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1 // Copyright 2013 the V8 project authors. All rights reserved.
2 // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
3 // found in the LICENSE file.
4 
5 #ifndef V8_EFFECTS_H_
6 #define V8_EFFECTS_H_
7 
8 #include "src/types.h"
9 
10 namespace v8 {
11 namespace internal {
12 
13 
14 // A simple struct to represent (write) effects. A write is represented as a
15 // modification of type bounds (e.g. of a variable).
16 //
17 // An effect can either be definite, if the write is known to have taken place,
18 // or 'possible', if it was optional. The difference is relevant when composing
19 // effects.
20 //
21 // There are two ways to compose effects: sequentially (they happen one after
22 // the other) or alternatively (either one or the other happens). A definite
23 // effect cancels out any previous effect upon sequencing. A possible effect
24 // merges into a previous effect, i.e., type bounds are merged. Alternative
25 // composition always merges bounds. It yields a possible effect if at least
26 // one was only possible.
27 struct Effect {
28   enum Modality { POSSIBLE, DEFINITE };
29 
30   Modality modality;
31   Bounds bounds;
32 
EffectEffect33   Effect() : modality(DEFINITE) {}
modalityEffect34   explicit Effect(Bounds b, Modality m = DEFINITE) : modality(m), bounds(b) {}
35 
36   // The unknown effect.
UnknownEffect37   static Effect Unknown(Zone* zone) {
38     return Effect(Bounds::Unbounded(), POSSIBLE);
39   }
40 
ForgetEffect41   static Effect Forget(Zone* zone) {
42     return Effect(Bounds::Unbounded(), DEFINITE);
43   }
44 
45   // Sequential composition, as in 'e1; e2'.
SeqEffect46   static Effect Seq(Effect e1, Effect e2, Zone* zone) {
47     if (e2.modality == DEFINITE) return e2;
48     return Effect(Bounds::Either(e1.bounds, e2.bounds, zone), e1.modality);
49   }
50 
51   // Alternative composition, as in 'cond ? e1 : e2'.
AltEffect52   static Effect Alt(Effect e1, Effect e2, Zone* zone) {
53     return Effect(
54         Bounds::Either(e1.bounds, e2.bounds, zone),
55         e1.modality == POSSIBLE ? POSSIBLE : e2.modality);
56   }
57 };
58 
59 
60 // Classes encapsulating sets of effects on variables.
61 //
62 // Effects maps variables to effects and supports sequential and alternative
63 // composition.
64 //
65 // NestedEffects is an incremental representation that supports persistence
66 // through functional extension. It represents the map as an adjoin of a list
67 // of maps, whose tail can be shared.
68 //
69 // Both classes provide similar interfaces, implemented in parts through the
70 // EffectsMixin below (using sandwich style, to work around the style guide's
71 // MI restriction).
72 //
73 // We also (ab)use Effects/NestedEffects as a representation for abstract
74 // store typings. In that case, only definite effects are of interest.
75 
76 template<class Var, class Base, class Effects>
77 class EffectsMixin: public Base {
78  public:
EffectsMixin(Zone * zone)79   explicit EffectsMixin(Zone* zone) : Base(zone) {}
80 
Lookup(Var var)81   Effect Lookup(Var var) {
82     Locator locator;
83     return this->Find(var, &locator)
84         ? locator.value() : Effect::Unknown(Base::zone());
85   }
86 
LookupBounds(Var var)87   Bounds LookupBounds(Var var) {
88     Effect effect = Lookup(var);
89     return effect.modality == Effect::DEFINITE
90         ? effect.bounds : Bounds::Unbounded();
91   }
92 
93   // Sequential composition.
Seq(Var var,Effect effect)94   void Seq(Var var, Effect effect) {
95     Locator locator;
96     if (!this->Insert(var, &locator)) {
97       effect = Effect::Seq(locator.value(), effect, Base::zone());
98     }
99     locator.set_value(effect);
100   }
101 
Seq(Effects that)102   void Seq(Effects that) {
103     SeqMerger<EffectsMixin> merge = { *this };
104     that.ForEach(&merge);
105   }
106 
107   // Alternative composition.
