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1 // Copyright (c) 2012 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
2 // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
3 // found in the LICENSE file.
4 
5 // WARNING: You should *NOT* be using this class directly.  PlatformThread is
6 // the low-level platform-specific abstraction to the OS's threading interface.
7 // You should instead be using a message-loop driven Thread, see thread.h.
8 
9 #ifndef BASE_THREADING_PLATFORM_THREAD_H_
10 #define BASE_THREADING_PLATFORM_THREAD_H_
11 
12 #include <stddef.h>
13 
14 #include "base/base_export.h"
15 #include "base/macros.h"
16 #include "base/time/time.h"
17 #include "build/build_config.h"
18 
19 #if defined(OS_WIN)
20 #include <windows.h>
21 #elif defined(OS_POSIX)
22 #include <pthread.h>
23 #include <unistd.h>
24 #endif
25 
26 namespace base {
27 
28 // Used for logging. Always an integer value.
29 #if defined(OS_WIN)
30 typedef DWORD PlatformThreadId;
31 #elif defined(OS_POSIX)
32 typedef pid_t PlatformThreadId;
33 #endif
34 
35 // Used for thread checking and debugging.
36 // Meant to be as fast as possible.
37 // These are produced by PlatformThread::CurrentRef(), and used to later
38 // check if we are on the same thread or not by using ==. These are safe
39 // to copy between threads, but can't be copied to another process as they
40 // have no meaning there. Also, the internal identifier can be re-used
41 // after a thread dies, so a PlatformThreadRef cannot be reliably used
42 // to distinguish a new thread from an old, dead thread.
43 class PlatformThreadRef {
44  public:
45 #if defined(OS_WIN)
46   typedef DWORD RefType;
47 #elif defined(OS_POSIX)
48   typedef pthread_t RefType;
49 #endif
PlatformThreadRef()50   PlatformThreadRef()
51       : id_(0) {
52   }
53 
PlatformThreadRef(RefType id)54   explicit PlatformThreadRef(RefType id)
55       : id_(id) {
56   }
57 
58   bool operator==(PlatformThreadRef other) const {
59     return id_ == other.id_;
60   }
61 
is_null()62   bool is_null() const {
63     return id_ == 0;
64   }
65  private:
66   RefType id_;
67 };
68 
69 // Used to operate on threads.
70 class PlatformThreadHandle {
71  public:
72 #if defined(OS_WIN)
73   typedef void* Handle;
74 #elif defined(OS_POSIX)
75   typedef pthread_t Handle;
76 #endif
77 
PlatformThreadHandle()78   PlatformThreadHandle() : handle_(0) {}
79 
PlatformThreadHandle(Handle handle)80   explicit PlatformThreadHandle(Handle handle) : handle_(handle) {}
81 
is_equal(const PlatformThreadHandle & other)82   bool is_equal(const PlatformThreadHandle& other) const {
83     return handle_ == other.handle_;
84   }
85 
is_null()86   bool is_null() const {
87     return !handle_;
88   }
89 
platform_handle()90   Handle platform_handle() const {
91     return handle_;
92   }
93 
94  private:
95   Handle handle_;
96 };
97 
98 const PlatformThreadId kInvalidThreadId(0);
99 
100 // Valid values for priority of Thread::Options and SimpleThread::Options, and
101 // SetCurrentThreadPriority(), listed in increasing order of importance.
102 enum class ThreadPriority : int {
103   // Suitable for threads that shouldn't disrupt high priority work.
104   BACKGROUND,
105   // Default priority level.
106   NORMAL,
107   // Suitable for threads which generate data for the display (at ~60Hz).
108   DISPLAY,
109   // Suitable for low-latency, glitch-resistant audio.
110   REALTIME_AUDIO,
111 };
112 
113 // A namespace for low-level thread functions.
114 class BASE_EXPORT PlatformThread {
115  public:
116   // Implement this interface to run code on a background thread.  Your
117   // ThreadMain method will be called on the newly created thread.
