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1 // Copyright 2005, Google Inc.
2 // All rights reserved.
3 //
4 // Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
5 // modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
6 // met:
7 //
8 //     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9 // notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10 //     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
11 // copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
12 // in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
13 // distribution.
14 //     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
15 // contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
16 // this software without specific prior written permission.
17 //
18 // THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
19 // "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
20 // LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
21 // A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
22 // OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
23 // SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
24 // LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
25 // DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
26 // THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
27 // (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
28 // OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
29 //
30 // Authors: wan@google.com (Zhanyong Wan)
31 //
32 // Low-level types and utilities for porting Google Test to various
33 // platforms.  They are subject to change without notice.  DO NOT USE
34 // THEM IN USER CODE.
35 //
36 // This file is fundamental to Google Test.  All other Google Test source
37 // files are expected to #include this.  Therefore, it cannot #include
38 // any other Google Test header.
39 
40 #ifndef GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_PORT_H_
41 #define GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_PORT_H_
42 
43 // The user can define the following macros in the build script to
44 // control Google Test's behavior.  If the user doesn't define a macro
45 // in this list, Google Test will define it.
46 //
47 //   GTEST_HAS_CLONE          - Define it to 1/0 to indicate that clone(2)
48 //                              is/isn't available.
49 //   GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS     - Define it to 1/0 to indicate that exceptions
50 //                              are enabled.
51 //   GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_STRING  - Define it to 1/0 to indicate that ::string
52 //                              is/isn't available (some systems define
53 //                              ::string, which is different to std::string).
54 //   GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_WSTRING - Define it to 1/0 to indicate that ::string
55 //                              is/isn't available (some systems define
56 //                              ::wstring, which is different to std::wstring).
57 //   GTEST_HAS_POSIX_RE       - Define it to 1/0 to indicate that POSIX regular
58 //                              expressions are/aren't available.
59 //   GTEST_HAS_PTHREAD        - Define it to 1/0 to indicate that <pthread.h>
60 //                              is/isn't available.
61 //   GTEST_HAS_RTTI           - Define it to 1/0 to indicate that RTTI is/isn't
62 //                              enabled.
63 //   GTEST_HAS_STD_WSTRING    - Define it to 1/0 to indicate that
64 //                              std::wstring does/doesn't work (Google Test can
65 //                              be used where std::wstring is unavailable).
66 //   GTEST_HAS_TR1_TUPLE      - Define it to 1/0 to indicate tr1::tuple
67 //                              is/isn't available.
68 //   GTEST_HAS_SEH            - Define it to 1/0 to indicate whether the
69 //                              compiler supports Microsoft's "Structured
70 //                              Exception Handling".
71 //   GTEST_HAS_STREAM_REDIRECTION
72 //                            - Define it to 1/0 to indicate whether the
73 //                              platform supports I/O stream redirection using
74 //                              dup() and dup2().
75 //   GTEST_USE_OWN_TR1_TUPLE  - Define it to 1/0 to indicate whether Google
76 //                              Test's own tr1 tuple implementation should be
77 //                              used.  Unused when the user sets
78 //                              GTEST_HAS_TR1_TUPLE to 0.
79 //   GTEST_LANG_CXX11         - Define it to 1/0 to indicate that Google Test
80 //                              is building in C++11/C++98 mode.
81 //   GTEST_LINKED_AS_SHARED_LIBRARY
82 //                            - Define to 1 when compiling tests that use
83 //                              Google Test as a shared library (known as
84 //                              DLL on Windows).
85 //   GTEST_CREATE_SHARED_LIBRARY
86 //                            - Define to 1 when compiling Google Test itself
87 //                              as a shared library.
88 
89 // This header defines the following utilities:
90 //
91 // Macros indicating the current platform (defined to 1 if compiled on
92 // the given platform; otherwise undefined):
93 //   GTEST_OS_AIX      - IBM AIX
94 //   GTEST_OS_CYGWIN   - Cygwin
95 //   GTEST_OS_HPUX     - HP-UX
96 //   GTEST_OS_LINUX    - Linux
97 //     GTEST_OS_LINUX_ANDROID - Google Android
98 //   GTEST_OS_MAC      - Mac OS X
99 //     GTEST_OS_IOS    - iOS
100 //       GTEST_OS_IOS_SIMULATOR - iOS simulator
101 //   GTEST_OS_NACL     - Google Native Client (NaCl)
102 //   GTEST_OS_OPENBSD  - OpenBSD
103 //   GTEST_OS_QNX      - QNX
104 //   GTEST_OS_SOLARIS  - Sun Solaris
105 //   GTEST_OS_SYMBIAN  - Symbian
106 //   GTEST_OS_WINDOWS  - Windows (Desktop, MinGW, or Mobile)
107 //     GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_DESKTOP  - Windows Desktop
108 //     GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MINGW    - MinGW
109 //     GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE   - Windows Mobile
110 //   GTEST_OS_ZOS      - z/OS
111 //
112 // Among the platforms, Cygwin, Linux, Max OS X, and Windows have the
113 // most stable support.  Since core members of the Google Test project
114 // don't have access to other platforms, support for them may be less
115 // stable.  If you notice any problems on your platform, please notify
116 // googletestframework@googlegroups.com (patches for fixing them are
117 // even more welcome!).
118 //
119 // Note that it is possible that none of the GTEST_OS_* macros are defined.
120 //
121 // Macros indicating available Google Test features (defined to 1 if
122 // the corresponding feature is supported; otherwise undefined):
123 //   GTEST_HAS_COMBINE      - the Combine() function (for value-parameterized
124 //                            tests)
125 //   GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST   - death tests
126 //   GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST   - value-parameterized tests
127 //   GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST   - typed tests
128 //   GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST_P - type-parameterized tests
129 //   GTEST_USES_POSIX_RE    - enhanced POSIX regex is used. Do not confuse with
130 //                            GTEST_HAS_POSIX_RE (see above) which users can
131 //                            define themselves.
132 //   GTEST_USES_SIMPLE_RE   - our own simple regex is used;
133 //                            the above two are mutually exclusive.
134 //   GTEST_CAN_COMPARE_NULL - accepts untyped NULL in EXPECT_EQ().
135 //
136 // Macros for basic C++ coding:
137 //   GTEST_AMBIGUOUS_ELSE_BLOCKER_ - for disabling a gcc warning.
138 //   GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED_  - declares that a class' instances or a
139 //                              variable don't have to be used.
140 //   GTEST_DISALLOW_ASSIGN_   - disables operator=.
141 //   GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_ - disables copy ctor and operator=.
142 //   GTEST_MUST_USE_RESULT_   - declares that a function's result must be used.
143 //
144 // Synchronization:
145 //   Mutex, MutexLock, ThreadLocal, GetThreadCount()
146 //                  - synchronization primitives.
147 //   GTEST_IS_THREADSAFE - defined to 1 to indicate that the above
148 //                         synchronization primitives have real implementations
149 //                         and Google Test is thread-safe; or 0 otherwise.
150 //
151 // Template meta programming:
152 //   is_pointer     - as in TR1; needed on Symbian and IBM XL C/C++ only.
153 //   IteratorTraits - partial implementation of std::iterator_traits, which
154 //                    is not available in libCstd when compiled with Sun C++.
155 //
156 // Smart pointers:
157 //   scoped_ptr     - as in TR2.
158 //
159 // Regular expressions:
160 //   RE             - a simple regular expression class using the POSIX
161 //                    Extended Regular Expression syntax on UNIX-like
162 //                    platforms, or a reduced regular exception syntax on
163 //                    other platforms, including Windows.
164 //
165 // Logging:
166 //   GTEST_LOG_()   - logs messages at the specified severity level.
167 //   LogToStderr()  - directs all log messages to stderr.
168 //   FlushInfoLog() - flushes informational log messages.
169 //
170 // Stdout and stderr capturing:
171 //   CaptureStdout()     - starts capturing stdout.
172 //   GetCapturedStdout() - stops capturing stdout and returns the captured
173 //                         string.
174 //   CaptureStderr()     - starts capturing stderr.
175 //   GetCapturedStderr() - stops capturing stderr and returns the captured
176 //                         string.
177 //
178 // Integer types:
179 //   TypeWithSize   - maps an integer to a int type.
180 //   Int32, UInt32, Int64, UInt64, TimeInMillis
181 //                  - integers of known sizes.
182 //   BiggestInt     - the biggest signed integer type.
183 //
184 // Command-line utilities:
185 //   GTEST_FLAG()       - references a flag.
186 //   GTEST_DECLARE_*()  - declares a flag.
187 //   GTEST_DEFINE_*()   - defines a flag.
188 //   GetInjectableArgvs() - returns the command line as a vector of strings.
189 //
190 // Environment variable utilities:
191 //   GetEnv()             - gets the value of an environment variable.
192 //   BoolFromGTestEnv()   - parses a bool environment variable.
193 //   Int32FromGTestEnv()  - parses an Int32 environment variable.
194 //   StringFromGTestEnv() - parses a string environment variable.
195 
196 #include <ctype.h>   // for isspace, etc
197 #include <stddef.h>  // for ptrdiff_t
198 #include <stdlib.h>
199 #include <stdio.h>
200 #include <string.h>
201 #ifndef _WIN32_WCE
202 # include <sys/types.h>
203 # include <sys/stat.h>
204 #endif  // !_WIN32_WCE
205 
206 #if defined __APPLE__
207 # include <AvailabilityMacros.h>
208 # include <TargetConditionals.h>
209 #endif
210 
211 #include <iostream>  // NOLINT
212 #include <sstream>  // NOLINT
213 #include <string>  // NOLINT
214 
215 #define GTEST_DEV_EMAIL_ "googletestframework@@googlegroups.com"
216 #define GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_ "gtest_"
217 #define GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_DASH_ "gtest-"
218 #define GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_UPPER_ "GTEST_"
219 #define GTEST_NAME_ "Google Test"
220 #define GTEST_PROJECT_URL_ "http://code.google.com/p/googletest/"
221 
222 // Determines the version of gcc that is used to compile this.
223 #ifdef __GNUC__
224 // 40302 means version 4.3.2.
225 # define GTEST_GCC_VER_ \
226     (__GNUC__*10000 + __GNUC_MINOR__*100 + __GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__)
227 #endif  // __GNUC__
228 
229 // Determines the platform on which Google Test is compiled.
