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1 // Copyright 2012 the V8 project authors. All rights reserved.
2 // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
3 // found in the LICENSE file.
4 
5 #ifndef V8_HASHMAP_H_
6 #define V8_HASHMAP_H_
7 
8 #include "src/allocation.h"
9 #include "src/base/bits.h"
10 #include "src/base/logging.h"
11 #include "src/utils.h"
12 
13 namespace v8 {
14 namespace internal {
15 
16 template<class AllocationPolicy>
17 class TemplateHashMapImpl {
18  public:
19   typedef bool (*MatchFun) (void* key1, void* key2);
20 
21   // The default capacity.  This is used by the call sites which want
22   // to pass in a non-default AllocationPolicy but want to use the
23   // default value of capacity specified by the implementation.
24   static const uint32_t kDefaultHashMapCapacity = 8;
25 
26   // initial_capacity is the size of the initial hash map;
27   // it must be a power of 2 (and thus must not be 0).
28   TemplateHashMapImpl(MatchFun match,
29                       uint32_t capacity = kDefaultHashMapCapacity,
30                       AllocationPolicy allocator = AllocationPolicy());
31 
32   ~TemplateHashMapImpl();
33 
34   // HashMap entries are (key, value, hash) triplets.
35   // Some clients may not need to use the value slot
36   // (e.g. implementers of sets, where the key is the value).
37   struct Entry {
38     void* key;
39     void* value;
40     uint32_t hash;  // The full hash value for key
41     int order;  // If you never remove entries this is the insertion order.
42   };
43 
44   // If an entry with matching key is found, returns that entry.
45   // Otherwise, NULL is returned.
46   Entry* Lookup(void* key, uint32_t hash) const;
47 
48   // If an entry with matching key is found, returns that entry.
49   // If no matching entry is found, a new entry is inserted with
50   // corresponding key, key hash, and NULL value.
51   Entry* LookupOrInsert(void* key, uint32_t hash,
52                         AllocationPolicy allocator = AllocationPolicy());
53 
54   // Removes the entry with matching key.
55   // It returns the value of the deleted entry
56   // or null if there is no value for such key.
57   void* Remove(void* key, uint32_t hash);
58 
59   // Empties the hash map (occupancy() == 0).
60   void Clear();
61 
62   // The number of (non-empty) entries in the table.
occupancy()63   uint32_t occupancy() const { return occupancy_; }
64 
65   // The capacity of the table. The implementation
66   // makes sure that occupancy is at most 80% of
67   // the table capacity.
capacity()68   uint32_t capacity() const { return capacity_; }
69 
70   // Iteration
71   //
72   // for (Entry* p = map.Start(); p != NULL; p = map.Next(p)) {
73   //   ...
74   // }
75   //
76   // If entries are inserted during iteration, the effect of
77   // calling Next() is undefined.
78   Entry* Start() const;
79   Entry* Next(Entry* p) const;
80 
81   // Some match functions defined for convenience.
PointersMatch(void * key1,void * key2)82   static bool PointersMatch(void* key1, void* key2) {
83     return key1 == key2;
84   }
85 
86  private:
87   MatchFun match_;
88   Entry* map_;
89   uint32_t capacity_;
90   uint32_t occupancy_;
91 
map_end()92   Entry* map_end() const { return map_ + capacity_; }
93   Entry* Probe(void* key, uint32_t hash) const;
94   void Initialize(uint32_t capacity, AllocationPolicy allocator);
95   void Resize(AllocationPolicy allocator);
96 };
97 
98 typedef TemplateHashMapImpl<FreeStoreAllocationPolicy> HashMap;
99 
100 template<class AllocationPolicy>
TemplateHashMapImpl(MatchFun match,uint32_t initial_capacity,AllocationPolicy allocator)101 TemplateHashMapImpl<AllocationPolicy>::TemplateHashMapImpl(
102     MatchFun match, uint32_t initial_capacity, AllocationPolicy allocator) {
103   match_ = match;
104   Initialize(initial_capacity, allocator);
105 }
106 
107 
108 template<class AllocationPolicy>
~TemplateHashMapImpl()109 TemplateHashMapImpl<AllocationPolicy>::~TemplateHashMapImpl() {
110   AllocationPolicy::Delete(map_);
111 }
112 
113 
114 template <class AllocationPolicy>
115 typename TemplateHashMapImpl<AllocationPolicy>::Entry*
Lookup(void * key,uint32_t hash)116 TemplateHashMapImpl<AllocationPolicy>::Lookup(void* key, uint32_t hash) const {
117   Entry* p = Probe(key, hash);
118   return p->key != NULL ? p : NULL;
119 }
120 
121 
122 template <class AllocationPolicy>
123 typename TemplateHashMapImpl<AllocationPolicy>::Entry*
LookupOrInsert(void * key,uint32_t hash,AllocationPolicy allocator)124 TemplateHashMapImpl<AllocationPolicy>::LookupOrInsert(
125     void* key, uint32_t hash, AllocationPolicy allocator) {
126   // Find a matching entry.
