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1 /*
2 *******************************************************************************
3 *
4 *   Copyright (C) 1999-2015, International Business Machines
5 *   Corporation and others.  All Rights Reserved.
6 *
7 *******************************************************************************
8 *   file name:  utf8.h
9 *   encoding:   US-ASCII
10 *   tab size:   8 (not used)
11 *   indentation:4
12 *
13 *   created on: 1999sep13
14 *   created by: Markus W. Scherer
15 */
16 
17 /**
18  * \file
19  * \brief C API: 8-bit Unicode handling macros
20  *
21  * This file defines macros to deal with 8-bit Unicode (UTF-8) code units (bytes) and strings.
22  *
23  * For more information see utf.h and the ICU User Guide Strings chapter
24  * (http://userguide.icu-project.org/strings).
25  *
26  * <em>Usage:</em>
27  * ICU coding guidelines for if() statements should be followed when using these macros.
28  * Compound statements (curly braces {}) must be used  for if-else-while...
29  * bodies and all macro statements should be terminated with semicolon.
30  */
31 
32 #ifndef __UTF8_H__
33 #define __UTF8_H__
34 
35 #include "unicode/umachine.h"
36 #ifndef __UTF_H__
37 #   include "unicode/utf.h"
38 #endif
39 
40 /* internal definitions ----------------------------------------------------- */
41 
42 /**
43  * \var utf8_countTrailBytes
44  * Internal array with numbers of trail bytes for any given byte used in
45  * lead byte position.
46  *
47  * This is internal since it is not meant to be called directly by external clients;
48  * however it is called by public macros in this file and thus must remain stable,
49  * and should not be hidden when other internal functions are hidden (otherwise
50  * public macros would fail to compile).
51  * @internal
52  */
53 #ifdef U_UTF8_IMPL
54 U_EXPORT const uint8_t
55 #elif defined(U_STATIC_IMPLEMENTATION) || defined(U_COMMON_IMPLEMENTATION)
56 U_CFUNC const uint8_t
57 #else
58 U_CFUNC U_IMPORT const uint8_t /* U_IMPORT2? */ /*U_IMPORT*/
59 #endif
60 utf8_countTrailBytes[256];
61 
62 /**
63  * Counts the trail bytes for a UTF-8 lead byte.
64  * Returns 0 for 0..0xbf as well as for 0xfe and 0xff.
65  *
66  * This is internal since it is not meant to be called directly by external clients;
67  * however it is called by public macros in this file and thus must remain stable.
68  *
69  * Note: Beginning with ICU 50, the implementation uses a multi-condition expression
70  * which was shown in 2012 (on x86-64) to compile to fast, branch-free code.
71  * leadByte is evaluated multiple times.
72  *
73  * The pre-ICU 50 implementation used the exported array utf8_countTrailBytes:
74  * #define U8_COUNT_TRAIL_BYTES(leadByte) (utf8_countTrailBytes[leadByte])
75  * leadByte was evaluated exactly once.
76  *
77  * @param leadByte The first byte of a UTF-8 sequence. Must be 0..0xff.
78  * @internal
79  */
80 #define U8_COUNT_TRAIL_BYTES(leadByte) \
81     ((uint8_t)(leadByte)<0xf0 ? \
82         ((uint8_t)(leadByte)>=0xc0)+((uint8_t)(leadByte)>=0xe0) : \
83         (uint8_t)(leadByte)<0xfe ? 3+((uint8_t)(leadByte)>=0xf8)+((uint8_t)(leadByte)>=0xfc) : 0)
84 
85 /**
86  * Counts the trail bytes for a UTF-8 lead byte of a valid UTF-8 sequence.
87  * The maximum supported lead byte is 0xf4 corresponding to U+10FFFF.
88  * leadByte might be evaluated multiple times.
89  *
90  * This is internal since it is not meant to be called directly by external clients;
91  * however it is called by public macros in this file and thus must remain stable.
92  *
93  * @param leadByte The first byte of a UTF-8 sequence. Must be 0..0xff.
94  * @internal
95  */
96 #define U8_COUNT_TRAIL_BYTES_UNSAFE(leadByte) \
97     (((leadByte)>=0xc0)+((leadByte)>=0xe0)+((leadByte)>=0xf0))
98 
99 /**
100  * Mask a UTF-8 lead byte, leave only the lower bits that form part of the code point value.
