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1 // Copyright (C) 2003, 2008 Fernando Luis Cacciola Carballal.
2 //
3 // Use, modification, and distribution is subject to the Boost Software
4 // License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
5 // http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
6 //
7 // See http://www.boost.org/libs/optional for documentation.
8 //
9 // You are welcome to contact the author at:
10 //  fernando_cacciola@hotmail.com
11 //
12 // Revisions:
13 // 27 Apr 2008 (improved swap) Fernando Cacciola, Niels Dekker, Thorsten Ottosen
14 //
15 #ifndef BOOST_OPTIONAL_OPTIONAL_FLC_19NOV2002_HPP
16 #define BOOST_OPTIONAL_OPTIONAL_FLC_19NOV2002_HPP
17 
18 #include <new>
19 #include <algorithm>
20 
21 #include <boost/config.hpp>
22 #include <boost/assert.hpp>
23 #include <boost/type.hpp>
24 #include <boost/type_traits/alignment_of.hpp>
25 #include <boost/type_traits/has_nothrow_constructor.hpp>
26 #include <boost/type_traits/type_with_alignment.hpp>
27 #include <boost/type_traits/remove_reference.hpp>
28 #include <boost/type_traits/is_reference.hpp>
29 #include <boost/mpl/if.hpp>
30 #include <boost/mpl/bool.hpp>
31 #include <boost/mpl/not.hpp>
32 #include <boost/detail/reference_content.hpp>
33 #include <boost/none.hpp>
34 #include <boost/utility/swap.hpp>
35 #include <boost/utility/addressof.hpp>
36 #include <boost/utility/compare_pointees.hpp>
37 #include <boost/utility/in_place_factory.hpp>
38 
39 #include <boost/optional/optional_fwd.hpp>
40 
41 #if BOOST_WORKAROUND(BOOST_MSVC, == 1200)
42 // VC6.0 has the following bug:
43 //   When a templated assignment operator exist, an implicit conversion
44 //   constructing an optional<T> is used when assigment of the form:
45 //     optional<T> opt ; opt = T(...);
46 //   is compiled.
47 //   However, optional's ctor is _explicit_ and the assignemt shouldn't compile.
48 //   Therefore, for VC6.0 templated assignment is disabled.
49 //
50 #define BOOST_OPTIONAL_NO_CONVERTING_ASSIGNMENT
51 #endif
52 
53 #if BOOST_WORKAROUND(BOOST_MSVC, == 1300)
54 // VC7.0 has the following bug:
55 //   When both a non-template and a template copy-ctor exist
56 //   and the templated version is made 'explicit', the explicit is also
57 //   given to the non-templated version, making the class non-implicitely-copyable.
58 //
59 #define BOOST_OPTIONAL_NO_CONVERTING_COPY_CTOR
60 #endif
61 
62 #if BOOST_WORKAROUND(BOOST_MSVC, <= 1300) || BOOST_WORKAROUND(BOOST_INTEL_CXX_VERSION,<=700)
63 // AFAICT only VC7.1 correctly resolves the overload set
64 // that includes the in-place factory taking functions,
65 // so for the other VC versions, in-place factory support
66 // is disabled
67 #define BOOST_OPTIONAL_NO_INPLACE_FACTORY_SUPPORT
68 #endif
69 
70 #if BOOST_WORKAROUND(__BORLANDC__, <= 0x551)
71 // BCB (5.5.1) cannot parse the nested template struct in an inplace factory.
72 #define BOOST_OPTIONAL_NO_INPLACE_FACTORY_SUPPORT
73 #endif
74 
75 #if !defined(BOOST_OPTIONAL_NO_INPLACE_FACTORY_SUPPORT) \
76     && BOOST_WORKAROUND(__BORLANDC__, BOOST_TESTED_AT(0x581) )
77 // BCB (up to 5.64) has the following bug:
78 //   If there is a member function/operator template of the form
79 //     template<class Expr> mfunc( Expr expr ) ;
80 //   some calls are resolved to this even if there are other better matches.
81 //   The effect of this bug is that calls to converting ctors and assignments
82 //   are incrorrectly sink to this general catch-all member function template as shown above.
83 #define BOOST_OPTIONAL_WEAK_OVERLOAD_RESOLUTION
84 #endif
85 
86 #if defined(__GNUC__) && (__GNUC__ * 100 + __GNUC_MINOR__) > 302 \
87     && !defined(__INTEL_COMPILER)
88 // GCC since 3.3 has may_alias attribute that helps to alleviate optimizer issues with
89 // regard to violation of the strict aliasing rules. The optional< T > storage type is marked
90 // with this attribute in order to let the compiler know that it will alias objects of type T
91 // and silence compilation warnings.
92 #define BOOST_OPTIONAL_DETAIL_USE_ATTRIBUTE_MAY_ALIAS
93 #endif
94 
95 // Daniel Wallin discovered that bind/apply.hpp badly interacts with the apply<>
96 // member template of a factory as used in the optional<> implementation.
97 // He proposed this simple fix which is to move the call to apply<> outside
98 // namespace boost.