230 #ifdef __CYGWIN__
231 # define GTEST_OS_CYGWIN 1
232 #elif defined __SYMBIAN32__
233 # define GTEST_OS_SYMBIAN 1
234 #elif defined _WIN32
235 # define GTEST_OS_WINDOWS 1
236 # ifdef _WIN32_WCE
237 #  define GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE 1
238 # elif defined(__MINGW__) || defined(__MINGW32__)
239 #  define GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MINGW 1
240 # else
241 #  define GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_DESKTOP 1
242 # endif  // _WIN32_WCE
243 #elif defined __APPLE__
244 # define GTEST_OS_MAC 1
245 # if TARGET_OS_IPHONE
246 #  define GTEST_OS_IOS 1
247 #  if TARGET_IPHONE_SIMULATOR
248 #   define GTEST_OS_IOS_SIMULATOR 1
249 #  endif
250 # endif
251 #elif defined __linux__
252 # define GTEST_OS_LINUX 1
253 # if defined __ANDROID__
254 #  define GTEST_OS_LINUX_ANDROID 1
255 # endif
256 #elif defined __MVS__
257 # define GTEST_OS_ZOS 1
258 #elif defined(__sun) && defined(__SVR4)
259 # define GTEST_OS_SOLARIS 1
260 #elif defined(_AIX)
261 # define GTEST_OS_AIX 1
262 #elif defined(__hpux)
263 # define GTEST_OS_HPUX 1
264 #elif defined __native_client__
265 # define GTEST_OS_NACL 1
266 #elif defined __OpenBSD__
267 # define GTEST_OS_OPENBSD 1
268 #elif defined __QNX__
269 # define GTEST_OS_QNX 1
270 #endif  // __CYGWIN__
271 
272 #ifndef GTEST_LANG_CXX11
273 // gcc and clang define __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__ when
274 // -std={c,gnu}++{0x,11} is passed.  The C++11 standard specifies a
275 // value for __cplusplus, and recent versions of clang, gcc, and
276 // probably other compilers set that too in C++11 mode.
277 # if __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__ || __cplusplus >= 201103L
278 // Compiling in at least C++11 mode.
279 #  define GTEST_LANG_CXX11 1
280 # else
281 #  define GTEST_LANG_CXX11 0
282 # endif
283 #endif
284 
285 // Brings in definitions for functions used in the testing::internal::posix
286 // namespace (read, write, close, chdir, isatty, stat). We do not currently
287 // use them on Windows Mobile.
288 #if !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
289 // This assumes that non-Windows OSes provide unistd.h. For OSes where this
290 // is not the case, we need to include headers that provide the functions
291 // mentioned above.
292 # include <unistd.h>
293 # include <strings.h>
294 #elif !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
295 # include <direct.h>
296 # include <io.h>
297 #endif
298 
299 #if GTEST_OS_LINUX_ANDROID
300 // Used to define __ANDROID_API__ matching the target NDK API level.
301 #  include <android/api-level.h>  // NOLINT
302 #endif
303 
304 // Defines this to true iff Google Test can use POSIX regular expressions.
305 #ifndef GTEST_HAS_POSIX_RE
306 # if GTEST_OS_LINUX_ANDROID
307 // On Android, <regex.h> is only available starting with Gingerbread.
308 #  define GTEST_HAS_POSIX_RE (__ANDROID_API__ >= 9)
309 # else
310 #  define GTEST_HAS_POSIX_RE (!GTEST_OS_WINDOWS)
311 # endif
312 #endif
313 
314 #if GTEST_HAS_POSIX_RE
315 
316 // On some platforms, <regex.h> needs someone to define size_t, and
317 // won't compile otherwise.  We can #include it here as we already
318 // included <stdlib.h>, which is guaranteed to define size_t through
319 // <stddef.h>.
320 # include <regex.h>  // NOLINT
321 
322 # define GTEST_USES_POSIX_RE 1
323 
324 #elif GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
325 
326 // <regex.h> is not available on Windows.  Use our own simple regex
327 // implementation instead.
328 # define GTEST_USES_SIMPLE_RE 1
329 
330 #else
331 
332 // <regex.h> may not be available on this platform.  Use our own
333 // simple regex implementation instead.
334 # define GTEST_USES_SIMPLE_RE 1
335 
336 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_POSIX_RE
337 
338 #ifndef GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS
339 // The user didn't tell us whether exceptions are enabled, so we need
340 // to figure it out.
341 # if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__BORLANDC__)
342 // MSVC's and C++Builder's implementations of the STL use the _HAS_EXCEPTIONS
343 // macro to enable exceptions, so we'll do the same.
344 // Assumes that exceptions are enabled by default.
345 #  ifndef _HAS_EXCEPTIONS
346 #   define _HAS_EXCEPTIONS 1
347 #  endif  // _HAS_EXCEPTIONS
348 #  define GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS _HAS_EXCEPTIONS
349 # elif defined(__GNUC__) && __EXCEPTIONS
350 // gcc defines __EXCEPTIONS to 1 iff exceptions are enabled.
351 #  define GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS 1
352 # elif defined(__SUNPRO_CC)
353 // Sun Pro CC supports exceptions.  However, there is no compile-time way of
354 // detecting whether they are enabled or not.  Therefore, we assume that
355 // they are enabled unless the user tells us otherwise.
356 #  define GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS 1
357 # elif defined(__IBMCPP__) && __EXCEPTIONS
358 // xlC defines __EXCEPTIONS to 1 iff exceptions are enabled.
359 #  define GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS 1
360 # elif defined(__HP_aCC)
361 // Exception handling is in effect by default in HP aCC compiler. It has to
362 // be turned of by +noeh compiler option if desired.
363 #  define GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS 1
364 # else
365 // For other compilers, we assume exceptions are disabled to be
366 // conservative.
367 #  define GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS 0
368 # endif  // defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__BORLANDC__)
369 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS
370 
371 #if !defined(GTEST_HAS_STD_STRING)
372 // Even though we don't use this macro any longer, we keep it in case
373 // some clients still depend on it.
374 # define GTEST_HAS_STD_STRING 1
375 #elif !GTEST_HAS_STD_STRING
376 // The user told us that ::std::string isn't available.
377 # error "Google Test cannot be used where ::std::string isn't available."
378 #endif  // !defined(GTEST_HAS_STD_STRING)
379 
380 #ifndef GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_STRING
381 // The user didn't tell us whether ::string is available, so we need
382 // to figure it out.
383 
384 # define GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_STRING 0
385 
386 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_STRING
387 
388 #ifndef GTEST_HAS_STD_WSTRING
389 // The user didn't tell us whether ::std::wstring is available, so we need
390 // to figure it out.
391 // TODO(wan@google.com): uses autoconf to detect whether ::std::wstring
392 //   is available.
393 
394 // Cygwin 1.7 and below doesn't support ::std::wstring.
395 // Solaris' libc++ doesn't support it either.  Android has
396 // no support for it at least as recent as Froyo (2.2).
397 # define GTEST_HAS_STD_WSTRING \
398     (!(GTEST_OS_LINUX_ANDROID || GTEST_OS_CYGWIN || GTEST_OS_SOLARIS))
399 
400 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_STD_WSTRING
401 
402 #ifndef GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_WSTRING
403 // The user didn't tell us whether ::wstring is available, so we need
404 // to figure it out.
405 # define GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_WSTRING \
406     (GTEST_HAS_STD_WSTRING && GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_STRING)
407 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_WSTRING
408 
409 // Determines whether RTTI is available.
410 #ifndef GTEST_HAS_RTTI
411 // The user didn't tell us whether RTTI is enabled, so we need to
412 // figure it out.
413 
414 # ifdef _MSC_VER
415 
416 #  ifdef _CPPRTTI  // MSVC defines this macro iff RTTI is enabled.
417 #   define GTEST_HAS_RTTI 1
418 #  else
419 #   define GTEST_HAS_RTTI 0
420 #  endif
421 
422 // Starting with version 4.3.2, gcc defines __GXX_RTTI iff RTTI is enabled.
423 # elif defined(__GNUC__) && (GTEST_GCC_VER_ >= 40302)
424 
425 #  ifdef __GXX_RTTI
426 // When building against STLport with the Android NDK and with
427 // -frtti -fno-exceptions, the build fails at link time with undefined
428 // references to __cxa_bad_typeid. Note sure if STL or toolchain bug,
429 // so disable RTTI when detected.
430 #   if GTEST_OS_LINUX_ANDROID && defined(_STLPORT_MAJOR) && \
431        !defined(__EXCEPTIONS)
432 #    define GTEST_HAS_RTTI 0
433 #   else
434 #    define GTEST_HAS_RTTI 1
435 #   endif  // GTEST_OS_LINUX_ANDROID && __STLPORT_MAJOR && !__EXCEPTIONS
436 #  else
437 #   define GTEST_HAS_RTTI 0
438 #  endif  // __GXX_RTTI
439 
440 // Clang defines __GXX_RTTI starting with version 3.0, but its manual recommends
441 // using has_feature instead. has_feature(cxx_rtti) is supported since 2.7, the
442 // first version with C++ support.
443 # elif defined(__clang__)
444 
445 #  define GTEST_HAS_RTTI __has_feature(cxx_rtti)
446 
447 // Starting with version 9.0 IBM Visual Age defines __RTTI_ALL__ to 1 if
448 // both the typeid and dynamic_cast features are present.
449 # elif defined(__IBMCPP__) && (__IBMCPP__ >= 900)
450 
451 #  ifdef __RTTI_ALL__
452 #   define GTEST_HAS_RTTI 1
453 #  else
454 #   define GTEST_HAS_RTTI 0
455 #  endif
456 
457 # else
458 
459 // For all other compilers, we assume RTTI is enabled.
460 #  define GTEST_HAS_RTTI 1
461 
462 # endif  // _MSC_VER
463 
464 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_RTTI
465 
466 // It's this header's responsibility to #include <typeinfo> when RTTI
467 // is enabled.
468 #if GTEST_HAS_RTTI
469 # include <typeinfo>
470 #endif
471 
472 // Determines whether Google Test can use the pthreads library.
473 #ifndef GTEST_HAS_PTHREAD
474 // The user didn't tell us explicitly, so we assume pthreads support is
475 // available on Linux and Mac.