101  *
102  * This is internal since it is not meant to be called directly by external clients;
103  * however it is called by public macros in this file and thus must remain stable.
104  * @internal
105  */
106 #define U8_MASK_LEAD_BYTE(leadByte, countTrailBytes) ((leadByte)&=(1<<(6-(countTrailBytes)))-1)
107 
108 /**
109  * Function for handling "next code point" with error-checking.
110  *
111  * This is internal since it is not meant to be called directly by external clients;
112  * however it is U_STABLE (not U_INTERNAL) since it is called by public macros in this
113  * file and thus must remain stable, and should not be hidden when other internal
114  * functions are hidden (otherwise public macros would fail to compile).
115  * @internal
116  */
117 U_STABLE UChar32 U_EXPORT2
118 utf8_nextCharSafeBody(const uint8_t *s, int32_t *pi, int32_t length, UChar32 c, UBool strict);
119 
120 /**
121  * Function for handling "append code point" with error-checking.
122  *
123  * This is internal since it is not meant to be called directly by external clients;
124  * however it is U_STABLE (not U_INTERNAL) since it is called by public macros in this
125  * file and thus must remain stable, and should not be hidden when other internal
126  * functions are hidden (otherwise public macros would fail to compile).
127  * @internal
128  */
129 U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
130 utf8_appendCharSafeBody(uint8_t *s, int32_t i, int32_t length, UChar32 c, UBool *pIsError);
131 
132 /**
133  * Function for handling "previous code point" with error-checking.
134  *
135  * This is internal since it is not meant to be called directly by external clients;
136  * however it is U_STABLE (not U_INTERNAL) since it is called by public macros in this
137  * file and thus must remain stable, and should not be hidden when other internal
138  * functions are hidden (otherwise public macros would fail to compile).
139  * @internal
140  */
141 U_STABLE UChar32 U_EXPORT2
142 utf8_prevCharSafeBody(const uint8_t *s, int32_t start, int32_t *pi, UChar32 c, UBool strict);
143 
144 /**
145  * Function for handling "skip backward one code point" with error-checking.
146  *
147  * This is internal since it is not meant to be called directly by external clients;
148  * however it is U_STABLE (not U_INTERNAL) since it is called by public macros in this
149  * file and thus must remain stable, and should not be hidden when other internal
150  * functions are hidden (otherwise public macros would fail to compile).
151  * @internal
152  */
153 U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
154 utf8_back1SafeBody(const uint8_t *s, int32_t start, int32_t i);
155 
156 /* single-code point definitions -------------------------------------------- */
157 
158 /**
159  * Does this code unit (byte) encode a code point by itself (US-ASCII 0..0x7f)?
160  * @param c 8-bit code unit (byte)
161  * @return TRUE or FALSE
162  * @stable ICU 2.4
163  */
164 #define U8_IS_SINGLE(c) (((c)&0x80)==0)
165 
166 /**
167  * Is this code unit (byte) a UTF-8 lead byte?
168  * @param c 8-bit code unit (byte)
169  * @return TRUE or FALSE
170  * @stable ICU 2.4
171  */
172 #define U8_IS_LEAD(c) ((uint8_t)((c)-0xc0)<0x3e)
173 
174 /**
175  * Is this code unit (byte) a UTF-8 trail byte?
176  * @param c 8-bit code unit (byte)
177  * @return TRUE or FALSE
178  * @stable ICU 2.4
179  */
180 #define U8_IS_TRAIL(c) (((c)&0xc0)==0x80)
181 
182 /**
183  * How many code units (bytes) are used for the UTF-8 encoding
184  * of this Unicode code point?
185  * @param c 32-bit code point
186  * @return 1..4, or 0 if c is a surrogate or not a Unicode code point
187  * @stable ICU 2.4
188  */
189 #define U8_LENGTH(c) \
190     ((uint32_t)(c)<=0x7f ? 1 : \
191         ((uint32_t)(c)<=0x7ff ? 2 : \
192             ((uint32_t)(c)<=0xd7ff ? 3 : \
193                 ((uint32_t)(c)<=0xdfff || (uint32_t)(c)>0x10ffff ? 0 : \
194                     ((uint32_t)(c)<=0xffff ? 3 : 4)\
195                 ) \
196             ) \
197         ) \
198     )
199 
200 /**
201  * The maximum number of UTF-8 code units (bytes) per Unicode code point (U+0000..U+10ffff).