99 namespace boost_optional_detail
100 {
101   template <class T, class Factory>
construct(Factory const & factory,void * address)102   inline void construct(Factory const& factory, void* address)
103   {
104     factory.BOOST_NESTED_TEMPLATE apply<T>(address);
105   }
106 }
107 
108 
109 namespace boost {
110 
111 class in_place_factory_base ;
112 class typed_in_place_factory_base ;
113 
114 // This forward is needed to refer to namespace scope swap from the member swap
115 template<class T> void swap ( optional<T>& x, optional<T>& y );
116 
117 namespace optional_detail {
118 
119 // This local class is used instead of that in "aligned_storage.hpp"
120 // because I've found the 'official' class to ICE BCB5.5
121 // when some types are used with optional<>
122 // (due to sizeof() passed down as a non-type template parameter)
123 template <class T>
124 class aligned_storage
125 {
126     // Borland ICEs if unnamed unions are used for this!
127     union
128     // This works around GCC warnings about breaking strict aliasing rules when casting storage address to T*
129 #if defined(BOOST_OPTIONAL_DETAIL_USE_ATTRIBUTE_MAY_ALIAS)
130     __attribute__((may_alias))
131 #endif
132     dummy_u
133     {
134         char data[ sizeof(T) ];
135         BOOST_DEDUCED_TYPENAME type_with_alignment<
136           ::boost::alignment_of<T>::value >::type aligner_;
137     } dummy_ ;
138 
139   public:
140 
141 #if defined(BOOST_OPTIONAL_DETAIL_USE_ATTRIBUTE_MAY_ALIAS)
address() const142     void const* address() const { return &dummy_; }
address()143     void      * address()       { return &dummy_; }
144 #else
145     void const* address() const { return dummy_.data; }
146     void      * address()       { return dummy_.data; }
147 #endif
148 } ;
149 
150 template<class T>
151 struct types_when_isnt_ref
152 {
153   typedef T const& reference_const_type ;
154   typedef T &      reference_type ;
155   typedef T const* pointer_const_type ;
156   typedef T *      pointer_type ;
157   typedef T const& argument_type ;
158 } ;
159 template<class T>
160 struct types_when_is_ref
161 {
162   typedef BOOST_DEDUCED_TYPENAME remove_reference<T>::type raw_type ;
163 
164   typedef raw_type& reference_const_type ;
165   typedef raw_type& reference_type ;
166   typedef raw_type* pointer_const_type ;
167   typedef raw_type* pointer_type ;
168   typedef raw_type& argument_type ;
169 } ;
170 
171 struct optional_tag {} ;
172 
173 template<class T>
174 class optional_base : public optional_tag
175 {
176   private :
177 
178     typedef
179 #if !BOOST_WORKAROUND(__BORLANDC__, BOOST_TESTED_AT(0x564))
180     BOOST_DEDUCED_TYPENAME
181 #endif
182     ::boost::detail::make_reference_content<T>::type internal_type ;
183 
184     typedef aligned_storage<internal_type> storage_type ;
185 
186     typedef types_when_isnt_ref<T> types_when_not_ref ;
187     typedef types_when_is_ref<T>   types_when_ref   ;
188 
189     typedef optional_base<T> this_type ;
190 
191   protected :
192 
193     typedef T value_type ;
194 
195     typedef mpl::true_  is_reference_tag ;
196     typedef mpl::false_ is_not_reference_tag ;
197 
198     typedef BOOST_DEDUCED_TYPENAME is_reference<T>::type is_reference_predicate ;
199 
200   public:
201     typedef BOOST_DEDUCED_TYPENAME mpl::if_<is_reference_predicate,types_when_ref,types_when_not_ref>::type types ;
202 
203   protected:
204     typedef bool (this_type::*unspecified_bool_type)() const;
205 
206     typedef BOOST_DEDUCED_TYPENAME types::reference_type       reference_type ;
207     typedef BOOST_DEDUCED_TYPENAME types::reference_const_type reference_const_type ;
208     typedef BOOST_DEDUCED_TYPENAME types::pointer_type         pointer_type ;
209     typedef BOOST_DEDUCED_TYPENAME types::pointer_const_type   pointer_const_type ;
210     typedef BOOST_DEDUCED_TYPENAME types::argument_type        argument_type ;
211 
212     // Creates an optional<T> uninitialized.
213     // No-throw
optional_base()214     optional_base()
215       :
216       m_initialized(false) {}
217 
218     // Creates an optional<T> uninitialized.
219     // No-throw
optional_base(none_t)220     optional_base ( none_t )
221       :
222       m_initialized(false) {}
223 
224     // Creates an optional<T> initialized with 'val'.
225     // Can throw if T::T(T const&) does
optional_base(argument_type val)226     optional_base ( argument_type val )
227       :
228       m_initialized(false)
229     {
230       construct(val);
231     }
232 
233     // Creates an optional<T> initialized with 'val' IFF cond is true, otherwise creates an uninitialzed optional<T>.
