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1 #include <stdio.h>
2 #include <stdlib.h>
3 #include <unistd.h>
4 #include <ctype.h>
5 #include <string.h>
6 #include <assert.h>
7 #include <libgen.h>
8 #include <fcntl.h>
9 #include <sys/types.h>
10 #include <sys/stat.h>
11 #include <netinet/in.h>
12 
13 #include "fio.h"
14 #include "verify.h"
15 #include "parse.h"
16 #include "lib/fls.h"
17 #include "lib/pattern.h"
18 #include "options.h"
19 #include "optgroup.h"
20 
21 char client_sockaddr_str[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN] = { 0 };
22 
23 #define cb_data_to_td(data)	container_of(data, struct thread_data, o)
24 
25 static struct pattern_fmt_desc fmt_desc[] = {
26 	{
27 		.fmt   = "%o",
28 		.len   = FIELD_SIZE(struct io_u *, offset),
29 		.paste = paste_blockoff
30 	}
31 };
32 
33 /*
34  * Check if mmap/mmaphuge has a :/foo/bar/file at the end. If so, return that.
35  */
get_opt_postfix(const char * str)36 static char *get_opt_postfix(const char *str)
37 {
38 	char *p = strstr(str, ":");
39 
40 	if (!p)
41 		return NULL;
42 
43 	p++;
44 	strip_blank_front(&p);
45 	strip_blank_end(p);
46 	return strdup(p);
47 }
48 
bs_cmp(const void * p1,const void * p2)49 static int bs_cmp(const void *p1, const void *p2)
50 {
51 	const struct bssplit *bsp1 = p1;
52 	const struct bssplit *bsp2 = p2;
53 
54 	return (int) bsp1->perc - (int) bsp2->perc;
55 }
56 
57 struct split {
58 	unsigned int nr;
59 	unsigned int val1[100];
60 	unsigned int val2[100];
61 };
62 
split_parse_ddir(struct thread_options * o,struct split * split,enum fio_ddir ddir,char * str)63 static int split_parse_ddir(struct thread_options *o, struct split *split,
64 			    enum fio_ddir ddir, char *str)
65 {
66 	unsigned int i, perc;
67 	long long val;
68 	char *fname;
69 
70 	split->nr = 0;
71 
72 	i = 0;
73 	while ((fname = strsep(&str, ":")) != NULL) {
74 		char *perc_str;
75 
76 		if (!strlen(fname))
77 			break;
78 
79 		perc_str = strstr(fname, "/");
80 		if (perc_str) {
81 			*perc_str = '\0';
82 			perc_str++;
83 			perc = atoi(perc_str);
84 			if (perc > 100)
85 				perc = 100;
86 			else if (!perc)
87 				perc = -1U;
88 		} else
89 			perc = -1U;
90 
91 		if (str_to_decimal(fname, &val, 1, o, 0, 0)) {
92 			log_err("fio: bssplit conversion failed\n");
93 			return 1;
94 		}
95 
96 		split->val1[i] = val;
97 		split->val2[i] = perc;
98 		i++;
99 		if (i == 100)
100 			break;
101 	}
102 
103 	split->nr = i;
104 	return 0;
105 }
106 
bssplit_ddir(struct thread_options * o,enum fio_ddir ddir,char * str)107 static int bssplit_ddir(struct thread_options *o, enum fio_ddir ddir, char *str)
108 {
109 	unsigned int i, perc, perc_missing;
110 	unsigned int max_bs, min_bs;
111 	struct split split;
112 
113 	memset(&split, 0, sizeof(split));
114 
115 	if (split_parse_ddir(o, &split, ddir, str))
116 		return 1;
117 	if (!split.nr)
118 		return 0;
119 
120 	max_bs = 0;
121 	min_bs = -1;
122 	o->bssplit[ddir] = malloc(split.nr * sizeof(struct bssplit));
123 	o->bssplit_nr[ddir] = split.nr;
124 	for (i = 0; i < split.nr; i++) {
125 		if (split.val1[i] > max_bs)
126 			max_bs = split.val1[i];
127 		if (split.val1[i] < min_bs)
128 			min_bs = split.val1[i];
129 
130 		o->bssplit[ddir][i].bs = split.val1[i];
131 		o->bssplit[ddir][i].perc =split.val2[i];
132 	}
133 
134 	/*
135 	 * Now check if the percentages add up, and how much is missing
136 	 */
137 	perc = perc_missing = 0;
138 	for (i = 0; i < o->bssplit_nr[ddir]; i++) {
139 		struct bssplit *bsp = &o->bssplit[ddir][i];
140 
141 		if (bsp->perc == -1U)
142 			perc_missing++;
143 		else
144 			perc += bsp->perc;
145 	}
146 
147 	if (perc > 100 && perc_missing > 1) {
148 		log_err("fio: bssplit percentages add to more than 100%%\n");
149 		free(o->bssplit[ddir]);
150 		o->bssplit[ddir] = NULL;
151 		return 1;
152 	}
153 
154 	/*
155 	 * If values didn't have a percentage set, divide the remains between
156 	 * them.
157 	 */
158 	if (perc_missing) {
159 		if (perc_missing == 1 && o->bssplit_nr[ddir] == 1)
160 			perc = 100;
161 		for (i = 0; i < o->bssplit_nr[ddir]; i++) {
162 			struct bssplit *bsp = &o->bssplit[ddir][i];
163 
164 			if (bsp->perc == -1U)
165 				bsp->perc = (100 - perc) / perc_missing;
166 		}
167 	}
168 
169 	o->min_bs[ddir] = min_bs;
170 	o->max_bs[ddir] = max_bs;
171 
172 	/*
173 	 * now sort based on percentages, for ease of lookup
174 	 */
175 	qsort(o->bssplit[ddir], o->bssplit_nr[ddir], sizeof(struct bssplit), bs_cmp);
176 	return 0;
177 }
178 
179 typedef int (split_parse_fn)(struct thread_options *, enum fio_ddir, char *);
180 
str_split_parse(struct thread_data * td,char * str,split_parse_fn * fn)181 static int str_split_parse(struct thread_data *td, char *str, split_parse_fn *fn)
182 {
183 	char *odir, *ddir;
184 	int ret = 0;
185 
186 	odir = strchr(str, ',');
187 	if (odir) {
188 		ddir = strchr(odir + 1, ',');
189 		if (ddir) {
190 			ret = fn(&td->o, DDIR_TRIM, ddir + 1);
191 			if (!ret)
192 				*ddir = '\0';
193 		} else {
194 			char *op;
195 
196 			op = strdup(odir + 1);
197 			ret = fn(&td->o, DDIR_TRIM, op);
198 
199 			free(op);
200 		}
201 		if (!ret)
202 			ret = fn(&td->o, DDIR_WRITE, odir + 1);
203 		if (!ret) {
204 			*odir = '\0';
205 			ret = fn(&td->o, DDIR_READ, str);
206 		}
207 	} else {
208 		char *op;
209 
210 		op = strdup(str);
211 		ret = fn(&td->o, DDIR_WRITE, op);
212 		free(op);
213 
214 		if (!ret) {
215 			op = strdup(str);
216 			ret = fn(&td->o, DDIR_TRIM, op);
217 			free(op);
218 		}
219 		if (!ret)
220 			ret = fn(&td->o, DDIR_READ, str);
221 	}
222 
223 	return ret;
224 }
225 
str_bssplit_cb(void * data,const char * input)226 static int str_bssplit_cb(void *data, const char *input)
227 {
228 	struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
229 	char *str, *p;
230 	int ret = 0;
231 
232 	p = str = strdup(input);
233 
234 	strip_blank_front(&str);
235 	strip_blank_end(str);
236 
237 	ret = str_split_parse(td, str, bssplit_ddir);
238 
239 	if (parse_dryrun()) {
240 		int i;
241 
242 		for (i = 0; i < DDIR_RWDIR_CNT; i++) {
243 			free(td->o.bssplit[i]);
244 			td->o.bssplit[i] = NULL;
245 			td->o.bssplit_nr[i] = 0;
246 		}
247 	}
248 
249 	free(p);
250 	return ret;
251 }
252 
str2error(char * str)253 static int str2error(char *str)
254 {
255 	const char *err[] = { "EPERM", "ENOENT", "ESRCH", "EINTR", "EIO",
256 			    "ENXIO", "E2BIG", "ENOEXEC", "EBADF",
257 			    "ECHILD", "EAGAIN", "ENOMEM", "EACCES",
258 			    "EFAULT", "ENOTBLK", "EBUSY", "EEXIST",
259 			    "EXDEV", "ENODEV", "ENOTDIR", "EISDIR",
260 			    "EINVAL", "ENFILE", "EMFILE", "ENOTTY",
261 			    "ETXTBSY","EFBIG", "ENOSPC", "ESPIPE",
262 			    "EROFS","EMLINK", "EPIPE", "EDOM", "ERANGE" };
263 	int i = 0, num = sizeof(err) / sizeof(char *);
264 
265 	while (i < num) {
266 		if (!strcmp(err[i], str))
267 			return i + 1;
268 		i++;
269 	}
270 	return 0;
271 }
272 
ignore_error_type(struct thread_data * td,int etype,char * str)273 static int ignore_error_type(struct thread_data *td, int etype, char *str)
274 {
275 	unsigned int i;
276 	int *error;
277 	char *fname;
278 
279 	if (etype >= ERROR_TYPE_CNT) {
280 		log_err("Illegal error type\n");
281 		return 1;
282 	}
283 
284 	td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype] = 4;
285 	error = malloc(4 * sizeof(struct bssplit));
286 
287 	i = 0;
288 	while ((fname = strsep(&str, ":")) != NULL) {
289 
290 		if (!strlen(fname))
291 			break;
292 
293 		/*
294 		 * grow struct buffer, if needed
295 		 */
296 		if (i == td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype]) {
297 			td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype] <<= 1;
298 			error = realloc(error, td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype]
299 						  * sizeof(int));
300 		}
301 		if (fname[0] == 'E') {
302 			error[i] = str2error(fname);
303 		} else {
304 			error[i] = atoi(fname);
305 			if (error[i] < 0)
306 				error[i] = -error[i];
307 		}
308 		if (!error[i]) {
309 			log_err("Unknown error %s, please use number value \n",
310 				  fname);
311 			free(error);
312 			return 1;
313 		}
314 		i++;
315 	}
316 	if (i) {
317 		td->o.continue_on_error |= 1 << etype;
318 		td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype] = i;
319 		td->o.ignore_error[etype] = error;
320 	} else
321 		free(error);
322 
323 	return 0;
324 
325 }
326 
str_ignore_error_cb(void * data,const char * input)327 static int str_ignore_error_cb(void *data, const char *input)
328 {
329 	struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
330 	char *str, *p, *n;
331 	int type = 0, ret = 1;
332 
333 	if (parse_dryrun())
334 		return 0;
335 
336 	p = str = strdup(input);
337 
338 	strip_blank_front(&str);
339 	strip_blank_end(str);
340 
341 	while (p) {
342 		n = strchr(p, ',');
343 		if (n)
344 			*n++ = '\0';
345 		ret = ignore_error_type(td, type, p);
346 		if (ret)
347 			break;
348 		p = n;
349 		type++;
350 	}
351 	free(str);
352 	return ret;
353 }
354 
str_rw_cb(void * data,const char * str)355 static int str_rw_cb(void *data, const char *str)
356 {
357 	struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
358 	struct thread_options *o = &td->o;
359 	char *nr;
360 
361 	if (parse_dryrun())
362 		return 0;
363 
364 	o->ddir_seq_nr = 1;
365 	o->ddir_seq_add = 0;
366 
367 	nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
368 	if (!nr)
369 		return 0;
370 
371 	if (td_random(td))
372 		o->ddir_seq_nr = atoi(nr);
373 	else {
374 		long long val;
375 
376 		if (str_to_decimal(nr, &val, 1, o, 0, 0)) {
377 			log_err("fio: rw postfix parsing failed\n");
378 			free(nr);
379 			return 1;
380 		}
381 
382 		o->ddir_seq_add = val;
383 	}
384 
385 	free(nr);
386 	return 0;
387 }
388 
str_mem_cb(void * data,const char * mem)389 static int str_mem_cb(void *data, const char *mem)
390 {
391 	struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
392 
393 	if (td->o.mem_type == MEM_MMAPHUGE || td->o.mem_type == MEM_MMAP ||
394 	    td->o.mem_type == MEM_MMAPSHARED)
395 		td->o.mmapfile = get_opt_postfix(mem);
396 
397 	return 0;
398 }
399 
fio_clock_source_cb(void * data,const char * str)400 static int fio_clock_source_cb(void *data, const char *str)
401 {
402 	struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
403 
404 	fio_clock_source = td->o.clocksource;
405 	fio_clock_source_set = 1;
406 	fio_clock_init();
407 	return 0;
408 }
409 
str_rwmix_read_cb(void * data,unsigned long long * val)410 static int str_rwmix_read_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *val)
411 {
412 	struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
413 
414 	td->o.rwmix[DDIR_READ] = *val;
415 	td->o.rwmix[DDIR_WRITE] = 100 - *val;
416 	return 0;
417 }
418 
str_rwmix_write_cb(void * data,unsigned long long * val)419 static int str_rwmix_write_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *val)
420 {
421 	struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
422 
423 	td->o.rwmix[DDIR_WRITE] = *val;
424 	td->o.rwmix[DDIR_READ] = 100 - *val;
425 	return 0;
426 }
427 
str_exitall_cb(void)428 static int str_exitall_cb(void)
429 {
430 	exitall_on_terminate = 1;
431 	return 0;
432 }
433 
434 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
fio_cpus_split(os_cpu_mask_t * mask,unsigned int cpu_index)435 int fio_cpus_split(os_cpu_mask_t *mask, unsigned int cpu_index)
436 {
437 	unsigned int i, index, cpus_in_mask;
438 	const long max_cpu = cpus_online();
439 
440 	cpus_in_mask = fio_cpu_count(mask);
441 	cpu_index = cpu_index % cpus_in_mask;
442 
443 	index = 0;
444 	for (i = 0; i < max_cpu; i++) {
445 		if (!fio_cpu_isset(mask, i))
446 			continue;
447 
448 		if (cpu_index != index)
