// Copyright 2015 Google Inc. // // Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); // you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. // You may obtain a copy of the License at // // http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 // // Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software // distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, // WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and // limitations under the License. // //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// #include "src/tiff_parser.h" #include #include #include #include "src/tiff_directory/tiff_directory.h" namespace piex { namespace { using tiff_directory::Endian; using tiff_directory::Rational; using tiff_directory::SRational; using tiff_directory::SizeOfType; using tiff_directory::TIFF_TYPE_LONG; using tiff_directory::TIFF_TYPE_UNDEFINED; using tiff_directory::TiffDirectory; using tiff_directory::kBigEndian; using tiff_directory::kLittleEndian; // Specifies all tags that might be of interest to parse JPEG data. const std::uint32_t kStartOfFrame = 0xFFC0; const std::uint32_t kStartOfImage = 0xFFD8; const std::uint32_t kStartOfScan = 0xFFDA; bool GetFullDimension16(const TiffDirectory& tiff_directory, std::uint16_t* width, std::uint16_t* height) { std::uint32_t tmp_width = 0; std::uint32_t tmp_height = 0; if (!GetFullDimension32(tiff_directory, &tmp_width, &tmp_height) || tmp_width > std::numeric_limits::max() || tmp_height > std::numeric_limits::max()) { return false; } *width = static_cast(tmp_width); *height = static_cast(tmp_height); return true; } bool GetRational(const TiffDirectory::Tag& tag, const TiffDirectory& directory, const int data_size, PreviewImageData::Rational* data) { std::vector value; if (directory.Get(tag, &value) && value.size() == static_cast(data_size)) { for (size_t i = 0; i < value.size(); ++i) { data[i].numerator = value[i].numerator; data[i].denominator = value[i].denominator; } return true; } return false; } void FillGpsPreviewImageData(const TiffDirectory& gps_directory, PreviewImageData* preview_image_data) { if (gps_directory.Has(kGpsTagLatitudeRef) && gps_directory.Has(kGpsTagLatitude) && gps_directory.Has(kGpsTagLongitudeRef) && gps_directory.Has(kGpsTagLongitude) && gps_directory.Has(kGpsTagTimeStamp) && gps_directory.Has(kGpsTagDateStamp)) { preview_image_data->gps.is_valid = false; std::string value; if (!gps_directory.Get(kGpsTagLatitudeRef, &value) || value.empty() || (value[0] != 'N' && value[0] != 'S') || !GetRational(kGpsTagLatitude, gps_directory, 3 /* data size */, preview_image_data->gps.latitude)) { return; } preview_image_data->gps.latitude_ref = value[0]; if (!gps_directory.Get(kGpsTagLongitudeRef, &value) || value.empty() || (value[0] != 'E' && value[0] != 'W') || !GetRational(kGpsTagLongitude, gps_directory, 3 /* data size */, preview_image_data->gps.longitude)) { return; } preview_image_data->gps.longitude_ref = value[0]; if (!GetRational(kGpsTagTimeStamp, gps_directory, 3 /* data size */, preview_image_data->gps.time_stamp)) { return; } const size_t kGpsDateStampSize = 11; if (!gps_directory.Get(kGpsTagDateStamp, &preview_image_data->gps.date_stamp)) { return; } if (preview_image_data->gps.date_stamp.size() == kGpsDateStampSize) { // Resize the date_stamp to remove the "NULL" at the end of string. preview_image_data->gps.date_stamp.resize(kGpsDateStampSize - 1); } else { return; } if (gps_directory.Has(kGpsTagAltitudeRef) && gps_directory.Has(kGpsTagAltitude)) { std::vector bytes; if (!gps_directory.Get(kGpsTagAltitudeRef, &bytes) || bytes.empty() || !GetRational(kGpsTagAltitude, gps_directory, 1, &preview_image_data->gps.altitude)) { return; } preview_image_data->gps.altitude_ref = bytes[0] != 0; } preview_image_data->gps.is_valid = true; } } void GetImageSize(const TiffDirectory& tiff_directory, StreamInterface* stream, Image* image) { switch (image->format) { case Image::kUncompressedRgb: { GetFullDimension16(tiff_directory, &image->width, &image->height); break; } case Image::kJpegCompressed: { GetJpegDimensions(image->offset, stream, &image->width, &image->height); break; } default: { return; } } } bool FillPreviewImageData(const TiffDirectory& tiff_directory, StreamInterface* stream, PreviewImageData* preview_image_data) { bool success = true; // Get preview or thumbnail. The code assumes that only thumbnails can be // uncompressed. Preview images are always JPEG compressed. Image image; if (GetImageData(tiff_directory, stream, &image)) { if (IsThumbnail(image)) { preview_image_data->thumbnail = image; } else if (image.format == Image::kJpegCompressed) { preview_image_data->preview = image; } } // Get exif_orientation if it was not set already. if (tiff_directory.Has(kTiffTagOrientation) && preview_image_data->exif_orientation == 1) { success &= tiff_directory.Get(kTiffTagOrientation, &preview_image_data->exif_orientation); } // Get color_space if (tiff_directory.Has(kExifTagColorSpace)) { std::uint32_t color_space; success &= tiff_directory.Get(kExifTagColorSpace, &color_space); if (color_space == 1) { preview_image_data->color_space = PreviewImageData::kSrgb; } else if (color_space == 65535 || color_space == 2) { preview_image_data->color_space = PreviewImageData::kAdobeRgb; } } success &= GetFullDimension32(tiff_directory, &preview_image_data->full_width, &preview_image_data->full_height); if (tiff_directory.Has(kTiffTagMake)) { success &= tiff_directory.Get(kTiffTagMake, &preview_image_data->maker); } if (tiff_directory.Has(kTiffTagModel)) { success &= tiff_directory.Get(kTiffTagModel, &preview_image_data->model); } if (tiff_directory.Has(kTiffTagCfaPatternDim)) { std::vector cfa_pattern_dim; if (tiff_directory.Get(kTiffTagCfaPatternDim, &cfa_pattern_dim) && cfa_pattern_dim.size() == 2) { preview_image_data->cfa_pattern_dim[0] = cfa_pattern_dim[0]; preview_image_data->cfa_pattern_dim[1] = cfa_pattern_dim[1]; } } if (tiff_directory.Has(kExifTagDateTimeOriginal)) { success &= tiff_directory.Get(kExifTagDateTimeOriginal, &preview_image_data->date_time); } if (tiff_directory.Has(kExifTagIsoSpeed)) { success &= tiff_directory.Get(kExifTagIsoSpeed, &preview_image_data->iso); } else if (tiff_directory.Has(kPanaTagIso)) { success &= tiff_directory.Get(kPanaTagIso, &preview_image_data->iso); } if (tiff_directory.Has(kExifTagExposureTime)) { success &= GetRational(kExifTagExposureTime, tiff_directory, 1, &preview_image_data->exposure_time); } if (tiff_directory.Has(kExifTagFnumber)) { success &= GetRational(kExifTagFnumber, tiff_directory, 1, &preview_image_data->fnumber); } if (tiff_directory.Has(kExifTagFocalLength)) { success &= GetRational(kExifTagFocalLength, tiff_directory, 1, &preview_image_data->focal_length); } return success; } const TiffDirectory* FindFirstTagInIfds(const TiffDirectory::Tag& tag, const IfdVector& tiff_directory) { for (std::uint32_t i = 0; i < tiff_directory.size(); ++i) { if (tiff_directory[i].Has(tag)) { return &tiff_directory[i]; } // Recursively search sub directories. const TiffDirectory* sub_directory = FindFirstTagInIfds(tag, tiff_directory[i].GetSubDirectories()); if (sub_directory != NULL) { return sub_directory; } } return NULL; } // Return true if all data blocks are ordered one after the other without gaps. bool OffsetsAreConsecutive( const std::vector& strip_offsets, const std::vector& strip_byte_counts) { if (strip_offsets.size() != strip_byte_counts.size() || strip_offsets.empty()) { return false; } for (size_t i = 0; i < strip_offsets.size() - 1; ++i) { if (strip_offsets[i] + strip_byte_counts[i] != strip_offsets[i + 1]) { return false; } } return true; } // Gets the SubIfd content. bool ParseSubIfds(const std::uint32_t tiff_offset, const TagSet& desired_tags, const std::uint32_t max_number_ifds, const Endian endian, StreamInterface* stream, TiffDirectory* tiff_ifd) { if (tiff_ifd->Has(kTiffTagSubIfd)) { std::uint32_t offset = 0; std::uint32_t length = 0; tiff_ifd->GetOffsetAndLength(kTiffTagSubIfd, TIFF_TYPE_LONG, &offset, &length); length /= 4; // length in bytes divided by 4 gives number of IFDs. for (std::uint32_t j = 0; j < length && j < max_number_ifds; ++j) { std::uint32_t sub_offset; if (!Get32u(stream, offset + 4 * j, endian, &sub_offset)) { return false; } std::uint32_t next_ifd_offset; TiffDirectory sub_ifd(static_cast(endian)); if (!ParseDirectory(tiff_offset, sub_offset, endian, desired_tags, stream, &sub_ifd, &next_ifd_offset)) { return false; } tiff_ifd->AddSubDirectory(sub_ifd); } } return true; } } // namespace bool Get16u(StreamInterface* stream, const std::uint32_t offset, const Endian& endian, std::uint16_t* value) { std::uint8_t data[2]; if (stream->GetData(offset, 2, data) == kOk) { if (endian == kBigEndian) { *value = (data[0] * 0x100) | data[1]; } else { *value = (data[1] * 0x100) | data[0]; } return true; } else { return false; } } bool Get32u(StreamInterface* stream, const std::uint32_t offset, const Endian& endian, std::uint32_t* value) { std::uint8_t data[4]; if (stream->GetData(offset, 4, data) == kOk) { if (endian == kBigEndian) { *value = (data[0] * 0x1000000u) | (data[1] * 0x10000u) | (data[2] * 0x100u) | data[3]; } else { *value = (data[3] * 0x1000000u) | (data[2] * 0x10000u) | (data[1] * 0x100u) | data[0]; } return true; } else { return false; } } std::vector GetData(const size_t offset, const size_t length, StreamInterface* stream, Error* error) { // Read in chunks with a maximum size of 1 MiB. const size_t kChunkSize = 1048576; std::vector data; size_t processed_data = 0; while (*error == kOk && processed_data < length) { size_t chunk_length = kChunkSize; if (length - data.size() < kChunkSize) { chunk_length = length - data.size(); } data.resize(processed_data + chunk_length); *error = stream->GetData(offset + processed_data, chunk_length, &data[processed_data]); processed_data += chunk_length; } return data; } bool GetEndianness(const std::uint32_t tiff_offset, StreamInterface* stream, Endian* endian) { const std::uint8_t kTiffBigEndianMagic[] = {'M', 'M'}; const std::uint8_t kTiffLittleEndianMagic[] = {'I', 'I'}; std::uint8_t tiff_endian[sizeof(kTiffBigEndianMagic)]; if (stream->GetData(tiff_offset, sizeof(tiff_endian), &tiff_endian[0]) != kOk) { return false; } if (!memcmp(tiff_endian, kTiffLittleEndianMagic, sizeof(tiff_endian))) { *endian = kLittleEndian; return true; } else if (!memcmp(tiff_endian, kTiffBigEndianMagic, sizeof(tiff_endian))) { *endian = kBigEndian; return true; } else { return false; } } bool GetImageData(const TiffDirectory& tiff_directory, StreamInterface* stream, Image* image) { std::uint32_t length = 0; std::uint32_t offset = 0; if (tiff_directory.Has(kTiffTagJpegOffset) && tiff_directory.Has(kTiffTagJpegByteCount)) { if (!tiff_directory.Get(kTiffTagJpegOffset, &offset) || !tiff_directory.Get(kTiffTagJpegByteCount, &length)) { return false; } image->format = Image::kJpegCompressed; } else if (tiff_directory.Has(kTiffTagStripOffsets) && tiff_directory.Has(kTiffTagStripByteCounts)) { std::vector strip_offsets; std::vector strip_byte_counts; if (!tiff_directory.Get(kTiffTagStripOffsets, &strip_offsets) || !tiff_directory.Get(kTiffTagStripByteCounts, &strip_byte_counts)) { return false; } std::uint32_t compression = 0; if (!OffsetsAreConsecutive(strip_offsets, strip_byte_counts) || !tiff_directory.Get(kTiffTagCompression, &compression)) { return false; } std::uint32_t photometric_interpretation = 0; if (tiff_directory.Get(kTiffTagPhotometric, &photometric_interpretation) && photometric_interpretation != 2 /* RGB */ && photometric_interpretation != 6 /* YCbCr */) { return false; } switch (compression) { case 1: /*uncompressed*/ image->format = Image::kUncompressedRgb; break; case 6: /* JPEG(old) */ case 7: /* JPEG */ image->format = Image::kJpegCompressed; break; default: return false; } length = static_cast( std::accumulate(strip_byte_counts.begin(), strip_byte_counts.end(), 0)); offset = strip_offsets[0]; } else if (tiff_directory.Has(kPanaTagJpegImage)) { if (!tiff_directory.GetOffsetAndLength( kPanaTagJpegImage, TIFF_TYPE_UNDEFINED, &offset, &length)) { return false; } image->format = Image::kJpegCompressed; } else { return false; } image->length = length; image->offset = offset; GetImageSize(tiff_directory, stream, image); return true; } bool GetJpegDimensions(const std::uint32_t jpeg_offset, StreamInterface* stream, std::uint16_t* width, std::uint16_t* height) { const Endian endian = kBigEndian; std::uint32_t offset = jpeg_offset; std::uint16_t segment; // Parse the JPEG header until we find Frame0 which contains the image width // and height or the actual image data starts (StartOfScan) do { if (!Get16u(stream, offset, endian, &segment)) { return false; } offset += 2; switch (segment) { case kStartOfImage: break; case kStartOfFrame: return Get16u(stream, offset + 3, endian, height) && Get16u(stream, offset + 5, endian, width); default: { std::uint16_t length; if (!Get16u(stream, offset, endian, &length)) { return false; } offset += length; } } } while (segment != kStartOfScan); // No width and hight information found. return false; } bool IsThumbnail(const Image& image, const int max_dimension) { return image.width <= max_dimension && image.height <= max_dimension; } bool ParseDirectory(const std::uint32_t tiff_offset, const std::uint32_t ifd_offset, const Endian endian, const TagSet& desired_tags, StreamInterface* stream, TiffDirectory* tiff_directory, std::uint32_t* next_ifd_offset) { std::uint16_t number_of_entries; if (!Get16u(stream, ifd_offset, endian, &number_of_entries)) { return false; } for (std::uint32_t i = 0; i < static_cast(number_of_entries) * 12; i += 12) { std::uint16_t tag; std::uint16_t type; std::uint32_t number_of_elements; if (Get16u(stream, ifd_offset + 2 + i, endian, &tag) && Get16u(stream, ifd_offset + 4 + i, endian, &type) && Get32u(stream, ifd_offset + 6 + i, endian, &number_of_elements)) { // Check if the current tag should be handled. if (desired_tags.count(static_cast(tag)) != 1) { continue; } } else { return false; } const size_t type_size = SizeOfType(type, nullptr /* no error */); // Check that type_size * number_of_elements does not exceed UINT32_MAX. if (type_size != 0 && number_of_elements > UINT32_MAX / type_size) { return false; } const size_t byte_count = type_size * static_cast(number_of_elements); std::uint32_t value_offset; if (byte_count > 4 && Get32u(stream, ifd_offset + 10 + i, endian, &value_offset)) { value_offset += tiff_offset; } else if (byte_count != 0) { value_offset = ifd_offset + 10 + i; } else { // Ignore entries with an invalid byte count. continue; } Error error = kOk; const std::vector data = GetData(value_offset, byte_count, stream, &error); if (error != kOk) { return false; } tiff_directory->AddEntry(tag, type, number_of_elements, value_offset, data); } return Get32u(stream, ifd_offset + 2u + number_of_entries * 12u, endian, next_ifd_offset); } bool GetExifOrientation(StreamInterface* stream, const std::uint32_t offset, std::uint32_t* orientation) { const TagSet kOrientationTagSet = {kTiffTagOrientation}; const std::uint32_t kNumberOfIfds = 1; TiffContent tiff_content; if (!TiffParser(stream, offset) .Parse(kOrientationTagSet, kNumberOfIfds, &tiff_content)) { return false; } for (const auto& tiff_directory : tiff_content.tiff_directory) { if (tiff_directory.Has(kTiffTagOrientation) && tiff_directory.Get(kTiffTagOrientation, orientation)) { return true; } } return false; } bool GetFullDimension32(const TiffDirectory& tiff_directory, std::uint32_t* width, std::uint32_t* height) { // The sub file type needs to be 0 (main image) to contain a valid full // dimensions. This is important in particular for DNG. if (tiff_directory.Has(kTiffTagSubFileType)) { std::uint32_t sub_file_type; if (!tiff_directory.Get(kTiffTagSubFileType, &sub_file_type) || sub_file_type != 0) { return false; } } if (tiff_directory.Has(kExifTagDefaultCropSize)) { if (!GetFullCropDimension(tiff_directory, width, height)) { return false; } } else if (tiff_directory.Has(kExifTagWidth) && tiff_directory.Has(kExifTagHeight)) { if (!tiff_directory.Get(kExifTagWidth, width) || !tiff_directory.Get(kExifTagHeight, height)) { return false; } } else if (tiff_directory.Has(kTiffTagImageWidth) && tiff_directory.Has(kTiffTagImageLength)) { if (!tiff_directory.Get(kTiffTagImageWidth, width) || !tiff_directory.Get(kTiffTagImageLength, height)) { return false; } } else if (tiff_directory.Has(kPanaTagTopBorder) && tiff_directory.Has(kPanaTagLeftBorder) && tiff_directory.Has(kPanaTagBottomBorder) && tiff_directory.Has(kPanaTagRightBorder)) { std::uint32_t left; std::uint32_t right; std::uint32_t top; std::uint32_t bottom; if (tiff_directory.Get(kPanaTagLeftBorder, &left) && tiff_directory.Get(kPanaTagRightBorder, &right) && tiff_directory.Get(kPanaTagTopBorder, &top) && tiff_directory.Get(kPanaTagBottomBorder, &bottom) && bottom > top && right > left) { *height = bottom - top; *width = right - left; } else { return false; } } return true; } bool GetFullCropDimension(const tiff_directory::TiffDirectory& tiff_directory, std::uint32_t* width, std::uint32_t* height) { if (tiff_directory.Has(kExifTagDefaultCropSize)) { std::vector crop(2); std::vector crop_rational(2); if (tiff_directory.Get(kExifTagDefaultCropSize, &crop)) { *width = crop[0]; *height = crop[1]; } else if (tiff_directory.Get(kExifTagDefaultCropSize, &crop_rational) && crop_rational[0].denominator != 0 && crop_rational[1].denominator != 0) { *width = crop_rational[0].numerator / crop_rational[0].denominator; *height = crop_rational[1].numerator / crop_rational[1].denominator; } else { return false; } } return true; } TiffParser::TiffParser(StreamInterface* stream) : stream_(stream) {} TiffParser::TiffParser(StreamInterface* stream, const std::uint32_t