476 //
477 // To disable threading support in Google Test, add -DGTEST_HAS_PTHREAD=0
478 // to your compiler flags.
479 # define GTEST_HAS_PTHREAD (GTEST_OS_LINUX || GTEST_OS_MAC || GTEST_OS_HPUX \
480     || GTEST_OS_QNX)
481 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_PTHREAD
482 
483 #if GTEST_HAS_PTHREAD
484 // gtest-port.h guarantees to #include <pthread.h> when GTEST_HAS_PTHREAD is
485 // true.
486 # include <pthread.h>  // NOLINT
487 
488 // For timespec and nanosleep, used below.
489 # include <time.h>  // NOLINT
490 #endif
491 
492 // Determines whether Google Test can use tr1/tuple.  You can define
493 // this macro to 0 to prevent Google Test from using tuple (any
494 // feature depending on tuple with be disabled in this mode).
495 #ifndef GTEST_HAS_TR1_TUPLE
496 # if GTEST_OS_LINUX_ANDROID && defined(_STLPORT_MAJOR)
497 // STLport, provided with the Android NDK, has neither <tr1/tuple> or <tuple>.
498 #  define GTEST_HAS_TR1_TUPLE 0
499 # else
500 // The user didn't tell us not to do it, so we assume it's OK.
501 #  define GTEST_HAS_TR1_TUPLE 1
502 # endif
503 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_TR1_TUPLE
504 
505 // Determines whether Google Test's own tr1 tuple implementation
506 // should be used.
507 #ifndef GTEST_USE_OWN_TR1_TUPLE
508 // The user didn't tell us, so we need to figure it out.
509 
510 // We use our own TR1 tuple if we aren't sure the user has an
511 // implementation of it already.  At this time, libstdc++ 4.0.0+ and
512 // MSVC 2010 are the only mainstream standard libraries that come
513 // with a TR1 tuple implementation.  NVIDIA's CUDA NVCC compiler
514 // pretends to be GCC by defining __GNUC__ and friends, but cannot
515 // compile GCC's tuple implementation.  MSVC 2008 (9.0) provides TR1
516 // tuple in a 323 MB Feature Pack download, which we cannot assume the
517 // user has.  QNX's QCC compiler is a modified GCC but it doesn't
518 // support TR1 tuple.  libc++ only provides std::tuple, in C++11 mode,
519 // and it can be used with some compilers that define __GNUC__.
520 # if (defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__CUDACC__) && (GTEST_GCC_VER_ >= 40000) \
521       && !GTEST_OS_QNX && !defined(_LIBCPP_VERSION)) || _MSC_VER >= 1600
522 #  define GTEST_ENV_HAS_TR1_TUPLE_ 1
523 # endif
524 
525 // C++11 specifies that <tuple> provides std::tuple. Use that if gtest is used
526 // in C++11 mode and libstdc++ isn't very old (binaries targeting OS X 10.6
527 // can build with clang but need to use gcc4.2's libstdc++).
528 # if GTEST_LANG_CXX11 && (!defined(__GLIBCXX__) || __GLIBCXX__ > 20110325)
529 #  define GTEST_ENV_HAS_STD_TUPLE_ 1
530 # endif
531 
532 # if GTEST_ENV_HAS_TR1_TUPLE_ || GTEST_ENV_HAS_STD_TUPLE_
533 #  define GTEST_USE_OWN_TR1_TUPLE 0
534 # else
535 #  define GTEST_USE_OWN_TR1_TUPLE 1
536 # endif
537 
538 #endif  // GTEST_USE_OWN_TR1_TUPLE
539 
540 // To avoid conditional compilation everywhere, we make it
541 // gtest-port.h's responsibility to #include the header implementing
542 // tr1/tuple.
543 #if GTEST_HAS_TR1_TUPLE
544 
545 # if GTEST_USE_OWN_TR1_TUPLE
546 #  include "gtest/internal/gtest-tuple.h"
547 # elif GTEST_ENV_HAS_STD_TUPLE_
548 #  include <tuple>
549 // C++11 puts its tuple into the ::std namespace rather than
550 // ::std::tr1.  gtest expects tuple to live in ::std::tr1, so put it there.
551 // This causes undefined behavior, but supported compilers react in
552 // the way we intend.
553 namespace std {
554 namespace tr1 {
555 using ::std::get;
556 using ::std::make_tuple;
557 using ::std::tuple;
558 using ::std::tuple_element;
559 using ::std::tuple_size;
560 }
561 }
562 
563 # elif GTEST_OS_SYMBIAN
564 
565 // On Symbian, BOOST_HAS_TR1_TUPLE causes Boost's TR1 tuple library to
566 // use STLport's tuple implementation, which unfortunately doesn't
567 // work as the copy of STLport distributed with Symbian is incomplete.
568 // By making sure BOOST_HAS_TR1_TUPLE is undefined, we force Boost to
569 // use its own tuple implementation.
570 #  ifdef BOOST_HAS_TR1_TUPLE
571 #   undef BOOST_HAS_TR1_TUPLE
572 #  endif  // BOOST_HAS_TR1_TUPLE
573 
574 // This prevents <boost/tr1/detail/config.hpp>, which defines
575 // BOOST_HAS_TR1_TUPLE, from being #included by Boost's <tuple>.
576 #  define BOOST_TR1_DETAIL_CONFIG_HPP_INCLUDED
577 #  include <tuple>
578 
579 # elif defined(__GNUC__) && (GTEST_GCC_VER_ >= 40000)
580 // GCC 4.0+ implements tr1/tuple in the <tr1/tuple> header.  This does
581 // not conform to the TR1 spec, which requires the header to be <tuple>.
582 
583 #  if !GTEST_HAS_RTTI && GTEST_GCC_VER_ < 40302
584 // Until version 4.3.2, gcc has a bug that causes <tr1/functional>,
585 // which is #included by <tr1/tuple>, to not compile when RTTI is
586 // disabled.  _TR1_FUNCTIONAL is the header guard for
587 // <tr1/functional>.  Hence the following #define is a hack to prevent
588 // <tr1/functional> from being included.
589 #   define _TR1_FUNCTIONAL 1
590 #   include <tr1/tuple>
591 #   undef _TR1_FUNCTIONAL  // Allows the user to #include
592                         // <tr1/functional> if he chooses to.
593 #  else
594 #   include <tr1/tuple>  // NOLINT
595 #  endif  // !GTEST_HAS_RTTI && GTEST_GCC_VER_ < 40302
596 
597 # else
598 // If the compiler is not GCC 4.0+, we assume the user is using a
599 // spec-conforming TR1 implementation.
600 #  include <tuple>  // NOLINT
601 # endif  // GTEST_USE_OWN_TR1_TUPLE
602 
603 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_TR1_TUPLE
604 
605 // Determines whether clone(2) is supported.
606 // Usually it will only be available on Linux, excluding
607 // Linux on the Itanium architecture.
608 // Also see http://linux.die.net/man/2/clone.
609 #ifndef GTEST_HAS_CLONE
610 // The user didn't tell us, so we need to figure it out.
611 
612 # if GTEST_OS_LINUX && !defined(__ia64__)
613 #  if GTEST_OS_LINUX_ANDROID
614 // On Android, clone() is only available starting with Gingerbread.
615 #    if __ANDROID_API__ >= 9
616 #     define GTEST_HAS_CLONE 1
617 #    else
618 #     define GTEST_HAS_CLONE 0
619 #    endif
620 #  else
621 #   define GTEST_HAS_CLONE 1
622 #  endif
623 # else
624 #  define GTEST_HAS_CLONE 0
625 # endif  // GTEST_OS_LINUX && !defined(__ia64__)
626 
627 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_CLONE
628 
629 // Determines whether to support stream redirection. This is used to test
630 // output correctness and to implement death tests.
631 #ifndef GTEST_HAS_STREAM_REDIRECTION
632 // By default, we assume that stream redirection is supported on all
633 // platforms except known mobile ones.
634 # if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE || GTEST_OS_SYMBIAN
635 #  define GTEST_HAS_STREAM_REDIRECTION 0
636 # else
637 #  define GTEST_HAS_STREAM_REDIRECTION 1
638 # endif  // !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE && !GTEST_OS_SYMBIAN
639 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_STREAM_REDIRECTION
640 
641 // Determines whether to support death tests.
642 // Google Test does not support death tests for VC 7.1 and earlier as
643 // abort() in a VC 7.1 application compiled as GUI in debug config
644 // pops up a dialog window that cannot be suppressed programmatically.
645 #if (GTEST_OS_LINUX || GTEST_OS_CYGWIN || GTEST_OS_SOLARIS || \
646      (GTEST_OS_MAC && !GTEST_OS_IOS) || GTEST_OS_IOS_SIMULATOR || \
647      (GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_DESKTOP && _MSC_VER >= 1400) || \
648      GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MINGW || GTEST_OS_AIX || GTEST_OS_HPUX || \
649      GTEST_OS_OPENBSD || GTEST_OS_QNX)
650 # define GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST 1
651 # include <vector>  // NOLINT
652 #endif
653 
654 // We don't support MSVC 7.1 with exceptions disabled now.  Therefore
655 // all the compilers we care about are adequate for supporting
656 // value-parameterized tests.
657 #define GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST 1
658 
659 // Determines whether to support type-driven tests.
660 
661 // Typed tests need <typeinfo> and variadic macros, which GCC, VC++ 8.0,
662 // Sun Pro CC, IBM Visual Age, and HP aCC support.
663 #if defined(__GNUC__) || (_MSC_VER >= 1400) || defined(__SUNPRO_CC) || \
664     defined(__IBMCPP__) || defined(__HP_aCC)
665 # define GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST 1
666 # define GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST_P 1
667 #endif
668 
669 // Determines whether to support Combine(). This only makes sense when
670 // value-parameterized tests are enabled.  The implementation doesn't
671 // work on Sun Studio since it doesn't understand templated conversion
672 // operators.
673 #if GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST && GTEST_HAS_TR1_TUPLE && !defined(__SUNPRO_CC)
674 # define GTEST_HAS_COMBINE 1
675 #endif
676 
677 // Determines whether the system compiler uses UTF-16 for encoding wide strings.
678 #define GTEST_WIDE_STRING_USES_UTF16_ \
679     (GTEST_OS_WINDOWS || GTEST_OS_CYGWIN || GTEST_OS_SYMBIAN || GTEST_OS_AIX)
680 
681 // Determines whether test results can be streamed to a socket.