449 			fio_cpu_clear(mask, i);
450 
451 		index++;
452 	}
453 
454 	return fio_cpu_count(mask);
455 }
456 
str_cpumask_cb(void * data,unsigned long long * val)457 static int str_cpumask_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *val)
458 {
459 	struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
460 	unsigned int i;
461 	long max_cpu;
462 	int ret;
463 
464 	if (parse_dryrun())
465 		return 0;
466 
467 	ret = fio_cpuset_init(&td->o.cpumask);
468 	if (ret < 0) {
469 		log_err("fio: cpuset_init failed\n");
470 		td_verror(td, ret, "fio_cpuset_init");
471 		return 1;
472 	}
473 
474 	max_cpu = cpus_online();
475 
476 	for (i = 0; i < sizeof(int) * 8; i++) {
477 		if ((1 << i) & *val) {
478 			if (i >= max_cpu) {
479 				log_err("fio: CPU %d too large (max=%ld)\n", i,
480 								max_cpu - 1);
481 				return 1;
482 			}
483 			dprint(FD_PARSE, "set cpu allowed %d\n", i);
484 			fio_cpu_set(&td->o.cpumask, i);
485 		}
486 	}
487 
488 	return 0;
489 }
490 
set_cpus_allowed(struct thread_data * td,os_cpu_mask_t * mask,const char * input)491 static int set_cpus_allowed(struct thread_data *td, os_cpu_mask_t *mask,
492 			    const char *input)
493 {
494 	char *cpu, *str, *p;
495 	long max_cpu;
496 	int ret = 0;
497 
498 	ret = fio_cpuset_init(mask);
499 	if (ret < 0) {
500 		log_err("fio: cpuset_init failed\n");
501 		td_verror(td, ret, "fio_cpuset_init");
502 		return 1;
503 	}
504 
505 	p = str = strdup(input);
506 
507 	strip_blank_front(&str);
508 	strip_blank_end(str);
509 
510 	max_cpu = cpus_online();
511 
512 	while ((cpu = strsep(&str, ",")) != NULL) {
513 		char *str2, *cpu2;
514 		int icpu, icpu2;
515 
516 		if (!strlen(cpu))
517 			break;
518 
519 		str2 = cpu;
520 		icpu2 = -1;
521 		while ((cpu2 = strsep(&str2, "-")) != NULL) {
522 			if (!strlen(cpu2))
523 				break;
524 
525 			icpu2 = atoi(cpu2);
526 		}
527 
528 		icpu = atoi(cpu);
529 		if (icpu2 == -1)
530 			icpu2 = icpu;
531 		while (icpu <= icpu2) {
532 			if (icpu >= FIO_MAX_CPUS) {
533 				log_err("fio: your OS only supports up to"
534 					" %d CPUs\n", (int) FIO_MAX_CPUS);
535 				ret = 1;
536 				break;
537 			}
538 			if (icpu >= max_cpu) {
539 				log_err("fio: CPU %d too large (max=%ld)\n",
540 							icpu, max_cpu - 1);
541 				ret = 1;
542 				break;
543 			}
544 
545 			dprint(FD_PARSE, "set cpu allowed %d\n", icpu);
546 			fio_cpu_set(mask, icpu);
547 			icpu++;
548 		}
549 		if (ret)
550 			break;
551 	}
552 
553 	free(p);
554 	return ret;
555 }
556 
str_cpus_allowed_cb(void * data,const char * input)557 static int str_cpus_allowed_cb(void *data, const char *input)
558 {
559 	struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
560 
561 	if (parse_dryrun())
562 		return 0;
563 
564 	return set_cpus_allowed(td, &td->o.cpumask, input);
565 }
566 
str_verify_cpus_allowed_cb(void * data,const char * input)567 static int str_verify_cpus_allowed_cb(void *data, const char *input)
568 {
569 	struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
570 
571 	if (parse_dryrun())
572 		return 0;
573 
574 	return set_cpus_allowed(td, &td->o.verify_cpumask, input);
575 }
576 
577 #ifdef CONFIG_ZLIB
str_log_cpus_allowed_cb(void * data,const char * input)578 static int str_log_cpus_allowed_cb(void *data, const char *input)
579 {
580 	struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
581 
582 	if (parse_dryrun())
583 		return 0;
584 
585 	return set_cpus_allowed(td, &td->o.log_gz_cpumask, input);
586 }
587 #endif /* CONFIG_ZLIB */
588 
589 #endif /* FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY */
590 
591 #ifdef CONFIG_LIBNUMA
str_numa_cpunodes_cb(void * data,char * input)592 static int str_numa_cpunodes_cb(void *data, char *input)
593 {
594 	struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
595 	struct bitmask *verify_bitmask;
596 
597 	if (parse_dryrun())
598 		return 0;
599 
600 	/* numa_parse_nodestring() parses a character string list
601 	 * of nodes into a bit mask. The bit mask is allocated by
602 	 * numa_allocate_nodemask(), so it should be freed by
603 	 * numa_free_nodemask().
604 	 */
605 	verify_bitmask = numa_parse_nodestring(input);
606 	if (verify_bitmask == NULL) {
607 		log_err("fio: numa_parse_nodestring failed\n");
608 		td_verror(td, 1, "str_numa_cpunodes_cb");
609 		return 1;
610 	}
611 	numa_free_nodemask(verify_bitmask);
612 
613 	td->o.numa_cpunodes = strdup(input);
614 	return 0;
615 }
616 
str_numa_mpol_cb(void * data,char * input)617 static int str_numa_mpol_cb(void *data, char *input)
618 {
619 	struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
620 	const char * const policy_types[] =
621 		{ "default", "prefer", "bind", "interleave", "local", NULL };
622 	int i;
623 	char *nodelist;
624 	struct bitmask *verify_bitmask;
625 
626 	if (parse_dryrun())
627 		return 0;
628 
629 	nodelist = strchr(input, ':');
630 	if (nodelist) {
631 		/* NUL-terminate mode */
632 		*nodelist++ = '\0';
633 	}
634 
635 	for (i = 0; i <= MPOL_LOCAL; i++) {
636 		if (!strcmp(input, policy_types[i])) {
637 			td->o.numa_mem_mode = i;
638 			break;
639 		}
640 	}
641 	if (i > MPOL_LOCAL) {
642 		log_err("fio: memory policy should be: default, prefer, bind, interleave, local\n");
643 		goto out;
644 	}
645 
646 	switch (td->o.numa_mem_mode) {
647 	case MPOL_PREFERRED:
648 		/*
649 		 * Insist on a nodelist of one node only
650 		 */
651 		if (nodelist) {
652 			char *rest = nodelist;
653 			while (isdigit(*rest))
654 				rest++;
655 			if (*rest) {
656 				log_err("fio: one node only for \'prefer\'\n");
657 				goto out;
658 			}
659 		} else {
660 			log_err("fio: one node is needed for \'prefer\'\n");
661 			goto out;
662 		}
663 		break;
664 	case MPOL_INTERLEAVE:
665 		/*
666 		 * Default to online nodes with memory if no nodelist
667 		 */
668 		if (!nodelist)
669 			nodelist = strdup("all");
670 		break;
671 	case MPOL_LOCAL:
672 	case MPOL_DEFAULT:
673 		/*
674 		 * Don't allow a nodelist
675 		 */
676 		if (nodelist) {
677 			log_err("fio: NO nodelist for \'local\'\n");
678 			goto out;
679 		}
680 		break;
681 	case MPOL_BIND:
682 		/*
683 		 * Insist on a nodelist
684 		 */
685 		if (!nodelist) {
686 			log_err("fio: a nodelist is needed for \'bind\'\n");
687 			goto out;
688 		}
689 		break;
690 	}
691 
692 
693 	/* numa_parse_nodestring() parses a character string list
694 	 * of nodes into a bit mask. The bit mask is allocated by
695 	 * numa_allocate_nodemask(), so it should be freed by
696 	 * numa_free_nodemask().
697 	 */
698 	switch (td->o.numa_mem_mode) {
699 	case MPOL_PREFERRED:
700 		td->o.numa_mem_prefer_node = atoi(nodelist);
701 		break;
702 	case MPOL_INTERLEAVE:
703 	case MPOL_BIND:
704 		verify_bitmask = numa_parse_nodestring(nodelist);
705 		if (verify_bitmask == NULL) {
706 			log_err("fio: numa_parse_nodestring failed\n");
707 			td_verror(td, 1, "str_numa_memnodes_cb");
708 			return 1;
709 		}
710 		td->o.numa_memnodes = strdup(nodelist);
711 		numa_free_nodemask(verify_bitmask);
712 
713 		break;
714 	case MPOL_LOCAL:
715 	case MPOL_DEFAULT:
716 	default:
717 		break;
718 	}
719 
720 	return 0;
721 out:
722 	return 1;
723 }
724 #endif
725 
str_fst_cb(void * data,const char * str)726 static int str_fst_cb(void *data, const char *str)
727 {
728 	struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
729 	double val;
730 	bool done = false;
731 	char *nr;
732 
733 	td->file_service_nr = 1;
734 
735 	switch (td->o.file_service_type) {
736 	case FIO_FSERVICE_RANDOM:
737 	case FIO_FSERVICE_RR:
738 	case FIO_FSERVICE_SEQ:
739 		nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
740 		if (nr) {
741 			td->file_service_nr = atoi(nr);
742 			free(nr);
743 		}
744 		done = true;
745 		break;
746 	case FIO_FSERVICE_ZIPF:
747 		val = FIO_DEF_ZIPF;
748 		break;
749 	case FIO_FSERVICE_PARETO:
750 		val = FIO_DEF_PARETO;
751 		break;
752 	case FIO_FSERVICE_GAUSS:
753 		val = 0.0;
754 		break;
755 	default:
756 		log_err("fio: bad file service type: %d\n", td->o.file_service_type);
757 		return 1;
758 	}
759 
760 	if (done)
761 		return 0;
762 
763 	nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
764 	if (nr && !str_to_float(nr, &val, 0)) {
765 		log_err("fio: file service type random postfix parsing failed\n");
766 		free(nr);
767 		return 1;
768 	}
769 
770 	free(nr);
771 
772 	switch (td->o.file_service_type) {
773 	case FIO_FSERVICE_ZIPF:
774 		if (val == 1.00) {
775 			log_err("fio: zipf theta must be different than 1.0\n");
776 			return 1;
777 		}
778 		if (parse_dryrun())
779 			return 0;
780 		td->zipf_theta = val;
781 		break;
782 	case FIO_FSERVICE_PARETO:
783 		if (val <= 0.00 || val >= 1.00) {
784                           log_err("fio: pareto input out of range (0 < input < 1.0)\n");
785                           return 1;
786 		}
787 		if (parse_dryrun())
788 			return 0;
789 		td->pareto_h = val;
790 		break;
791 	case FIO_FSERVICE_GAUSS:
792 		if (val < 0.00 || val >= 100.00) {
793                           log_err("fio: normal deviation out of range (0 <= input < 100.0)\n");
794                           return 1;
795 		}
796 		if (parse_dryrun())
797 			return 0;
798 		td->gauss_dev = val;
799 		break;
800 	}
801 
802 	return 0;
803 }
804 
805 #ifdef CONFIG_SYNC_FILE_RANGE
str_sfr_cb(void * data,const char * str)806 static int str_sfr_cb(void *data, const char *str)
807 {
808 	struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
809 	char *nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
810 
811 	td->sync_file_range_nr = 1;
812 	if (nr) {
813 		td->sync_file_range_nr = atoi(nr);
814 		free(nr);
815 	}
816 
817 	return 0;
818 }
819 #endif
820 
zone_cmp(const void * p1,const void * p2)821 static int zone_cmp(const void *p1, const void *p2)
822 {
823 	const struct zone_split *zsp1 = p1;
824 	const struct zone_split *zsp2 = p2;
825 
826 	return (int) zsp2->access_perc - (int) zsp1->access_perc;
827 }
828 
zone_split_ddir(struct thread_options * o,enum fio_ddir ddir,char * str)829 static int zone_split_ddir(struct thread_options *o, enum fio_ddir ddir,
830 			   char *str)
831 {
832 	unsigned int i, perc, perc_missing, sperc, sperc_missing;
833 	struct split split;
834 
835 	memset(&split, 0, sizeof(split));
836 
837 	if (split_parse_ddir(o, &split, ddir, str))
838 		return 1;
839 	if (!split.nr)
840 		return 0;
841 
842 	o->zone_split[ddir] = malloc(split.nr * sizeof(struct zone_split));
843 	o->zone_split_nr[ddir] = split.nr;
844 	for (i = 0; i < split.nr; i++) {
845 		o->zone_split[ddir][i].access_perc = split.val1[i];
846 		o->zone_split[ddir][i].size_perc = split.val2[i];
847 	}
848 
849 	/*
850 	 * Now check if the percentages add up, and how much is missing
851 	 */
852 	perc = perc_missing = 0;
853 	sperc = sperc_missing = 0;
854 	for (i = 0; i < o->zone_split_nr[ddir]; i++) {
855 		struct zone_split *zsp = &o->zone_split[ddir][i];
856 
857 		if (zsp->access_perc == (uint8_t) -1U)
858 			perc_missing++;
859 		else
860 			perc += zsp->access_perc;
861 
862 		if (zsp->size_perc == (uint8_t) -1U)
863 			sperc_missing++;
864 		else
865 			sperc += zsp->size_perc;
866 
867 	}
868 
869 	if (perc > 100 || sperc > 100) {
870 		log_err("fio: zone_split percentages add to more than 100%%\n");
871 		free(o->zone_split[ddir]);
872 		o->zone_split[ddir] = NULL;
873 		return 1;
874 	}
875 	if (perc < 100) {
876 		log_err("fio: access percentage don't add up to 100 for zoned "
877 			"random distribution (got=%u)\n", perc);
878 		free(o->zone_split[ddir]);
879 		o->zone_split[ddir] = NULL;
880 		return 1;
881 	}
882 
883 	/*
884 	 * If values didn't have a percentage set, divide the remains between
885 	 * them.
