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1 //===--- MemoryBuffer.cpp - Memory Buffer implementation ------------------===//
2 //
3 //                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
4 //
5 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
6 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
7 //
8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
9 //
10 //  This file implements the MemoryBuffer interface.
11 //
12 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
13 
14 #include "llvm/Support/MemoryBuffer.h"
15 #include "llvm/ADT/SmallString.h"
16 #include "llvm/Config/config.h"
17 #include "llvm/Support/Errc.h"
18 #include "llvm/Support/Errno.h"
19 #include "llvm/Support/FileSystem.h"
20 #include "llvm/Support/MathExtras.h"
21 #include "llvm/Support/Path.h"
22 #include "llvm/Support/Process.h"
23 #include "llvm/Support/Program.h"
24 #include <cassert>
25 #include <cerrno>
26 #include <cstdio>
27 #include <cstring>
28 #include <new>
29 #include <sys/types.h>
30 #include <system_error>
31 #if !defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(__MINGW32__)
32 #include <unistd.h>
33 #else
34 #include <io.h>
35 #endif
36 using namespace llvm;
37 
38 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
39 // MemoryBuffer implementation itself.
40 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
41 
~MemoryBuffer()42 MemoryBuffer::~MemoryBuffer() { }
43 
44 /// init - Initialize this MemoryBuffer as a reference to externally allocated
45 /// memory, memory that we know is already null terminated.
init(const char * BufStart,const char * BufEnd,bool RequiresNullTerminator)46 void MemoryBuffer::init(const char *BufStart, const char *BufEnd,
47                         bool RequiresNullTerminator) {
48   assert((!RequiresNullTerminator || BufEnd[0] == 0) &&
49          "Buffer is not null terminated!");
50   BufferStart = BufStart;
51   BufferEnd = BufEnd;
52 }
53 
54 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
55 // MemoryBufferMem implementation.
56 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
57 
58 /// CopyStringRef - Copies contents of a StringRef into a block of memory and
59 /// null-terminates it.
CopyStringRef(char * Memory,StringRef Data)60 static void CopyStringRef(char *Memory, StringRef Data) {
61   memcpy(Memory, Data.data(), Data.size());
62   Memory[Data.size()] = 0; // Null terminate string.
63 }
64 
65 namespace {
66 struct NamedBufferAlloc {
67   StringRef Name;
NamedBufferAlloc__anonb600aac80111::NamedBufferAlloc68   NamedBufferAlloc(StringRef Name) : Name(Name) {}
69 };
70 }
71 
operator new(size_t N,const NamedBufferAlloc & Alloc)72 void *operator new(size_t N, const NamedBufferAlloc &Alloc) {
73   char *Mem = static_cast<char *>(operator new(N + Alloc.Name.size() + 1));
74   CopyStringRef(Mem + N, Alloc.Name);
75   return Mem;
76 }
77 
78 namespace {
79 /// MemoryBufferMem - Named MemoryBuffer pointing to a block of memory.
80 class MemoryBufferMem : public MemoryBuffer {
81 public:
MemoryBufferMem(StringRef InputData,bool RequiresNullTerminator)82   MemoryBufferMem(StringRef InputData, bool RequiresNullTerminator) {
83     init(InputData.begin(), InputData.end(), RequiresNullTerminator);
84   }
85 
getBufferIdentifier() const86   const char *getBufferIdentifier() const override {
87      // The name is stored after the class itself.
88     return reinterpret_cast<const char*>(this + 1);
89   }
90 
getBufferKind() const91   BufferKind getBufferKind() const override {
92     return MemoryBuffer_Malloc;
93   }
94 };
95 }
96 
97 /// getMemBuffer - Open the specified memory range as a MemoryBuffer.  Note
98 /// that InputData must be a null terminated if RequiresNullTerminator is true!
getMemBuffer(StringRef InputData,StringRef BufferName,bool RequiresNullTerminator)99 MemoryBuffer *MemoryBuffer::getMemBuffer(StringRef InputData,
100                                          StringRef BufferName,
101                                          bool RequiresNullTerminator) {
102   return new (NamedBufferAlloc(BufferName))
103       MemoryBufferMem(InputData, RequiresNullTerminator);
104 }
105 
106 /// getMemBufferCopy - Open the specified memory range as a MemoryBuffer,
107 /// copying the contents and taking ownership of it.  This has no requirements
108 /// on EndPtr[0].