202  * @return 4
203  * @stable ICU 2.4
204  */
205 #define U8_MAX_LENGTH 4
206 
207 /**
208  * Get a code point from a string at a random-access offset,
209  * without changing the offset.
210  * The offset may point to either the lead byte or one of the trail bytes
211  * for a code point, in which case the macro will read all of the bytes
212  * for the code point.
213  * The result is undefined if the offset points to an illegal UTF-8
214  * byte sequence.
215  * Iteration through a string is more efficient with U8_NEXT_UNSAFE or U8_NEXT.
216  *
217  * @param s const uint8_t * string
218  * @param i string offset
219  * @param c output UChar32 variable
220  * @see U8_GET
221  * @stable ICU 2.4
222  */
223 #define U8_GET_UNSAFE(s, i, c) { \
224     int32_t _u8_get_unsafe_index=(int32_t)(i); \
225     U8_SET_CP_START_UNSAFE(s, _u8_get_unsafe_index); \
226     U8_NEXT_UNSAFE(s, _u8_get_unsafe_index, c); \
227 }
228 
229 /**
230  * Get a code point from a string at a random-access offset,
231  * without changing the offset.
232  * The offset may point to either the lead byte or one of the trail bytes
233  * for a code point, in which case the macro will read all of the bytes
234  * for the code point.
235  *
236  * The length can be negative for a NUL-terminated string.
237  *
238  * If the offset points to an illegal UTF-8 byte sequence, then
239  * c is set to a negative value.
240  * Iteration through a string is more efficient with U8_NEXT_UNSAFE or U8_NEXT.
241  *
242  * @param s const uint8_t * string
243  * @param start int32_t starting string offset
244  * @param i int32_t string offset, must be start<=i<length
245  * @param length int32_t string length
246  * @param c output UChar32 variable, set to <0 in case of an error
247  * @see U8_GET_UNSAFE
248  * @stable ICU 2.4
249  */
250 #define U8_GET(s, start, i, length, c) { \
251     int32_t _u8_get_index=(i); \
252     U8_SET_CP_START(s, start, _u8_get_index); \
253     U8_NEXT(s, _u8_get_index, length, c); \
254 }
255 
256 /**
257  * Get a code point from a string at a random-access offset,
258  * without changing the offset.
259  * The offset may point to either the lead byte or one of the trail bytes
260  * for a code point, in which case the macro will read all of the bytes
261  * for the code point.
262  *
263  * The length can be negative for a NUL-terminated string.
264  *
265  * If the offset points to an illegal UTF-8 byte sequence, then
266  * c is set to U+FFFD.
267  * Iteration through a string is more efficient with U8_NEXT_UNSAFE or U8_NEXT_OR_FFFD.
268  *
269  * This macro does not distinguish between a real U+FFFD in the text
270  * and U+FFFD returned for an ill-formed sequence.
271  * Use U8_GET() if that distinction is important.
272  *
273  * @param s const uint8_t * string
274  * @param start int32_t starting string offset
275  * @param i int32_t string offset, must be start<=i<length
276  * @param length int32_t string length
277  * @param c output UChar32 variable, set to U+FFFD in case of an error
278  * @see U8_GET
279  * @stable ICU 51
280  */
281 #define U8_GET_OR_FFFD(s, start, i, length, c) { \
282     int32_t _u8_get_index=(i); \
283     U8_SET_CP_START(s, start, _u8_get_index); \
284     U8_NEXT_OR_FFFD(s, _u8_get_index, length, c); \
285 }
286 
287 /* definitions with forward iteration --------------------------------------- */
288 
289 /**
290  * Get a code point from a string at a code point boundary offset,
291  * and advance the offset to the next code point boundary.
292  * (Post-incrementing forward iteration.)
293  * "Unsafe" macro, assumes well-formed UTF-8.
294  *
295  * The offset may point to the lead byte of a multi-byte sequence,
296  * in which case the macro will read the whole sequence.
297  * The result is undefined if the offset points to a trail byte
298  * or an illegal UTF-8 sequence.
