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1 //===-- LLVMSymbolize.cpp -------------------------------------------------===//
2 //
3 //                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
4 //
5 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
6 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
7 //
8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
9 //
10 // Implementation for LLVM symbolization library.
11 //
12 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
13 
14 #include "LLVMSymbolize.h"
15 #include "llvm/ADT/STLExtras.h"
16 #include "llvm/Config/config.h"
17 #include "llvm/Object/ELFObjectFile.h"
18 #include "llvm/Object/MachO.h"
19 #include "llvm/Support/Casting.h"
20 #include "llvm/Support/Compression.h"
21 #include "llvm/Support/DataExtractor.h"
22 #include "llvm/Support/Errc.h"
23 #include "llvm/Support/FileSystem.h"
24 #include "llvm/Support/MemoryBuffer.h"
25 #include "llvm/Support/Path.h"
26 #include <sstream>
27 #include <stdlib.h>
28 
29 namespace llvm {
30 namespace symbolize {
31 
error(std::error_code ec)32 static bool error(std::error_code ec) {
33   if (!ec)
34     return false;
35   errs() << "LLVMSymbolizer: error reading file: " << ec.message() << ".\n";
36   return true;
37 }
38 
39 static DILineInfoSpecifier
getDILineInfoSpecifier(const LLVMSymbolizer::Options & Opts)40 getDILineInfoSpecifier(const LLVMSymbolizer::Options &Opts) {
41   return DILineInfoSpecifier(
42       DILineInfoSpecifier::FileLineInfoKind::AbsoluteFilePath,
43       Opts.PrintFunctions);
44 }
45 
ModuleInfo(ObjectFile * Obj,DIContext * DICtx)46 ModuleInfo::ModuleInfo(ObjectFile *Obj, DIContext *DICtx)
47     : Module(Obj), DebugInfoContext(DICtx) {
48   std::unique_ptr<DataExtractor> OpdExtractor;
49   uint64_t OpdAddress = 0;
50   // Find the .opd (function descriptor) section if any, for big-endian
51   // PowerPC64 ELF.
52   if (Module->getArch() == Triple::ppc64) {
53     for (section_iterator Section : Module->sections()) {
54       StringRef Name;
55       if (!error(Section->getName(Name)) && Name == ".opd") {
56         StringRef Data;
57         if (!error(Section->getContents(Data))) {
58           OpdExtractor.reset(new DataExtractor(Data, Module->isLittleEndian(),
59                                                Module->getBytesInAddress()));
60           OpdAddress = Section->getAddress();
61         }
62         break;
63       }
64     }
65   }
66   for (const SymbolRef &Symbol : Module->symbols()) {
67     addSymbol(Symbol, OpdExtractor.get(), OpdAddress);
68   }
69   bool NoSymbolTable = (Module->symbol_begin() == Module->symbol_end());
70   if (NoSymbolTable && Module->isELF()) {
71     // Fallback to dynamic symbol table, if regular symbol table is stripped.
72     std::pair<symbol_iterator, symbol_iterator> IDyn =
73         getELFDynamicSymbolIterators(Module);
74     for (symbol_iterator si = IDyn.first, se = IDyn.second; si != se; ++si) {
75       addSymbol(*si, OpdExtractor.get(), OpdAddress);
76     }
77   }
78 }
79 
addSymbol(const SymbolRef & Symbol,DataExtractor * OpdExtractor,uint64_t OpdAddress)80 void ModuleInfo::addSymbol(const SymbolRef &Symbol, DataExtractor *OpdExtractor,
81                            uint64_t OpdAddress) {
82   SymbolRef::Type SymbolType;
83   if (error(Symbol.getType(SymbolType)))
84     return;
85   if (SymbolType != SymbolRef::ST_Function && SymbolType != SymbolRef::ST_Data)
86     return;
87   uint64_t SymbolAddress;
88   if (error(Symbol.getAddress(SymbolAddress)) ||
89       SymbolAddress == UnknownAddressOrSize)
90     return;
91   if (OpdExtractor) {
92     // For big-endian PowerPC64 ELF, symbols in the .opd section refer to
93     // function descriptors. The first word of the descriptor is a pointer to
94     // the function's code.