127   Entry* p = Probe(key, hash);
128   if (p->key != NULL) {
129     return p;
130   }
131 
132   // No entry found; insert one.
133   p->key = key;
134   p->value = NULL;
135   p->hash = hash;
136   p->order = occupancy_;
137   occupancy_++;
138 
139   // Grow the map if we reached >= 80% occupancy.
140   if (occupancy_ + occupancy_ / 4 >= capacity_) {
141     Resize(allocator);
142     p = Probe(key, hash);
143   }
144 
145   return p;
146 }
147 
148 
149 template<class AllocationPolicy>
Remove(void * key,uint32_t hash)150 void* TemplateHashMapImpl<AllocationPolicy>::Remove(void* key, uint32_t hash) {
151   // Lookup the entry for the key to remove.
152   Entry* p = Probe(key, hash);
153   if (p->key == NULL) {
154     // Key not found nothing to remove.
155     return NULL;
156   }
157 
158   void* value = p->value;
159   // To remove an entry we need to ensure that it does not create an empty
160   // entry that will cause the search for another entry to stop too soon. If all
161   // the entries between the entry to remove and the next empty slot have their
162   // initial position inside this interval, clearing the entry to remove will
163   // not break the search. If, while searching for the next empty entry, an
164   // entry is encountered which does not have its initial position between the
165   // entry to remove and the position looked at, then this entry can be moved to
166   // the place of the entry to remove without breaking the search for it. The
167   // entry made vacant by this move is now the entry to remove and the process
168   // starts over.
169   // Algorithm from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_addressing.
170 
171   // This guarantees loop termination as there is at least one empty entry so
172   // eventually the removed entry will have an empty entry after it.
173   DCHECK(occupancy_ < capacity_);
174 
175   // p is the candidate entry to clear. q is used to scan forwards.
176   Entry* q = p;  // Start at the entry to remove.
177   while (true) {
178     // Move q to the next entry.
179     q = q + 1;
180     if (q == map_end()) {
181       q = map_;
182     }
183 
184     // All entries between p and q have their initial position between p and q
185     // and the entry p can be cleared without breaking the search for these
186     // entries.
187     if (q->key == NULL) {
188       break;
189     }
190 
191     // Find the initial position for the entry at position q.
192     Entry* r = map_ + (q->hash & (capacity_ - 1));
193 
194     // If the entry at position q has its initial position outside the range
195     // between p and q it can be moved forward to position p and will still be
196     // found. There is now a new candidate entry for clearing.
197     if ((q > p && (r <= p || r > q)) ||
198         (q < p && (r <= p && r > q))) {
199       *p = *q;
200       p = q;
201     }
202   }
203 
204   // Clear the entry which is allowed to en emptied.
205   p->key = NULL;
206   occupancy_--;
207   return value;
208 }
209 
210 
211 template<class AllocationPolicy>
Clear()212 void TemplateHashMapImpl<AllocationPolicy>::Clear() {
213   // Mark all entries as empty.
214   const Entry* end = map_end();
215   for (Entry* p = map_; p < end; p++) {
216     p->key = NULL;
217   }
218   occupancy_ = 0;
219 }
220 
221 
222 template<class AllocationPolicy>
223 typename TemplateHashMapImpl<AllocationPolicy>::Entry*
Start()224     TemplateHashMapImpl<AllocationPolicy>::Start() const {
225   return Next(map_ - 1);
226 }
227 
228 
229 template<class AllocationPolicy>
230 typename TemplateHashMapImpl<AllocationPolicy>::Entry*
Next(Entry * p)231     TemplateHashMapImpl<AllocationPolicy>::Next(Entry* p) const {
232   const Entry* end = map_end();
233   DCHECK(map_ - 1 <= p && p < end);
234   for (p++; p < end; p++) {
235     if (p->key != NULL) {
236       return p;
237     }
238   }
239   return NULL;
240 }
241 
242 
243 template <class AllocationPolicy>
244 typename TemplateHashMapImpl<AllocationPolicy>::Entry*
Probe(void * key,uint32_t hash)245 TemplateHashMapImpl<AllocationPolicy>::Probe(void* key, uint32_t hash) const {
246   DCHECK(key != NULL);
247 
248   DCHECK(base::bits::IsPowerOfTwo32(capacity_));
249   Entry* p = map_ + (hash & (capacity_ - 1));
250   const Entry* end = map_end();