234     // Can throw if T::T(T const&) does
optional_base(bool cond,argument_type val)235     optional_base ( bool cond, argument_type val )
236       :
237       m_initialized(false)
238     {
239       if ( cond )
240         construct(val);
241     }
242 
243     // Creates a deep copy of another optional<T>
244     // Can throw if T::T(T const&) does
optional_base(optional_base const & rhs)245     optional_base ( optional_base const& rhs )
246       :
247       m_initialized(false)
248     {
249       if ( rhs.is_initialized() )
250         construct(rhs.get_impl());
251     }
252 
253 
254     // This is used for both converting and in-place constructions.
255     // Derived classes use the 'tag' to select the appropriate
256     // implementation (the correct 'construct()' overload)
257     template<class Expr>
optional_base(Expr const & expr,Expr const * tag)258     explicit optional_base ( Expr const& expr, Expr const* tag )
259       :
260       m_initialized(false)
261     {
262       construct(expr,tag);
263     }
264 
265 
266 
267     // No-throw (assuming T::~T() doesn't)
~optional_base()268     ~optional_base() { destroy() ; }
269 
270     // Assigns from another optional<T> (deep-copies the rhs value)
assign(optional_base const & rhs)271     void assign ( optional_base const& rhs )
272     {
273       if (is_initialized())
274       {
275         if ( rhs.is_initialized() )
276              assign_value(rhs.get_impl(), is_reference_predicate() );
277         else destroy();
278       }
279       else
280       {
281         if ( rhs.is_initialized() )
282           construct(rhs.get_impl());
283       }
284     }
285 
286     // Assigns from another _convertible_ optional<U> (deep-copies the rhs value)
287     template<class U>
assign(optional<U> const & rhs)288     void assign ( optional<U> const& rhs )
289     {
290       if (is_initialized())
291       {
292         if ( rhs.is_initialized() )
293              assign_value(static_cast<value_type>(rhs.get()), is_reference_predicate() );
294         else destroy();
295       }
296       else
297       {
298         if ( rhs.is_initialized() )
299           construct(static_cast<value_type>(rhs.get()));
300       }
301     }
302 
303     // Assigns from a T (deep-copies the rhs value)
assign(argument_type val)304     void assign ( argument_type val )
305     {
306       if (is_initialized())
307            assign_value(val, is_reference_predicate() );
308       else construct(val);
309     }
310 
311     // Assigns from "none", destroying the current value, if any, leaving this UNINITIALIZED
312     // No-throw (assuming T::~T() doesn't)
assign(none_t)313     void assign ( none_t ) { destroy(); }
314 
315 #ifndef BOOST_OPTIONAL_NO_INPLACE_FACTORY_SUPPORT
316     template<class Expr>
assign_expr(Expr const & expr,Expr const * tag)317     void assign_expr ( Expr const& expr, Expr const* tag )
318       {
319         if (is_initialized())
320              assign_expr_to_initialized(expr,tag);
321         else construct(expr,tag);
322       }
323 #endif
324 
325   public :
326 
327     // Destroys the current value, if any, leaving this UNINITIALIZED
328     // No-throw (assuming T::~T() doesn't)
reset()329     void reset() { destroy(); }
330 
331     // Replaces the current value -if any- with 'val'
reset(argument_type val)332     void reset ( argument_type val ) { assign(val); }
333 
334     // Returns a pointer to the value if this is initialized, otherwise,
335     // returns NULL.
336     // No-throw
get_ptr() const337     pointer_const_type get_ptr() const { return m_initialized ? get_ptr_impl() : 0 ; }
get_ptr()338     pointer_type       get_ptr()       { return m_initialized ? get_ptr_impl() : 0 ; }
339 
is_initialized() const340     bool is_initialized() const { return m_initialized ; }
341 
342   protected :
343 
construct(argument_type val)344     void construct ( argument_type val )
345      {
346        new (m_storage.address()) internal_type(val) ;
347        m_initialized = true ;
348      }
349 
350 #ifndef BOOST_OPTIONAL_NO_INPLACE_FACTORY_SUPPORT
351     // Constructs in-place using the given factory
352     template<class Expr>
construct(Expr const & factory,in_place_factory_base const *)353     void construct ( Expr const& factory, in_place_factory_base const* )
354      {
355        BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT ( ::boost::mpl::not_<is_reference_predicate>::value ) ;
356        boost_optional_detail::construct<value_type>(factory, m_storage.address());
357        m_initialized = true ;
358      }
359 
360     // Constructs in-place using the given typed factory
361     template<class Expr>
construct(Expr const & factory,typed_in_place_factory_base const *)362     void construct ( Expr const& factory, typed_in_place_factory_base const* )
363      {
364        BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT ( ::boost::mpl::not_<is_reference_predicate>::value ) ;
365        factory.apply(m_storage.address()) ;
366        m_initialized = true ;
367      }
368 
369     template<class Expr>
assign_expr_to_initialized(Expr const & factory,in_place_factory_base const * tag)370     void assign_expr_to_initialized ( Expr const& factory, in_place_factory_base const* tag )
371      {
372        destroy();
373        construct(factory,tag);
374      }
375 
376     // Constructs in-place using the given typed factory
377     template<class Expr>
assign_expr_to_initialized(Expr const & factory,typed_in_place_factory_base const * tag)378     void assign_expr_to_initialized ( Expr const& factory, typed_in_place_factory_base const* tag )
379      {
380        destroy();
381        construct(factory,tag);
382      }
383 #endif
384 
385     // Constructs using any expression implicitely convertible to the single argument
386     // of a one-argument T constructor.