299  *
300  * @param s const uint8_t * string
301  * @param i string offset
302  * @param c output UChar32 variable
303  * @see U8_NEXT
304  * @stable ICU 2.4
305  */
306 #define U8_NEXT_UNSAFE(s, i, c) { \
307     (c)=(uint8_t)(s)[(i)++]; \
308     if((c)>=0x80) { \
309         if((c)<0xe0) { \
310             (c)=(((c)&0x1f)<<6)|((s)[(i)++]&0x3f); \
311         } else if((c)<0xf0) { \
312             /* no need for (c&0xf) because the upper bits are truncated after <<12 in the cast to (UChar) */ \
313             (c)=(UChar)(((c)<<12)|(((s)[i]&0x3f)<<6)|((s)[(i)+1]&0x3f)); \
314             (i)+=2; \
315         } else { \
316             (c)=(((c)&7)<<18)|(((s)[i]&0x3f)<<12)|(((s)[(i)+1]&0x3f)<<6)|((s)[(i)+2]&0x3f); \
317             (i)+=3; \
318         } \
319     } \
320 }
321 
322 /**
323  * Get a code point from a string at a code point boundary offset,
324  * and advance the offset to the next code point boundary.
325  * (Post-incrementing forward iteration.)
326  * "Safe" macro, checks for illegal sequences and for string boundaries.
327  *
328  * The length can be negative for a NUL-terminated string.
329  *
330  * The offset may point to the lead byte of a multi-byte sequence,
331  * in which case the macro will read the whole sequence.
332  * If the offset points to a trail byte or an illegal UTF-8 sequence, then
333  * c is set to a negative value.
334  *
335  * @param s const uint8_t * string
336  * @param i int32_t string offset, must be i<length
337  * @param length int32_t string length
338  * @param c output UChar32 variable, set to <0 in case of an error
339  * @see U8_NEXT_UNSAFE
340  * @stable ICU 2.4
341  */
342 #define U8_NEXT(s, i, length, c) { \
343     (c)=(uint8_t)(s)[(i)++]; \
344     if((c)>=0x80) { \
345         uint8_t __t1, __t2; \
346         if( /* handle U+1000..U+CFFF inline */ \
347             (0xe0<(c) && (c)<=0xec) && \
348             (((i)+1)<(length) || (length)<0) && \
349             (__t1=(uint8_t)((s)[i]-0x80))<=0x3f && \
350             (__t2=(uint8_t)((s)[(i)+1]-0x80))<= 0x3f \
351         ) { \
352             /* no need for (c&0xf) because the upper bits are truncated after <<12 in the cast to (UChar) */ \
353             (c)=(UChar)(((c)<<12)|(__t1<<6)|__t2); \
354             (i)+=2; \
355         } else if( /* handle U+0080..U+07FF inline */ \
356             ((c)<0xe0 && (c)>=0xc2) && \
357             ((i)!=(length)) && \
358             (__t1=(uint8_t)((s)[i]-0x80))<=0x3f \
359         ) { \
360             (c)=(((c)&0x1f)<<6)|__t1; \
361             ++(i); \
362         } else { \
363             /* function call for "complicated" and error cases */ \
364             (c)=utf8_nextCharSafeBody((const uint8_t *)s, &(i), (length), c, -1); \
365         } \
366     } \
367 }
368 
369 /**
370  * Get a code point from a string at a code point boundary offset,
371  * and advance the offset to the next code point boundary.
372  * (Post-incrementing forward iteration.)
373  * "Safe" macro, checks for illegal sequences and for string boundaries.
374  *
375  * The length can be negative for a NUL-terminated string.
376  *
377  * The offset may point to the lead byte of a multi-byte sequence,
378  * in which case the macro will read the whole sequence.
379  * If the offset points to a trail byte or an illegal UTF-8 sequence, then
380  * c is set to U+FFFD.
381  *
382  * This macro does not distinguish between a real U+FFFD in the text
383  * and U+FFFD returned for an ill-formed sequence.
384  * Use U8_NEXT() if that distinction is important.