Alt(Var var,Effect effect)108   void Alt(Var var, Effect effect) {
109     Locator locator;
110     if (!this->Insert(var, &locator)) {
111       effect = Effect::Alt(locator.value(), effect, Base::zone());
112     }
113     locator.set_value(effect);
114   }
115 
Alt(Effects that)116   void Alt(Effects that) {
117     AltWeakener<EffectsMixin> weaken = { *this, that };
118     this->ForEach(&weaken);
119     AltMerger<EffectsMixin> merge = { *this };
120     that.ForEach(&merge);
121   }
122 
123   // Invalidation.
Forget()124   void Forget() {
125     Overrider override = {
126         Effect::Forget(Base::zone()), Effects(Base::zone()) };
127     this->ForEach(&override);
128     Seq(override.effects);
129   }
130 
131  protected:
132   typedef typename Base::Locator Locator;
133 
134   template<class Self>
135   struct SeqMerger {
CallSeqMerger136     void Call(Var var, Effect effect) { self.Seq(var, effect); }
137     Self self;
138   };
139 
140   template<class Self>
141   struct AltMerger {
CallAltMerger142     void Call(Var var, Effect effect) { self.Alt(var, effect); }
143     Self self;
144   };
145 
146   template<class Self>
147   struct AltWeakener {
CallAltWeakener148     void Call(Var var, Effect effect) {
149       if (effect.modality == Effect::DEFINITE && !other.Contains(var)) {
150         effect.modality = Effect::POSSIBLE;
151         Locator locator;
152         self.Insert(var, &locator);
153         locator.set_value(effect);
154       }
155     }
156     Self self;
157     Effects other;
158   };
159 
160   struct Overrider {
CallOverrider161     void Call(Var var, Effect effect) { effects.Seq(var, new_effect); }
162     Effect new_effect;
163     Effects effects;
164   };
165 };
166 
167 
168 template<class Var, Var kNoVar> class Effects;
169 template<class Var, Var kNoVar> class NestedEffectsBase;
170 
171 template<class Var, Var kNoVar>
172 class EffectsBase {
173  public:
EffectsBase(Zone * zone)174   explicit EffectsBase(Zone* zone) : map_(new(zone) Mapping(zone)) {}
175 
IsEmpty()176   bool IsEmpty() { return map_->is_empty(); }
177 
178  protected:
179   friend class NestedEffectsBase<Var, kNoVar>;
180   friend class
181       EffectsMixin<Var, NestedEffectsBase<Var, kNoVar>, Effects<Var, kNoVar> >;
182 
zone()183   Zone* zone() { return map_->allocator().zone(); }
184 
185   struct SplayTreeConfig {
186     typedef Var Key;
187     typedef Effect Value;
188     static const Var kNoKey = kNoVar;
NoValueSplayTreeConfig189     static Effect NoValue() { return Effect(); }
CompareSplayTreeConfig190     static int Compare(int x, int y) { return y - x; }
191   };
192   typedef ZoneSplayTree<SplayTreeConfig> Mapping;
193   typedef typename Mapping::Locator Locator;
194 
Contains(Var var)195   bool Contains(Var var) {
196     DCHECK(var != kNoVar);
197     return map_->Contains(var);
198   }
Find(Var var,Locator * locator)199   bool Find(Var var, Locator* locator) {
200     DCHECK(var != kNoVar);
201     return map_->Find(var, locator);
202   }
Insert(Var var,Locator * locator)203   bool Insert(Var var, Locator* locator) {
204     DCHECK(var != kNoVar);
205     return map_->Insert(var, locator);
206   }
207 
208   template<class Callback>
ForEach(Callback * callback)209   void ForEach(Callback* callback) {
210     return map_->ForEach(callback);
211   }
212 
213  private:
214   Mapping* map_;
215 };
216 
217 template<class Var, Var kNoVar>
218 const Var EffectsBase<Var, kNoVar>::SplayTreeConfig::kNoKey;
219 
220 template<class Var, Var kNoVar>
221 class Effects: public
222     EffectsMixin<Var, EffectsBase<Var, kNoVar>, Effects<Var, kNoVar> > {