886 	 */
887 	if (perc_missing) {
888 		if (perc_missing == 1 && o->zone_split_nr[ddir] == 1)
889 			perc = 100;
890 		for (i = 0; i < o->zone_split_nr[ddir]; i++) {
891 			struct zone_split *zsp = &o->zone_split[ddir][i];
892 
893 			if (zsp->access_perc == (uint8_t) -1U)
894 				zsp->access_perc = (100 - perc) / perc_missing;
895 		}
896 	}
897 	if (sperc_missing) {
898 		if (sperc_missing == 1 && o->zone_split_nr[ddir] == 1)
899 			sperc = 100;
900 		for (i = 0; i < o->zone_split_nr[ddir]; i++) {
901 			struct zone_split *zsp = &o->zone_split[ddir][i];
902 
903 			if (zsp->size_perc == (uint8_t) -1U)
904 				zsp->size_perc = (100 - sperc) / sperc_missing;
905 		}
906 	}
907 
908 	/*
909 	 * now sort based on percentages, for ease of lookup
910 	 */
911 	qsort(o->zone_split[ddir], o->zone_split_nr[ddir], sizeof(struct zone_split), zone_cmp);
912 	return 0;
913 }
914 
__td_zone_gen_index(struct thread_data * td,enum fio_ddir ddir)915 static void __td_zone_gen_index(struct thread_data *td, enum fio_ddir ddir)
916 {
917 	unsigned int i, j, sprev, aprev;
918 
919 	td->zone_state_index[ddir] = malloc(sizeof(struct zone_split_index) * 100);
920 
921 	sprev = aprev = 0;
922 	for (i = 0; i < td->o.zone_split_nr[ddir]; i++) {
923 		struct zone_split *zsp = &td->o.zone_split[ddir][i];
924 
925 		for (j = aprev; j < aprev + zsp->access_perc; j++) {
926 			struct zone_split_index *zsi = &td->zone_state_index[ddir][j];
927 
928 			zsi->size_perc = sprev + zsp->size_perc;
929 			zsi->size_perc_prev = sprev;
930 		}
931 
932 		aprev += zsp->access_perc;
933 		sprev += zsp->size_perc;
934 	}
935 }
936 
937 /*
938  * Generate state table for indexes, so we don't have to do it inline from
939  * the hot IO path
940  */
td_zone_gen_index(struct thread_data * td)941 static void td_zone_gen_index(struct thread_data *td)
942 {
943 	int i;
944 
945 	td->zone_state_index = malloc(DDIR_RWDIR_CNT *
946 					sizeof(struct zone_split_index *));
947 
948 	for (i = 0; i < DDIR_RWDIR_CNT; i++)
949 		__td_zone_gen_index(td, i);
950 }
951 
parse_zoned_distribution(struct thread_data * td,const char * input)952 static int parse_zoned_distribution(struct thread_data *td, const char *input)
953 {
954 	char *str, *p;
955 	int i, ret = 0;
956 
957 	p = str = strdup(input);
958 
959 	strip_blank_front(&str);
960 	strip_blank_end(str);
961 
962 	/* We expect it to start like that, bail if not */
963 	if (strncmp(str, "zoned:", 6)) {
964 		log_err("fio: mismatch in zoned input <%s>\n", str);
965 		free(p);
966 		return 1;
967 	}
968 	str += strlen("zoned:");
969 
970 	ret = str_split_parse(td, str, zone_split_ddir);
971 
972 	free(p);
973 
974 	for (i = 0; i < DDIR_RWDIR_CNT; i++) {
975 		int j;
976 
977 		dprint(FD_PARSE, "zone ddir %d (nr=%u): \n", i, td->o.zone_split_nr[i]);
978 
979 		for (j = 0; j < td->o.zone_split_nr[i]; j++) {
980 			struct zone_split *zsp = &td->o.zone_split[i][j];
981 
982 			dprint(FD_PARSE, "\t%d: %u/%u\n", j, zsp->access_perc,
983 								zsp->size_perc);
984 		}
985 	}
986 
987 	if (parse_dryrun()) {
988 		int i;
989 
990 		for (i = 0; i < DDIR_RWDIR_CNT; i++) {
991 			free(td->o.zone_split[i]);
992 			td->o.zone_split[i] = NULL;
993 			td->o.zone_split_nr[i] = 0;
994 		}
995 
996 		return ret;
997 	}
998 
999 	if (!ret)
1000 		td_zone_gen_index(td);
1001 	else {
1002 		for (i = 0; i < DDIR_RWDIR_CNT; i++)
1003 			td->o.zone_split_nr[i] = 0;
1004 	}
1005 
1006 	return ret;
1007 }
1008 
str_random_distribution_cb(void * data,const char * str)1009 static int str_random_distribution_cb(void *data, const char *str)
1010 {
1011 	struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1012 	double val;
1013 	char *nr;
1014 
1015 	if (td->o.random_distribution == FIO_RAND_DIST_ZIPF)
1016 		val = FIO_DEF_ZIPF;
1017 	else if (td->o.random_distribution == FIO_RAND_DIST_PARETO)
1018 		val = FIO_DEF_PARETO;
1019 	else if (td->o.random_distribution == FIO_RAND_DIST_GAUSS)
1020 		val = 0.0;
1021 	else if (td->o.random_distribution == FIO_RAND_DIST_ZONED)
1022 		return parse_zoned_distribution(td, str);
1023 	else
1024 		return 0;
1025 
1026 	nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
1027 	if (nr && !str_to_float(nr, &val, 0)) {
1028 		log_err("fio: random postfix parsing failed\n");
1029 		free(nr);
1030 		return 1;
1031 	}
1032 
1033 	free(nr);
1034 
1035 	if (td->o.random_distribution == FIO_RAND_DIST_ZIPF) {
1036 		if (val == 1.00) {
1037 			log_err("fio: zipf theta must different than 1.0\n");
1038 			return 1;
1039 		}
1040 		if (parse_dryrun())
1041 			return 0;
1042 		td->o.zipf_theta.u.f = val;
1043 	} else if (td->o.random_distribution == FIO_RAND_DIST_PARETO) {
1044 		if (val <= 0.00 || val >= 1.00) {
1045 			log_err("fio: pareto input out of range (0 < input < 1.0)\n");
1046 			return 1;
1047 		}
1048 		if (parse_dryrun())
1049 			return 0;
1050 		td->o.pareto_h.u.f = val;
1051 	} else {
1052 		if (val < 0.00 || val >= 100.0) {
1053 			log_err("fio: normal deviation out of range (0 <= input < 100.0)\n");
1054 			return 1;
1055 		}
1056 		if (parse_dryrun())
1057 			return 0;
1058 		td->o.gauss_dev.u.f = val;
1059 	}
1060 
1061 	return 0;
1062 }
1063 
str_steadystate_cb(void * data,const char * str)1064 static int str_steadystate_cb(void *data, const char *str)
1065 {
1066 	struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1067 	double val;
1068 	char *nr;
1069 	char *pct;
1070 	long long ll;
1071 
1072 	if (td->o.ss_state != FIO_SS_IOPS && td->o.ss_state != FIO_SS_IOPS_SLOPE &&
1073 	    td->o.ss_state != FIO_SS_BW && td->o.ss_state != FIO_SS_BW_SLOPE) {
1074 		/* should be impossible to get here */
1075 		log_err("fio: unknown steady state criterion\n");
1076 		return 1;
1077 	}
1078 
1079 	nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
1080 	if (!nr) {
1081 		log_err("fio: steadystate threshold must be specified in addition to criterion\n");
1082 		free(nr);
1083 		return 1;
1084 	}
1085 
1086 	/* ENHANCEMENT Allow fio to understand size=10.2% and use here */
1087 	pct = strstr(nr, "%");
1088 	if (pct) {
1089 		*pct = '\0';
1090 		strip_blank_end(nr);
1091 		if (!str_to_float(nr, &val, 0))	{
1092 			log_err("fio: could not parse steadystate threshold percentage\n");
1093 			free(nr);
1094 			return 1;
1095 		}
1096 
1097 		dprint(FD_PARSE, "set steady state threshold to %f%%\n", val);
1098 		free(nr);
1099 		if (parse_dryrun())
1100 			return 0;
1101 
1102 		td->o.ss_state |= __FIO_SS_PCT;
1103 		td->o.ss_limit.u.f = val;
1104 	} else if (td->o.ss_state & __FIO_SS_IOPS) {
1105 		if (!str_to_float(nr, &val, 0)) {
1106 			log_err("fio: steadystate IOPS threshold postfix parsing failed\n");
1107 			free(nr);
1108 			return 1;
1109 		}
1110 
1111 		dprint(FD_PARSE, "set steady state IOPS threshold to %f\n", val);
1112 		free(nr);
1113 		if (parse_dryrun())
1114 			return 0;
1115 
1116 		td->o.ss_limit.u.f = val;
1117 	} else {	/* bandwidth criterion */
1118 		if (str_to_decimal(nr, &ll, 1, td, 0, 0)) {
1119 			log_err("fio: steadystate BW threshold postfix parsing failed\n");
1120 			free(nr);
1121 			return 1;
1122 		}
1123 
1124 		dprint(FD_PARSE, "set steady state BW threshold to %lld\n", ll);
1125 		free(nr);
1126 		if (parse_dryrun())
1127 			return 0;
1128 
1129 		td->o.ss_limit.u.f = (double) ll;
1130 	}
1131 
1132 	td->ss.state = td->o.ss_state;
1133 	return 0;
1134 }
1135 
1136 /*
1137  * Return next name in the string. Files are separated with ':'. If the ':'
1138  * is escaped with a '\', then that ':' is part of the filename and does not
1139  * indicate a new file.
1140  */
get_next_name(char ** ptr)1141 static char *get_next_name(char **ptr)
1142 {
1143 	char *str = *ptr;
1144 	char *p, *start;
1145 
1146 	if (!str || !strlen(str))
1147 		return NULL;
1148 
1149 	start = str;
1150 	do {
1151 		/*
1152 		 * No colon, we are done
1153 		 */
1154 		p = strchr(str, ':');
1155 		if (!p) {
1156 			*ptr = NULL;
1157 			break;
1158 		}
1159 
1160 		/*
1161 		 * We got a colon, but it's the first character. Skip and
1162 		 * continue
1163 		 */
1164 		if (p == start) {
1165 			str = ++start;
1166 			continue;
1167 		}
1168 
1169 		if (*(p - 1) != '\\') {
1170 			*p = '\0';
1171 			*ptr = p + 1;
1172 			break;
1173 		}
1174 
1175 		memmove(p - 1, p, strlen(p) + 1);
1176 		str = p;
1177 	} while (1);
1178 
1179 	return start;
1180 }
1181 
1182 
get_max_name_idx(char * input)1183 static int get_max_name_idx(char *input)
1184 {
1185 	unsigned int cur_idx;
1186 	char *str, *p;
1187 
1188 	p = str = strdup(input);
1189 	for (cur_idx = 0; ; cur_idx++)
1190 		if (get_next_name(&str) == NULL)
1191 			break;
1192 
1193 	free(p);
1194 	return cur_idx;
1195 }
1196 
1197 /*
1198  * Returns the directory at the index, indexes > entires will be
1199  * assigned via modulo division of the index
1200  */
set_name_idx(char * target,size_t tlen,char * input,int index,bool unique_filename)1201 int set_name_idx(char *target, size_t tlen, char *input, int index,
1202 		 bool unique_filename)
1203 {
1204 	unsigned int cur_idx;
1205 	int len;
1206 	char *fname, *str, *p;
1207 
1208 	p = str = strdup(input);
1209 
1210 	index %= get_max_name_idx(input);
1211 	for (cur_idx = 0; cur_idx <= index; cur_idx++)
1212 		fname = get_next_name(&str);
1213 
1214 	if (client_sockaddr_str[0] && unique_filename) {
1215 		len = snprintf(target, tlen, "%s/%s.", fname,
1216 				client_sockaddr_str);
1217 	} else
1218 		len = snprintf(target, tlen, "%s/", fname);
1219 
1220 	target[tlen - 1] = '\0';
1221 	free(p);
1222 
1223 	return len;
1224 }
1225 
str_filename_cb(void * data,const char * input)1226 static int str_filename_cb(void *data, const char *input)
1227 {
1228 	struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1229 	char *fname, *str, *p;
1230 
1231 	p = str = strdup(input);
1232 
1233 	strip_blank_front(&str);
1234 	strip_blank_end(str);
1235 
1236 	/*
1237 	 * Ignore what we may already have from nrfiles option.
1238 	 */
1239 	if (!td->files_index)
1240 		td->o.nr_files = 0;
1241 
1242 	while ((fname = get_next_name(&str)) != NULL) {
1243 		if (!strlen(fname))
1244 			break;
1245 		add_file(td, fname, 0, 1);
1246 	}
1247 
1248 	free(p);
1249 	return 0;
1250 }
1251 
str_directory_cb(void * data,const char fio_unused * unused)1252 static int str_directory_cb(void *data, const char fio_unused *unused)
1253 {
1254 	struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1255 	struct stat sb;
1256 	char *dirname, *str, *p;
1257 	int ret = 0;
1258 
1259 	if (parse_dryrun())
1260 		return 0;
1261 
1262 	p = str = strdup(td->o.directory);
1263 	while ((dirname = get_next_name(&str)) != NULL) {
1264 		if (lstat(dirname, &sb) < 0) {
1265 			ret = errno;
1266 
1267 			log_err("fio: %s is not a directory\n", dirname);
1268 			td_verror(td, ret, "lstat");
1269 			goto out;
1270 		}
1271 		if (!S_ISDIR(sb.st_mode)) {
1272 			log_err("fio: %s is not a directory\n", dirname);
1273 			ret = 1;
1274 			goto out;
1275 		}
1276 	}
1277 
1278 out:
1279 	free(p);
1280 	return ret;
1281 }
1282 
str_opendir_cb(void * data,const char fio_unused * str)1283 static int str_opendir_cb(void *data, const char fio_unused *str)
1284 {
1285 	struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1286 
1287 	if (parse_dryrun())
1288 		return 0;
1289 
1290 	if (!td->files_index)
1291 		td->o.nr_files = 0;
1292 
1293 	return add_dir_files(td, td->o.opendir);
1294 }
1295 
str_buffer_pattern_cb(void * data,const char * input)1296 static int str_buffer_pattern_cb(void *data, const char *input)
1297 {
1298 	struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1299 	int ret;
1300 
1301 	/* FIXME: for now buffer pattern does not support formats */
1302 	ret = parse_and_fill_pattern(input, strlen(input), td->o.buffer_pattern,
1303 				     MAX_PATTERN_SIZE, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
1304 	if (ret < 0)
1305 		return 1;
1306 
1307 	assert(ret != 0);
1308 	td->o.buffer_pattern_bytes = ret;
1309 
1310 	/*
1311 	 * If this job is doing any reading or has compression set,
1312 	 * ensure that we refill buffers for writes or we could be
1313 	 * invalidating the pattern through reads.