251   DCHECK(map_ <= p && p < end);
252 
253   DCHECK(occupancy_ < capacity_);  // Guarantees loop termination.
254   while (p->key != NULL && (hash != p->hash || !match_(key, p->key))) {
255     p++;
256     if (p >= end) {
257       p = map_;
258     }
259   }
260 
261   return p;
262 }
263 
264 
265 template<class AllocationPolicy>
Initialize(uint32_t capacity,AllocationPolicy allocator)266 void TemplateHashMapImpl<AllocationPolicy>::Initialize(
267     uint32_t capacity, AllocationPolicy allocator) {
268   DCHECK(base::bits::IsPowerOfTwo32(capacity));
269   map_ = reinterpret_cast<Entry*>(allocator.New(capacity * sizeof(Entry)));
270   if (map_ == NULL) {
271     v8::internal::FatalProcessOutOfMemory("HashMap::Initialize");
272     return;
273   }
274   capacity_ = capacity;
275   Clear();
276 }
277 
278 
279 template<class AllocationPolicy>
Resize(AllocationPolicy allocator)280 void TemplateHashMapImpl<AllocationPolicy>::Resize(AllocationPolicy allocator) {
281   Entry* map = map_;
282   uint32_t n = occupancy_;
283 
284   // Allocate larger map.
285   Initialize(capacity_ * 2, allocator);
286 
287   // Rehash all current entries.
288   for (Entry* p = map; n > 0; p++) {
289     if (p->key != NULL) {
290       Entry* entry = LookupOrInsert(p->key, p->hash, allocator);
291       entry->value = p->value;
292       entry->order = p->order;
293       n--;
294     }
295   }
296 
297   // Delete old map.
298   AllocationPolicy::Delete(map);
299 }
300 
301 
302 // A hash map for pointer keys and values with an STL-like interface.
303 template<class Key, class Value, class AllocationPolicy>
304 class TemplateHashMap: private TemplateHashMapImpl<AllocationPolicy> {
305  public:
306   STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof(Key*) == sizeof(void*));  // NOLINT
307   STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof(Value*) == sizeof(void*));  // NOLINT
308   struct value_type {
309     Key* first;
310     Value* second;
311   };
312 
313   class Iterator {
314    public:
315     Iterator& operator++() {
316       entry_ = map_->Next(entry_);
317       return *this;
318     }
319 
320     value_type* operator->() { return reinterpret_cast<value_type*>(entry_); }
321     bool operator!=(const Iterator& other) { return  entry_ != other.entry_; }
322 
323    private:
Iterator(const TemplateHashMapImpl<AllocationPolicy> * map,typename TemplateHashMapImpl<AllocationPolicy>::Entry * entry)324     Iterator(const TemplateHashMapImpl<AllocationPolicy>* map,
325              typename TemplateHashMapImpl<AllocationPolicy>::Entry* entry) :
326         map_(map), entry_(entry) { }
327 
328     const TemplateHashMapImpl<AllocationPolicy>* map_;
329     typename TemplateHashMapImpl<AllocationPolicy>::Entry* entry_;
330 
331     friend class TemplateHashMap;
332   };
333 
334   TemplateHashMap(
335       typename TemplateHashMapImpl<AllocationPolicy>::MatchFun match,
336       AllocationPolicy allocator = AllocationPolicy())
337         : TemplateHashMapImpl<AllocationPolicy>(
338             match,
339             TemplateHashMapImpl<AllocationPolicy>::kDefaultHashMapCapacity,
340             allocator) { }
341 
begin()342   Iterator begin() const { return Iterator(this, this->Start()); }
end()343   Iterator end() const { return Iterator(this, NULL); }
344   Iterator find(Key* key, bool insert = false,
345                 AllocationPolicy allocator = AllocationPolicy()) {
346     if (insert) {
347       return Iterator(this, this->LookupOrInsert(key, key->Hash(), allocator));
348     }
349     return Iterator(this, this->Lookup(key, key->Hash()));
350   }
351 };
352 
353 }  // namespace internal
354 }  // namespace v8
355 
356 #endif  // V8_HASHMAP_H_
357