223  public:
Effects(Zone * zone)224   explicit Effects(Zone* zone)
225       : EffectsMixin<Var, EffectsBase<Var, kNoVar>, Effects<Var, kNoVar> >(zone)
226           {}
227 };
228 
229 
230 template<class Var, Var kNoVar>
231 class NestedEffectsBase {
232  public:
NestedEffectsBase(Zone * zone)233   explicit NestedEffectsBase(Zone* zone) : node_(new(zone) Node(zone)) {}
234 
235   template<class Callback>
ForEach(Callback * callback)236   void ForEach(Callback* callback) {
237     if (node_->previous) NestedEffectsBase(node_->previous).ForEach(callback);
238     node_->effects.ForEach(callback);
239   }
240 
Top()241   Effects<Var, kNoVar> Top() { return node_->effects; }
242 
IsEmpty()243   bool IsEmpty() {
244     for (Node* node = node_; node != NULL; node = node->previous) {
245       if (!node->effects.IsEmpty()) return false;
246     }
247     return true;
248   }
249 
250  protected:
251   typedef typename EffectsBase<Var, kNoVar>::Locator Locator;
252 
zone()253   Zone* zone() { return node_->zone; }
254 
push()255   void push() { node_ = new(node_->zone) Node(node_->zone, node_); }
pop()256   void pop() { node_ = node_->previous; }
is_empty()257   bool is_empty() { return node_ == NULL; }
258 
Contains(Var var)259   bool Contains(Var var) {
260     DCHECK(var != kNoVar);
261     for (Node* node = node_; node != NULL; node = node->previous) {
262       if (node->effects.Contains(var)) return true;
263     }
264     return false;
265   }
266 
Find(Var var,Locator * locator)267   bool Find(Var var, Locator* locator) {
268     DCHECK(var != kNoVar);
269     for (Node* node = node_; node != NULL; node = node->previous) {
270       if (node->effects.Find(var, locator)) return true;
271     }
272     return false;
273   }
274 
275   bool Insert(Var var, Locator* locator);
276 
277  private:
278   struct Node: ZoneObject {
279     Zone* zone;
280     Effects<Var, kNoVar> effects;
281     Node* previous;
282     explicit Node(Zone* zone, Node* previous = NULL)
zoneNode283         : zone(zone), effects(zone), previous(previous) {}
284   };
285 
NestedEffectsBase(Node * node)286   explicit NestedEffectsBase(Node* node) : node_(node) {}
287 
288   Node* node_;
289 };
290 
291 
292 template<class Var, Var kNoVar>
Insert(Var var,Locator * locator)293 bool NestedEffectsBase<Var, kNoVar>::Insert(Var var, Locator* locator) {
294   DCHECK(var != kNoVar);
295   if (!node_->effects.Insert(var, locator)) return false;
296   Locator shadowed;
297   for (Node* node = node_->previous; node != NULL; node = node->previous) {
298     if (node->effects.Find(var, &shadowed)) {
299       // Initialize with shadowed entry.
300       locator->set_value(shadowed.value());
301       return false;
302     }
303   }
304   return true;
305 }
306 
307 
308 template<class Var, Var kNoVar>
309 class NestedEffects: public
310     EffectsMixin<Var, NestedEffectsBase<Var, kNoVar>, Effects<Var, kNoVar> > {
311  public:
NestedEffects(Zone * zone)312   explicit NestedEffects(Zone* zone) :
313       EffectsMixin<Var, NestedEffectsBase<Var, kNoVar>, Effects<Var, kNoVar> >(
314           zone) {}
315 
316   // Create an extension of the current effect set. The current set should not
317   // be modified while the extension is in use.
Push()318   NestedEffects Push() {
319     NestedEffects result = *this;
320     result.push();
321     return result;
322   }
323 
Pop()324   NestedEffects Pop() {
325     NestedEffects result = *this;
326     result.pop();
327     DCHECK(!this->is_empty());
328     return result;
329   }
330 };
331 
332 }  // namespace internal
333 }  // namespace v8
334 
335 #endif  // V8_EFFECTS_H_
336