1314 	 */
1315 	if (!td->o.compress_percentage && !td_read(td))
1316 		td->o.refill_buffers = 0;
1317 	else
1318 		td->o.refill_buffers = 1;
1319 
1320 	td->o.scramble_buffers = 0;
1321 	td->o.zero_buffers = 0;
1322 
1323 	return 0;
1324 }
1325 
str_buffer_compress_cb(void * data,unsigned long long * il)1326 static int str_buffer_compress_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *il)
1327 {
1328 	struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1329 
1330 	td->flags |= TD_F_COMPRESS;
1331 	td->o.compress_percentage = *il;
1332 	return 0;
1333 }
1334 
str_dedupe_cb(void * data,unsigned long long * il)1335 static int str_dedupe_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *il)
1336 {
1337 	struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1338 
1339 	td->flags |= TD_F_COMPRESS;
1340 	td->o.dedupe_percentage = *il;
1341 	td->o.refill_buffers = 1;
1342 	return 0;
1343 }
1344 
str_verify_pattern_cb(void * data,const char * input)1345 static int str_verify_pattern_cb(void *data, const char *input)
1346 {
1347 	struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1348 	int ret;
1349 
1350 	td->o.verify_fmt_sz = ARRAY_SIZE(td->o.verify_fmt);
1351 	ret = parse_and_fill_pattern(input, strlen(input), td->o.verify_pattern,
1352 				     MAX_PATTERN_SIZE, fmt_desc, sizeof(fmt_desc),
1353 				     td->o.verify_fmt, &td->o.verify_fmt_sz);
1354 	if (ret < 0)
1355 		return 1;
1356 
1357 	assert(ret != 0);
1358 	td->o.verify_pattern_bytes = ret;
1359 	/*
1360 	 * VERIFY_* could already be set
1361 	 */
1362 	if (!fio_option_is_set(&td->o, verify))
1363 		td->o.verify = VERIFY_PATTERN;
1364 
1365 	return 0;
1366 }
1367 
str_gtod_reduce_cb(void * data,int * il)1368 static int str_gtod_reduce_cb(void *data, int *il)
1369 {
1370 	struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1371 	int val = *il;
1372 
1373 	td->o.disable_lat = !!val;
1374 	td->o.disable_clat = !!val;
1375 	td->o.disable_slat = !!val;
1376 	td->o.disable_bw = !!val;
1377 	td->o.clat_percentiles = !val;
1378 	if (val)
1379 		td->tv_cache_mask = 63;
1380 
1381 	return 0;
1382 }
1383 
str_size_cb(void * data,unsigned long long * __val)1384 static int str_size_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *__val)
1385 {
1386 	struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1387 	unsigned long long v = *__val;
1388 
1389 	if (parse_is_percent(v)) {
1390 		td->o.size = 0;
1391 		td->o.size_percent = -1ULL - v;
1392 	} else
1393 		td->o.size = v;
1394 
1395 	return 0;
1396 }
1397 
str_write_bw_log_cb(void * data,const char * str)1398 static int str_write_bw_log_cb(void *data, const char *str)
1399 {
1400 	struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1401 
1402 	if (str)
1403 		td->o.bw_log_file = strdup(str);
1404 
1405 	td->o.write_bw_log = 1;
1406 	return 0;
1407 }
1408 
str_write_lat_log_cb(void * data,const char * str)1409 static int str_write_lat_log_cb(void *data, const char *str)
1410 {
1411 	struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1412 
1413 	if (str)
1414 		td->o.lat_log_file = strdup(str);
1415 
1416 	td->o.write_lat_log = 1;
1417 	return 0;
1418 }
1419 
str_write_iops_log_cb(void * data,const char * str)1420 static int str_write_iops_log_cb(void *data, const char *str)
1421 {
1422 	struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1423 
1424 	if (str)
1425 		td->o.iops_log_file = strdup(str);
1426 
1427 	td->o.write_iops_log = 1;
1428 	return 0;
1429 }
1430 
str_write_hist_log_cb(void * data,const char * str)1431 static int str_write_hist_log_cb(void *data, const char *str)
1432 {
1433 	struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1434 
1435 	if (str)
1436 		td->o.hist_log_file = strdup(str);
1437 
1438 	td->o.write_hist_log = 1;
1439 	return 0;
1440 }
1441 
rw_verify(struct fio_option * o,void * data)1442 static int rw_verify(struct fio_option *o, void *data)
1443 {
1444 	struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1445 
1446 	if (read_only && td_write(td)) {
1447 		log_err("fio: job <%s> has write bit set, but fio is in"
1448 			" read-only mode\n", td->o.name);
1449 		return 1;
1450 	}
1451 
1452 	return 0;
1453 }
1454 
gtod_cpu_verify(struct fio_option * o,void * data)1455 static int gtod_cpu_verify(struct fio_option *o, void *data)
1456 {
1457 #ifndef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
1458 	struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1459 
1460 	if (td->o.gtod_cpu) {
1461 		log_err("fio: platform must support CPU affinity for"
1462 			"gettimeofday() offloading\n");
1463 		return 1;
1464 	}
1465 #endif
1466 
1467 	return 0;
1468 }
1469 
1470 /*
1471  * Map of job/command line options
1472  */
1473 struct fio_option fio_options[FIO_MAX_OPTS] = {
1474 	{
1475 		.name	= "description",
1476 		.lname	= "Description of job",
1477 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1478 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, description),
1479 		.help	= "Text job description",
1480 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1481 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_DESC,
1482 	},
1483 	{
1484 		.name	= "name",
1485 		.lname	= "Job name",
1486 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1487 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, name),
1488 		.help	= "Name of this job",
1489 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1490 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_DESC,
1491 	},
1492 	{
1493 		.name	= "wait_for",
1494 		.lname	= "Waitee name",
1495 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1496 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, wait_for),
1497 		.help	= "Name of the job this one wants to wait for before starting",
1498 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1499 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_DESC,
1500 	},
1501 	{
1502 		.name	= "filename",
1503 		.lname	= "Filename(s)",
1504 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1505 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, filename),
1506 		.cb	= str_filename_cb,
1507 		.prio	= -1, /* must come after "directory" */
1508 		.help	= "File(s) to use for the workload",
1509 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1510 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1511 	},
1512 	{
1513 		.name	= "directory",
1514 		.lname	= "Directory",
1515 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1516 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, directory),
1517 		.cb	= str_directory_cb,
1518 		.help	= "Directory to store files in",
1519 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1520 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1521 	},
1522 	{
1523 		.name	= "filename_format",
1524 		.lname	= "Filename Format",
1525 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1526 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, filename_format),
1527 		.prio	= -1, /* must come after "directory" */
1528 		.help	= "Override default $jobname.$jobnum.$filenum naming",
1529 		.def	= "$jobname.$jobnum.$filenum",
1530 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1531 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1532 	},
1533 	{
1534 		.name	= "unique_filename",
1535 		.lname	= "Unique Filename",
1536 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1537 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, unique_filename),
1538 		.help	= "For network clients, prefix file with source IP",
1539 		.def	= "1",
1540 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1541 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1542 	},
1543 	{
1544 		.name	= "lockfile",
1545 		.lname	= "Lockfile",
1546 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR,
1547 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, file_lock_mode),
1548 		.help	= "Lock file when doing IO to it",
1549 		.prio	= 1,
1550 		.parent	= "filename",
1551 		.hide	= 0,
1552 		.def	= "none",
1553 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1554 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1555 		.posval = {
1556 			  { .ival = "none",
1557 			    .oval = FILE_LOCK_NONE,
1558 			    .help = "No file locking",
1559 			  },
1560 			  { .ival = "exclusive",
1561 			    .oval = FILE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE,
1562 			    .help = "Exclusive file lock",
1563 			  },
1564 			  {
1565 			    .ival = "readwrite",
1566 			    .oval = FILE_LOCK_READWRITE,
1567 			    .help = "Read vs write lock",
1568 			  },
1569 		},
1570 	},
1571 	{
1572 		.name	= "opendir",
1573 		.lname	= "Open directory",
1574 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1575 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, opendir),
1576 		.cb	= str_opendir_cb,
1577 		.help	= "Recursively add files from this directory and down",
1578 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1579 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1580 	},
1581 	{
1582 		.name	= "rw",
1583 		.lname	= "Read/write",
1584 		.alias	= "readwrite",
1585 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR,
1586 		.cb	= str_rw_cb,
1587 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, td_ddir),
1588 		.help	= "IO direction",
1589 		.def	= "read",
1590 		.verify	= rw_verify,
1591 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1592 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1593 		.posval = {
1594 			  { .ival = "read",
1595 			    .oval = TD_DDIR_READ,
1596 			    .help = "Sequential read",
1597 			  },
1598 			  { .ival = "write",
1599 			    .oval = TD_DDIR_WRITE,
1600 			    .help = "Sequential write",
1601 			  },
1602 			  { .ival = "trim",
1603 			    .oval = TD_DDIR_TRIM,
1604 			    .help = "Sequential trim",
1605 			  },
1606 			  { .ival = "randread",
1607 			    .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDREAD,
1608 			    .help = "Random read",
1609 			  },
1610 			  { .ival = "randwrite",
1611 			    .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDWRITE,
1612 			    .help = "Random write",
1613 			  },
1614 			  { .ival = "randtrim",
1615 			    .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDTRIM,
1616 			    .help = "Random trim",
1617 			  },
1618 			  { .ival = "rw",
1619 			    .oval = TD_DDIR_RW,
1620 			    .help = "Sequential read and write mix",
1621 			  },
1622 			  { .ival = "readwrite",
1623 			    .oval = TD_DDIR_RW,
1624 			    .help = "Sequential read and write mix",
1625 			  },
1626 			  { .ival = "randrw",
1627 			    .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDRW,
1628 			    .help = "Random read and write mix"
1629 			  },
1630 			  { .ival = "trimwrite",
1631 			    .oval = TD_DDIR_TRIMWRITE,
1632 			    .help = "Trim and write mix, trims preceding writes"
1633 			  },
1634 		},
1635 	},
1636 	{
1637 		.name	= "rw_sequencer",
1638 		.lname	= "RW Sequencer",
1639 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR,
1640 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, rw_seq),
1641 		.help	= "IO offset generator modifier",
1642 		.def	= "sequential",
1643 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1644 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1645 		.posval = {
1646 			  { .ival = "sequential",
1647 			    .oval = RW_SEQ_SEQ,
1648 			    .help = "Generate sequential offsets",
1649 			  },
1650 			  { .ival = "identical",
1651 			    .oval = RW_SEQ_IDENT,
1652 			    .help = "Generate identical offsets",
1653 			  },
1654 		},
1655 	},
1656 
1657 	{
1658 		.name	= "ioengine",
1659 		.lname	= "IO Engine",
1660 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1661 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, ioengine),
1662 		.help	= "IO engine to use",
1663 		.def	= FIO_PREFERRED_ENGINE,
1664 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1665 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1666 		.posval	= {
1667 			  { .ival = "sync",
1668 			    .help = "Use read/write",
1669 			  },
1670 			  { .ival = "psync",
1671 			    .help = "Use pread/pwrite",
1672 			  },
1673 			  { .ival = "vsync",
1674 			    .help = "Use readv/writev",
1675 			  },
1676 #ifdef CONFIG_PWRITEV
1677 			  { .ival = "pvsync",
1678 			    .help = "Use preadv/pwritev",
1679 			  },
1680 #endif
1681 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_PWRITEV2
1682 			  { .ival = "pvsync2",
1683 			    .help = "Use preadv2/pwritev2",
1684 			  },
1685 #endif
1686 #ifdef CONFIG_LIBAIO
1687 			  { .ival = "libaio",
1688 			    .help = "Linux native asynchronous IO",
1689 			  },
1690 #endif
1691 #ifdef CONFIG_POSIXAIO
1692 			  { .ival = "posixaio",
1693 			    .help = "POSIX asynchronous IO",
1694 			  },
1695 #endif
1696 #ifdef CONFIG_SOLARISAIO
1697 			  { .ival = "solarisaio",
1698 			    .help = "Solaris native asynchronous IO",
1699 			  },
1700 #endif
1701 #ifdef CONFIG_WINDOWSAIO
1702 			  { .ival = "windowsaio",
1703 			    .help = "Windows native asynchronous IO"
1704 			  },
1705 #endif
1706 #ifdef CONFIG_RBD
1707 			  { .ival = "rbd",
1708 			    .help = "Rados Block Device asynchronous IO"
1709 			  },
1710 #endif
1711 			  { .ival = "mmap",
1712 			    .help = "Memory mapped IO"
1713 			  },
1714 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_SPLICE
1715 			  { .ival = "splice",
1716 			    .help = "splice/vmsplice based IO",
1717 			  },
1718 			  { .ival = "netsplice",
1719 			    .help = "splice/vmsplice to/from the network",
1720 			  },
1721 #endif
1722 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_SGIO
1723 			  { .ival = "sg",
1724 			    .help = "SCSI generic v3 IO",
1725 			  },
1726 #endif
1727 			  { .ival = "null",
1728 			    .help = "Testing engine (no data transfer)",
1729 			  },
1730 			  { .ival = "net",
1731 			    .help = "Network IO",
1732 			  },
1733 			  { .ival = "cpuio",
1734 			    .help = "CPU cycle burner engine",
1735 			  },
1736 #ifdef CONFIG_GUASI
1737 			  { .ival = "guasi",
1738 			    .help = "GUASI IO engine",
1739 			  },
1740 #endif
1741 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_BINJECT
1742 			  { .ival = "binject",
1743 			    .help = "binject direct inject block engine",
1744 			  },
1745 #endif
1746 #ifdef CONFIG_RDMA
1747 			  { .ival = "rdma",
1748 			    .help = "RDMA IO engine",
1749 			  },
1750 #endif
1751 #ifdef CONFIG_FUSION_AW
1752 			  { .ival = "fusion-aw-sync",
1753 			    .help = "Fusion-io atomic write engine",
1754 			  },
1755 #endif
1756 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_EXT4_MOVE_EXTENT
1757 			  { .ival = "e4defrag",
1758 			    .help = "ext4 defrag engine",
1759 			  },
1760 #endif
1761 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_FALLOCATE
1762 			  { .ival = "falloc",
1763 			    .help = "fallocate() file based engine",
1764 			  },
1765 #endif
1766 #ifdef CONFIG_GFAPI
1767 			  { .ival = "gfapi",
1768 			    .help = "Glusterfs libgfapi(sync) based engine"
1769 			  },
1770 			  { .ival = "gfapi_async",
1771 			    .help = "Glusterfs libgfapi(async) based engine"
1772 			  },
1773 #endif
1774 #ifdef CONFIG_LIBHDFS
1775 			  { .ival = "libhdfs",
1776 			    .help = "Hadoop Distributed Filesystem (HDFS) engine"
1777 			  },
1778 #endif
1779 #ifdef CONFIG_PMEMBLK
1780 			  { .ival = "pmemblk",
1781 			    .help = "NVML libpmemblk based IO engine",
1782 			  },
1783 
1784 #endif
1785 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_DEVDAX
1786 			  { .ival = "dev-dax",
1787 			    .help = "DAX Device based IO engine",
1788 			  },
1789 #endif
1790 			  { .ival = "external",
1791 			    .help = "Load external engine (append name)",
1792 			  },
1793 		},
1794 	},
1795 	{
1796 		.name	= "iodepth",
1797 		.lname	= "IO Depth",
1798 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
1799 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, iodepth),
1800 		.help	= "Number of IO buffers to keep in flight",
1801 		.minval = 1,
1802 		.interval = 1,
1803 		.def	= "1",
1804 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1805 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1806 	},
1807 	{
1808 		.name	= "iodepth_batch",
1809 		.lname	= "IO Depth batch",
1810 		.alias	= "iodepth_batch_submit",
1811 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
1812 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, iodepth_batch),
1813 		.help	= "Number of IO buffers to submit in one go",
1814 		.parent	= "iodepth",
1815 		.hide	= 1,
1816 		.interval = 1,
1817 		.def	= "1",
1818 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1819 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1820 	},
1821 	{