682 #if GTEST_OS_LINUX
683 # define GTEST_CAN_STREAM_RESULTS_ 1
684 #endif
685 
686 // Defines some utility macros.
687 
688 // The GNU compiler emits a warning if nested "if" statements are followed by
689 // an "else" statement and braces are not used to explicitly disambiguate the
690 // "else" binding.  This leads to problems with code like:
691 //
692 //   if (gate)
693 //     ASSERT_*(condition) << "Some message";
694 //
695 // The "switch (0) case 0:" idiom is used to suppress this.
696 #ifdef __INTEL_COMPILER
697 # define GTEST_AMBIGUOUS_ELSE_BLOCKER_
698 #else
699 # define GTEST_AMBIGUOUS_ELSE_BLOCKER_ switch (0) case 0: default:  // NOLINT
700 #endif
701 
702 // Use this annotation at the end of a struct/class definition to
703 // prevent the compiler from optimizing away instances that are never
704 // used.  This is useful when all interesting logic happens inside the
705 // c'tor and / or d'tor.  Example:
706 //
707 //   struct Foo {
708 //     Foo() { ... }
709 //   } GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED_;
710 //
711 // Also use it after a variable or parameter declaration to tell the
712 // compiler the variable/parameter does not have to be used.
713 #if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(COMPILER_ICC)
714 # define GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED_ __attribute__ ((unused))
715 #else
716 # define GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED_
717 #endif
718 
719 // A macro to disallow operator=
720 // This should be used in the private: declarations for a class.
721 #define GTEST_DISALLOW_ASSIGN_(type)\
722   void operator=(type const &)
723 
724 // A macro to disallow copy constructor and operator=
725 // This should be used in the private: declarations for a class.
726 #define GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(type)\
727   type(type const &);\
728   GTEST_DISALLOW_ASSIGN_(type)
729 
730 // Tell the compiler to warn about unused return values for functions declared
731 // with this macro.  The macro should be used on function declarations
732 // following the argument list:
733 //
734 //   Sprocket* AllocateSprocket() GTEST_MUST_USE_RESULT_;
735 #if defined(__GNUC__) && (GTEST_GCC_VER_ >= 30400) && !defined(COMPILER_ICC)
736 # define GTEST_MUST_USE_RESULT_ __attribute__ ((warn_unused_result))
737 #else
738 # define GTEST_MUST_USE_RESULT_
739 #endif  // __GNUC__ && (GTEST_GCC_VER_ >= 30400) && !COMPILER_ICC
740 
741 // Determine whether the compiler supports Microsoft's Structured Exception
742 // Handling.  This is supported by several Windows compilers but generally
743 // does not exist on any other system.
744 #ifndef GTEST_HAS_SEH
745 // The user didn't tell us, so we need to figure it out.
746 
747 # if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__BORLANDC__)
748 // These two compilers are known to support SEH.
749 #  define GTEST_HAS_SEH 1
750 # else
751 // Assume no SEH.
752 #  define GTEST_HAS_SEH 0
753 # endif
754 
755 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_SEH
756 
757 #ifdef _MSC_VER
758 
759 # if GTEST_LINKED_AS_SHARED_LIBRARY
760 #  define GTEST_API_ __declspec(dllimport)
761 # elif GTEST_CREATE_SHARED_LIBRARY
762 #  define GTEST_API_ __declspec(dllexport)
763 # endif
764 
765 #endif  // _MSC_VER
766 
767 #ifndef GTEST_API_
768 # define GTEST_API_
769 #endif
770 
771 #ifdef __GNUC__
772 // Ask the compiler to never inline a given function.
773 # define GTEST_NO_INLINE_ __attribute__((noinline))
774 #else
775 # define GTEST_NO_INLINE_
776 #endif
777 
778 // _LIBCPP_VERSION is defined by the libc++ library from the LLVM project.
779 #if defined(__GLIBCXX__) || defined(_LIBCPP_VERSION)
780 # define GTEST_HAS_CXXABI_H_ 1
781 #else
782 # define GTEST_HAS_CXXABI_H_ 0
783 #endif
784 
785 namespace testing {
786 
787 class Message;
788 
789 namespace internal {
790 
791 // A secret type that Google Test users don't know about.  It has no
792 // definition on purpose.  Therefore it's impossible to create a
793 // Secret object, which is what we want.
794 class Secret;
795 
796 // The GTEST_COMPILE_ASSERT_ macro can be used to verify that a compile time
797 // expression is true. For example, you could use it to verify the
798 // size of a static array:
799 //
800 //   GTEST_COMPILE_ASSERT_(ARRAYSIZE(content_type_names) == CONTENT_NUM_TYPES,
801 //                         content_type_names_incorrect_size);
802 //
803 // or to make sure a struct is smaller than a certain size:
804 //
805 //   GTEST_COMPILE_ASSERT_(sizeof(foo) < 128, foo_too_large);
806 //
807 // The second argument to the macro is the name of the variable. If
808 // the expression is false, most compilers will issue a warning/error
809 // containing the name of the variable.
810 
811 template <bool>
812 struct CompileAssert {
813 };
814 
815 #define GTEST_COMPILE_ASSERT_(expr, msg) \
816   typedef ::testing::internal::CompileAssert<(static_cast<bool>(expr))> \
817       msg[static_cast<bool>(expr) ? 1 : -1] GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED_
818 
819 // Implementation details of GTEST_COMPILE_ASSERT_:
820 //
821 // - GTEST_COMPILE_ASSERT_ works by defining an array type that has -1
822 //   elements (and thus is invalid) when the expression is false.
823 //
824 // - The simpler definition
825 //
826 //    #define GTEST_COMPILE_ASSERT_(expr, msg) typedef char msg[(expr) ? 1 : -1]
827 //
828 //   does not work, as gcc supports variable-length arrays whose sizes
829 //   are determined at run-time (this is gcc's extension and not part
830 //   of the C++ standard).  As a result, gcc fails to reject the
831 //   following code with the simple definition:
832 //
833 //     int foo;
834 //     GTEST_COMPILE_ASSERT_(foo, msg); // not supposed to compile as foo is
835 //                                      // not a compile-time constant.
836 //
837 // - By using the type CompileAssert<(bool(expr))>, we ensures that
838 //   expr is a compile-time constant.  (Template arguments must be
839 //   determined at compile-time.)
840 //
841 // - The outter parentheses in CompileAssert<(bool(expr))> are necessary
842 //   to work around a bug in gcc 3.4.4 and 4.0.1.  If we had written
843 //
844 //     CompileAssert<bool(expr)>
845 //
846 //   instead, these compilers will refuse to compile
847 //
848 //     GTEST_COMPILE_ASSERT_(5 > 0, some_message);
849 //
850 //   (They seem to think the ">" in "5 > 0" marks the end of the
851 //   template argument list.)
852 //
853 // - The array size is (bool(expr) ? 1 : -1), instead of simply
854 //
855 //     ((expr) ? 1 : -1).
856 //
857 //   This is to avoid running into a bug in MS VC 7.1, which
858 //   causes ((0.0) ? 1 : -1) to incorrectly evaluate to 1.
859 
860 // StaticAssertTypeEqHelper is used by StaticAssertTypeEq defined in gtest.h.
861 //
862 // This template is declared, but intentionally undefined.
863 template <typename T1, typename T2>
864 struct StaticAssertTypeEqHelper;
865 
866 template <typename T>
867 struct StaticAssertTypeEqHelper<T, T> {};
868 
869 #if GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_STRING
870 typedef ::string string;
871 #else
872 typedef ::std::string string;
873 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_STRING
874 
875 #if GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_WSTRING
876 typedef ::wstring wstring;
877 #elif GTEST_HAS_STD_WSTRING
878 typedef ::std::wstring wstring;
879 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_WSTRING
880 
881 // A helper for suppressing warnings on constant condition.  It just
882 // returns 'condition'.
883 GTEST_API_ bool IsTrue(bool condition);
884 
885 // Defines scoped_ptr.
886 
887 // This implementation of scoped_ptr is PARTIAL - it only contains
888 // enough stuff to satisfy Google Test's need.
889 template <typename T>
890 class scoped_ptr {
891  public:
892   typedef T element_type;
893 
894   explicit scoped_ptr(T* p = NULL) : ptr_(p) {}
895   ~scoped_ptr() { reset(); }
896 
897   T& operator*() const { return *ptr_; }
898   T* operator->() const { return ptr_; }
899   T* get() const { return ptr_; }
900 
901   T* release() {
902     T* const ptr = ptr_;
903     ptr_ = NULL;
904     return ptr;
905   }
906 
907   void reset(T* p = NULL) {
908     if (p != ptr_) {
909       if (IsTrue(sizeof(T) > 0)) {  // Makes sure T is a complete type.
910         delete ptr_;
911       }
912       ptr_ = p;
913     }
914   }
915 
916  private:
917   T* ptr_;
918 
919   GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(scoped_ptr);
920 };
921 
922 // Defines RE.
923 
924 // A simple C++ wrapper for <regex.h>.  It uses the POSIX Extended
925 // Regular Expression syntax.
926 class GTEST_API_ RE {
927  public:
928   // A copy constructor is required by the Standard to initialize object
929   // references from r-values.
930   RE(const RE& other) { Init(other.pattern()); }
931 
932   // Constructs an RE from a string.
933   RE(const ::std::string& regex) { Init(regex.c_str()); }  // NOLINT
934 
935 #if GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_STRING
936 
937   RE(const ::string& regex) { Init(regex.c_str()); }  // NOLINT
938 
939 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_STRING
940 
941   RE(const char* regex) { Init(regex); }  // NOLINT
942   ~RE();
943 
944   // Returns the string representation of the regex.
945   const char* pattern() const { return pattern_; }
946 
947   // FullMatch(str, re) returns true iff regular expression re matches
948   // the entire str.
949   // PartialMatch(str, re) returns true iff regular expression re
950   // matches a substring of str (including str itself).
951   //
952   // TODO(wan@google.com): make FullMatch() and PartialMatch() work
953   // when str contains NUL characters.