95     // For the purposes of symbolization, pretend the symbol's address is that
96     // of the function's code, not the descriptor.
97     uint64_t OpdOffset = SymbolAddress - OpdAddress;
98     uint32_t OpdOffset32 = OpdOffset;
99     if (OpdOffset == OpdOffset32 &&
100         OpdExtractor->isValidOffsetForAddress(OpdOffset32))
101       SymbolAddress = OpdExtractor->getAddress(&OpdOffset32);
102   }
103   uint64_t SymbolSize;
104   // Getting symbol size is linear for Mach-O files, so assume that symbol
105   // occupies the memory range up to the following symbol.
106   if (isa<MachOObjectFile>(Module))
107     SymbolSize = 0;
108   else if (error(Symbol.getSize(SymbolSize)) ||
109            SymbolSize == UnknownAddressOrSize)
110     return;
111   StringRef SymbolName;
112   if (error(Symbol.getName(SymbolName)))
113     return;
114   // Mach-O symbol table names have leading underscore, skip it.
115   if (Module->isMachO() && SymbolName.size() > 0 && SymbolName[0] == '_')
116     SymbolName = SymbolName.drop_front();
117   // FIXME: If a function has alias, there are two entries in symbol table
118   // with same address size. Make sure we choose the correct one.
119   auto &M = SymbolType == SymbolRef::ST_Function ? Functions : Objects;
120   SymbolDesc SD = { SymbolAddress, SymbolSize };
121   M.insert(std::make_pair(SD, SymbolName));
122 }
123 
getNameFromSymbolTable(SymbolRef::Type Type,uint64_t Address,std::string & Name,uint64_t & Addr,uint64_t & Size) const124 bool ModuleInfo::getNameFromSymbolTable(SymbolRef::Type Type, uint64_t Address,
125                                         std::string &Name, uint64_t &Addr,
126                                         uint64_t &Size) const {
127   const auto &SymbolMap = Type == SymbolRef::ST_Function ? Functions : Objects;
128   if (SymbolMap.empty())
129     return false;
130   SymbolDesc SD = { Address, Address };
131   auto SymbolIterator = SymbolMap.upper_bound(SD);
132   if (SymbolIterator == SymbolMap.begin())
133     return false;
134   --SymbolIterator;
135   if (SymbolIterator->first.Size != 0 &&
136       SymbolIterator->first.Addr + SymbolIterator->first.Size <= Address)
137     return false;
138   Name = SymbolIterator->second.str();
139   Addr = SymbolIterator->first.Addr;
140   Size = SymbolIterator->first.Size;
141   return true;
142 }
143 
symbolizeCode(uint64_t ModuleOffset,const LLVMSymbolizer::Options & Opts) const144 DILineInfo ModuleInfo::symbolizeCode(
145     uint64_t ModuleOffset, const LLVMSymbolizer::Options &Opts) const {
146   DILineInfo LineInfo;
147   if (DebugInfoContext) {
148     LineInfo = DebugInfoContext->getLineInfoForAddress(
149         ModuleOffset, getDILineInfoSpecifier(Opts));
150   }
151   // Override function name from symbol table if necessary.
152   if (Opts.PrintFunctions != FunctionNameKind::None && Opts.UseSymbolTable) {
153     std::string FunctionName;
154     uint64_t Start, Size;
155     if (getNameFromSymbolTable(SymbolRef::ST_Function, ModuleOffset,
156                                FunctionName, Start, Size)) {
157       LineInfo.FunctionName = FunctionName;
158     }
159   }
160   return LineInfo;
161 }
162 
symbolizeInlinedCode(uint64_t ModuleOffset,const LLVMSymbolizer::Options & Opts) const163 DIInliningInfo ModuleInfo::symbolizeInlinedCode(
164     uint64_t ModuleOffset, const LLVMSymbolizer::Options &Opts) const {
165   DIInliningInfo InlinedContext;
166   if (DebugInfoContext) {
167     InlinedContext = DebugInfoContext->getInliningInfoForAddress(
168         ModuleOffset, getDILineInfoSpecifier(Opts));
169   }
170   // Make sure there is at least one frame in context.