1822 		.name	= "iodepth_batch_complete_min",
1823 		.lname	= "Min IO depth batch complete",
1824 		.alias	= "iodepth_batch_complete",
1825 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
1826 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, iodepth_batch_complete_min),
1827 		.help	= "Min number of IO buffers to retrieve in one go",
1828 		.parent	= "iodepth",
1829 		.hide	= 1,
1830 		.minval	= 0,
1831 		.interval = 1,
1832 		.def	= "1",
1833 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1834 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1835 	},
1836 	{
1837 		.name	= "iodepth_batch_complete_max",
1838 		.lname	= "Max IO depth batch complete",
1839 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
1840 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, iodepth_batch_complete_max),
1841 		.help	= "Max number of IO buffers to retrieve in one go",
1842 		.parent	= "iodepth",
1843 		.hide	= 1,
1844 		.minval	= 0,
1845 		.interval = 1,
1846 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1847 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1848 	},
1849 	{
1850 		.name	= "iodepth_low",
1851 		.lname	= "IO Depth batch low",
1852 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
1853 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, iodepth_low),
1854 		.help	= "Low water mark for queuing depth",
1855 		.parent	= "iodepth",
1856 		.hide	= 1,
1857 		.interval = 1,
1858 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1859 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1860 	},
1861 	{
1862 		.name	= "io_submit_mode",
1863 		.lname	= "IO submit mode",
1864 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR,
1865 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, io_submit_mode),
1866 		.help	= "How IO submissions and completions are done",
1867 		.def	= "inline",
1868 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1869 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1870 		.posval = {
1871 			  { .ival = "inline",
1872 			    .oval = IO_MODE_INLINE,
1873 			    .help = "Submit and complete IO inline",
1874 			  },
1875 			  { .ival = "offload",
1876 			    .oval = IO_MODE_OFFLOAD,
1877 			    .help = "Offload submit and complete to threads",
1878 			  },
1879 		},
1880 	},
1881 	{
1882 		.name	= "size",
1883 		.lname	= "Size",
1884 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1885 		.cb	= str_size_cb,
1886 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, size),
1887 		.help	= "Total size of device or files",
1888 		.interval = 1024 * 1024,
1889 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1890 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1891 	},
1892 	{
1893 		.name	= "io_size",
1894 		.alias	= "io_limit",
1895 		.lname	= "IO Size",
1896 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1897 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, io_size),
1898 		.help	= "Total size of I/O to be performed",
1899 		.interval = 1024 * 1024,
1900 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1901 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1902 	},
1903 	{
1904 		.name	= "fill_device",
1905 		.lname	= "Fill device",
1906 		.alias	= "fill_fs",
1907 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1908 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, fill_device),
1909 		.help	= "Write until an ENOSPC error occurs",
1910 		.def	= "0",
1911 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1912 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1913 	},
1914 	{
1915 		.name	= "filesize",
1916 		.lname	= "File size",
1917 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1918 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, file_size_low),
1919 		.off2	= offsetof(struct thread_options, file_size_high),
1920 		.minval = 1,
1921 		.help	= "Size of individual files",
1922 		.interval = 1024 * 1024,
1923 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1924 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1925 	},
1926 	{
1927 		.name	= "file_append",
1928 		.lname	= "File append",
1929 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1930 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, file_append),
1931 		.help	= "IO will start at the end of the file(s)",
1932 		.def	= "0",
1933 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1934 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1935 	},
1936 	{
1937 		.name	= "offset",
1938 		.lname	= "IO offset",
1939 		.alias	= "fileoffset",
1940 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1941 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, start_offset),
1942 		.help	= "Start IO from this offset",
1943 		.def	= "0",
1944 		.interval = 1024 * 1024,
1945 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1946 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1947 	},
1948 	{
1949 		.name	= "offset_increment",
1950 		.lname	= "IO offset increment",
1951 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1952 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, offset_increment),
1953 		.help	= "What is the increment from one offset to the next",
1954 		.parent = "offset",
1955 		.hide	= 1,
1956 		.def	= "0",
1957 		.interval = 1024 * 1024,
1958 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1959 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1960 	},
1961 	{
1962 		.name	= "number_ios",
1963 		.lname	= "Number of IOs to perform",
1964 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1965 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, number_ios),
1966 		.help	= "Force job completion after this number of IOs",
1967 		.def	= "0",
1968 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1969 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1970 	},
1971 	{
1972 		.name	= "bs",
1973 		.lname	= "Block size",
1974 		.alias	= "blocksize",
1975 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
1976 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, bs[DDIR_READ]),
1977 		.off2	= offsetof(struct thread_options, bs[DDIR_WRITE]),
1978 		.off3	= offsetof(struct thread_options, bs[DDIR_TRIM]),
1979 		.minval = 1,
1980 		.help	= "Block size unit",
1981 		.def	= "4096",
1982 		.parent = "rw",
1983 		.hide	= 1,
1984 		.interval = 512,
1985 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1986 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1987 	},
1988 	{
1989 		.name	= "ba",
1990 		.lname	= "Block size align",
1991 		.alias	= "blockalign",
1992 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
1993 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, ba[DDIR_READ]),
1994 		.off2	= offsetof(struct thread_options, ba[DDIR_WRITE]),
1995 		.off3	= offsetof(struct thread_options, ba[DDIR_TRIM]),
1996 		.minval	= 1,
1997 		.help	= "IO block offset alignment",
1998 		.parent	= "rw",
1999 		.hide	= 1,
2000 		.interval = 512,
2001 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2002 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2003 	},
2004 	{
2005 		.name	= "bsrange",
2006 		.lname	= "Block size range",
2007 		.alias	= "blocksize_range",
2008 		.type	= FIO_OPT_RANGE,
2009 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, min_bs[DDIR_READ]),
2010 		.off2	= offsetof(struct thread_options, max_bs[DDIR_READ]),
2011 		.off3	= offsetof(struct thread_options, min_bs[DDIR_WRITE]),
2012 		.off4	= offsetof(struct thread_options, max_bs[DDIR_WRITE]),
2013 		.off5	= offsetof(struct thread_options, min_bs[DDIR_TRIM]),
2014 		.off6	= offsetof(struct thread_options, max_bs[DDIR_TRIM]),
2015 		.minval = 1,
2016 		.help	= "Set block size range (in more detail than bs)",
2017 		.parent = "rw",
2018 		.hide	= 1,
2019 		.interval = 4096,
2020 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2021 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2022 	},
2023 	{
2024 		.name	= "bssplit",
2025 		.lname	= "Block size split",
2026 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR,
2027 		.cb	= str_bssplit_cb,
2028 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, bssplit),
2029 		.help	= "Set a specific mix of block sizes",
2030 		.parent	= "rw",
2031 		.hide	= 1,
2032 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2033 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2034 	},
2035 	{
2036 		.name	= "bs_unaligned",
2037 		.lname	= "Block size unaligned",
2038 		.alias	= "blocksize_unaligned",
2039 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2040 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, bs_unaligned),
2041 		.help	= "Don't sector align IO buffer sizes",
2042 		.parent = "rw",
2043 		.hide	= 1,
2044 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2045 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2046 	},
2047 	{
2048 		.name	= "bs_is_seq_rand",
2049 		.lname	= "Block size division is seq/random (not read/write)",
2050 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2051 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, bs_is_seq_rand),
2052 		.help	= "Consider any blocksize setting to be sequential,random",
2053 		.def	= "0",
2054 		.parent = "blocksize",
2055 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2056 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2057 	},
2058 	{
2059 		.name	= "randrepeat",
2060 		.lname	= "Random repeatable",
2061 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2062 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, rand_repeatable),
2063 		.help	= "Use repeatable random IO pattern",
2064 		.def	= "1",
2065 		.parent = "rw",
2066 		.hide	= 1,
2067 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2068 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
2069 	},
2070 	{
2071 		.name	= "randseed",
2072 		.lname	= "The random generator seed",
2073 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2074 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, rand_seed),
2075 		.help	= "Set the random generator seed value",
2076 		.def	= "0x89",
2077 		.parent = "rw",
2078 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2079 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
2080 	},
2081 	{
2082 		.name	= "use_os_rand",
2083 		.lname	= "Use OS random",
2084 		.type	= FIO_OPT_DEPRECATED,
2085 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, dep_use_os_rand),
2086 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2087 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
2088 	},
2089 	{
2090 		.name	= "norandommap",
2091 		.lname	= "No randommap",
2092 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2093 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, norandommap),
2094 		.help	= "Accept potential duplicate random blocks",
2095 		.parent = "rw",
2096 		.hide	= 1,
2097 		.hide_on_set = 1,
2098 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2099 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
2100 	},
2101 	{
2102 		.name	= "softrandommap",
2103 		.lname	= "Soft randommap",
2104 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2105 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, softrandommap),
2106 		.help	= "Set norandommap if randommap allocation fails",
2107 		.parent	= "norandommap",
2108 		.hide	= 1,
2109 		.def	= "0",
2110 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2111 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
2112 	},
2113 	{
2114 		.name	= "random_generator",
2115 		.lname	= "Random Generator",
2116 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR,
2117 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, random_generator),
2118 		.help	= "Type of random number generator to use",
2119 		.def	= "tausworthe",
2120 		.posval	= {
2121 			  { .ival = "tausworthe",
2122 			    .oval = FIO_RAND_GEN_TAUSWORTHE,
2123 			    .help = "Strong Tausworthe generator",
2124 			  },
2125 			  { .ival = "lfsr",
2126 			    .oval = FIO_RAND_GEN_LFSR,
2127 			    .help = "Variable length LFSR",
2128 			  },
2129 			  {
2130 			    .ival = "tausworthe64",
2131 			    .oval = FIO_RAND_GEN_TAUSWORTHE64,
2132 			    .help = "64-bit Tausworthe variant",
2133 			  },
2134 		},
2135 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2136 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
2137 	},
2138 	{
2139 		.name	= "random_distribution",
2140 		.lname	= "Random Distribution",
2141 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR,
2142 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, random_distribution),
2143 		.cb	= str_random_distribution_cb,
2144 		.help	= "Random offset distribution generator",
2145 		.def	= "random",
2146 		.posval	= {
2147 			  { .ival = "random",
2148 			    .oval = FIO_RAND_DIST_RANDOM,
2149 			    .help = "Completely random",
2150 			  },
2151 			  { .ival = "zipf",
2152 			    .oval = FIO_RAND_DIST_ZIPF,
2153 			    .help = "Zipf distribution",
2154 			  },
2155 			  { .ival = "pareto",
2156 			    .oval = FIO_RAND_DIST_PARETO,
2157 			    .help = "Pareto distribution",
2158 			  },
2159 			  { .ival = "normal",
2160 			    .oval = FIO_RAND_DIST_GAUSS,
2161 			    .help = "Normal (Gaussian) distribution",
2162 			  },
2163 			  { .ival = "zoned",
2164 			    .oval = FIO_RAND_DIST_ZONED,
2165 			    .help = "Zoned random distribution",
2166 			  },
2167 
2168 		},
2169 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2170 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
2171 	},
2172 	{
2173 		.name	= "percentage_random",
2174 		.lname	= "Percentage Random",
2175 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
2176 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, perc_rand[DDIR_READ]),
2177 		.off2	= offsetof(struct thread_options, perc_rand[DDIR_WRITE]),
2178 		.off3	= offsetof(struct thread_options, perc_rand[DDIR_TRIM]),
2179 		.maxval	= 100,
2180 		.help	= "Percentage of seq/random mix that should be random",
2181 		.def	= "100,100,100",
2182 		.interval = 5,
2183 		.inverse = "percentage_sequential",
2184 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2185 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
2186 	},
2187 	{
2188 		.name	= "percentage_sequential",
2189 		.lname	= "Percentage Sequential",
2190 		.type	= FIO_OPT_DEPRECATED,
2191 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2192 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
2193 	},
2194 	{
2195 		.name	= "allrandrepeat",
2196 		.lname	= "All Random Repeat",
2197 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2198 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, allrand_repeatable),
2199 		.help	= "Use repeatable random numbers for everything",
2200 		.def	= "0",
2201 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2202 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
2203 	},
2204 	{
2205 		.name	= "nrfiles",
2206 		.lname	= "Number of files",
2207 		.alias	= "nr_files",
2208 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
2209 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, nr_files),
2210 		.help	= "Split job workload between this number of files",
2211 		.def	= "1",
2212 		.interval = 1,
2213 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2214 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2215 	},
2216 	{
2217 		.name	= "openfiles",
2218 		.lname	= "Number of open files",
2219 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
2220 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, open_files),
2221 		.help	= "Number of files to keep open at the same time",
2222 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2223 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2224 	},
2225 	{
2226 		.name	= "file_service_type",
2227 		.lname	= "File service type",
2228 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR,
2229 		.cb	= str_fst_cb,
2230 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, file_service_type),
2231 		.help	= "How to select which file to service next",
2232 		.def	= "roundrobin",
2233 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2234 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2235 		.posval	= {
2236 			  { .ival = "random",
2237 			    .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_RANDOM,
2238 			    .help = "Choose a file at random (uniform)",
2239 			  },
2240 			  { .ival = "zipf",
2241 			    .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_ZIPF,
2242 			    .help = "Zipf randomized",
2243 			  },
2244 			  { .ival = "pareto",
2245 			    .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_PARETO,
2246 			    .help = "Pareto randomized",
2247 			  },
2248 			  { .ival = "gauss",