385  *
386  * @param s const uint8_t * string
387  * @param i int32_t string offset, must be i<length
388  * @param length int32_t string length
389  * @param c output UChar32 variable, set to U+FFFD in case of an error
390  * @see U8_NEXT
391  * @stable ICU 51
392  */
393 #define U8_NEXT_OR_FFFD(s, i, length, c) { \
394     (c)=(uint8_t)(s)[(i)++]; \
395     if((c)>=0x80) { \
396         uint8_t __t1, __t2; \
397         if( /* handle U+1000..U+CFFF inline */ \
398             (0xe0<(c) && (c)<=0xec) && \
399             (((i)+1)<(length) || (length)<0) && \
400             (__t1=(uint8_t)((s)[i]-0x80))<=0x3f && \
401             (__t2=(uint8_t)((s)[(i)+1]-0x80))<= 0x3f \
402         ) { \
403             /* no need for (c&0xf) because the upper bits are truncated after <<12 in the cast to (UChar) */ \
404             (c)=(UChar)(((c)<<12)|(__t1<<6)|__t2); \
405             (i)+=2; \
406         } else if( /* handle U+0080..U+07FF inline */ \
407             ((c)<0xe0 && (c)>=0xc2) && \
408             ((i)!=(length)) && \
409             (__t1=(uint8_t)((s)[i]-0x80))<=0x3f \
410         ) { \
411             (c)=(((c)&0x1f)<<6)|__t1; \
412             ++(i); \
413         } else { \
414             /* function call for "complicated" and error cases */ \
415             (c)=utf8_nextCharSafeBody((const uint8_t *)s, &(i), (length), c, -3); \
416         } \
417     } \
418 }
419 
420 /**
421  * Append a code point to a string, overwriting 1 to 4 bytes.
422  * The offset points to the current end of the string contents
423  * and is advanced (post-increment).
424  * "Unsafe" macro, assumes a valid code point and sufficient space in the string.
425  * Otherwise, the result is undefined.
426  *
427  * @param s const uint8_t * string buffer
428  * @param i string offset
429  * @param c code point to append
430  * @see U8_APPEND
431  * @stable ICU 2.4
432  */
433 #define U8_APPEND_UNSAFE(s, i, c) { \
434     if((uint32_t)(c)<=0x7f) { \
435         (s)[(i)++]=(uint8_t)(c); \
436     } else { \
437         if((uint32_t)(c)<=0x7ff) { \
438             (s)[(i)++]=(uint8_t)(((c)>>6)|0xc0); \
439         } else { \
440             if((uint32_t)(c)<=0xffff) { \
441                 (s)[(i)++]=(uint8_t)(((c)>>12)|0xe0); \
442             } else { \
443                 (s)[(i)++]=(uint8_t)(((c)>>18)|0xf0); \
444                 (s)[(i)++]=(uint8_t)((((c)>>12)&0x3f)|0x80); \
445             } \
446             (s)[(i)++]=(uint8_t)((((c)>>6)&0x3f)|0x80); \
447         } \
448         (s)[(i)++]=(uint8_t)(((c)&0x3f)|0x80); \
449     } \
450 }
451 
452 /**
453  * Append a code point to a string, overwriting 1 to 4 bytes.
454  * The offset points to the current end of the string contents
455  * and is advanced (post-increment).
456  * "Safe" macro, checks for a valid code point.
457  * If a non-ASCII code point is written, checks for sufficient space in the string.
458  * If the code point is not valid or trail bytes do not fit,
459  * then isError is set to TRUE.
460  *
461  * @param s const uint8_t * string buffer
462  * @param i int32_t string offset, must be i<capacity
463  * @param capacity int32_t size of the string buffer
464  * @param c UChar32 code point to append
465  * @param isError output UBool set to TRUE if an error occurs, otherwise not modified
466  * @see U8_APPEND_UNSAFE
467  * @stable ICU 2.4
468  */
469 #define U8_APPEND(s, i, capacity, c, isError) { \
470     if((uint32_t)(c)<=0x7f) { \
471         (s)[(i)++]=(uint8_t)(c); \
472     } else if((uint32_t)(c)<=0x7ff && (i)+1<(capacity)) { \
473         (s)[(i)++]=(uint8_t)(((c)>>6)|0xc0); \
474         (s)[(i)++]=(uint8_t)(((c)&0x3f)|0x80); \
475     } else if((uint32_t)(c)<=0xd7ff && (i)+2<(capacity)) { \
476         (s)[(i)++]=(uint8_t)(((c)>>12)|0xe0); \
477         (s)[(i)++]=(uint8_t)((((c)>>6)&0x3f)|0x80); \
478         (s)[(i)++]=(uint8_t)(((c)&0x3f)|0x80); \
479     } else { \
480         (i)=utf8_appendCharSafeBody(s, (i), (capacity), c, &(isError)); \
481     } \
482 }
483 
484 /**
485  * Advance the string offset from one code point boundary to the next.
486  * (Post-incrementing iteration.)