171   if (InlinedContext.getNumberOfFrames() == 0) {
172     InlinedContext.addFrame(DILineInfo());
173   }
174   // Override the function name in lower frame with name from symbol table.
175   if (Opts.PrintFunctions != FunctionNameKind::None && Opts.UseSymbolTable) {
176     DIInliningInfo PatchedInlinedContext;
177     for (uint32_t i = 0, n = InlinedContext.getNumberOfFrames(); i < n; i++) {
178       DILineInfo LineInfo = InlinedContext.getFrame(i);
179       if (i == n - 1) {
180         std::string FunctionName;
181         uint64_t Start, Size;
182         if (getNameFromSymbolTable(SymbolRef::ST_Function, ModuleOffset,
183                                    FunctionName, Start, Size)) {
184           LineInfo.FunctionName = FunctionName;
185         }
186       }
187       PatchedInlinedContext.addFrame(LineInfo);
188     }
189     InlinedContext = PatchedInlinedContext;
190   }
191   return InlinedContext;
192 }
193 
symbolizeData(uint64_t ModuleOffset,std::string & Name,uint64_t & Start,uint64_t & Size) const194 bool ModuleInfo::symbolizeData(uint64_t ModuleOffset, std::string &Name,
195                                uint64_t &Start, uint64_t &Size) const {
196   return getNameFromSymbolTable(SymbolRef::ST_Data, ModuleOffset, Name, Start,
197                                 Size);
198 }
199 
200 const char LLVMSymbolizer::kBadString[] = "??";
201 
symbolizeCode(const std::string & ModuleName,uint64_t ModuleOffset)202 std::string LLVMSymbolizer::symbolizeCode(const std::string &ModuleName,
203                                           uint64_t ModuleOffset) {
204   ModuleInfo *Info = getOrCreateModuleInfo(ModuleName);
205   if (!Info)
206     return printDILineInfo(DILineInfo());
207   if (Opts.PrintInlining) {
208     DIInliningInfo InlinedContext =
209         Info->symbolizeInlinedCode(ModuleOffset, Opts);
210     uint32_t FramesNum = InlinedContext.getNumberOfFrames();
211     assert(FramesNum > 0);
212     std::string Result;
213     for (uint32_t i = 0; i < FramesNum; i++) {
214       DILineInfo LineInfo = InlinedContext.getFrame(i);
215       Result += printDILineInfo(LineInfo);
216     }
217     return Result;
218   }
219   DILineInfo LineInfo = Info->symbolizeCode(ModuleOffset, Opts);
220   return printDILineInfo(LineInfo);
221 }
222 
symbolizeData(const std::string & ModuleName,uint64_t ModuleOffset)223 std::string LLVMSymbolizer::symbolizeData(const std::string &ModuleName,
224                                           uint64_t ModuleOffset) {
225   std::string Name = kBadString;
226   uint64_t Start = 0;
227   uint64_t Size = 0;
228   if (Opts.UseSymbolTable) {
229     if (ModuleInfo *Info = getOrCreateModuleInfo(ModuleName)) {
230       if (Info->symbolizeData(ModuleOffset, Name, Start, Size) && Opts.Demangle)
231         Name = DemangleName(Name);
232     }
233   }
234   std::stringstream ss;
235   ss << Name << "\n" << Start << " " << Size << "\n";
236   return ss.str();
237 }
238 
flush()239 void LLVMSymbolizer::flush() {
240   DeleteContainerSeconds(Modules);
241   ObjectPairForPathArch.clear();
242   ObjectFileForArch.clear();
243 }
244 
245 // For Path="/path/to/foo" and Basename="foo" assume that debug info is in
246 // /path/to/foo.dSYM/Contents/Resources/DWARF/foo.
247 // For Path="/path/to/bar.dSYM" and Basename="foo" assume that debug info is in
248 // /path/to/bar.dSYM/Contents/Resources/DWARF/foo.