2249 			    .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_GAUSS,
2250 			    .help = "Normal (Gaussian) distribution",
2251 			  },
2252 			  { .ival = "roundrobin",
2253 			    .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_RR,
2254 			    .help = "Round robin select files",
2255 			  },
2256 			  { .ival = "sequential",
2257 			    .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_SEQ,
2258 			    .help = "Finish one file before moving to the next",
2259 			  },
2260 		},
2261 		.parent = "nrfiles",
2262 		.hide	= 1,
2263 	},
2264 #ifdef CONFIG_POSIX_FALLOCATE
2265 	{
2266 		.name	= "fallocate",
2267 		.lname	= "Fallocate",
2268 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR,
2269 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, fallocate_mode),
2270 		.help	= "Whether pre-allocation is performed when laying out files",
2271 		.def	= "posix",
2272 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2273 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2274 		.posval	= {
2275 			  { .ival = "none",
2276 			    .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_NONE,
2277 			    .help = "Do not pre-allocate space",
2278 			  },
2279 			  { .ival = "posix",
2280 			    .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_POSIX,
2281 			    .help = "Use posix_fallocate()",
2282 			  },
2283 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_FALLOCATE
2284 			  { .ival = "keep",
2285 			    .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_KEEP_SIZE,
2286 			    .help = "Use fallocate(..., FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE, ...)",
2287 			  },
2288 #endif
2289 			  /* Compatibility with former boolean values */
2290 			  { .ival = "0",
2291 			    .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_NONE,
2292 			    .help = "Alias for 'none'",
2293 			  },
2294 			  { .ival = "1",
2295 			    .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_POSIX,
2296 			    .help = "Alias for 'posix'",
2297 			  },
2298 		},
2299 	},
2300 #else	/* CONFIG_POSIX_FALLOCATE */
2301 	{
2302 		.name	= "fallocate",
2303 		.lname	= "Fallocate",
2304 		.type	= FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
2305 		.help	= "Your platform does not support fallocate",
2306 	},
2307 #endif /* CONFIG_POSIX_FALLOCATE */
2308 	{
2309 		.name	= "fadvise_hint",
2310 		.lname	= "Fadvise hint",
2311 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR,
2312 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, fadvise_hint),
2313 		.posval	= {
2314 			  { .ival = "0",
2315 			    .oval = F_ADV_NONE,
2316 			    .help = "Don't issue fadvise",
2317 			  },
2318 			  { .ival = "1",
2319 			    .oval = F_ADV_TYPE,
2320 			    .help = "Advise using fio IO pattern",
2321 			  },
2322 			  { .ival = "random",
2323 			    .oval = F_ADV_RANDOM,
2324 			    .help = "Advise using FADV_RANDOM",
2325 			  },
2326 			  { .ival = "sequential",
2327 			    .oval = F_ADV_SEQUENTIAL,
2328 			    .help = "Advise using FADV_SEQUENTIAL",
2329 			  },
2330 		},
2331 		.help	= "Use fadvise() to advise the kernel on IO pattern",
2332 		.def	= "1",
2333 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2334 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2335 	},
2336 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_STREAMID
2337 	{
2338 		.name	= "fadvise_stream",
2339 		.lname	= "Fadvise stream",
2340 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
2341 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, fadvise_stream),
2342 		.help	= "Use fadvise() to set stream ID",
2343 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2344 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2345 	},
2346 #else
2347 	{
2348 		.name	= "fadvise_stream",
2349 		.lname	= "Fadvise stream",
2350 		.type	= FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
2351 		.help	= "Your platform does not support fadvise stream ID",
2352 	},
2353 #endif
2354 	{
2355 		.name	= "fsync",
2356 		.lname	= "Fsync",
2357 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
2358 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, fsync_blocks),
2359 		.help	= "Issue fsync for writes every given number of blocks",
2360 		.def	= "0",
2361 		.interval = 1,
2362 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2363 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2364 	},
2365 	{
2366 		.name	= "fdatasync",
2367 		.lname	= "Fdatasync",
2368 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
2369 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, fdatasync_blocks),
2370 		.help	= "Issue fdatasync for writes every given number of blocks",
2371 		.def	= "0",
2372 		.interval = 1,
2373 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2374 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2375 	},
2376 	{
2377 		.name	= "write_barrier",
2378 		.lname	= "Write barrier",
2379 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
2380 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, barrier_blocks),
2381 		.help	= "Make every Nth write a barrier write",
2382 		.def	= "0",
2383 		.interval = 1,
2384 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2385 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2386 	},
2387 #ifdef CONFIG_SYNC_FILE_RANGE
2388 	{
2389 		.name	= "sync_file_range",
2390 		.lname	= "Sync file range",
2391 		.posval	= {
2392 			  { .ival = "wait_before",
2393 			    .oval = SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE,
2394 			    .help = "SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE",
2395 			    .orval  = 1,
2396 			  },
2397 			  { .ival = "write",
2398 			    .oval = SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE,
2399 			    .help = "SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE",
2400 			    .orval  = 1,
2401 			  },
2402 			  {
2403 			    .ival = "wait_after",
2404 			    .oval = SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_AFTER,
2405 			    .help = "SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_AFTER",
2406 			    .orval  = 1,
2407 			  },
2408 		},
2409 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR_MULTI,
2410 		.cb	= str_sfr_cb,
2411 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, sync_file_range),
2412 		.help	= "Use sync_file_range()",
2413 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2414 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2415 	},
2416 #else
2417 	{
2418 		.name	= "sync_file_range",
2419 		.lname	= "Sync file range",
2420 		.type	= FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
2421 		.help	= "Your platform does not support sync_file_range",
2422 	},
2423 #endif
2424 	{
2425 		.name	= "direct",
2426 		.lname	= "Direct I/O",
2427 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2428 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, odirect),
2429 		.help	= "Use O_DIRECT IO (negates buffered)",
2430 		.def	= "0",
2431 		.inverse = "buffered",
2432 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2433 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
2434 	},
2435 	{
2436 		.name	= "atomic",
2437 		.lname	= "Atomic I/O",
2438 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2439 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, oatomic),
2440 		.help	= "Use Atomic IO with O_DIRECT (implies O_DIRECT)",
2441 		.def	= "0",
2442 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2443 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
2444 	},
2445 	{
2446 		.name	= "buffered",
2447 		.lname	= "Buffered I/O",
2448 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2449 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, odirect),
2450 		.neg	= 1,
2451 		.help	= "Use buffered IO (negates direct)",
2452 		.def	= "1",
2453 		.inverse = "direct",
2454 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2455 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
2456 	},
2457 	{
2458 		.name	= "overwrite",
2459 		.lname	= "Overwrite",
2460 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2461 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, overwrite),
2462 		.help	= "When writing, set whether to overwrite current data",
2463 		.def	= "0",
2464 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2465 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2466 	},
2467 	{
2468 		.name	= "loops",
2469 		.lname	= "Loops",
2470 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
2471 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, loops),
2472 		.help	= "Number of times to run the job",
2473 		.def	= "1",
2474 		.interval = 1,
2475 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2476 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
2477 	},
2478 	{
2479 		.name	= "numjobs",
2480 		.lname	= "Number of jobs",
2481 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
2482 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, numjobs),
2483 		.help	= "Duplicate this job this many times",
2484 		.def	= "1",
2485 		.interval = 1,
2486 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2487 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
2488 	},
2489 	{
2490 		.name	= "startdelay",
2491 		.lname	= "Start delay",
2492 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
2493 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, start_delay),
2494 		.off2	= offsetof(struct thread_options, start_delay_high),
2495 		.help	= "Only start job when this period has passed",
2496 		.def	= "0",
2497 		.is_seconds = 1,
2498 		.is_time = 1,
2499 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2500 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
2501 	},
2502 	{
2503 		.name	= "runtime",
2504 		.lname	= "Runtime",
2505 		.alias	= "timeout",
2506 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
2507 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, timeout),
2508 		.help	= "Stop workload when this amount of time has passed",
2509 		.def	= "0",
2510 		.is_seconds = 1,
2511 		.is_time = 1,
2512 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2513 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
2514 	},
2515 	{
2516 		.name	= "time_based",
2517 		.lname	= "Time based",
2518 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2519 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, time_based),
2520 		.help	= "Keep running until runtime/timeout is met",
2521 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2522 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
2523 	},
2524 	{
2525 		.name	= "verify_only",
2526 		.lname	= "Verify only",
2527 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2528 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, verify_only),
2529 		.help	= "Verifies previously written data is still valid",
2530 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2531 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
2532 	},
2533 	{
2534 		.name	= "ramp_time",
2535 		.lname	= "Ramp time",
2536 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
2537 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, ramp_time),
2538 		.help	= "Ramp up time before measuring performance",
2539 		.is_seconds = 1,
2540 		.is_time = 1,
2541 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2542 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
2543 	},
2544 	{
2545 		.name	= "clocksource",
2546 		.lname	= "Clock source",
2547 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR,
2548 		.cb	= fio_clock_source_cb,
2549 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, clocksource),
2550 		.help	= "What type of timing source to use",
2551 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2552 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_CLOCK,
2553 		.posval	= {
2554 #ifdef CONFIG_GETTIMEOFDAY
2555 			  { .ival = "gettimeofday",
2556 			    .oval = CS_GTOD,
2557 			    .help = "Use gettimeofday(2) for timing",
2558 			  },
2559 #endif
2560 #ifdef CONFIG_CLOCK_GETTIME
2561 			  { .ival = "clock_gettime",
2562 			    .oval = CS_CGETTIME,
2563 			    .help = "Use clock_gettime(2) for timing",
2564 			  },
2565 #endif
2566 #ifdef ARCH_HAVE_CPU_CLOCK
2567 			  { .ival = "cpu",
2568 			    .oval = CS_CPUCLOCK,
2569 			    .help = "Use CPU private clock",
2570 			  },
2571 #endif
2572 		},
2573 	},
2574 	{
2575 		.name	= "mem",
2576 		.alias	= "iomem",
2577 		.lname	= "I/O Memory",
2578 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR,
2579 		.cb	= str_mem_cb,
2580 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, mem_type),
2581 		.help	= "Backing type for IO buffers",
2582 		.def	= "malloc",
2583 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2584 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2585 		.posval	= {
2586 			  { .ival = "malloc",
2587 			    .oval = MEM_MALLOC,
2588 			    .help = "Use malloc(3) for IO buffers",
2589 			  },
2590 #ifndef CONFIG_NO_SHM
2591 			  { .ival = "shm",
2592 			    .oval = MEM_SHM,
2593 			    .help = "Use shared memory segments for IO buffers",
2594 			  },
2595 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_HUGETLB
2596 			  { .ival = "shmhuge",
2597 			    .oval = MEM_SHMHUGE,
2598 			    .help = "Like shm, but use huge pages",
2599 			  },
2600 #endif
2601 #endif
2602 			  { .ival = "mmap",
2603 			    .oval = MEM_MMAP,
2604 			    .help = "Use mmap(2) (file or anon) for IO buffers",
2605 			  },
2606 			  { .ival = "mmapshared",
2607 			    .oval = MEM_MMAPSHARED,
2608 			    .help = "Like mmap, but use the shared flag",
2609 			  },
2610 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_HUGETLB
2611 			  { .ival = "mmaphuge",
2612 			    .oval = MEM_MMAPHUGE,
2613 			    .help = "Like mmap, but use huge pages",
2614 			  },
2615 #endif
2616 #ifdef CONFIG_CUDA
2617 			  { .ival = "cudamalloc",
2618 			    .oval = MEM_CUDA_MALLOC,
2619 			    .help = "Allocate GPU device memory for GPUDirect RDMA",
2620 			  },
2621 #endif
2622 		  },
2623 	},
2624 	{
2625 		.name	= "iomem_align",
2626 		.alias	= "mem_align",
2627 		.lname	= "I/O memory alignment",
2628 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
2629 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, mem_align),
2630 		.minval	= 0,
2631 		.help	= "IO memory buffer offset alignment",
2632 		.def	= "0",
2633 		.parent	= "iomem",
2634 		.hide	= 1,
2635 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2636 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2637 	},
2638 	{
2639 		.name	= "verify",
2640 		.lname	= "Verify",
2641 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR,
2642 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, verify),
2643 		.help	= "Verify data written",
2644 		.def	= "0",
2645 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2646 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2647 		.posval = {
2648 			  { .ival = "0",
2649 			    .oval = VERIFY_NONE,
2650 			    .help = "Don't do IO verification",
2651 			  },
2652 			  { .ival = "md5",
2653 			    .oval = VERIFY_MD5,
2654 			    .help = "Use md5 checksums for verification",
2655 			  },
2656 			  { .ival = "crc64",
2657 			    .oval = VERIFY_CRC64,
2658 			    .help = "Use crc64 checksums for verification",
2659 			  },
2660 			  { .ival = "crc32",
2661 			    .oval = VERIFY_CRC32,
2662 			    .help = "Use crc32 checksums for verification",
2663 			  },
2664 			  { .ival = "crc32c-intel",
2665 			    .oval = VERIFY_CRC32C,
2666 			    .help = "Use crc32c checksums for verification (hw assisted, if available)",
2667 			  },
2668 			  { .ival = "crc32c",
2669 			    .oval = VERIFY_CRC32C,
2670 			    .help = "Use crc32c checksums for verification (hw assisted, if available)",
2671 			  },
2672 			  { .ival = "crc16",
2673 			    .oval = VERIFY_CRC16,
2674 			    .help = "Use crc16 checksums for verification",
2675 			  },
2676 			  { .ival = "crc7",
2677 			    .oval = VERIFY_CRC7,
2678 			    .help = "Use crc7 checksums for verification",
2679 			  },
2680 			  { .ival = "sha1",
2681 			    .oval = VERIFY_SHA1,
2682 			    .help = "Use sha1 checksums for verification",
2683 			  },
2684 			  { .ival = "sha256",
2685 			    .oval = VERIFY_SHA256,
2686 			    .help = "Use sha256 checksums for verification",
2687 			  },
2688 			  { .ival = "sha512",
2689 			    .oval = VERIFY_SHA512,
2690 			    .help = "Use sha512 checksums for verification",
2691 			  },
2692 			  { .ival = "sha3-224",
2693 			    .oval = VERIFY_SHA3_224,
2694 			    .help = "Use sha3-224 checksums for verification",
2695 			  },
2696 			  { .ival = "sha3-256",
2697 			    .oval = VERIFY_SHA3_256,
