /* Parent frame */
320   VdbeFrame *pDelFrame;   /* List of frame objects to free on VM reset */
321   int nFrame;             /* Number of frames in pFrame list */
322   u32 expmask;            /* Binding to these vars invalidates VM */
323   SubProgram *pProgram;   /* Linked list of all sub-programs used by VM */
324 };
325 
326 /*
327 ** The following are allowed values for Vdbe.magic
328 */
329 #define VDBE_MAGIC_INIT     0x26bceaa5    /* Building a VDBE program */
330 #define VDBE_MAGIC_RUN      0xbdf20da3    /* VDBE is ready to execute */
331 #define VDBE_MAGIC_HALT     0x519c2973    /* VDBE has completed execution */
332 #define VDBE_MAGIC_DEAD     0xb606c3c8    /* The VDBE has been deallocated */
333 
334 /*
335 ** Function prototypes
336 */
337 void sqlite3VdbeFreeCursor(Vdbe *, VdbeCursor*);
338 void sqliteVdbePopStack(Vdbe*,int);
339 int sqlite3VdbeCursorMoveto(VdbeCursor*);
340 #if defined(SQLITE_DEBUG) || defined(VDBE_PROFILE)
341 void sqlite3VdbePrintOp(FILE*, int, Op*);
342 #endif
343 u32 sqlite3VdbeSerialTypeLen(u32);
344 u32 sqlite3VdbeSerialType(Mem*, int);
345 u32 sqlite3VdbeSerialPut(unsigned char*, int, Mem*, int);
346 u32 sqlite3VdbeSerialGet(const unsigned char*, u32, Mem*);
347 void sqlite3VdbeDeleteAuxData(VdbeFunc*, int);
348 
349 int sqlite2BtreeKeyCompare(BtCursor *, const void *, int, int, int *);
350 int sqlite3VdbeIdxKeyCompare(VdbeCursor*,UnpackedRecord*,int*);
351 int sqlite3VdbeIdxRowid(sqlite3*, BtCursor *, i64 *);
352 int sqlite3MemCompare(const Mem*, const Mem*, const CollSeq*);
353 int sqlite3VdbeExec(Vdbe*);
354 int sqlite3VdbeList(Vdbe*);
355 int sqlite3VdbeHalt(Vdbe*);
356 int sqlite3VdbeChangeEncoding(Mem *, int);
357 int sqlite3VdbeMemTooBig(Mem*);
358 int sqlite3VdbeMemCopy(Mem*, const Mem*);
359 void sqlite3VdbeMemShallowCopy(Mem*, const Mem*, int);
360 void sqlite3VdbeMemMove(Mem*, Mem*);
361 int sqlite3VdbeMemNulTerminate(Mem*);
362 int sqlite3VdbeMemSetStr(Mem*, const char*, int, u8, void(*)(void*));
363 void sqlite3VdbeMemSetInt64(Mem*, i64);
364 #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
365 # define sqlite3VdbeMemSetDouble sqlite3VdbeMemSetInt64
366 #else
367   void sqlite3VdbeMemSetDouble(Mem*, double);
368 #endif
369 void sqlite3VdbeMemSetNull(Mem*);
370 void sqlite3VdbeMemSetZeroBlob(Mem*,int);
371 void sqlite3VdbeMemSetRowSet(Mem*);
372 int sqlite3VdbeMemMakeWriteable(Mem*);
373 int sqlite3VdbeMemStringify(Mem*, int);
374 i64 sqlite3VdbeIntValue(Mem*);
375 int sqlite3VdbeMemIntegerify(Mem*);
376 double sqlite3VdbeRealValue(Mem*);
377 void sqlite3VdbeIntegerAffinity(Mem*);
378 int sqlite3VdbeMemRealify(Mem*);
379 int sqlite3VdbeMemNumerify(Mem*);
380 int sqlite3VdbeMemFromBtree(BtCursor*,int,int,int,Mem*);
381 void sqlite3VdbeMemRelease(Mem *p);
382 void sqlite3VdbeMemReleaseExternal(Mem *p);
383 int sqlite3VdbeMemFinalize(Mem*, FuncDef*);
384 const char *sqlite3OpcodeName(int);
385 int sqlite3VdbeMemGrow(Mem *pMem, int n, int preserve);
386 int sqlite3VdbeCloseStatement(Vdbe *, int);
387 void sqlite3VdbeFrameDelete(VdbeFrame*);
388 int sqlite3VdbeFrameRestore(VdbeFrame *);
389 void sqlite3VdbeMemStoreType(Mem *pMem);
390 
391 #if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_SHARED_CACHE) && SQLITE_THREADSAFE>0
392   void sqlite3VdbeEnter(Vdbe*);
393   void sqlite3VdbeLeave(Vdbe*);
394 #else
395 # define sqlite3VdbeEnter(X)
396 # define sqlite3VdbeLeave(X)
397 #endif
398 
399 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
400 void sqlite3VdbeMemPrepareToChange(Vdbe*,Mem*);
401 #endif
402 
403 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FOREIGN_KEY
404 int sqlite3VdbeCheckFk(Vdbe *, int);
405 #else
406 # define sqlite3VdbeCheckFk(p,i) 0
407 #endif
408 
409 int sqlite3VdbeMemTranslate(Mem*, u8);
410 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
411   void sqlite3VdbePrintSql(Vdbe*);
412   void sqlite3VdbeMemPrettyPrint(Mem *pMem, char *zBuf);
413 #endif
414 int sqlite3VdbeMemHandleBom(Mem *pMem);
415 
416 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_INCRBLOB
417   int sqlite3VdbeMemExpandBlob(Mem *);
418 #else
419   #define sqlite3VdbeMemExpandBlob(x) SQLITE_OK
420 #endif
421 
422 #endif /* !defined(_VDBEINT_H_) */
423