487  * "Unsafe" macro, assumes well-formed UTF-8.
488  *
489  * @param s const uint8_t * string
490  * @param i string offset
491  * @see U8_FWD_1
492  * @stable ICU 2.4
493  */
494 #define U8_FWD_1_UNSAFE(s, i) { \
495     (i)+=1+U8_COUNT_TRAIL_BYTES_UNSAFE((uint8_t)(s)[i]); \
496 }
497 
498 /**
499  * Advance the string offset from one code point boundary to the next.
500  * (Post-incrementing iteration.)
501  * "Safe" macro, checks for illegal sequences and for string boundaries.
502  *
503  * The length can be negative for a NUL-terminated string.
504  *
505  * @param s const uint8_t * string
506  * @param i int32_t string offset, must be i<length
507  * @param length int32_t string length
508  * @see U8_FWD_1_UNSAFE
509  * @stable ICU 2.4
510  */
511 #define U8_FWD_1(s, i, length) { \
512     uint8_t __b=(uint8_t)(s)[(i)++]; \
513     if(U8_IS_LEAD(__b)) { \
514         uint8_t __count=U8_COUNT_TRAIL_BYTES(__b); \
515         if((i)+__count>(length) && (length)>=0) { \
516             __count=(uint8_t)((length)-(i)); \
517         } \
518         while(__count>0 && U8_IS_TRAIL((s)[i])) { \
519             ++(i); \
520             --__count; \
521         } \
522     } \
523 }
524 
525 /**
526  * Advance the string offset from one code point boundary to the n-th next one,
527  * i.e., move forward by n code points.
528  * (Post-incrementing iteration.)
529  * "Unsafe" macro, assumes well-formed UTF-8.
530  *
531  * @param s const uint8_t * string
532  * @param i string offset
533  * @param n number of code points to skip
534  * @see U8_FWD_N
535  * @stable ICU 2.4
536  */
537 #define U8_FWD_N_UNSAFE(s, i, n) { \
538     int32_t __N=(n); \
539     while(__N>0) { \
540         U8_FWD_1_UNSAFE(s, i); \
541         --__N; \
542     } \
543 }
544 
545 /**
546  * Advance the string offset from one code point boundary to the n-th next one,
547  * i.e., move forward by n code points.
548  * (Post-incrementing iteration.)
549  * "Safe" macro, checks for illegal sequences and for string boundaries.
550  *
551  * The length can be negative for a NUL-terminated string.
552  *
553  * @param s const uint8_t * string
554  * @param i int32_t string offset, must be i<length
555  * @param length int32_t string length
556  * @param n number of code points to skip
557  * @see U8_FWD_N_UNSAFE
558  * @stable ICU 2.4
559  */
560 #define U8_FWD_N(s, i, length, n) { \
561     int32_t __N=(n); \
562     while(__N>0 && ((i)<(length) || ((length)<0 && (s)[i]!=0))) { \
563         U8_FWD_1(s, i, length); \
564         --__N; \
565     } \
566 }
567 
568 /**
569  * Adjust a random-access offset to a code point boundary
570  * at the start of a code point.
571  * If the offset points to a UTF-8 trail byte,
572  * then the offset is moved backward to the corresponding lead byte.
573  * Otherwise, it is not modified.
574  * "Unsafe" macro, assumes well-formed UTF-8.
575  *
576  * @param s const uint8_t * string
577  * @param i string offset
578  * @see U8_SET_CP_START
579  * @stable ICU 2.4
580  */
581 #define U8_SET_CP_START_UNSAFE(s, i) { \
582     while(U8_IS_TRAIL((s)[i])) { --(i); } \
583 }
584 
585 /**
586  * Adjust a random-access offset to a code point boundary
587  * at the start of a code point.
588  * If the offset points to a UTF-8 trail byte,
589  * then the offset is moved backward to the corresponding lead byte.
590  * Otherwise, it is not modified.
591  * "Safe" macro, checks for illegal sequences and for string boundaries.
592  *
593  * @param s const uint8_t * string
594  * @param start int32_t starting string offset (usually 0)
595  * @param i int32_t string offset, must be start<=i
596  * @see U8_SET_CP_START_UNSAFE
597  * @stable ICU 2.4
598  */
599 #define U8_SET_CP_START(s, start, i) { \
600     if(U8_IS_TRAIL((s)[(i)])) { \
601         (i)=utf8_back1SafeBody(s, start, (i)); \
602     } \
603 }
604 
605 /* definitions with backward iteration -------------------------------------- */
606 
607 /**
608  * Move the string offset from one code point boundary to the previous one
609  * and get the code point between them.