getMemBufferCopy(StringRef InputData,StringRef BufferName)109 MemoryBuffer *MemoryBuffer::getMemBufferCopy(StringRef InputData,
110                                              StringRef BufferName) {
111   MemoryBuffer *Buf = getNewUninitMemBuffer(InputData.size(), BufferName);
112   if (!Buf) return nullptr;
113   memcpy(const_cast<char*>(Buf->getBufferStart()), InputData.data(),
114          InputData.size());
115   return Buf;
116 }
117 
118 /// getNewUninitMemBuffer - Allocate a new MemoryBuffer of the specified size
119 /// that is not initialized.  Note that the caller should initialize the
120 /// memory allocated by this method.  The memory is owned by the MemoryBuffer
121 /// object.
getNewUninitMemBuffer(size_t Size,StringRef BufferName)122 MemoryBuffer *MemoryBuffer::getNewUninitMemBuffer(size_t Size,
123                                                   StringRef BufferName) {
124   // Allocate space for the MemoryBuffer, the data and the name. It is important
125   // that MemoryBuffer and data are aligned so PointerIntPair works with them.
126   // TODO: Is 16-byte alignment enough?  We copy small object files with large
127   // alignment expectations into this buffer.
128   size_t AlignedStringLen =
129       RoundUpToAlignment(sizeof(MemoryBufferMem) + BufferName.size() + 1, 16);
130   size_t RealLen = AlignedStringLen + Size + 1;
131   char *Mem = static_cast<char*>(operator new(RealLen, std::nothrow));
132   if (!Mem) return nullptr;
133 
134   // The name is stored after the class itself.
135   CopyStringRef(Mem + sizeof(MemoryBufferMem), BufferName);
136 
137   // The buffer begins after the name and must be aligned.
138   char *Buf = Mem + AlignedStringLen;
139   Buf[Size] = 0; // Null terminate buffer.
140 
141   return new (Mem) MemoryBufferMem(StringRef(Buf, Size), true);
142 }
143 
144 /// getNewMemBuffer - Allocate a new MemoryBuffer of the specified size that
145 /// is completely initialized to zeros.  Note that the caller should
146 /// initialize the memory allocated by this method.  The memory is owned by
147 /// the MemoryBuffer object.
getNewMemBuffer(size_t Size,StringRef BufferName)148 MemoryBuffer *MemoryBuffer::getNewMemBuffer(size_t Size, StringRef BufferName) {
149   MemoryBuffer *SB = getNewUninitMemBuffer(Size, BufferName);
150   if (!SB) return nullptr;
151   memset(const_cast<char*>(SB->getBufferStart()), 0, Size);
152   return SB;
153 }
154 
155 ErrorOr<std::unique_ptr<MemoryBuffer>>
getFileOrSTDIN(StringRef Filename,int64_t FileSize)156 MemoryBuffer::getFileOrSTDIN(StringRef Filename, int64_t FileSize) {
157   if (Filename == "-")
158     return getSTDIN();
159   return getFile(Filename, FileSize);
160 }
161 
162 
163 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
164 // MemoryBuffer::getFile implementation.
165 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
166 
167 namespace {
168 /// \brief Memory maps a file descriptor using sys::fs::mapped_file_region.
169 ///
170 /// This handles converting the offset into a legal offset on the platform.
171 class MemoryBufferMMapFile : public MemoryBuffer {
172   sys::fs::mapped_file_region MFR;
173 
getLegalMapOffset(uint64_t Offset)174   static uint64_t getLegalMapOffset(uint64_t Offset) {
175     return Offset & ~(sys::fs::mapped_file_region::alignment() - 1);
176   }
177 
getLegalMapSize(uint64_t Len,uint64_t Offset)178   static uint64_t getLegalMapSize(uint64_t Len, uint64_t Offset) {
179     return Len + (Offset - getLegalMapOffset(Offset));
180   }
181 
getStart(uint64_t Len,uint64_t Offset)182   const char *getStart(uint64_t Len, uint64_t Offset) {
183     return MFR.const_data() + (Offset - getLegalMapOffset(Offset));
184   }
185 
186 public:
MemoryBufferMMapFile(bool RequiresNullTerminator,int FD,uint64_t Len,uint64_t Offset,std::error_code EC)187   MemoryBufferMMapFile(bool RequiresNullTerminator, int FD, uint64_t Len,
188                        uint64_t Offset, std::error_code EC)
189       : MFR(FD, false, sys::fs::mapped_file_region::readonly,
190             getLegalMapSize(Len, Offset), getLegalMapOffset(Offset), EC) {
191     if (!EC) {
192       const char *Start = getStart(Len, Offset);
193       init(Start, Start + Len, RequiresNullTerminator);
194     }
195   }
196 
getBufferIdentifier() const197   const char *getBufferIdentifier() const override {
198     // The name is stored after the class itself.