118   class BASE_EXPORT Delegate {
119    public:
120     virtual void ThreadMain() = 0;
121 
122    protected:
~Delegate()123     virtual ~Delegate() {}
124   };
125 
126   // Gets the current thread id, which may be useful for logging purposes.
127   static PlatformThreadId CurrentId();
128 
129   // Gets the current thread reference, which can be used to check if
130   // we're on the right thread quickly.
131   static PlatformThreadRef CurrentRef();
132 
133   // Get the handle representing the current thread. On Windows, this is a
134   // pseudo handle constant which will always represent the thread using it and
135   // hence should not be shared with other threads nor be used to differentiate
136   // the current thread from another.
137   static PlatformThreadHandle CurrentHandle();
138 
139   // Yield the current thread so another thread can be scheduled.
140   static void YieldCurrentThread();
141 
142   // Sleeps for the specified duration.
143   static void Sleep(base::TimeDelta duration);
144 
145   // Sets the thread name visible to debuggers/tools. This will try to
146   // initialize the context for current thread unless it's a WorkerThread.
147   static void SetName(const std::string& name);
148 
149   // Gets the thread name, if previously set by SetName.
150   static const char* GetName();
151 
152   // Creates a new thread.  The |stack_size| parameter can be 0 to indicate
153   // that the default stack size should be used.  Upon success,
154   // |*thread_handle| will be assigned a handle to the newly created thread,
155   // and |delegate|'s ThreadMain method will be executed on the newly created
156   // thread.
157   // NOTE: When you are done with the thread handle, you must call Join to
158   // release system resources associated with the thread.  You must ensure that
159   // the Delegate object outlives the thread.
Create(size_t stack_size,Delegate * delegate,PlatformThreadHandle * thread_handle)160   static bool Create(size_t stack_size,
161                      Delegate* delegate,
162                      PlatformThreadHandle* thread_handle) {
163     return CreateWithPriority(stack_size, delegate, thread_handle,
164                               ThreadPriority::NORMAL);
165   }
166 
167   // CreateWithPriority() does the same thing as Create() except the priority of
168   // the thread is set based on |priority|.
169   static bool CreateWithPriority(size_t stack_size, Delegate* delegate,
170                                  PlatformThreadHandle* thread_handle,
171                                  ThreadPriority priority);
172 
173   // CreateNonJoinable() does the same thing as Create() except the thread
174   // cannot be Join()'d.  Therefore, it also does not output a
175   // PlatformThreadHandle.
176   static bool CreateNonJoinable(size_t stack_size, Delegate* delegate);
177 
178   // Joins with a thread created via the Create function.  This function blocks
179   // the caller until the designated thread exits.  This will invalidate
180   // |thread_handle|.
181   static void Join(PlatformThreadHandle thread_handle);
182 
183   // Detaches and releases the thread handle. The thread is no longer joinable
184   // and |thread_handle| is invalidated after this call.
185   static void Detach(PlatformThreadHandle thread_handle);
186 
187   // Toggles the current thread's priority at runtime. A thread may not be able
188   // to raise its priority back up after lowering it if the process does not
189   // have a proper permission, e.g. CAP_SYS_NICE on Linux. A thread may not be
190   // able to lower its priority back down after raising it to REALTIME_AUDIO.
191   // Since changing other threads' priority is not permitted in favor of
192   // security, this interface is restricted to change only the current thread
193   // priority (https://crbug.com/399473).
194   static void SetCurrentThreadPriority(ThreadPriority priority);
195 
196   static ThreadPriority GetCurrentThreadPriority();
197 
198  private:
199   DISALLOW_IMPLICIT_CONSTRUCTORS(PlatformThread);
200 };
201 
202 }  // namespace base
203 
204 #endif  // BASE_THREADING_PLATFORM_THREAD_H_
205