387     // Converting constructions of optional<T> from optional<U> uses this function with
388     // 'Expr' being of type 'U' and relying on a converting constructor of T from U.
389     template<class Expr>
construct(Expr const & expr,void const *)390     void construct ( Expr const& expr, void const* )
391      {
392        new (m_storage.address()) internal_type(expr) ;
393        m_initialized = true ;
394      }
395 
396     // Assigns using a form any expression implicitely convertible to the single argument
397     // of a T's assignment operator.
398     // Converting assignments of optional<T> from optional<U> uses this function with
399     // 'Expr' being of type 'U' and relying on a converting assignment of T from U.
400     template<class Expr>
assign_expr_to_initialized(Expr const & expr,void const *)401     void assign_expr_to_initialized ( Expr const& expr, void const* )
402      {
403        assign_value(expr, is_reference_predicate());
404      }
405 
406 #ifdef BOOST_OPTIONAL_WEAK_OVERLOAD_RESOLUTION
407     // BCB5.64 (and probably lower versions) workaround.
408     //   The in-place factories are supported by means of catch-all constructors
409     //   and assignment operators (the functions are parameterized in terms of
410     //   an arbitrary 'Expr' type)
411     //   This compiler incorrectly resolves the overload set and sinks optional<T> and optional<U>
412     //   to the 'Expr'-taking functions even though explicit overloads are present for them.
413     //   Thus, the following overload is needed to properly handle the case when the 'lhs'
414     //   is another optional.
415     //
416     // For VC<=70 compilers this workaround dosen't work becasue the comnpiler issues and error
417     // instead of choosing the wrong overload
418     //
419     // Notice that 'Expr' will be optional<T> or optional<U> (but not optional_base<..>)
420     template<class Expr>
construct(Expr const & expr,optional_tag const *)421     void construct ( Expr const& expr, optional_tag const* )
422      {
423        if ( expr.is_initialized() )
424        {
425          // An exception can be thrown here.
426          // It it happens, THIS will be left uninitialized.
427          new (m_storage.address()) internal_type(expr.get()) ;
428          m_initialized = true ;
429        }
430      }
431 #endif
432 
assign_value(argument_type val,is_not_reference_tag)433     void assign_value ( argument_type val, is_not_reference_tag ) { get_impl() = val; }
assign_value(argument_type val,is_reference_tag)434     void assign_value ( argument_type val, is_reference_tag     ) { construct(val); }
435 
destroy()436     void destroy()
437     {
438       if ( m_initialized )
439         destroy_impl(is_reference_predicate()) ;
440     }
441 
safe_bool() const442     unspecified_bool_type safe_bool() const { return m_initialized ? &this_type::is_initialized : 0 ; }
443 
get_impl() const444     reference_const_type get_impl() const { return dereference(get_object(), is_reference_predicate() ) ; }
get_impl()445     reference_type       get_impl()       { return dereference(get_object(), is_reference_predicate() ) ; }
446 
get_ptr_impl() const447     pointer_const_type get_ptr_impl() const { return cast_ptr(get_object(), is_reference_predicate() ) ; }
get_ptr_impl()448     pointer_type       get_ptr_impl()       { return cast_ptr(get_object(), is_reference_predicate() ) ; }
449 
450   private :
451 
452     // internal_type can be either T or reference_content<T>
453 #if defined(BOOST_OPTIONAL_DETAIL_USE_ATTRIBUTE_MAY_ALIAS)
454     // This workaround is supposed to silence GCC warnings about broken strict aliasing rules
get_object() const455     internal_type const* get_object() const
456     {
457         union { void const* ap_pvoid; internal_type const* as_ptype; } caster = { m_storage.address() };
458         return caster.as_ptype;
459     }
get_object()460     internal_type *      get_object()
461     {
462         union { void* ap_pvoid; internal_type* as_ptype; } caster = { m_storage.address() };
463         return caster.as_ptype;
464     }
465 #else
466     internal_type const* get_object() const { return static_cast<internal_type const*>(m_storage.address()); }
467     internal_type *      get_object()       { return static_cast<internal_type *>     (m_storage.address()); }
468 #endif
469 
470     // reference_content<T> lacks an implicit conversion to T&, so the following is needed to obtain a proper reference.
dereference(internal_type const * p,is_not_reference_tag) const471     reference_const_type dereference( internal_type const* p, is_not_reference_tag ) const { return *p ; }
dereference(internal_type * p,is_not_reference_tag)472     reference_type       dereference( internal_type*       p, is_not_reference_tag )       { return *p ; }
dereference(internal_type const * p,is_reference_tag) const473     reference_const_type dereference( internal_type const* p, is_reference_tag     ) const { return p->get() ; }
dereference(internal_type * p,is_reference_tag)474     reference_type       dereference( internal_type*       p, is_reference_tag     )       { return p->get() ; }
475 
476 #if BOOST_WORKAROUND(__BORLANDC__, BOOST_TESTED_AT(0x581))
destroy_impl(is_not_reference_tag)477     void destroy_impl ( is_not_reference_tag ) { get_ptr_impl()->internal_type::~internal_type() ; m_initialized = false ; }
478 #else
destroy_impl(is_not_reference_tag)479     void destroy_impl ( is_not_reference_tag ) { get_ptr_impl()->T::~T() ; m_initialized = false ; }
480 #endif
481 
destroy_impl(is_reference_tag)482     void destroy_impl ( is_reference_tag     ) { m_initialized = false ; }
483 
484     // If T is of reference type, trying to get a pointer to the held value must result in a compile-time error.