610  * (Pre-decrementing backward iteration.)
611  * "Unsafe" macro, assumes well-formed UTF-8.
612  *
613  * The input offset may be the same as the string length.
614  * If the offset is behind a multi-byte sequence, then the macro will read
615  * the whole sequence.
616  * If the offset is behind a lead byte, then that itself
617  * will be returned as the code point.
618  * The result is undefined if the offset is behind an illegal UTF-8 sequence.
619  *
620  * @param s const uint8_t * string
621  * @param i string offset
622  * @param c output UChar32 variable
623  * @see U8_PREV
624  * @stable ICU 2.4
625  */
626 #define U8_PREV_UNSAFE(s, i, c) { \
627     (c)=(uint8_t)(s)[--(i)]; \
628     if(U8_IS_TRAIL(c)) { \
629         uint8_t __b, __count=1, __shift=6; \
630 \
631         /* c is a trail byte */ \
632         (c)&=0x3f; \
633         for(;;) { \
634             __b=(uint8_t)(s)[--(i)]; \
635             if(__b>=0xc0) { \
636                 U8_MASK_LEAD_BYTE(__b, __count); \
637                 (c)|=(UChar32)__b<<__shift; \
638                 break; \
639             } else { \
640                 (c)|=(UChar32)(__b&0x3f)<<__shift; \
641                 ++__count; \
642                 __shift+=6; \
643             } \
644         } \
645     } \
646 }
647 
648 /**
649  * Move the string offset from one code point boundary to the previous one
650  * and get the code point between them.
651  * (Pre-decrementing backward iteration.)
652  * "Safe" macro, checks for illegal sequences and for string boundaries.
653  *
654  * The input offset may be the same as the string length.
655  * If the offset is behind a multi-byte sequence, then the macro will read
656  * the whole sequence.
657  * If the offset is behind a lead byte, then that itself
658  * will be returned as the code point.
659  * If the offset is behind an illegal UTF-8 sequence, then c is set to a negative value.
660  *
661  * @param s const uint8_t * string
662  * @param start int32_t starting string offset (usually 0)
663  * @param i int32_t string offset, must be start<i
664  * @param c output UChar32 variable, set to <0 in case of an error
665  * @see U8_PREV_UNSAFE
666  * @stable ICU 2.4
667  */
668 #define U8_PREV(s, start, i, c) { \
669     (c)=(uint8_t)(s)[--(i)]; \
670     if((c)>=0x80) { \
671         (c)=utf8_prevCharSafeBody((const uint8_t *)s, start, &(i), c, -1); \
672     } \
673 }
674 
675 /**
676  * Move the string offset from one code point boundary to the previous one
677  * and get the code point between them.
678  * (Pre-decrementing backward iteration.)
679  * "Safe" macro, checks for illegal sequences and for string boundaries.
680  *
681  * The input offset may be the same as the string length.
682  * If the offset is behind a multi-byte sequence, then the macro will read
683  * the whole sequence.
684  * If the offset is behind a lead byte, then that itself
685  * will be returned as the code point.
686  * If the offset is behind an illegal UTF-8 sequence, then c is set to U+FFFD.
687  *
688  * This macro does not distinguish between a real U+FFFD in the text
689  * and U+FFFD returned for an ill-formed sequence.
690  * Use U8_PREV() if that distinction is important.
691  *
692  * @param s const uint8_t * string
693  * @param start int32_t starting string offset (usually 0)
694  * @param i int32_t string offset, must be start<i
695  * @param c output UChar32 variable, set to U+FFFD in case of an error
696  * @see U8_PREV
697  * @stable ICU 51
698  */
699 #define U8_PREV_OR_FFFD(s, start, i, c) { \
700     (c)=(uint8_t)(s)[--(i)]; \
701     if((c)>=0x80) { \
702         (c)=utf8_prevCharSafeBody((const uint8_t *)s, start, &(i), c, -3); \
703     } \
704 }
705 
706 /**
707  * Move the string offset from one code point boundary to the previous one.
708  * (Pre-decrementing backward iteration.)
709  * The input offset may be the same as the string length.