249 static
getDarwinDWARFResourceForPath(const std::string & Path,const std::string & Basename)250 std::string getDarwinDWARFResourceForPath(
251     const std::string &Path, const std::string &Basename) {
252   SmallString<16> ResourceName = StringRef(Path);
253   if (sys::path::extension(Path) != ".dSYM") {
254     ResourceName += ".dSYM";
255   }
256   sys::path::append(ResourceName, "Contents", "Resources", "DWARF");
257   sys::path::append(ResourceName, Basename);
258   return ResourceName.str();
259 }
260 
checkFileCRC(StringRef Path,uint32_t CRCHash)261 static bool checkFileCRC(StringRef Path, uint32_t CRCHash) {
262   ErrorOr<std::unique_ptr<MemoryBuffer>> MB =
263       MemoryBuffer::getFileOrSTDIN(Path);
264   if (!MB)
265     return false;
266   return !zlib::isAvailable() || CRCHash == zlib::crc32(MB.get()->getBuffer());
267 }
268 
findDebugBinary(const std::string & OrigPath,const std::string & DebuglinkName,uint32_t CRCHash,std::string & Result)269 static bool findDebugBinary(const std::string &OrigPath,
270                             const std::string &DebuglinkName, uint32_t CRCHash,
271                             std::string &Result) {
272   std::string OrigRealPath = OrigPath;
273 #if defined(HAVE_REALPATH)
274   if (char *RP = realpath(OrigPath.c_str(), nullptr)) {
275     OrigRealPath = RP;
276     free(RP);
277   }
278 #endif
279   SmallString<16> OrigDir(OrigRealPath);
280   llvm::sys::path::remove_filename(OrigDir);
281   SmallString<16> DebugPath = OrigDir;
282   // Try /path/to/original_binary/debuglink_name
283   llvm::sys::path::append(DebugPath, DebuglinkName);
284   if (checkFileCRC(DebugPath, CRCHash)) {
285     Result = DebugPath.str();
286     return true;
287   }
288   // Try /path/to/original_binary/.debug/debuglink_name
289   DebugPath = OrigRealPath;
290   llvm::sys::path::append(DebugPath, ".debug", DebuglinkName);
291   if (checkFileCRC(DebugPath, CRCHash)) {
292     Result = DebugPath.str();
293     return true;
294   }
295   // Try /usr/lib/debug/path/to/original_binary/debuglink_name
296   DebugPath = "/usr/lib/debug";
297   llvm::sys::path::append(DebugPath, llvm::sys::path::relative_path(OrigDir),
298                           DebuglinkName);
299   if (checkFileCRC(DebugPath, CRCHash)) {
300     Result = DebugPath.str();
301     return true;
302   }
303   return false;
304 }
305 
getGNUDebuglinkContents(const ObjectFile * Obj,std::string & DebugName,uint32_t & CRCHash)306 static bool getGNUDebuglinkContents(const ObjectFile *Obj, std::string &DebugName,
307                                     uint32_t &CRCHash) {
308   if (!Obj)
309     return false;
310   for (const SectionRef &Section : Obj->sections()) {
311     StringRef Name;
312     Section.getName(Name);
313     Name = Name.substr(Name.find_first_not_of("._"));
314     if (Name == "gnu_debuglink") {
315       StringRef Data;
316       Section.getContents(Data);
317       DataExtractor DE(Data, Obj->isLittleEndian(), 0);
318       uint32_t Offset = 0;
319       if (const char *DebugNameStr = DE.getCStr(&Offset)) {
320         // 4-byte align the offset.
321         Offset = (Offset + 3) & ~0x3;
322         if (DE.isValidOffsetForDataOfSize(Offset, 4)) {
323           DebugName = DebugNameStr;
324           CRCHash = DE.getU32(&Offset);
325           return true;
326         }
327       }
328       break;
329     }
330   }
331   return false;
332 }
333 
334 static
darwinDsymMatchesBinary(const MachOObjectFile * DbgObj,const MachOObjectFile * Obj)335 bool darwinDsymMatchesBinary(const MachOObjectFile *DbgObj,
336                              const MachOObjectFile *Obj) {
337   ArrayRef<uint8_t> dbg_uuid = DbgObj->getUuid();
338   ArrayRef<uint8_t> bin_uuid = Obj->getUuid();
339   if (dbg_uuid.empty() || bin_uuid.empty())
340     return false;
341   return !memcmp(dbg_uuid.data(), bin_uuid.data(), dbg_uuid.size());
342 }
343 
lookUpDsymFile(const std::string & ExePath,const MachOObjectFile * MachExeObj,const std::string & ArchName)344 ObjectFile *LLVMSymbolizer::lookUpDsymFile(const std::string &ExePath,
345     const MachOObjectFile *MachExeObj, const std::string &ArchName) {
346   // On Darwin we may find DWARF in separate object file in
347   // resource directory.