485     // Decent compilers should disallow conversions from reference_content<T>* to T*, but just in case,
486     // the following olverloads are used to filter out the case and guarantee an error in case of T being a reference.
cast_ptr(internal_type const * p,is_not_reference_tag) const487     pointer_const_type cast_ptr( internal_type const* p, is_not_reference_tag ) const { return p ; }
cast_ptr(internal_type * p,is_not_reference_tag)488     pointer_type       cast_ptr( internal_type *      p, is_not_reference_tag )       { return p ; }
cast_ptr(internal_type const * p,is_reference_tag) const489     pointer_const_type cast_ptr( internal_type const* p, is_reference_tag     ) const { return &p->get() ; }
cast_ptr(internal_type * p,is_reference_tag)490     pointer_type       cast_ptr( internal_type *      p, is_reference_tag     )       { return &p->get() ; }
491 
492     bool m_initialized ;
493     storage_type m_storage ;
494 } ;
495 
496 } // namespace optional_detail
497 
498 template<class T>
499 class optional : public optional_detail::optional_base<T>
500 {
501     typedef optional_detail::optional_base<T> base ;
502 
503     typedef BOOST_DEDUCED_TYPENAME base::unspecified_bool_type  unspecified_bool_type ;
504 
505   public :
506 
507     typedef optional<T> this_type ;
508 
509     typedef BOOST_DEDUCED_TYPENAME base::value_type           value_type ;
510     typedef BOOST_DEDUCED_TYPENAME base::reference_type       reference_type ;
511     typedef BOOST_DEDUCED_TYPENAME base::reference_const_type reference_const_type ;
512     typedef BOOST_DEDUCED_TYPENAME base::pointer_type         pointer_type ;
513     typedef BOOST_DEDUCED_TYPENAME base::pointer_const_type   pointer_const_type ;
514     typedef BOOST_DEDUCED_TYPENAME base::argument_type        argument_type ;
515 
516     // Creates an optional<T> uninitialized.
517     // No-throw
optional()518     optional() : base() {}
519 
520     // Creates an optional<T> uninitialized.
521     // No-throw
optional(none_t none_)522     optional( none_t none_ ) : base(none_) {}
523 
524     // Creates an optional<T> initialized with 'val'.
525     // Can throw if T::T(T const&) does
optional(argument_type val)526     optional ( argument_type val ) : base(val) {}
527 
528     // Creates an optional<T> initialized with 'val' IFF cond is true, otherwise creates an uninitialized optional.
529     // Can throw if T::T(T const&) does
optional(bool cond,argument_type val)530     optional ( bool cond, argument_type val ) : base(cond,val) {}
531 
532 #ifndef BOOST_OPTIONAL_NO_CONVERTING_COPY_CTOR
533     // NOTE: MSVC needs templated versions first
534 
535     // Creates a deep copy of another convertible optional<U>
536     // Requires a valid conversion from U to T.
537     // Can throw if T::T(U const&) does
538     template<class U>
optional(optional<U> const & rhs)539     explicit optional ( optional<U> const& rhs )
540       :
541       base()
542     {
543       if ( rhs.is_initialized() )
544         this->construct(rhs.get());
545     }
546 #endif
547 
548 #ifndef BOOST_OPTIONAL_NO_INPLACE_FACTORY_SUPPORT
549     // Creates an optional<T> with an expression which can be either
550     //  (a) An instance of InPlaceFactory (i.e. in_place(a,b,...,n);
551     //  (b) An instance of TypedInPlaceFactory ( i.e. in_place<T>(a,b,...,n);
552     //  (c) Any expression implicitely convertible to the single type
553     //      of a one-argument T's constructor.
554     //  (d*) Weak compilers (BCB) might also resolved Expr as optional<T> and optional<U>
555     //       even though explicit overloads are present for these.
556     // Depending on the above some T ctor is called.
557     // Can throw is the resolved T ctor throws.
558     template<class Expr>
optional(Expr const & expr)559     explicit optional ( Expr const& expr ) : base(expr,boost::addressof(expr)) {}
560 #endif
561 
562     // Creates a deep copy of another optional<T>
563     // Can throw if T::T(T const&) does
optional(optional const & rhs)564     optional ( optional const& rhs ) : base( static_cast<base const&>(rhs) ) {}
565 
566    // No-throw (assuming T::~T() doesn't)
~optional()567     ~optional() {}
568 
569 #if !defined(BOOST_OPTIONAL_NO_INPLACE_FACTORY_SUPPORT) && !defined(BOOST_OPTIONAL_WEAK_OVERLOAD_RESOLUTION)
570     // Assigns from an expression. See corresponding constructor.