954   static bool FullMatch(const ::std::string& str, const RE& re) {
955     return FullMatch(str.c_str(), re);
956   }
957   static bool PartialMatch(const ::std::string& str, const RE& re) {
958     return PartialMatch(str.c_str(), re);
959   }
960 
961 #if GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_STRING
962 
963   static bool FullMatch(const ::string& str, const RE& re) {
964     return FullMatch(str.c_str(), re);
965   }
966   static bool PartialMatch(const ::string& str, const RE& re) {
967     return PartialMatch(str.c_str(), re);
968   }
969 
970 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_STRING
971 
972   static bool FullMatch(const char* str, const RE& re);
973   static bool PartialMatch(const char* str, const RE& re);
974 
975  private:
976   void Init(const char* regex);
977 
978   // We use a const char* instead of an std::string, as Google Test used to be
979   // used where std::string is not available.  TODO(wan@google.com): change to
980   // std::string.
981   const char* pattern_;
982   bool is_valid_;
983 
984 #if GTEST_USES_POSIX_RE
985 
986   regex_t full_regex_;     // For FullMatch().
987   regex_t partial_regex_;  // For PartialMatch().
988 
989 #else  // GTEST_USES_SIMPLE_RE
990 
991   const char* full_pattern_;  // For FullMatch();
992 
993 #endif
994 
995   GTEST_DISALLOW_ASSIGN_(RE);
996 };
997 
998 // Formats a source file path and a line number as they would appear
999 // in an error message from the compiler used to compile this code.
1000 GTEST_API_ ::std::string FormatFileLocation(const char* file, int line);
1001 
1002 // Formats a file location for compiler-independent XML output.
1003 // Although this function is not platform dependent, we put it next to
1004 // FormatFileLocation in order to contrast the two functions.
1005 GTEST_API_ ::std::string FormatCompilerIndependentFileLocation(const char* file,
1006                                                                int line);
1007 
1008 // Defines logging utilities:
1009 //   GTEST_LOG_(severity) - logs messages at the specified severity level. The
1010 //                          message itself is streamed into the macro.
1011 //   LogToStderr()  - directs all log messages to stderr.
1012 //   FlushInfoLog() - flushes informational log messages.
1013 
1014 enum GTestLogSeverity {
1015   GTEST_INFO,
1016   GTEST_WARNING,
1017   GTEST_ERROR,
1018   GTEST_FATAL
1019 };
1020 
1021 // Formats log entry severity, provides a stream object for streaming the
1022 // log message, and terminates the message with a newline when going out of
1023 // scope.
1024 class GTEST_API_ GTestLog {
1025  public:
1026   GTestLog(GTestLogSeverity severity, const char* file, int line);
1027 
1028   // Flushes the buffers and, if severity is GTEST_FATAL, aborts the program.
1029   ~GTestLog();
1030 
1031   ::std::ostream& GetStream() { return ::std::cerr; }
1032 
1033  private:
1034   const GTestLogSeverity severity_;
1035 
1036   GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(GTestLog);
1037 };
1038 
1039 #define GTEST_LOG_(severity) \
1040     ::testing::internal::GTestLog(::testing::internal::GTEST_##severity, \
1041                                   __FILE__, __LINE__).GetStream()
1042 
1043 inline void LogToStderr() {}
1044 inline void FlushInfoLog() { fflush(NULL); }
1045 
1046 // INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE.
1047 //
1048 // GTEST_CHECK_ is an all-mode assert. It aborts the program if the condition
1049 // is not satisfied.
1050 //  Synopsys:
1051 //    GTEST_CHECK_(boolean_condition);
1052 //     or
1053 //    GTEST_CHECK_(boolean_condition) << "Additional message";
1054 //
1055 //    This checks the condition and if the condition is not satisfied
1056 //    it prints message about the condition violation, including the
1057 //    condition itself, plus additional message streamed into it, if any,
1058 //    and then it aborts the program. It aborts the program irrespective of
1059 //    whether it is built in the debug mode or not.
1060 #define GTEST_CHECK_(condition) \
1061     GTEST_AMBIGUOUS_ELSE_BLOCKER_ \
1062     if (::testing::internal::IsTrue(condition)) \
1063       ; \
1064     else \
1065       GTEST_LOG_(FATAL) << "Condition " #condition " failed. "
1066 
1067 // An all-mode assert to verify that the given POSIX-style function
1068 // call returns 0 (indicating success).  Known limitation: this
1069 // doesn't expand to a balanced 'if' statement, so enclose the macro
1070 // in {} if you need to use it as the only statement in an 'if'
1071 // branch.
1072 #define GTEST_CHECK_POSIX_SUCCESS_(posix_call) \
1073   if (const int gtest_error = (posix_call)) \
1074     GTEST_LOG_(FATAL) << #posix_call << "failed with error " \
1075                       << gtest_error
1076 
1077 // INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN USER CODE.
1078 //
1079 // Use ImplicitCast_ as a safe version of static_cast for upcasting in
1080 // the type hierarchy (e.g. casting a Foo* to a SuperclassOfFoo* or a
1081 // const Foo*).  When you use ImplicitCast_, the compiler checks that
1082 // the cast is safe.  Such explicit ImplicitCast_s are necessary in
1083 // surprisingly many situations where C++ demands an exact type match
1084 // instead of an argument type convertable to a target type.
1085 //
1086 // The syntax for using ImplicitCast_ is the same as for static_cast:
1087 //
1088 //   ImplicitCast_<ToType>(expr)
1089 //
1090 // ImplicitCast_ would have been part of the C++ standard library,
1091 // but the proposal was submitted too late.  It will probably make
1092 // its way into the language in the future.
1093 //
1094 // This relatively ugly name is intentional. It prevents clashes with
1095 // similar functions users may have (e.g., implicit_cast). The internal
1096 // namespace alone is not enough because the function can be found by ADL.
1097 template<typename To>
1098 inline To ImplicitCast_(To x) { return x; }
1099 
1100 // When you upcast (that is, cast a pointer from type Foo to type
1101 // SuperclassOfFoo), it's fine to use ImplicitCast_<>, since upcasts
1102 // always succeed.  When you downcast (that is, cast a pointer from
1103 // type Foo to type SubclassOfFoo), static_cast<> isn't safe, because
1104 // how do you know the pointer is really of type SubclassOfFoo?  It
1105 // could be a bare Foo, or of type DifferentSubclassOfFoo.  Thus,
1106 // when you downcast, you should use this macro.  In debug mode, we
1107 // use dynamic_cast<> to double-check the downcast is legal (we die
1108 // if it's not).  In normal mode, we do the efficient static_cast<>
1109 // instead.  Thus, it's important to test in debug mode to make sure
1110 // the cast is legal!
1111 //    This is the only place in the code we should use dynamic_cast<>.
1112 // In particular, you SHOULDN'T be using dynamic_cast<> in order to
1113 // do RTTI (eg code like this:
1114 //    if (dynamic_cast<Subclass1>(foo)) HandleASubclass1Object(foo);
1115 //    if (dynamic_cast<Subclass2>(foo)) HandleASubclass2Object(foo);
1116 // You should design the code some other way not to need this.
1117 //
1118 // This relatively ugly name is intentional. It prevents clashes with
1119 // similar functions users may have (e.g., down_cast). The internal
1120 // namespace alone is not enough because the function can be found by ADL.
1121 template<typename To, typename From>  // use like this: DownCast_<T*>(foo);
1122 inline To DownCast_(From* f) {  // so we only accept pointers
1123   // Ensures that To is a sub-type of From *.  This test is here only
1124   // for compile-time type checking, and has no overhead in an
1125   // optimized build at run-time, as it will be optimized away
1126   // completely.
1127   if (false) {
1128     const To to = NULL;
1129     ::testing::internal::ImplicitCast_<From*>(to);
1130   }
1131 
1132 #if GTEST_HAS_RTTI
1133   // RTTI: debug mode only!
1134   GTEST_CHECK_(f == NULL || dynamic_cast<To>(f) != NULL);
1135 #endif
1136   return static_cast<To>(f);
1137 }
1138 
1139 // Downcasts the pointer of type Base to Derived.
1140 // Derived must be a subclass of Base. The parameter MUST
1141 // point to a class of type Derived, not any subclass of it.
1142 // When RTTI is available, the function performs a runtime
1143 // check to enforce this.
1144 template <class Derived, class Base>
1145 Derived* CheckedDowncastToActualType(Base* base) {
1146 #if GTEST_HAS_RTTI
1147   GTEST_CHECK_(typeid(*base) == typeid(Derived));
1148   return dynamic_cast<Derived*>(base);  // NOLINT
1149 #else
1150   return static_cast<Derived*>(base);  // Poor man's downcast.
1151 #endif
1152 }
1153 
1154 #if GTEST_HAS_STREAM_REDIRECTION
1155 
1156 // Defines the stderr capturer:
1157 //   CaptureStdout     - starts capturing stdout.
1158 //   GetCapturedStdout - stops capturing stdout and returns the captured string.
1159 //   CaptureStderr     - starts capturing stderr.
1160 //   GetCapturedStderr - stops capturing stderr and returns the captured string.
1161 //
1162 GTEST_API_ void CaptureStdout();
1163 GTEST_API_ std::string GetCapturedStdout();
1164 GTEST_API_ void CaptureStderr();
1165 GTEST_API_ std::string GetCapturedStderr();
1166 
1167 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_STREAM_REDIRECTION
1168 
1169 
1170 #if GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST
1171 
1172 const ::std::vector<testing::internal::string>& GetInjectableArgvs();
1173 void SetInjectableArgvs(const ::std::vector<testing::internal::string>*
1174                              new_argvs);
1175 
1176 // A copy of all command line arguments.  Set by InitGoogleTest().
1177 extern ::std::vector<testing::internal::string> g_argvs;
1178 
1179 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST
1180 
1181 // Defines synchronization primitives.
1182 
1183 #if GTEST_HAS_PTHREAD
1184 
1185 // Sleeps for (roughly) n milli-seconds.  This function is only for
1186 // testing Google Test's own constructs.  Don't use it in user tests,
1187 // either directly or indirectly.
1188 inline void SleepMilliseconds(int n) {
1189   const timespec time = {
1190     0,                  // 0 seconds.
1191     n * 1000L * 1000L,  // And n ms.
1192   };
1193   nanosleep(&time, NULL);
1194 }
1195 
1196 // Allows a controller thread to pause execution of newly created
1197 // threads until notified.  Instances of this class must be created
1198 // and destroyed in the controller thread.