2698 			    .help = "Use sha3-256 checksums for verification",
2699 			  },
2700 			  { .ival = "sha3-384",
2701 			    .oval = VERIFY_SHA3_384,
2702 			    .help = "Use sha3-384 checksums for verification",
2703 			  },
2704 			  { .ival = "sha3-512",
2705 			    .oval = VERIFY_SHA3_512,
2706 			    .help = "Use sha3-512 checksums for verification",
2707 			  },
2708 			  { .ival = "xxhash",
2709 			    .oval = VERIFY_XXHASH,
2710 			    .help = "Use xxhash checksums for verification",
2711 			  },
2712 			  /* Meta information was included into verify_header,
2713 			   * 'meta' verification is implied by default. */
2714 			  { .ival = "meta",
2715 			    .oval = VERIFY_HDR_ONLY,
2716 			    .help = "Use io information for verification. "
2717 				    "Now is implied by default, thus option is obsolete, "
2718 				    "don't use it",
2719 			  },
2720 			  { .ival = "pattern",
2721 			    .oval = VERIFY_PATTERN_NO_HDR,
2722 			    .help = "Verify strict pattern",
2723 			  },
2724 			  {
2725 			    .ival = "null",
2726 			    .oval = VERIFY_NULL,
2727 			    .help = "Pretend to verify",
2728 			  },
2729 		},
2730 	},
2731 	{
2732 		.name	= "do_verify",
2733 		.lname	= "Perform verify step",
2734 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2735 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, do_verify),
2736 		.help	= "Run verification stage after write",
2737 		.def	= "1",
2738 		.parent = "verify",
2739 		.hide	= 1,
2740 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2741 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2742 	},
2743 	{
2744 		.name	= "verifysort",
2745 		.lname	= "Verify sort",
2746 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2747 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, verifysort),
2748 		.help	= "Sort written verify blocks for read back",
2749 		.def	= "1",
2750 		.parent = "verify",
2751 		.hide	= 1,
2752 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2753 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2754 	},
2755 	{
2756 		.name	= "verifysort_nr",
2757 		.lname	= "Verify Sort Nr",
2758 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
2759 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, verifysort_nr),
2760 		.help	= "Pre-load and sort verify blocks for a read workload",
2761 		.minval	= 0,
2762 		.maxval	= 131072,
2763 		.def	= "1024",
2764 		.parent = "verify",
2765 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2766 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2767 	},
2768 	{
2769 		.name   = "verify_interval",
2770 		.lname	= "Verify interval",
2771 		.type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2772 		.off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, verify_interval),
2773 		.minval	= 2 * sizeof(struct verify_header),
2774 		.help   = "Store verify buffer header every N bytes",
2775 		.parent	= "verify",
2776 		.hide	= 1,
2777 		.interval = 2 * sizeof(struct verify_header),
2778 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2779 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2780 	},
2781 	{
2782 		.name	= "verify_offset",
2783 		.lname	= "Verify offset",
2784 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
2785 		.help	= "Offset verify header location by N bytes",
2786 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, verify_offset),
2787 		.minval	= sizeof(struct verify_header),
2788 		.parent	= "verify",
2789 		.hide	= 1,
2790 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2791 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2792 	},
2793 	{
2794 		.name	= "verify_pattern",
2795 		.lname	= "Verify pattern",
2796 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR,
2797 		.cb	= str_verify_pattern_cb,
2798 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, verify_pattern),
2799 		.help	= "Fill pattern for IO buffers",
2800 		.parent	= "verify",
2801 		.hide	= 1,
2802 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2803 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2804 	},
2805 	{
2806 		.name	= "verify_fatal",
2807 		.lname	= "Verify fatal",
2808 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2809 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, verify_fatal),
2810 		.def	= "0",
2811 		.help	= "Exit on a single verify failure, don't continue",
2812 		.parent = "verify",
2813 		.hide	= 1,
2814 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2815 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2816 	},
2817 	{
2818 		.name	= "verify_dump",
2819 		.lname	= "Verify dump",
2820 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2821 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, verify_dump),
2822 		.def	= "0",
2823 		.help	= "Dump contents of good and bad blocks on failure",
2824 		.parent = "verify",
2825 		.hide	= 1,
2826 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2827 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2828 	},
2829 	{
2830 		.name	= "verify_async",
2831 		.lname	= "Verify asynchronously",
2832 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
2833 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, verify_async),
2834 		.def	= "0",
2835 		.help	= "Number of async verifier threads to use",
2836 		.parent	= "verify",
2837 		.hide	= 1,
2838 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2839 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2840 	},
2841 	{
2842 		.name	= "verify_backlog",
2843 		.lname	= "Verify backlog",
2844 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2845 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, verify_backlog),
2846 		.help	= "Verify after this number of blocks are written",
2847 		.parent	= "verify",
2848 		.hide	= 1,
2849 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2850 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2851 	},
2852 	{
2853 		.name	= "verify_backlog_batch",
2854 		.lname	= "Verify backlog batch",
2855 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
2856 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, verify_batch),
2857 		.help	= "Verify this number of IO blocks",
2858 		.parent	= "verify",
2859 		.hide	= 1,
2860 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2861 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2862 	},
2863 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
2864 	{
2865 		.name	= "verify_async_cpus",
2866 		.lname	= "Async verify CPUs",
2867 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR,
2868 		.cb	= str_verify_cpus_allowed_cb,
2869 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, verify_cpumask),
2870 		.help	= "Set CPUs allowed for async verify threads",
2871 		.parent	= "verify_async",
2872 		.hide	= 1,
2873 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2874 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2875 	},
2876 #else
2877 	{
2878 		.name	= "verify_async_cpus",
2879 		.lname	= "Async verify CPUs",
2880 		.type	= FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
2881 		.help	= "Your platform does not support CPU affinities",
2882 	},
2883 #endif
2884 	{
2885 		.name	= "experimental_verify",
2886 		.lname	= "Experimental Verify",
2887 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, experimental_verify),
2888 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2889 		.help	= "Enable experimental verification",
2890 		.parent	= "verify",
2891 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2892 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2893 	},
2894 	{
2895 		.name	= "verify_state_load",
2896 		.lname	= "Load verify state",
2897 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, verify_state),
2898 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2899 		.help	= "Load verify termination state",
2900 		.parent	= "verify",
2901 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2902 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2903 	},
2904 	{
2905 		.name	= "verify_state_save",
2906 		.lname	= "Save verify state",
2907 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, verify_state_save),
2908 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2909 		.def	= "1",
2910 		.help	= "Save verify state on termination",
2911 		.parent	= "verify",
2912 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2913 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2914 	},
2915 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_TRIM
2916 	{
2917 		.name	= "trim_percentage",
2918 		.lname	= "Trim percentage",
2919 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
2920 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, trim_percentage),
2921 		.minval = 0,
2922 		.maxval = 100,
2923 		.help	= "Number of verify blocks to trim (i.e., discard)",
2924 		.parent	= "verify",
2925 		.def	= "0",
2926 		.interval = 1,
2927 		.hide	= 1,
2928 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2929 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
2930 	},
2931 	{
2932 		.name	= "trim_verify_zero",
2933 		.lname	= "Verify trim zero",
2934 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2935 		.help	= "Verify that trimmed (i.e., discarded) blocks are returned as zeroes",
2936 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, trim_zero),
2937 		.parent	= "trim_percentage",
2938 		.hide	= 1,
2939 		.def	= "1",
2940 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2941 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
2942 	},
2943 	{
2944 		.name	= "trim_backlog",
2945 		.lname	= "Trim backlog",
2946 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2947 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, trim_backlog),
2948 		.help	= "Trim after this number of blocks are written",
2949 		.parent	= "trim_percentage",
2950 		.hide	= 1,
2951 		.interval = 1,
2952 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2953 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
2954 	},
2955 	{
2956 		.name	= "trim_backlog_batch",
2957 		.lname	= "Trim backlog batch",
2958 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
2959 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, trim_batch),
2960 		.help	= "Trim this number of IO blocks",
2961 		.parent	= "trim_percentage",
2962 		.hide	= 1,
2963 		.interval = 1,
2964 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2965 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
2966 	},
2967 #else
2968 	{
2969 		.name	= "trim_percentage",
2970 		.lname	= "Trim percentage",
2971 		.type	= FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
2972 		.help	= "Fio does not support TRIM on your platform",
2973 	},
2974 	{
2975 		.name	= "trim_verify_zero",
2976 		.lname	= "Verify trim zero",
2977 		.type	= FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
2978 		.help	= "Fio does not support TRIM on your platform",
2979 	},
2980 	{
2981 		.name	= "trim_backlog",
2982 		.lname	= "Trim backlog",
2983 		.type	= FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
2984 		.help	= "Fio does not support TRIM on your platform",
2985 	},
2986 	{
2987 		.name	= "trim_backlog_batch",
2988 		.lname	= "Trim backlog batch",
2989 		.type	= FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
2990 		.help	= "Fio does not support TRIM on your platform",
2991 	},
2992 #endif
2993 	{
2994 		.name	= "write_iolog",
2995 		.lname	= "Write I/O log",
2996 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2997 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, write_iolog_file),
2998 		.help	= "Store IO pattern to file",
2999 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3000 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
3001 	},
3002 	{
3003 		.name	= "read_iolog",
3004 		.lname	= "Read I/O log",
3005 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
3006 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, read_iolog_file),
3007 		.help	= "Playback IO pattern from file",
3008 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3009 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
3010 	},
3011 	{
3012 		.name	= "replay_no_stall",
3013 		.lname	= "Don't stall on replay",
3014 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3015 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, no_stall),
3016 		.def	= "0",
3017 		.parent	= "read_iolog",
3018 		.hide	= 1,
3019 		.help	= "Playback IO pattern file as fast as possible without stalls",
3020 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3021 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
3022 	},
3023 	{
3024 		.name	= "replay_redirect",
3025 		.lname	= "Redirect device for replay",
3026 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
3027 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, replay_redirect),
3028 		.parent	= "read_iolog",
3029 		.hide	= 1,
3030 		.help	= "Replay all I/O onto this device, regardless of trace device",
3031 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3032 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
3033 	},
3034 	{
3035 		.name	= "replay_scale",
3036 		.lname	= "Replace offset scale factor",
3037 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
3038 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, replay_scale),
3039 		.parent	= "read_iolog",
3040 		.def	= "1",
3041 		.help	= "Align offsets to this blocksize",
3042 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3043 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
3044 	},
3045 	{
3046 		.name	= "replay_align",
3047 		.lname	= "Replace alignment",
3048 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
3049 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, replay_align),
3050 		.parent	= "read_iolog",
3051 		.help	= "Scale offset down by this factor",
3052 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3053 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
3054 		.pow2	= 1,
3055 	},
3056 	{
3057 		.name	= "exec_prerun",
3058 		.lname	= "Pre-execute runnable",
3059 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
3060 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, exec_prerun),
3061 		.help	= "Execute this file prior to running job",
3062 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3063 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3064 	},
3065 	{
3066 		.name	= "exec_postrun",
3067 		.lname	= "Post-execute runnable",
3068 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
3069 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, exec_postrun),
3070 		.help	= "Execute this file after running job",
3071 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3072 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3073 	},
3074 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_IOSCHED_SWITCH
3075 	{
3076 		.name	= "ioscheduler",
3077 		.lname	= "I/O scheduler",
3078 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
3079 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, ioscheduler),
3080 		.help	= "Use this IO scheduler on the backing device",
3081 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
3082 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3083 	},
3084 #else
3085 	{
3086 		.name	= "ioscheduler",
3087 		.lname	= "I/O scheduler",
3088 		.type	= FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
3089 		.help	= "Your platform does not support IO scheduler switching",
3090 	},
3091 #endif
3092 	{
3093 		.name	= "zonesize",
3094 		.lname	= "Zone size",
3095 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
3096 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, zone_size),
3097 		.help	= "Amount of data to read per zone",
3098 		.def	= "0",
3099 		.interval = 1024 * 1024,
3100 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3101 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_ZONE,
3102 	},
3103 	{
3104 		.name	= "zonerange",
3105 		.lname	= "Zone range",
3106 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
3107 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, zone_range),
3108 		.help	= "Give size of an IO zone",
3109 		.def	= "0",
3110 		.interval = 1024 * 1024,
3111 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3112 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_ZONE,
3113 	},
3114 	{
3115 		.name	= "zoneskip",
3116 		.lname	= "Zone skip",
3117 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
3118 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, zone_skip),
3119 		.help	= "Space between IO zones",
3120 		.def	= "0",
3121 		.interval = 1024 * 1024,
3122 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3123 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_ZONE,