199     return reinterpret_cast<const char *>(this + 1);
200   }
201 
getBufferKind() const202   BufferKind getBufferKind() const override {
203     return MemoryBuffer_MMap;
204   }
205 };
206 }
207 
208 static ErrorOr<std::unique_ptr<MemoryBuffer>>
getMemoryBufferForStream(int FD,StringRef BufferName)209 getMemoryBufferForStream(int FD, StringRef BufferName) {
210   const ssize_t ChunkSize = 4096*4;
211   SmallString<ChunkSize> Buffer;
212   ssize_t ReadBytes;
213   // Read into Buffer until we hit EOF.
214   do {
215     Buffer.reserve(Buffer.size() + ChunkSize);
216     ReadBytes = read(FD, Buffer.end(), ChunkSize);
217     if (ReadBytes == -1) {
218       if (errno == EINTR) continue;
219       return std::error_code(errno, std::generic_category());
220     }
221     Buffer.set_size(Buffer.size() + ReadBytes);
222   } while (ReadBytes != 0);
223 
224   std::unique_ptr<MemoryBuffer> Ret(
225       MemoryBuffer::getMemBufferCopy(Buffer, BufferName));
226   return std::move(Ret);
227 }
228 
229 static ErrorOr<std::unique_ptr<MemoryBuffer>>
230 getFileAux(const char *Filename, int64_t FileSize, bool RequiresNullTerminator,
231            bool IsVolatileSize);
232 
233 ErrorOr<std::unique_ptr<MemoryBuffer>>
getFile(Twine Filename,int64_t FileSize,bool RequiresNullTerminator,bool IsVolatileSize)234 MemoryBuffer::getFile(Twine Filename, int64_t FileSize,
235                       bool RequiresNullTerminator, bool IsVolatileSize) {
236   // Ensure the path is null terminated.
237   SmallString<256> PathBuf;
238   StringRef NullTerminatedName = Filename.toNullTerminatedStringRef(PathBuf);
239   return getFileAux(NullTerminatedName.data(), FileSize, RequiresNullTerminator,
240                     IsVolatileSize);
241 }
242 
243 static ErrorOr<std::unique_ptr<MemoryBuffer>>
244 getOpenFileImpl(int FD, const char *Filename, uint64_t FileSize,
245                 uint64_t MapSize, int64_t Offset, bool RequiresNullTerminator,
246                 bool IsVolatileSize);
247 
248 static ErrorOr<std::unique_ptr<MemoryBuffer>>
getFileAux(const char * Filename,int64_t FileSize,bool RequiresNullTerminator,bool IsVolatileSize)249 getFileAux(const char *Filename, int64_t FileSize, bool RequiresNullTerminator,
250            bool IsVolatileSize) {
251   int FD;
252   std::error_code EC = sys::fs::openFileForRead(Filename, FD);
253   if (EC)
254     return EC;
255 
256   ErrorOr<std::unique_ptr<MemoryBuffer>> Ret =
257       getOpenFileImpl(FD, Filename, FileSize, FileSize, 0,
258                       RequiresNullTerminator, IsVolatileSize);
259   close(FD);
260   return Ret;
261 }
262 
shouldUseMmap(int FD,size_t FileSize,size_t MapSize,off_t Offset,bool RequiresNullTerminator,int PageSize,bool IsVolatileSize)263 static bool shouldUseMmap(int FD,
264                           size_t FileSize,
265                           size_t MapSize,
266                           off_t Offset,
267                           bool RequiresNullTerminator,
268                           int PageSize,
269                           bool IsVolatileSize) {
270   // mmap may leave the buffer without null terminator if the file size changed
271   // by the time the last page is mapped in, so avoid it if the file size is
272   // likely to change.
273   if (IsVolatileSize)
274     return false;
275 
276   // We don't use mmap for small files because this can severely fragment our
277   // address space.
278   if (MapSize < 4 * 4096 || MapSize < (unsigned)PageSize)
279     return false;
280 
281   if (!RequiresNullTerminator)
282     return true;
283 
284 
285   // If we don't know the file size, use fstat to find out.  fstat on an open
286   // file descriptor is cheaper than stat on a random path.
287   // FIXME: this chunk of code is duplicated, but it avoids a fstat when
288   // RequiresNullTerminator = false and MapSize != -1.
289   if (FileSize == size_t(-1)) {
290     sys::fs::file_status Status;
291     if (sys::fs::status(FD, Status))
292       return false;
293     FileSize = Status.getSize();
294   }
295 
296   // If we need a null terminator and the end of the map is inside the file,
297   // we cannot use mmap.
298   size_t End = Offset + MapSize;
299   assert(End <= FileSize);
300   if (End != FileSize)
301     return false;
302 
303   // Don't try to map files that are exactly a multiple of the system page size
304   // if we need a null terminator.