1199 //
1200 // This class is only for testing Google Test's own constructs. Do not
1201 // use it in user tests, either directly or indirectly.
1202 class Notification {
1203  public:
1204   Notification() : notified_(false) {
1205     GTEST_CHECK_POSIX_SUCCESS_(pthread_mutex_init(&mutex_, NULL));
1206   }
1207   ~Notification() {
1208     pthread_mutex_destroy(&mutex_);
1209   }
1210 
1211   // Notifies all threads created with this notification to start. Must
1212   // be called from the controller thread.
1213   void Notify() {
1214     pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex_);
1215     notified_ = true;
1216     pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex_);
1217   }
1218 
1219   // Blocks until the controller thread notifies. Must be called from a test
1220   // thread.
1221   void WaitForNotification() {
1222     for (;;) {
1223       pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex_);
1224       const bool notified = notified_;
1225       pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex_);
1226       if (notified)
1227         break;
1228       SleepMilliseconds(10);
1229     }
1230   }
1231 
1232  private:
1233   pthread_mutex_t mutex_;
1234   bool notified_;
1235 
1236   GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(Notification);
1237 };
1238 
1239 // As a C-function, ThreadFuncWithCLinkage cannot be templated itself.
1240 // Consequently, it cannot select a correct instantiation of ThreadWithParam
1241 // in order to call its Run(). Introducing ThreadWithParamBase as a
1242 // non-templated base class for ThreadWithParam allows us to bypass this
1243 // problem.
1244 class ThreadWithParamBase {
1245  public:
1246   virtual ~ThreadWithParamBase() {}
1247   virtual void Run() = 0;
1248 };
1249 
1250 // pthread_create() accepts a pointer to a function type with the C linkage.
1251 // According to the Standard (7.5/1), function types with different linkages
1252 // are different even if they are otherwise identical.  Some compilers (for
1253 // example, SunStudio) treat them as different types.  Since class methods
1254 // cannot be defined with C-linkage we need to define a free C-function to
1255 // pass into pthread_create().
1256 extern "C" inline void* ThreadFuncWithCLinkage(void* thread) {
1257   static_cast<ThreadWithParamBase*>(thread)->Run();
1258   return NULL;
1259 }
1260 
1261 // Helper class for testing Google Test's multi-threading constructs.
1262 // To use it, write:
1263 //
1264 //   void ThreadFunc(int param) { /* Do things with param */ }
1265 //   Notification thread_can_start;
1266 //   ...
1267 //   // The thread_can_start parameter is optional; you can supply NULL.
1268 //   ThreadWithParam<int> thread(&ThreadFunc, 5, &thread_can_start);
1269 //   thread_can_start.Notify();
1270 //
1271 // These classes are only for testing Google Test's own constructs. Do
1272 // not use them in user tests, either directly or indirectly.
1273 template <typename T>
1274 class ThreadWithParam : public ThreadWithParamBase {
1275  public:
1276   typedef void (*UserThreadFunc)(T);
1277 
1278   ThreadWithParam(
1279       UserThreadFunc func, T param, Notification* thread_can_start)
1280       : func_(func),
1281         param_(param),
1282         thread_can_start_(thread_can_start),
1283         finished_(false) {
1284     ThreadWithParamBase* const base = this;
1285     // The thread can be created only after all fields except thread_
1286     // have been initialized.
1287     GTEST_CHECK_POSIX_SUCCESS_(
1288         pthread_create(&thread_, 0, &ThreadFuncWithCLinkage, base));
1289   }
1290   ~ThreadWithParam() { Join(); }
1291 
1292   void Join() {
1293     if (!finished_) {
1294       GTEST_CHECK_POSIX_SUCCESS_(pthread_join(thread_, 0));
1295       finished_ = true;
1296     }
1297   }
1298 
1299   virtual void Run() {
1300     if (thread_can_start_ != NULL)
1301       thread_can_start_->WaitForNotification();
1302     func_(param_);
1303   }
1304 
1305  private:
1306   const UserThreadFunc func_;  // User-supplied thread function.
1307   const T param_;  // User-supplied parameter to the thread function.
1308   // When non-NULL, used to block execution until the controller thread
1309   // notifies.
1310   Notification* const thread_can_start_;
1311   bool finished_;  // true iff we know that the thread function has finished.
1312   pthread_t thread_;  // The native thread object.
1313 
1314   GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(ThreadWithParam);
1315 };
1316 
1317 // MutexBase and Mutex implement mutex on pthreads-based platforms. They
1318 // are used in conjunction with class MutexLock:
1319 //
1320 //   Mutex mutex;
1321 //   ...
1322 //   MutexLock lock(&mutex);  // Acquires the mutex and releases it at the end
1323 //                            // of the current scope.
1324 //
1325 // MutexBase implements behavior for both statically and dynamically
1326 // allocated mutexes.  Do not use MutexBase directly.  Instead, write
1327 // the following to define a static mutex:
1328 //
1329 //   GTEST_DEFINE_STATIC_MUTEX_(g_some_mutex);
1330 //
1331 // You can forward declare a static mutex like this:
1332 //
1333 //   GTEST_DECLARE_STATIC_MUTEX_(g_some_mutex);
1334 //
1335 // To create a dynamic mutex, just define an object of type Mutex.
1336 class MutexBase {
1337  public:
1338   // Acquires this mutex.
1339   void Lock() {
1340     GTEST_CHECK_POSIX_SUCCESS_(pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex_));
1341     owner_ = pthread_self();
1342     has_owner_ = true;
1343   }
1344 
1345   // Releases this mutex.
1346   void Unlock() {
1347     // Since the lock is being released the owner_ field should no longer be
1348     // considered valid. We don't protect writing to has_owner_ here, as it's
1349     // the caller's responsibility to ensure that the current thread holds the
1350     // mutex when this is called.
1351     has_owner_ = false;
1352     GTEST_CHECK_POSIX_SUCCESS_(pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex_));
1353   }
1354 
1355   // Does nothing if the current thread holds the mutex. Otherwise, crashes
1356   // with high probability.
1357   void AssertHeld() const {
1358     GTEST_CHECK_(has_owner_ && pthread_equal(owner_, pthread_self()))
1359         << "The current thread is not holding the mutex @" << this;
1360   }
1361 
1362   // A static mutex may be used before main() is entered.  It may even
1363   // be used before the dynamic initialization stage.  Therefore we
1364   // must be able to initialize a static mutex object at link time.
1365   // This means MutexBase has to be a POD and its member variables
1366   // have to be public.
1367  public:
1368   pthread_mutex_t mutex_;  // The underlying pthread mutex.
1369   // has_owner_ indicates whether the owner_ field below contains a valid thread
1370   // ID and is therefore safe to inspect (e.g., to use in pthread_equal()). All
1371   // accesses to the owner_ field should be protected by a check of this field.
1372   // An alternative might be to memset() owner_ to all zeros, but there's no
1373   // guarantee that a zero'd pthread_t is necessarily invalid or even different
1374   // from pthread_self().
1375   bool has_owner_;
1376   pthread_t owner_;  // The thread holding the mutex.
1377 };
1378 
1379 // Forward-declares a static mutex.
1380 # define GTEST_DECLARE_STATIC_MUTEX_(mutex) \
1381     extern ::testing::internal::MutexBase mutex
1382 
1383 // Defines and statically (i.e. at link time) initializes a static mutex.
1384 // The initialization list here does not explicitly initialize each field,
1385 // instead relying on default initialization for the unspecified fields. In
1386 // particular, the owner_ field (a pthread_t) is not explicitly initialized.
1387 // This allows initialization to work whether pthread_t is a scalar or struct.
1388 // The flag -Wmissing-field-initializers must not be specified for this to work.
1389 # define GTEST_DEFINE_STATIC_MUTEX_(mutex) \
1390     ::testing::internal::MutexBase mutex = { PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER, false }
1391 
1392 // The Mutex class can only be used for mutexes created at runtime. It
1393 // shares its API with MutexBase otherwise.
1394 class Mutex : public MutexBase {
1395  public:
1396   Mutex() {
1397     GTEST_CHECK_POSIX_SUCCESS_(pthread_mutex_init(&mutex_, NULL));
1398     has_owner_ = false;
1399   }
1400   ~Mutex() {
1401     GTEST_CHECK_POSIX_SUCCESS_(pthread_mutex_destroy(&mutex_));
1402   }
1403 
1404  private:
1405   GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(Mutex);
1406 };
1407 
1408 // We cannot name this class MutexLock as the ctor declaration would
1409 // conflict with a macro named MutexLock, which is defined on some
1410 // platforms.  Hence the typedef trick below.
1411 class GTestMutexLock {
1412  public:
1413   explicit GTestMutexLock(MutexBase* mutex)
1414       : mutex_(mutex) { mutex_->Lock(); }
1415 
1416   ~GTestMutexLock() { mutex_->Unlock(); }
1417 
1418  private:
1419   MutexBase* const mutex_;
1420 
1421   GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(GTestMutexLock);
1422 };
1423 
1424 typedef GTestMutexLock MutexLock;
1425 
1426 // Helpers for ThreadLocal.
1427 
1428 // pthread_key_create() requires DeleteThreadLocalValue() to have
1429 // C-linkage.  Therefore it cannot be templatized to access
1430 // ThreadLocal<T>.  Hence the need for class
1431 // ThreadLocalValueHolderBase.
1432 class ThreadLocalValueHolderBase {
1433  public:
1434   virtual ~ThreadLocalValueHolderBase() {}
1435 };
1436 
1437 // Called by pthread to delete thread-local data stored by
1438 // pthread_setspecific().
1439 extern "C" inline void DeleteThreadLocalValue(void* value_holder) {
1440   delete static_cast<ThreadLocalValueHolderBase*>(value_holder);
1441 }
1442 
1443 // Implements thread-local storage on pthreads-based systems.
1444 //
1445 //   // Thread 1
1446 //   ThreadLocal<int> tl(100);  // 100 is the default value for each thread.
1447 //
1448 //   // Thread 2
1449 //   tl.set(150);  // Changes the value for thread 2 only.
1450 //   EXPECT_EQ(150, tl.get());
1451 //
1452 //   // Thread 1
1453 //   EXPECT_EQ(100, tl.get());  // In thread 1, tl has the original value.