571     // Basic Guarantee: If the resolved T ctor throws, this is left UNINITIALIZED
572     template<class Expr>
operator =(Expr const & expr)573     optional& operator= ( Expr const& expr )
574       {
575         this->assign_expr(expr,boost::addressof(expr));
576         return *this ;
577       }
578 #endif
579 
580 
581 #ifndef BOOST_OPTIONAL_NO_CONVERTING_ASSIGNMENT
582     // Assigns from another convertible optional<U> (converts && deep-copies the rhs value)
583     // Requires a valid conversion from U to T.
584     // Basic Guarantee: If T::T( U const& ) throws, this is left UNINITIALIZED
585     template<class U>
operator =(optional<U> const & rhs)586     optional& operator= ( optional<U> const& rhs )
587       {
588         this->assign(rhs);
589         return *this ;
590       }
591 #endif
592 
593     // Assigns from another optional<T> (deep-copies the rhs value)
594     // Basic Guarantee: If T::T( T const& ) throws, this is left UNINITIALIZED
595     //  (NOTE: On BCB, this operator is not actually called and left is left UNMODIFIED in case of a throw)
operator =(optional const & rhs)596     optional& operator= ( optional const& rhs )
597       {
598         this->assign( static_cast<base const&>(rhs) ) ;
599         return *this ;
600       }
601 
602     // Assigns from a T (deep-copies the rhs value)
603     // Basic Guarantee: If T::( T const& ) throws, this is left UNINITIALIZED
operator =(argument_type val)604     optional& operator= ( argument_type val )
605       {
606         this->assign( val ) ;
607         return *this ;
608       }
609 
610     // Assigns from a "none"
611     // Which destroys the current value, if any, leaving this UNINITIALIZED
612     // No-throw (assuming T::~T() doesn't)
operator =(none_t none_)613     optional& operator= ( none_t none_ )
614       {
615         this->assign( none_ ) ;
616         return *this ;
617       }
618 
swap(optional & arg)619     void swap( optional & arg )
620       {
621         // allow for Koenig lookup
622         using boost::swap;
623         swap(*this, arg);
624       }
625 
626 
627     // Returns a reference to the value if this is initialized, otherwise,
628     // the behaviour is UNDEFINED
629     // No-throw
get() const630     reference_const_type get() const { BOOST_ASSERT(this->is_initialized()) ; return this->get_impl(); }
get()631     reference_type       get()       { BOOST_ASSERT(this->is_initialized()) ; return this->get_impl(); }
632 
633     // Returns a copy of the value if this is initialized, 'v' otherwise
get_value_or(reference_const_type v) const634     reference_const_type get_value_or ( reference_const_type v ) const { return this->is_initialized() ? get() : v ; }
get_value_or(reference_type v)635     reference_type       get_value_or ( reference_type       v )       { return this->is_initialized() ? get() : v ; }
636 
637     // Returns a pointer to the value if this is initialized, otherwise,
638     // the behaviour is UNDEFINED
639     // No-throw
operator ->() const640     pointer_const_type operator->() const { BOOST_ASSERT(this->is_initialized()) ; return this->get_ptr_impl() ; }
operator ->()641     pointer_type       operator->()       { BOOST_ASSERT(this->is_initialized()) ; return this->get_ptr_impl() ; }
642 
643     // Returns a reference to the value if this is initialized, otherwise,
644     // the behaviour is UNDEFINED
645     // No-throw
operator *() const646     reference_const_type operator *() const { return this->get() ; }
operator *()647     reference_type       operator *()       { return this->get() ; }
648 
649     // implicit conversion to "bool"
650     // No-throw
operator unspecified_bool_type() const651     operator unspecified_bool_type() const { return this->safe_bool() ; }
652 
653     // This is provided for those compilers which don't like the conversion to bool
654     // on some contexts.
operator !() const655     bool operator!() const { return !this->is_initialized() ; }
656 } ;
657 
658 // Returns optional<T>(v)
659 template<class T>
660 inline
make_optional(T const & v)661 optional<T> make_optional ( T const& v  )
662 {
663   return optional<T>(v);
664 }
665 
666 // Returns optional<T>(cond,v)
667 template<class T>
668 inline
make_optional(bool cond,T const & v)669 optional<T> make_optional ( bool cond, T const& v )
670 {
671   return optional<T>(cond,v);
672 }
673 
674 // Returns a reference to the value if this is initialized, otherwise, the behaviour is UNDEFINED.
675 // No-throw
676 template<class T>
677 inline
678 BOOST_DEDUCED_TYPENAME optional<T>::reference_const_type
get(optional<T> const & opt)679 get ( optional<T> const& opt )
680 {
681   return opt.get() ;
682 }
683 
684 template<class T>
685 inline
686 BOOST_DEDUCED_TYPENAME optional<T>::reference_type
get(optional<T> & opt)687 get ( optional<T>& opt )
688 {
689   return opt.get() ;
690 }
691 
692 // Returns a pointer to the value if this is initialized, otherwise, returns NULL.