348   std::vector<std::string> DsymPaths;
349   StringRef Filename = sys::path::filename(ExePath);
350   DsymPaths.push_back(getDarwinDWARFResourceForPath(ExePath, Filename));
351   for (const auto &Path : Opts.DsymHints) {
352     DsymPaths.push_back(getDarwinDWARFResourceForPath(Path, Filename));
353   }
354   for (const auto &path : DsymPaths) {
355     ErrorOr<OwningBinary<Binary>> BinaryOrErr = createBinary(path);
356     std::error_code EC = BinaryOrErr.getError();
357     if (EC != errc::no_such_file_or_directory && !error(EC)) {
358       OwningBinary<Binary> B = std::move(BinaryOrErr.get());
359       ObjectFile *DbgObj =
360           getObjectFileFromBinary(B.getBinary(), ArchName);
361       const MachOObjectFile *MachDbgObj =
362           dyn_cast<const MachOObjectFile>(DbgObj);
363       if (!MachDbgObj) continue;
364       if (darwinDsymMatchesBinary(MachDbgObj, MachExeObj)) {
365         addOwningBinary(std::move(B));
366         return DbgObj;
367       }
368     }
369   }
370   return nullptr;
371 }
372 
373 LLVMSymbolizer::ObjectPair
getOrCreateObjects(const std::string & Path,const std::string & ArchName)374 LLVMSymbolizer::getOrCreateObjects(const std::string &Path,
375                                    const std::string &ArchName) {
376   const auto &I = ObjectPairForPathArch.find(std::make_pair(Path, ArchName));
377   if (I != ObjectPairForPathArch.end())
378     return I->second;
379   ObjectFile *Obj = nullptr;
380   ObjectFile *DbgObj = nullptr;
381   ErrorOr<OwningBinary<Binary>> BinaryOrErr = createBinary(Path);
382   if (!error(BinaryOrErr.getError())) {
383     OwningBinary<Binary> &B = BinaryOrErr.get();
384     Obj = getObjectFileFromBinary(B.getBinary(), ArchName);
385     if (!Obj) {
386       ObjectPair Res = std::make_pair(nullptr, nullptr);
387       ObjectPairForPathArch[std::make_pair(Path, ArchName)] = Res;
388       return Res;
389     }
390     addOwningBinary(std::move(B));
391     if (auto MachObj = dyn_cast<const MachOObjectFile>(Obj))
392       DbgObj = lookUpDsymFile(Path, MachObj, ArchName);
393     // Try to locate the debug binary using .gnu_debuglink section.
394     if (!DbgObj) {
395       std::string DebuglinkName;
396       uint32_t CRCHash;
397       std::string DebugBinaryPath;
398       if (getGNUDebuglinkContents(Obj, DebuglinkName, CRCHash) &&
399           findDebugBinary(Path, DebuglinkName, CRCHash, DebugBinaryPath)) {
400         BinaryOrErr = createBinary(DebugBinaryPath);
401         if (!error(BinaryOrErr.getError())) {
402           OwningBinary<Binary> B = std::move(BinaryOrErr.get());
403           DbgObj = getObjectFileFromBinary(B.getBinary(), ArchName);
404           addOwningBinary(std::move(B));
405         }
406       }
407     }
408   }
409   if (!DbgObj)
410     DbgObj = Obj;
411   ObjectPair Res = std::make_pair(Obj, DbgObj);
412   ObjectPairForPathArch[std::make_pair(Path, ArchName)] = Res;
413   return Res;
414 }
415 
416 ObjectFile *
getObjectFileFromBinary(Binary * Bin,const std::string & ArchName)417 LLVMSymbolizer::getObjectFileFromBinary(Binary *Bin,
418                                         const std::string &ArchName) {
419   if (!Bin)
420     return nullptr;
421   ObjectFile *Res = nullptr;
422   if (MachOUniversalBinary *UB = dyn_cast<MachOUniversalBinary>(Bin)) {
423     const auto &I = ObjectFileForArch.find(
424         std::make_pair(UB, ArchName));
425     if (I != ObjectFileForArch.end())
426       return I->second;
427     ErrorOr<std::unique_ptr<ObjectFile>> ParsedObj =