1454 //   tl.set(200);
1455 //   EXPECT_EQ(200, tl.get());
1456 //
1457 // The template type argument T must have a public copy constructor.
1458 // In addition, the default ThreadLocal constructor requires T to have
1459 // a public default constructor.
1460 //
1461 // An object managed for a thread by a ThreadLocal instance is deleted
1462 // when the thread exits.  Or, if the ThreadLocal instance dies in
1463 // that thread, when the ThreadLocal dies.  It's the user's
1464 // responsibility to ensure that all other threads using a ThreadLocal
1465 // have exited when it dies, or the per-thread objects for those
1466 // threads will not be deleted.
1467 //
1468 // Google Test only uses global ThreadLocal objects.  That means they
1469 // will die after main() has returned.  Therefore, no per-thread
1470 // object managed by Google Test will be leaked as long as all threads
1471 // using Google Test have exited when main() returns.
1472 template <typename T>
1473 class ThreadLocal {
1474  public:
1475   ThreadLocal() : key_(CreateKey()),
1476                   default_() {}
1477   explicit ThreadLocal(const T& value) : key_(CreateKey()),
1478                                          default_(value) {}
1479 
1480   ~ThreadLocal() {
1481     // Destroys the managed object for the current thread, if any.
1482     DeleteThreadLocalValue(pthread_getspecific(key_));
1483 
1484     // Releases resources associated with the key.  This will *not*
1485     // delete managed objects for other threads.
1486     GTEST_CHECK_POSIX_SUCCESS_(pthread_key_delete(key_));
1487   }
1488 
1489   T* pointer() { return GetOrCreateValue(); }
1490   const T* pointer() const { return GetOrCreateValue(); }
1491   const T& get() const { return *pointer(); }
1492   void set(const T& value) { *pointer() = value; }
1493 
1494  private:
1495   // Holds a value of type T.
1496   class ValueHolder : public ThreadLocalValueHolderBase {
1497    public:
1498     explicit ValueHolder(const T& value) : value_(value) {}
1499 
1500     T* pointer() { return &value_; }
1501 
1502    private:
1503     T value_;
1504     GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(ValueHolder);
1505   };
1506 
1507   static pthread_key_t CreateKey() {
1508     pthread_key_t key;
1509     // When a thread exits, DeleteThreadLocalValue() will be called on
1510     // the object managed for that thread.
1511     GTEST_CHECK_POSIX_SUCCESS_(
1512         pthread_key_create(&key, &DeleteThreadLocalValue));
1513     return key;
1514   }
1515 
1516   T* GetOrCreateValue() const {
1517     ThreadLocalValueHolderBase* const holder =
1518         static_cast<ThreadLocalValueHolderBase*>(pthread_getspecific(key_));
1519     if (holder != NULL) {
1520       return CheckedDowncastToActualType<ValueHolder>(holder)->pointer();
1521     }
1522 
1523     ValueHolder* const new_holder = new ValueHolder(default_);
1524     ThreadLocalValueHolderBase* const holder_base = new_holder;
1525     GTEST_CHECK_POSIX_SUCCESS_(pthread_setspecific(key_, holder_base));
1526     return new_holder->pointer();
1527   }
1528 
1529   // A key pthreads uses for looking up per-thread values.
1530   const pthread_key_t key_;
1531   const T default_;  // The default value for each thread.
1532 
1533   GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(ThreadLocal);
1534 };
1535 
1536 # define GTEST_IS_THREADSAFE 1
1537 
1538 #else  // GTEST_HAS_PTHREAD
1539 
1540 // A dummy implementation of synchronization primitives (mutex, lock,
1541 // and thread-local variable).  Necessary for compiling Google Test where
1542 // mutex is not supported - using Google Test in multiple threads is not
1543 // supported on such platforms.
1544 
1545 class Mutex {
1546  public:
1547   Mutex() {}
1548   void Lock() {}
1549   void Unlock() {}
1550   void AssertHeld() const {}
1551 };
1552 
1553 # define GTEST_DECLARE_STATIC_MUTEX_(mutex) \
1554   extern ::testing::internal::Mutex mutex
1555 
1556 # define GTEST_DEFINE_STATIC_MUTEX_(mutex) ::testing::internal::Mutex mutex
1557 
1558 class GTestMutexLock {
1559  public:
1560   explicit GTestMutexLock(Mutex*) {}  // NOLINT
1561 };
1562 
1563 typedef GTestMutexLock MutexLock;
1564 
1565 template <typename T>
1566 class ThreadLocal {
1567  public:
1568   ThreadLocal() : value_() {}
1569   explicit ThreadLocal(const T& value) : value_(value) {}
1570   T* pointer() { return &value_; }
1571   const T* pointer() const { return &value_; }
1572   const T& get() const { return value_; }
1573   void set(const T& value) { value_ = value; }
1574  private:
1575   T value_;
1576 };
1577 
1578 // The above synchronization primitives have dummy implementations.
1579 // Therefore Google Test is not thread-safe.
1580 # define GTEST_IS_THREADSAFE 0
1581 
1582 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_PTHREAD
1583 
1584 // Returns the number of threads running in the process, or 0 to indicate that
1585 // we cannot detect it.
1586 GTEST_API_ size_t GetThreadCount();
1587 
1588 // Passing non-POD classes through ellipsis (...) crashes the ARM
1589 // compiler and generates a warning in Sun Studio.  The Nokia Symbian
1590 // and the IBM XL C/C++ compiler try to instantiate a copy constructor
1591 // for objects passed through ellipsis (...), failing for uncopyable
1592 // objects.  We define this to ensure that only POD is passed through
1593 // ellipsis on these systems.
1594 #if defined(__SYMBIAN32__) || defined(__IBMCPP__) || defined(__SUNPRO_CC)
1595 // We lose support for NULL detection where the compiler doesn't like
1596 // passing non-POD classes through ellipsis (...).
1597 # define GTEST_ELLIPSIS_NEEDS_POD_ 1
1598 #else
1599 # define GTEST_CAN_COMPARE_NULL 1
1600 #endif
1601 
1602 // The Nokia Symbian and IBM XL C/C++ compilers cannot decide between
1603 // const T& and const T* in a function template.  These compilers
1604 // _can_ decide between class template specializations for T and T*,
1605 // so a tr1::type_traits-like is_pointer works.
1606 #if defined(__SYMBIAN32__) || defined(__IBMCPP__)
1607 # define GTEST_NEEDS_IS_POINTER_ 1
1608 #endif
1609 
1610 template <bool bool_value>
1611 struct bool_constant {
1612   typedef bool_constant<bool_value> type;
1613   static const bool value = bool_value;
1614 };
1615 template <bool bool_value> const bool bool_constant<bool_value>::value;
1616 
1617 typedef bool_constant<false> false_type;
1618 typedef bool_constant<true> true_type;
1619 
1620 template <typename T>
1621 struct is_pointer : public false_type {};
1622 
1623 template <typename T>
1624 struct is_pointer<T*> : public true_type {};
1625 
1626 template <typename Iterator>
1627 struct IteratorTraits {
1628   typedef typename Iterator::value_type value_type;
1629 };
1630 
1631 template <typename T>
1632 struct IteratorTraits<T*> {
1633   typedef T value_type;
1634 };
1635 
1636 template <typename T>
1637 struct IteratorTraits<const T*> {
1638   typedef T value_type;
1639 };
1640 
1641 #if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
1642 # define GTEST_PATH_SEP_ "\\"
1643 # define GTEST_HAS_ALT_PATH_SEP_ 1
1644 // The biggest signed integer type the compiler supports.
1645 typedef __int64 BiggestInt;
1646 #else
1647 # define GTEST_PATH_SEP_ "/"
1648 # define GTEST_HAS_ALT_PATH_SEP_ 0
1649 typedef long long BiggestInt;  // NOLINT
1650 #endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
1651 
1652 // Utilities for char.
1653 
1654 // isspace(int ch) and friends accept an unsigned char or EOF.  char
1655 // may be signed, depending on the compiler (or compiler flags).
1656 // Therefore we need to cast a char to unsigned char before calling
1657 // isspace(), etc.
1658 
1659 inline bool IsAlpha(char ch) {
1660   return isalpha(static_cast<unsigned char>(ch)) != 0;
1661 }
1662 inline bool IsAlNum(char ch) {
1663   return isalnum(static_cast<unsigned char>(ch)) != 0;
1664 }
1665 inline bool IsDigit(char ch) {
1666   return isdigit(static_cast<unsigned char>(ch)) != 0;
1667 }
1668 inline bool IsLower(char ch) {
1669   return islower(static_cast<unsigned char>(ch)) != 0;
1670 }
1671 inline bool IsSpace(char ch) {
1672   return isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(ch)) != 0;
1673 }
1674 inline bool IsUpper(char ch) {
1675   return isupper(static_cast<unsigned char>(ch)) != 0;
1676 }
1677 inline bool IsXDigit(char ch) {
1678   return isxdigit(static_cast<unsigned char>(ch)) != 0;
1679 }
1680 inline bool IsXDigit(wchar_t ch) {
1681   const unsigned char low_byte = static_cast<unsigned char>(ch);
1682   return ch == low_byte && isxdigit(low_byte) != 0;
1683 }
1684 
1685 inline char ToLower(char ch) {
1686   return static_cast<char>(tolower(static_cast<unsigned char>(ch)));
1687 }
1688 inline char ToUpper(char ch) {
1689   return static_cast<char>(toupper(static_cast<unsigned char>(ch)));
1690 }
1691 
1692 // The testing::internal::posix namespace holds wrappers for common
1693 // POSIX functions.  These wrappers hide the differences between
1694 // Windows/MSVC and POSIX systems.  Since some compilers define these
1695 // standard functions as macros, the wrapper cannot have the same name
1696 // as the wrapped function.
1697 
1698 namespace posix {
1699 
1700 // Functions with a different name on Windows.