693 // No-throw
694 template<class T>
695 inline
696 BOOST_DEDUCED_TYPENAME optional<T>::pointer_const_type
get(optional<T> const * opt)697 get ( optional<T> const* opt )
698 {
699   return opt->get_ptr() ;
700 }
701 
702 template<class T>
703 inline
704 BOOST_DEDUCED_TYPENAME optional<T>::pointer_type
get(optional<T> * opt)705 get ( optional<T>* opt )
706 {
707   return opt->get_ptr() ;
708 }
709 
710 // Returns a reference to the value if this is initialized, otherwise, the behaviour is UNDEFINED.
711 // No-throw
712 template<class T>
713 inline
714 BOOST_DEDUCED_TYPENAME optional<T>::reference_const_type
get_optional_value_or(optional<T> const & opt,BOOST_DEDUCED_TYPENAME optional<T>::reference_const_type v)715 get_optional_value_or ( optional<T> const& opt, BOOST_DEDUCED_TYPENAME optional<T>::reference_const_type v )
716 {
717   return opt.get_value_or(v) ;
718 }
719 
720 template<class T>
721 inline
722 BOOST_DEDUCED_TYPENAME optional<T>::reference_type
get_optional_value_or(optional<T> & opt,BOOST_DEDUCED_TYPENAME optional<T>::reference_type v)723 get_optional_value_or ( optional<T>& opt, BOOST_DEDUCED_TYPENAME optional<T>::reference_type v )
724 {
725   return opt.get_value_or(v) ;
726 }
727 
728 // Returns a pointer to the value if this is initialized, otherwise, returns NULL.
729 // No-throw
730 template<class T>
731 inline
732 BOOST_DEDUCED_TYPENAME optional<T>::pointer_const_type
get_pointer(optional<T> const & opt)733 get_pointer ( optional<T> const& opt )
734 {
735   return opt.get_ptr() ;
736 }
737 
738 template<class T>
739 inline
740 BOOST_DEDUCED_TYPENAME optional<T>::pointer_type
get_pointer(optional<T> & opt)741 get_pointer ( optional<T>& opt )
742 {
743   return opt.get_ptr() ;
744 }
745 
746 // optional's relational operators ( ==, !=, <, >, <=, >= ) have deep-semantics (compare values).
747 // WARNING: This is UNLIKE pointers. Use equal_pointees()/less_pointess() in generic code instead.
748 
749 
750 //
751 // optional<T> vs optional<T> cases
752 //
753 
754 template<class T>
755 inline
operator ==(optional<T> const & x,optional<T> const & y)756 bool operator == ( optional<T> const& x, optional<T> const& y )
757 { return equal_pointees(x,y); }
758 
759 template<class T>
760 inline
operator <(optional<T> const & x,optional<T> const & y)761 bool operator < ( optional<T> const& x, optional<T> const& y )
762 { return less_pointees(x,y); }
763 
764 template<class T>
765 inline
operator !=(optional<T> const & x,optional<T> const & y)766 bool operator != ( optional<T> const& x, optional<T> const& y )
767 { return !( x == y ) ; }
768 
769 template<class T>
770 inline
operator >(optional<T> const & x,optional<T> const & y)771 bool operator > ( optional<T> const& x, optional<T> const& y )
772 { return y < x ; }
773 
774 template<class T>
775 inline
operator <=(optional<T> const & x,optional<T> const & y)776 bool operator <= ( optional<T> const& x, optional<T> const& y )
777 { return !( y < x ) ; }
778 
779 template<class T>
780 inline
operator >=(optional<T> const & x,optional<T> const & y)781 bool operator >= ( optional<T> const& x, optional<T> const& y )
782 { return !( x < y ) ; }
783 
784 
785 //
786 // optional<T> vs T cases
787 //
788 template<class T>
789 inline
operator ==(optional<T> const & x,T const & y)790 bool operator == ( optional<T> const& x, T const& y )
791 { return equal_pointees(x, optional<T>(y)); }
792 
793 template<class T>
794 inline
operator <(optional<T> const & x,T const & y)795 bool operator < ( optional<T> const& x, T const& y )
796 { return less_pointees(x, optional<T>(y)); }
797 
798 template<class T>
799 inline
operator !=(optional<T> const & x,T const & y)800 bool operator != ( optional<T> const& x, T const& y )
801 { return !( x == y ) ; }
802 
803 template<class T>
804 inline
operator >(optional<T> const & x,T const & y)805 bool operator > ( optional<T> const& x, T const& y )
806 { return y < x ; }
807 
808 template<class T>
809 inline
operator <=(optional<T> const & x,T const & y)810 bool operator <= ( optional<T> const& x, T const& y )
811 { return !( y < x ) ; }
812 
813 template<class T>
814 inline
operator >=(optional<T> const & x,T const & y)815 bool operator >= ( optional<T> const& x, T const& y )
816 { return !( x < y ) ; }
817 
818 //
819 // T vs optional<T> cases
820 //
821 
822 template<class T>
823 inline
operator ==(T const & x,optional<T> const & y)824 bool operator == ( T const& x, optional<T> const& y )
825 { return equal_pointees( optional<T>(x), y ); }
826 
827 template<class T>
828 inline
operator <(T const & x,optional<T> const & y)829 bool operator < ( T const& x, optional<T> const& y )
830 { return less_pointees( optional<T>(x), y ); }
831 
832 template<class T>
833 inline
operator !=(T const & x,optional<T> const & y)834 bool operator != ( T const& x, optional<T> const& y )