offset) : stream_(stream), tiff_offset_(offset) {} bool TiffParser::GetPreviewImageData(const TiffContent& tiff_content, PreviewImageData* preview_image_data) { bool success = true; for (const auto& tiff_directory : tiff_content.tiff_directory) { success = FillPreviewImageData(tiff_directory, stream_, preview_image_data); if (success && tiff_directory.Has(kTiffTagExifIfd) && tiff_content.exif_directory) { success = FillPreviewImageData(*tiff_content.exif_directory, stream_, preview_image_data); } if (success && tiff_directory.Has(kExifTagGps) && tiff_content.gps_directory) { FillGpsPreviewImageData(*tiff_content.gps_directory, preview_image_data); } for (const auto& sub_directory : tiff_directory.GetSubDirectories()) { if (success) { success = FillPreviewImageData(sub_directory, stream_, preview_image_data); } } } return success; } bool TiffParser::Parse(const TagSet& desired_tags, const std::uint16_t max_number_ifds, TiffContent* tiff_content) { if (!tiff_content->tiff_directory.empty()) { return false; // You shall call Parse() only once. } const std::uint32_t kTiffIdentifierSize = 4; std::uint32_t offset_to_ifd = 0; if (!GetEndianness(tiff_offset_, stream_, &endian_) || !Get32u(stream_, tiff_offset_ + kTiffIdentifierSize, endian_, &offset_to_ifd)) { return false; } if (!ParseIfd(tiff_offset_ + offset_to_ifd, desired_tags, max_number_ifds, &tiff_content->tiff_directory)) { return false; } // Get the Exif data. if (FindFirstTagInIfds(kTiffTagExifIfd, tiff_content->tiff_directory) != nullptr) { const TiffDirectory* tiff_ifd = FindFirstTagInIfds(kTiffTagExifIfd, tiff_content->tiff_directory); std::uint32_t offset; if (tiff_ifd->Get(kTiffTagExifIfd, &offset)) { tiff_content->exif_directory.reset(new TiffDirectory(endian_)); std::uint32_t next_ifd_offset; if (!ParseDirectory( tiff_offset_, tiff_offset_ + offset, endian_, desired_tags, stream_, tiff_content->exif_directory.get(), &next_ifd_offset)) { return false; } return ParseGpsData(tiff_ifd, tiff_content); } } // Get the GPS data from the tiff ifd. if (FindFirstTagInIfds(kExifTagGps, tiff_content->tiff_directory) != nullptr) { const TiffDirectory* tiff_ifd = FindFirstTagInIfds(kExifTagGps, tiff_content->tiff_directory); return ParseGpsData(tiff_ifd, tiff_content); } return true; } bool TiffParser::ParseIfd(const std::uint32_t offset_to_ifd, const TagSet& desired_tags, const std::uint16_t max_number_ifds, IfdVector* tiff_directory) { std::uint32_t next_ifd_offset; TiffDirectory tiff_ifd(static_cast(endian_)); if (!ParseDirectory(tiff_offset_, offset_to_ifd, endian_, desired_tags, stream_, &tiff_ifd, &next_ifd_offset) || !ParseSubIfds(tiff_offset_, desired_tags, max_number_ifds, endian_, stream_, &tiff_ifd)) { return false; } tiff_directory->push_back(tiff_ifd); if (next_ifd_offset != 0 && tiff_directory->size() < max_number_ifds) { return ParseIfd(tiff_offset_ + next_ifd_offset, desired_tags, max_number_ifds, tiff_directory); } return true; } bool TiffParser::ParseGpsData(const TiffDirectory* tiff_ifd, TiffContent* tiff_content) { std::uint32_t offset; if (tiff_ifd->Get(kExifTagGps, &offset)) { tiff_content->gps_directory.reset(new TiffDirectory(endian_)); const TagSet gps_tags = {kGpsTagLatitudeRef, kGpsTagLatitude, kGpsTagLongitudeRef, kGpsTagLongitude, kGpsTagAltitudeRef, kGpsTagAltitude, kGpsTagTimeStamp, kGpsTagDateStamp}; std::uint32_t next_ifd_offset; return ParseDirectory(tiff_offset_, tiff_offset_ + offset, endian_, gps_tags, stream_, tiff_content->gps_directory.get(), &next_ifd_offset); } return true; } } // namespace piex