1701 
1702 #if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
1703 
1704 typedef struct _stat StatStruct;
1705 
1706 # ifdef __BORLANDC__
1707 inline int IsATTY(int fd) { return isatty(fd); }
1708 inline int StrCaseCmp(const char* s1, const char* s2) {
1709   return stricmp(s1, s2);
1710 }
1711 inline char* StrDup(const char* src) { return strdup(src); }
1712 # else  // !__BORLANDC__
1713 #  if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
1714 inline int IsATTY(int /* fd */) { return 0; }
1715 #  else
1716 inline int IsATTY(int fd) { return _isatty(fd); }
1717 #  endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
1718 inline int StrCaseCmp(const char* s1, const char* s2) {
1719   return _stricmp(s1, s2);
1720 }
1721 inline char* StrDup(const char* src) { return _strdup(src); }
1722 # endif  // __BORLANDC__
1723 
1724 # if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
1725 inline int FileNo(FILE* file) { return reinterpret_cast<int>(_fileno(file)); }
1726 // Stat(), RmDir(), and IsDir() are not needed on Windows CE at this
1727 // time and thus not defined there.
1728 # else
1729 inline int FileNo(FILE* file) { return _fileno(file); }
1730 inline int Stat(const char* path, StatStruct* buf) { return _stat(path, buf); }
1731 inline int RmDir(const char* dir) { return _rmdir(dir); }
1732 inline bool IsDir(const StatStruct& st) {
1733   return (_S_IFDIR & st.st_mode) != 0;
1734 }
1735 # endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
1736 
1737 #else
1738 
1739 typedef struct stat StatStruct;
1740 
1741 inline int FileNo(FILE* file) { return fileno(file); }
1742 inline int IsATTY(int fd) { return isatty(fd); }
1743 inline int Stat(const char* path, StatStruct* buf) { return stat(path, buf); }
1744 inline int StrCaseCmp(const char* s1, const char* s2) {
1745   return strcasecmp(s1, s2);
1746 }
1747 inline char* StrDup(const char* src) { return strdup(src); }
1748 inline int RmDir(const char* dir) { return rmdir(dir); }
1749 inline bool IsDir(const StatStruct& st) { return S_ISDIR(st.st_mode); }
1750 
1751 #endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
1752 
1753 // Functions deprecated by MSVC 8.0.
1754 
1755 #ifdef _MSC_VER
1756 // Temporarily disable warning 4996 (deprecated function).
1757 # pragma warning(push)
1758 # pragma warning(disable:4996)
1759 #endif
1760 
1761 inline const char* StrNCpy(char* dest, const char* src, size_t n) {
1762   return strncpy(dest, src, n);
1763 }
1764 
1765 // ChDir(), FReopen(), FDOpen(), Read(), Write(), Close(), and
1766 // StrError() aren't needed on Windows CE at this time and thus not
1767 // defined there.
1768 
1769 #if !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
1770 inline int ChDir(const char* dir) { return chdir(dir); }
1771 #endif
1772 inline FILE* FOpen(const char* path, const char* mode) {
1773   return fopen(path, mode);
1774 }
1775 #if !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
1776 inline FILE *FReopen(const char* path, const char* mode, FILE* stream) {
1777   return freopen(path, mode, stream);
1778 }
1779 inline FILE* FDOpen(int fd, const char* mode) { return fdopen(fd, mode); }
1780 #endif
1781 inline int FClose(FILE* fp) { return fclose(fp); }
1782 #if !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
1783 inline int Read(int fd, void* buf, unsigned int count) {
1784   return static_cast<int>(read(fd, buf, count));
1785 }
1786 inline int Write(int fd, const void* buf, unsigned int count) {
1787   return static_cast<int>(write(fd, buf, count));
1788 }
1789 inline int Close(int fd) { return close(fd); }
1790 inline const char* StrError(int errnum) { return strerror(errnum); }
1791 #endif
1792 inline const char* GetEnv(const char* name) {
1793 #if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
1794   // We are on Windows CE, which has no environment variables.
1795   return NULL;
1796 #elif defined(__BORLANDC__) || defined(__SunOS_5_8) || defined(__SunOS_5_9)
1797   // Environment variables which we programmatically clear will be set to the
1798   // empty string rather than unset (NULL).  Handle that case.
1799   const char* const env = getenv(name);
1800   return (env != NULL && env[0] != '\0') ? env : NULL;
1801 #else
1802   return getenv(name);
1803 #endif
1804 }
1805 
1806 #ifdef _MSC_VER
1807 # pragma warning(pop)  // Restores the warning state.
1808 #endif
1809 
1810 #if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
1811 // Windows CE has no C library. The abort() function is used in
1812 // several places in Google Test. This implementation provides a reasonable
1813 // imitation of standard behaviour.
1814 void Abort();
1815 #elif defined(__ANDROID__) && defined(__mips__)
1816 // Work-around broken abort() on Android/MIPS
1817 inline void Abort() { fflush(NULL); exit(1); }
1818 #else
1819 inline void Abort() { abort(); }
1820 #endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
1821 
1822 }  // namespace posix
1823 
1824 // MSVC "deprecates" snprintf and issues warnings wherever it is used.  In
1825 // order to avoid these warnings, we need to use _snprintf or _snprintf_s on
1826 // MSVC-based platforms.  We map the GTEST_SNPRINTF_ macro to the appropriate
1827 // function in order to achieve that.  We use macro definition here because
1828 // snprintf is a variadic function.
1829 #if _MSC_VER >= 1400 && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
1830 // MSVC 2005 and above support variadic macros.
1831 # define GTEST_SNPRINTF_(buffer, size, format, ...) \
1832      _snprintf_s(buffer, size, size, format, __VA_ARGS__)
1833 #elif defined(_MSC_VER)
1834 // Windows CE does not define _snprintf_s and MSVC prior to 2005 doesn't
1835 // complain about _snprintf.
1836 # define GTEST_SNPRINTF_ _snprintf
1837 #else
1838 # define GTEST_SNPRINTF_ snprintf
1839 #endif
1840 
1841 // The maximum number a BiggestInt can represent.  This definition
1842 // works no matter BiggestInt is represented in one's complement or
1843 // two's complement.
1844 //
1845 // We cannot rely on numeric_limits in STL, as __int64 and long long
1846 // are not part of standard C++ and numeric_limits doesn't need to be
1847 // defined for them.
1848 const BiggestInt kMaxBiggestInt =
1849     ~(static_cast<BiggestInt>(1) << (8*sizeof(BiggestInt) - 1));
1850 
1851 // This template class serves as a compile-time function from size to
1852 // type.  It maps a size in bytes to a primitive type with that
1853 // size. e.g.
1854 //
1855 //   TypeWithSize<4>::UInt
1856 //
1857 // is typedef-ed to be unsigned int (unsigned integer made up of 4
1858 // bytes).
1859 //
1860 // Such functionality should belong to STL, but I cannot find it
1861 // there.
1862 //
1863 // Google Test uses this class in the implementation of floating-point
1864 // comparison.
1865 //
1866 // For now it only handles UInt (unsigned int) as that's all Google Test
1867 // needs.  Other types can be easily added in the future if need
1868 // arises.
1869 template <size_t size>
1870 class TypeWithSize {
1871  public:
1872   // This prevents the user from using TypeWithSize<N> with incorrect
1873   // values of N.
1874   typedef void UInt;
1875 };
1876 
1877 // The specialization for size 4.
1878 template <>
1879 class TypeWithSize<4> {
1880  public:
1881   // unsigned int has size 4 in both gcc and MSVC.
1882   //
1883   // As base/basictypes.h doesn't compile on Windows, we cannot use
1884   // uint32, uint64, and etc here.
1885   typedef int Int;
1886   typedef unsigned int UInt;
1887 };
1888 
1889 // The specialization for size 8.
1890 template <>
1891 class TypeWithSize<8> {
1892  public:
1893 #if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
1894   typedef __int64 Int;
1895   typedef unsigned __int64 UInt;
1896 #else
1897   typedef long long Int;  // NOLINT
1898   typedef unsigned long long UInt;  // NOLINT
1899 #endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
1900 };
1901 
1902 // Integer types of known sizes.
1903 typedef TypeWithSize<4>::Int Int32;
1904 typedef TypeWithSize<4>::UInt UInt32;
1905 typedef TypeWithSize<8>::Int Int64;
1906 typedef TypeWithSize<8>::UInt UInt64;
1907 typedef TypeWithSize<8>::Int TimeInMillis;  // Represents time in milliseconds.
1908 
1909 // Utilities for command line flags and environment variables.
1910 
1911 // Macro for referencing flags.
1912 #define GTEST_FLAG(name) FLAGS_gtest_##name
1913 
1914 // Macros for declaring flags.
1915 #define GTEST_DECLARE_bool_(name) GTEST_API_ extern bool GTEST_FLAG(name)
1916 #define GTEST_DECLARE_int32_(name) \
1917     GTEST_API_ extern ::testing::internal::Int32 GTEST_FLAG(name)
1918 #define GTEST_DECLARE_string_(name) \
1919     GTEST_API_ extern ::std::string GTEST_FLAG(name)
1920 
1921 // Macros for defining flags.
1922 #define GTEST_DEFINE_bool_(name, default_val, doc) \
1923     GTEST_API_ bool GTEST_FLAG(name) = (default_val)
1924 #define GTEST_DEFINE_int32_(name, default_val, doc) \
1925     GTEST_API_ ::testing::internal::Int32 GTEST_FLAG(name) = (default_val)
1926 #define GTEST_DEFINE_string_(name, default_val, doc) \
1927     GTEST_API_ ::std::string GTEST_FLAG(name) = (default_val)
1928 
1929 // Thread annotations
1930 #define GTEST_EXCLUSIVE_LOCK_REQUIRED_(locks)
1931 #define GTEST_LOCK_EXCLUDED_(locks)
1932 
1933 // Parses 'str' for a 32-bit signed integer.  If successful, writes the result
1934 // to *value and returns true; otherwise leaves *value unchanged and returns
1935 // false.
1936 // TODO(chandlerc): Find a better way to refactor flag and environment parsing
1937 // out of both gtest-port.cc and gtest.cc to avoid exporting this utility
1938 // function.
1939 bool ParseInt32(const Message& src_text, const char* str, Int32* value);
1940 
1941 // Parses a bool/Int32/string from the environment variable
1942 // corresponding to the given Google Test flag.
1943 bool BoolFromGTestEnv(const char* flag, bool default_val);
1944 GTEST_API_ Int32 Int32FromGTestEnv(const char* flag, Int32 default_val);
1945 const char* StringFromGTestEnv(const char* flag, const char* default_val);
1946 
1947 }  // namespace internal
1948 }  // namespace testing
1949 
1950 #endif  // GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_PORT_H_
1951