835 { return !( x == y ) ; }
836 
837 template<class T>
838 inline
operator >(T const & x,optional<T> const & y)839 bool operator > ( T const& x, optional<T> const& y )
840 { return y < x ; }
841 
842 template<class T>
843 inline
operator <=(T const & x,optional<T> const & y)844 bool operator <= ( T const& x, optional<T> const& y )
845 { return !( y < x ) ; }
846 
847 template<class T>
848 inline
operator >=(T const & x,optional<T> const & y)849 bool operator >= ( T const& x, optional<T> const& y )
850 { return !( x < y ) ; }
851 
852 
853 //
854 // optional<T> vs none cases
855 //
856 
857 template<class T>
858 inline
operator ==(optional<T> const & x,none_t)859 bool operator == ( optional<T> const& x, none_t )
860 { return equal_pointees(x, optional<T>() ); }
861 
862 template<class T>
863 inline
operator <(optional<T> const & x,none_t)864 bool operator < ( optional<T> const& x, none_t )
865 { return less_pointees(x,optional<T>() ); }
866 
867 template<class T>
868 inline
operator !=(optional<T> const & x,none_t y)869 bool operator != ( optional<T> const& x, none_t y )
870 { return !( x == y ) ; }
871 
872 template<class T>
873 inline
operator >(optional<T> const & x,none_t y)874 bool operator > ( optional<T> const& x, none_t y )
875 { return y < x ; }
876 
877 template<class T>
878 inline
operator <=(optional<T> const & x,none_t y)879 bool operator <= ( optional<T> const& x, none_t y )
880 { return !( y < x ) ; }
881 
882 template<class T>
883 inline
operator >=(optional<T> const & x,none_t y)884 bool operator >= ( optional<T> const& x, none_t y )
885 { return !( x < y ) ; }
886 
887 //
888 // none vs optional<T> cases
889 //
890 
891 template<class T>
892 inline
operator ==(none_t,optional<T> const & y)893 bool operator == ( none_t , optional<T> const& y )
894 { return equal_pointees(optional<T>() ,y); }
895 
896 template<class T>
897 inline
operator <(none_t,optional<T> const & y)898 bool operator < ( none_t , optional<T> const& y )
899 { return less_pointees(optional<T>() ,y); }
900 
901 template<class T>
902 inline
operator !=(none_t x,optional<T> const & y)903 bool operator != ( none_t x, optional<T> const& y )
904 { return !( x == y ) ; }
905 
906 template<class T>
907 inline
operator >(none_t x,optional<T> const & y)908 bool operator > ( none_t x, optional<T> const& y )
909 { return y < x ; }
910 
911 template<class T>
912 inline
operator <=(none_t x,optional<T> const & y)913 bool operator <= ( none_t x, optional<T> const& y )
914 { return !( y < x ) ; }
915 
916 template<class T>
917 inline
operator >=(none_t x,optional<T> const & y)918 bool operator >= ( none_t x, optional<T> const& y )
919 { return !( x < y ) ; }
920 
921 namespace optional_detail {
922 
923 template<bool use_default_constructor> struct swap_selector;
924 
925 template<>
926 struct swap_selector<true>
927 {
928     template<class T>
optional_swapboost::optional_detail::swap_selector929     static void optional_swap ( optional<T>& x, optional<T>& y )
930     {
931         const bool hasX = !!x;
932         const bool hasY = !!y;
933 
934         if ( !hasX && !hasY )
935             return;
936 
937         if( !hasX )
938             x = boost::in_place();
939         else if ( !hasY )
940             y = boost::in_place();
941 
942         // Boost.Utility.Swap will take care of ADL and workarounds for broken compilers
943         boost::swap(x.get(),y.get());
944 
945         if( !hasX )
946             y = boost::none ;
947         else if( !hasY )
948             x = boost::none ;
949     }
950 };
951 
952 template<>
953 struct swap_selector<false>
954 {
955     template<class T>
optional_swapboost::optional_detail::swap_selector956     static void optional_swap ( optional<T>& x, optional<T>& y )
957     {
958         const bool hasX = !!x;
959         const bool hasY = !!y;
960 
961         if ( !hasX && hasY )
962         {
963             x = y.get();
964             y = boost::none ;
965         }
966         else if ( hasX && !hasY )
967         {
968             y = x.get();
969             x = boost::none ;
970         }
971         else if ( hasX && hasY )
972         {
973             // Boost.Utility.Swap will take care of ADL and workarounds for broken compilers
974             boost::swap(x.get(),y.get());
975         }
976     }
977 };
978 
979 } // namespace optional_detail
980 
981 template<class T>
982 struct optional_swap_should_use_default_constructor : has_nothrow_default_constructor<T> {} ;
983 
swap(optional<T> & x,optional<T> & y)984 template<class T> inline void swap ( optional<T>& x, optional<T>& y )
985 {
986     optional_detail::swap_selector<optional_swap_should_use_default_constructor<T>::value>::optional_swap(x, y);
987 }
988 
989 } // namespace boost
990 
991 #endif
992