428         UB->getObjectForArch(Triple(ArchName).getArch());
429     if (ParsedObj) {
430       Res = ParsedObj.get().get();
431       ParsedBinariesAndObjects.push_back(std::move(ParsedObj.get()));
432     }
433     ObjectFileForArch[std::make_pair(UB, ArchName)] = Res;
434   } else if (Bin->isObject()) {
435     Res = cast<ObjectFile>(Bin);
436   }
437   return Res;
438 }
439 
440 ModuleInfo *
getOrCreateModuleInfo(const std::string & ModuleName)441 LLVMSymbolizer::getOrCreateModuleInfo(const std::string &ModuleName) {
442   const auto &I = Modules.find(ModuleName);
443   if (I != Modules.end())
444     return I->second;
445   std::string BinaryName = ModuleName;
446   std::string ArchName = Opts.DefaultArch;
447   size_t ColonPos = ModuleName.find_last_of(':');
448   // Verify that substring after colon form a valid arch name.
449   if (ColonPos != std::string::npos) {
450     std::string ArchStr = ModuleName.substr(ColonPos + 1);
451     if (Triple(ArchStr).getArch() != Triple::UnknownArch) {
452       BinaryName = ModuleName.substr(0, ColonPos);
453       ArchName = ArchStr;
454     }
455   }
456   ObjectPair Objects = getOrCreateObjects(BinaryName, ArchName);
457 
458   if (!Objects.first) {
459     // Failed to find valid object file.
460     Modules.insert(make_pair(ModuleName, (ModuleInfo *)nullptr));
461     return nullptr;
462   }
463   DIContext *Context = DIContext::getDWARFContext(*Objects.second);
464   assert(Context);
465   ModuleInfo *Info = new ModuleInfo(Objects.first, Context);
466   Modules.insert(make_pair(ModuleName, Info));
467   return Info;
468 }
469 
printDILineInfo(DILineInfo LineInfo) const470 std::string LLVMSymbolizer::printDILineInfo(DILineInfo LineInfo) const {
471   // By default, DILineInfo contains "<invalid>" for function/filename it
472   // cannot fetch. We replace it to "??" to make our output closer to addr2line.
473   static const std::string kDILineInfoBadString = "<invalid>";
474   std::stringstream Result;
475   if (Opts.PrintFunctions != FunctionNameKind::None) {
476     std::string FunctionName = LineInfo.FunctionName;
477     if (FunctionName == kDILineInfoBadString)
478       FunctionName = kBadString;
479     else if (Opts.Demangle)
480       FunctionName = DemangleName(FunctionName);
481     Result << FunctionName << "\n";
482   }
483   std::string Filename = LineInfo.FileName;
484   if (Filename == kDILineInfoBadString)
485     Filename = kBadString;
486   Result << Filename << ":" << LineInfo.Line << ":" << LineInfo.Column << "\n";
487   return Result.str();
488 }
489 
490 #if !defined(_MSC_VER)
491 // Assume that __cxa_demangle is provided by libcxxabi (except for Windows).
492 extern "C" char *__cxa_demangle(const char *mangled_name, char *output_buffer,
493                                 size_t *length, int *status);
494 #endif
495 
DemangleName(const std::string & Name)496 std::string LLVMSymbolizer::DemangleName(const std::string &Name) {
497 #if !defined(_MSC_VER)
498   // We can spoil names of symbols with C linkage, so use an heuristic
499   // approach to check if the name should be demangled.
500   if (Name.substr(0, 2) != "_Z")
501     return Name;
502   int status = 0;
503   char *DemangledName = __cxa_demangle(Name.c_str(), nullptr, nullptr, &status);
504   if (status != 0)
505     return Name;
506   std::string Result = DemangledName;
507   free(DemangledName);
508   return Result;
509 #else
510   return Name;
511 #endif
512 }
513 
514 } // namespace symbolize
515 } // namespace llvm
516