305   if ((FileSize & (PageSize -1)) == 0)
306     return false;
307 
308   return true;
309 }
310 
311 static ErrorOr<std::unique_ptr<MemoryBuffer>>
getOpenFileImpl(int FD,const char * Filename,uint64_t FileSize,uint64_t MapSize,int64_t Offset,bool RequiresNullTerminator,bool IsVolatileSize)312 getOpenFileImpl(int FD, const char *Filename, uint64_t FileSize,
313                 uint64_t MapSize, int64_t Offset, bool RequiresNullTerminator,
314                 bool IsVolatileSize) {
315   static int PageSize = sys::process::get_self()->page_size();
316 
317   // Default is to map the full file.
318   if (MapSize == uint64_t(-1)) {
319     // If we don't know the file size, use fstat to find out.  fstat on an open
320     // file descriptor is cheaper than stat on a random path.
321     if (FileSize == uint64_t(-1)) {
322       sys::fs::file_status Status;
323       std::error_code EC = sys::fs::status(FD, Status);
324       if (EC)
325         return EC;
326 
327       // If this not a file or a block device (e.g. it's a named pipe
328       // or character device), we can't trust the size. Create the memory
329       // buffer by copying off the stream.
330       sys::fs::file_type Type = Status.type();
331       if (Type != sys::fs::file_type::regular_file &&
332           Type != sys::fs::file_type::block_file)
333         return getMemoryBufferForStream(FD, Filename);
334 
335       FileSize = Status.getSize();
336     }
337     MapSize = FileSize;
338   }
339 
340   if (shouldUseMmap(FD, FileSize, MapSize, Offset, RequiresNullTerminator,
341                     PageSize, IsVolatileSize)) {
342     std::error_code EC;
343     std::unique_ptr<MemoryBuffer> Result(
344         new (NamedBufferAlloc(Filename))
345         MemoryBufferMMapFile(RequiresNullTerminator, FD, MapSize, Offset, EC));
346     if (!EC)
347       return std::move(Result);
348   }
349 
350   MemoryBuffer *Buf = MemoryBuffer::getNewUninitMemBuffer(MapSize, Filename);
351   if (!Buf) {
352     // Failed to create a buffer. The only way it can fail is if
353     // new(std::nothrow) returns 0.
354     return make_error_code(errc::not_enough_memory);
355   }
356 
357   std::unique_ptr<MemoryBuffer> SB(Buf);
358   char *BufPtr = const_cast<char*>(SB->getBufferStart());
359 
360   size_t BytesLeft = MapSize;
361 #ifndef HAVE_PREAD
362   if (lseek(FD, Offset, SEEK_SET) == -1)
363     return std::error_code(errno, std::generic_category());
364 #endif
365 
366   while (BytesLeft) {
367 #ifdef HAVE_PREAD
368     ssize_t NumRead = ::pread(FD, BufPtr, BytesLeft, MapSize-BytesLeft+Offset);
369 #else
370     ssize_t NumRead = ::read(FD, BufPtr, BytesLeft);
371 #endif
372     if (NumRead == -1) {
373       if (errno == EINTR)
374         continue;
375       // Error while reading.
376       return std::error_code(errno, std::generic_category());
377     }
378     if (NumRead == 0) {
379       memset(BufPtr, 0, BytesLeft); // zero-initialize rest of the buffer.
380       break;
381     }
382     BytesLeft -= NumRead;
383     BufPtr += NumRead;
384   }
385 
386   return std::move(SB);
387 }
388 
389 ErrorOr<std::unique_ptr<MemoryBuffer>>
getOpenFile(int FD,const char * Filename,uint64_t FileSize,bool RequiresNullTerminator,bool IsVolatileSize)390 MemoryBuffer::getOpenFile(int FD, const char *Filename, uint64_t FileSize,
391                           bool RequiresNullTerminator, bool IsVolatileSize) {
392   return getOpenFileImpl(FD, Filename, FileSize, FileSize, 0,
393                          RequiresNullTerminator, IsVolatileSize);
394 }
395 
396 ErrorOr<std::unique_ptr<MemoryBuffer>>
getOpenFileSlice(int FD,const char * Filename,uint64_t MapSize,int64_t Offset,bool IsVolatileSize)397 MemoryBuffer::getOpenFileSlice(int FD, const char *Filename, uint64_t MapSize,
398                                int64_t Offset, bool IsVolatileSize) {
399   return getOpenFileImpl(FD, Filename, -1, MapSize, Offset, false,
400                          IsVolatileSize);
401 }
402 
getSTDIN()403 ErrorOr<std::unique_ptr<MemoryBuffer>> MemoryBuffer::getSTDIN() {
404   // Read in all of the data from stdin, we cannot mmap stdin.
405   //
406   // FIXME: That isn't necessarily true, we should try to mmap stdin and
407   // fallback if it fails.
408   sys::ChangeStdinToBinary();
409 
410   return getMemoryBufferForStream(0, "<stdin>");
411 }
412