710  * "Unsafe" macro, assumes well-formed UTF-8.
711  *
712  * @param s const uint8_t * string
713  * @param i string offset
714  * @see U8_BACK_1
715  * @stable ICU 2.4
716  */
717 #define U8_BACK_1_UNSAFE(s, i) { \
718     while(U8_IS_TRAIL((s)[--(i)])) {} \
719 }
720 
721 /**
722  * Move the string offset from one code point boundary to the previous one.
723  * (Pre-decrementing backward iteration.)
724  * The input offset may be the same as the string length.
725  * "Safe" macro, checks for illegal sequences and for string boundaries.
726  *
727  * @param s const uint8_t * string
728  * @param start int32_t starting string offset (usually 0)
729  * @param i int32_t string offset, must be start<i
730  * @see U8_BACK_1_UNSAFE
731  * @stable ICU 2.4
732  */
733 #define U8_BACK_1(s, start, i) { \
734     if(U8_IS_TRAIL((s)[--(i)])) { \
735         (i)=utf8_back1SafeBody(s, start, (i)); \
736     } \
737 }
738 
739 /**
740  * Move the string offset from one code point boundary to the n-th one before it,
741  * i.e., move backward by n code points.
742  * (Pre-decrementing backward iteration.)
743  * The input offset may be the same as the string length.
744  * "Unsafe" macro, assumes well-formed UTF-8.
745  *
746  * @param s const uint8_t * string
747  * @param i string offset
748  * @param n number of code points to skip
749  * @see U8_BACK_N
750  * @stable ICU 2.4
751  */
752 #define U8_BACK_N_UNSAFE(s, i, n) { \
753     int32_t __N=(n); \
754     while(__N>0) { \
755         U8_BACK_1_UNSAFE(s, i); \
756         --__N; \
757     } \
758 }
759 
760 /**
761  * Move the string offset from one code point boundary to the n-th one before it,
762  * i.e., move backward by n code points.
763  * (Pre-decrementing backward iteration.)
764  * The input offset may be the same as the string length.
765  * "Safe" macro, checks for illegal sequences and for string boundaries.
766  *
767  * @param s const uint8_t * string
768  * @param start int32_t index of the start of the string
769  * @param i int32_t string offset, must be start<i
770  * @param n number of code points to skip
771  * @see U8_BACK_N_UNSAFE
772  * @stable ICU 2.4
773  */
774 #define U8_BACK_N(s, start, i, n) { \
775     int32_t __N=(n); \
776     while(__N>0 && (i)>(start)) { \
777         U8_BACK_1(s, start, i); \
778         --__N; \
779     } \
780 }
781 
782 /**
783  * Adjust a random-access offset to a code point boundary after a code point.
784  * If the offset is behind a partial multi-byte sequence,
785  * then the offset is incremented to behind the whole sequence.
786  * Otherwise, it is not modified.
787  * The input offset may be the same as the string length.
788  * "Unsafe" macro, assumes well-formed UTF-8.
789  *
790  * @param s const uint8_t * string
791  * @param i string offset
792  * @see U8_SET_CP_LIMIT
793  * @stable ICU 2.4
794  */
795 #define U8_SET_CP_LIMIT_UNSAFE(s, i) { \
796     U8_BACK_1_UNSAFE(s, i); \
797     U8_FWD_1_UNSAFE(s, i); \
798 }
799 
800 /**
801  * Adjust a random-access offset to a code point boundary after a code point.
802  * If the offset is behind a partial multi-byte sequence,
803  * then the offset is incremented to behind the whole sequence.
804  * Otherwise, it is not modified.
805  * The input offset may be the same as the string length.
806  * "Safe" macro, checks for illegal sequences and for string boundaries.
807  *
808  * The length can be negative for a NUL-terminated string.
809  *
810  * @param s const uint8_t * string
811  * @param start int32_t starting string offset (usually 0)
812  * @param i int32_t string offset, must be start<=i<=length
813  * @param length int32_t string length
814  * @see U8_SET_CP_LIMIT_UNSAFE
815  * @stable ICU 2.4
816  */
817 #define U8_SET_CP_LIMIT(s, start, i, length) { \
818     if((start)<(i) && ((i)<(length) || (length)<0)) { \
819         U8_BACK_1(s, start, i); \
820         U8_FWD_1(s, i, length); \
821     } \
822 }
823 
824 #endif
825