3124 	},
3125 	{
3126 		.name	= "lockmem",
3127 		.lname	= "Lock memory",
3128 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
3129 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, lockmem),
3130 		.help	= "Lock down this amount of memory (per worker)",
3131 		.def	= "0",
3132 		.interval = 1024 * 1024,
3133 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3134 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3135 	},
3136 	{
3137 		.name	= "rwmixread",
3138 		.lname	= "Read/write mix read",
3139 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
3140 		.cb	= str_rwmix_read_cb,
3141 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, rwmix[DDIR_READ]),
3142 		.maxval	= 100,
3143 		.help	= "Percentage of mixed workload that is reads",
3144 		.def	= "50",
3145 		.interval = 5,
3146 		.inverse = "rwmixwrite",
3147 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3148 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_RWMIX,
3149 	},
3150 	{
3151 		.name	= "rwmixwrite",
3152 		.lname	= "Read/write mix write",
3153 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
3154 		.cb	= str_rwmix_write_cb,
3155 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, rwmix[DDIR_WRITE]),
3156 		.maxval	= 100,
3157 		.help	= "Percentage of mixed workload that is writes",
3158 		.def	= "50",
3159 		.interval = 5,
3160 		.inverse = "rwmixread",
3161 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3162 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_RWMIX,
3163 	},
3164 	{
3165 		.name	= "rwmixcycle",
3166 		.lname	= "Read/write mix cycle",
3167 		.type	= FIO_OPT_DEPRECATED,
3168 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3169 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_RWMIX,
3170 	},
3171 	{
3172 		.name	= "nice",
3173 		.lname	= "Nice",
3174 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
3175 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, nice),
3176 		.help	= "Set job CPU nice value",
3177 		.minval	= -19,
3178 		.maxval	= 20,
3179 		.def	= "0",
3180 		.interval = 1,
3181 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3182 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
3183 	},
3184 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_IOPRIO
3185 	{
3186 		.name	= "prio",
3187 		.lname	= "I/O nice priority",
3188 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
3189 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, ioprio),
3190 		.help	= "Set job IO priority value",
3191 		.minval	= IOPRIO_MIN_PRIO,
3192 		.maxval	= IOPRIO_MAX_PRIO,
3193 		.interval = 1,
3194 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3195 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
3196 	},
3197 #else
3198 	{
3199 		.name	= "prio",
3200 		.lname	= "I/O nice priority",
3201 		.type	= FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
3202 		.help	= "Your platform does not support IO priorities",
3203 	},
3204 #endif
3205 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_IOPRIO_CLASS
3206 #ifndef FIO_HAVE_IOPRIO
3207 #error "FIO_HAVE_IOPRIO_CLASS requires FIO_HAVE_IOPRIO"
3208 #endif
3209 	{
3210 		.name	= "prioclass",
3211 		.lname	= "I/O nice priority class",
3212 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
3213 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, ioprio_class),
3214 		.help	= "Set job IO priority class",
3215 		.minval	= IOPRIO_MIN_PRIO_CLASS,
3216 		.maxval	= IOPRIO_MAX_PRIO_CLASS,
3217 		.interval = 1,
3218 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3219 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
3220 	},
3221 #else
3222 	{
3223 		.name	= "prioclass",
3224 		.lname	= "I/O nice priority class",
3225 		.type	= FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
3226 		.help	= "Your platform does not support IO priority classes",
3227 	},
3228 #endif
3229 	{
3230 		.name	= "thinktime",
3231 		.lname	= "Thinktime",
3232 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
3233 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, thinktime),
3234 		.help	= "Idle time between IO buffers (usec)",
3235 		.def	= "0",
3236 		.is_time = 1,
3237 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3238 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_THINKTIME,
3239 	},
3240 	{
3241 		.name	= "thinktime_spin",
3242 		.lname	= "Thinktime spin",
3243 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
3244 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, thinktime_spin),
3245 		.help	= "Start think time by spinning this amount (usec)",
3246 		.def	= "0",
3247 		.is_time = 1,
3248 		.parent	= "thinktime",
3249 		.hide	= 1,
3250 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3251 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_THINKTIME,
3252 	},
3253 	{
3254 		.name	= "thinktime_blocks",
3255 		.lname	= "Thinktime blocks",
3256 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
3257 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, thinktime_blocks),
3258 		.help	= "IO buffer period between 'thinktime'",
3259 		.def	= "1",
3260 		.parent	= "thinktime",
3261 		.hide	= 1,
3262 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3263 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_THINKTIME,
3264 	},
3265 	{
3266 		.name	= "rate",
3267 		.lname	= "I/O rate",
3268 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
3269 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, rate[DDIR_READ]),
3270 		.off2	= offsetof(struct thread_options, rate[DDIR_WRITE]),
3271 		.off3	= offsetof(struct thread_options, rate[DDIR_TRIM]),
3272 		.help	= "Set bandwidth rate",
3273 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3274 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
3275 	},
3276 	{
3277 		.name	= "rate_min",
3278 		.alias	= "ratemin",
3279 		.lname	= "I/O min rate",
3280 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
3281 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, ratemin[DDIR_READ]),
3282 		.off2	= offsetof(struct thread_options, ratemin[DDIR_WRITE]),
3283 		.off3	= offsetof(struct thread_options, ratemin[DDIR_TRIM]),
3284 		.help	= "Job must meet this rate or it will be shutdown",
3285 		.parent	= "rate",
3286 		.hide	= 1,
3287 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3288 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
3289 	},
3290 	{
3291 		.name	= "rate_iops",
3292 		.lname	= "I/O rate IOPS",
3293 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
3294 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, rate_iops[DDIR_READ]),
3295 		.off2	= offsetof(struct thread_options, rate_iops[DDIR_WRITE]),
3296 		.off3	= offsetof(struct thread_options, rate_iops[DDIR_TRIM]),
3297 		.help	= "Limit IO used to this number of IO operations/sec",
3298 		.hide	= 1,
3299 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3300 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
3301 	},
3302 	{
3303 		.name	= "rate_iops_min",
3304 		.lname	= "I/O min rate IOPS",
3305 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
3306 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, rate_iops_min[DDIR_READ]),
3307 		.off2	= offsetof(struct thread_options, rate_iops_min[DDIR_WRITE]),
3308 		.off3	= offsetof(struct thread_options, rate_iops_min[DDIR_TRIM]),
3309 		.help	= "Job must meet this rate or it will be shut down",
3310 		.parent	= "rate_iops",
3311 		.hide	= 1,
3312 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3313 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
3314 	},
3315 	{
3316 		.name	= "rate_process",
3317 		.lname	= "Rate Process",
3318 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR,
3319 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, rate_process),
3320 		.help	= "What process controls how rated IO is managed",
3321 		.def	= "linear",
3322 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3323 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
3324 		.posval = {
3325 			  { .ival = "linear",
3326 			    .oval = RATE_PROCESS_LINEAR,
3327 			    .help = "Linear rate of IO",
3328 			  },
3329 			  {
3330 			    .ival = "poisson",
3331 			    .oval = RATE_PROCESS_POISSON,
3332 			    .help = "Rate follows Poisson process",
3333 			  },
3334 		},
3335 		.parent = "rate",
3336 	},
3337 	{
3338 		.name	= "rate_cycle",
3339 		.alias	= "ratecycle",
3340 		.lname	= "I/O rate cycle",
3341 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
3342 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, ratecycle),
3343 		.help	= "Window average for rate limits (msec)",
3344 		.def	= "1000",
3345 		.parent = "rate",
3346 		.hide	= 1,
3347 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3348 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
3349 	},
3350 	{
3351 		.name	= "max_latency",
3352 		.lname	= "Max Latency",
3353 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
3354 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, max_latency),
3355 		.help	= "Maximum tolerated IO latency (usec)",
3356 		.is_time = 1,
3357 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3358 		.group = FIO_OPT_G_LATPROF,
3359 	},
3360 	{
3361 		.name	= "latency_target",
3362 		.lname	= "Latency Target (usec)",
3363 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
3364 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, latency_target),
3365 		.help	= "Ramp to max queue depth supporting this latency",
3366 		.is_time = 1,
3367 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3368 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_LATPROF,
3369 	},
3370 	{
3371 		.name	= "latency_window",
3372 		.lname	= "Latency Window (usec)",
3373 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
3374 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, latency_window),
3375 		.help	= "Time to sustain latency_target",
3376 		.is_time = 1,
3377 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3378 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_LATPROF,
3379 	},
3380 	{
3381 		.name	= "latency_percentile",
3382 		.lname	= "Latency Percentile",
3383 		.type	= FIO_OPT_FLOAT_LIST,
3384 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, latency_percentile),
3385 		.help	= "Percentile of IOs must be below latency_target",
3386 		.def	= "100",
3387 		.maxlen	= 1,
3388 		.minfp	= 0.0,
3389 		.maxfp	= 100.0,
3390 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3391 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_LATPROF,
3392 	},
3393 	{
3394 		.name	= "invalidate",
3395 		.lname	= "Cache invalidate",
3396 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3397 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, invalidate_cache),
3398 		.help	= "Invalidate buffer/page cache prior to running job",
3399 		.def	= "1",
3400 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3401 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
3402 	},
3403 	{
3404 		.name	= "sync",
3405 		.lname	= "Synchronous I/O",
3406 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3407 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, sync_io),
3408 		.help	= "Use O_SYNC for buffered writes",
3409 		.def	= "0",
3410 		.parent = "buffered",
3411 		.hide	= 1,
3412 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3413 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
3414 	},
3415 	{
3416 		.name	= "create_serialize",
3417 		.lname	= "Create serialize",
3418 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3419 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, create_serialize),
3420 		.help	= "Serialize creation of job files",
3421 		.def	= "1",
3422 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
3423 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3424 	},
3425 	{
3426 		.name	= "create_fsync",
3427 		.lname	= "Create fsync",
3428 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3429 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, create_fsync),
3430 		.help	= "fsync file after creation",
3431 		.def	= "1",
3432 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
3433 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3434 	},
3435 	{
3436 		.name	= "create_on_open",
3437 		.lname	= "Create on open",
3438 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3439 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, create_on_open),
3440 		.help	= "Create files when they are opened for IO",
3441 		.def	= "0",
3442 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
3443 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3444 	},
3445 	{
3446 		.name	= "create_only",
3447 		.lname	= "Create Only",
3448 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3449 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, create_only),
3450 		.help	= "Only perform file creation phase",
3451 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
3452 		.def	= "0",
3453 	},
3454 	{
3455 		.name	= "allow_file_create",
3456 		.lname	= "Allow file create",
3457 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3458 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, allow_create),
3459 		.help	= "Permit fio to create files, if they don't exist",
3460 		.def	= "1",
3461 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
3462 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
3463 	},
3464 	{
3465 		.name	= "allow_mounted_write",
3466 		.lname	= "Allow mounted write",
3467 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3468 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, allow_mounted_write),
3469 		.help	= "Allow writes to a mounted partition",
3470 		.def	= "0",
3471 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
3472 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
3473 	},
3474 	{
3475 		.name	= "pre_read",
3476 		.lname	= "Pre-read files",
3477 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3478 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, pre_read),
3479 		.help	= "Pre-read files before starting official testing",
3480 		.def	= "0",
3481 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
3482 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3483 	},
3484 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
3485 	{
3486 		.name	= "cpumask",
3487 		.lname	= "CPU mask",
3488 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
3489 		.cb	= str_cpumask_cb,
3490 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, cpumask),
3491 		.help	= "CPU affinity mask",
3492 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3493 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
3494 	},
3495 	{
3496 		.name	= "cpus_allowed",
3497 		.lname	= "CPUs allowed",
3498 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR,
3499 		.cb	= str_cpus_allowed_cb,
3500 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, cpumask),
3501 		.help	= "Set CPUs allowed",
3502 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3503 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
3504 	},
3505 	{
3506 		.name	= "cpus_allowed_policy",
3507 		.lname	= "CPUs allowed distribution policy",
3508 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR,
3509 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, cpus_allowed_policy),
3510 		.help	= "Distribution policy for cpus_allowed",
3511 		.parent = "cpus_allowed",
3512 		.prio	= 1,
3513 		.posval = {
3514 			  { .ival = "shared",
3515 			    .oval = FIO_CPUS_SHARED,
3516 			    .help = "Mask shared between threads",
3517 			  },
3518 			  { .ival = "split",
3519 			    .oval = FIO_CPUS_SPLIT,
3520 			    .help = "Mask split between threads",
3521 			  },
3522 		},
3523 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3524 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
3525 	},
3526 #else
3527 	{
3528 		.name	= "cpumask",
3529 		.lname	= "CPU mask",
3530 		.type	= FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
3531 		.help	= "Your platform does not support CPU affinities",
3532 	},
3533 	{
3534 		.name	= "cpus_allowed",
3535 		.lname	= "CPUs allowed",
3536 		.type	= FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
3537 		.help	= "Your platform does not support CPU affinities",
3538 	},
3539 	{
3540 		.name	= "cpus_allowed_policy",
3541 		.lname	= "CPUs allowed distribution policy",
3542 		.type	= FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
3543 		.help	= "Your platform does not support CPU affinities",
3544 	},
3545 #endif
3546 #ifdef CONFIG_LIBNUMA
3547 	{
3548 		.name	= "numa_cpu_nodes",
3549 		.lname	= "NUMA CPU Nodes",
3550 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR,
3551 		.cb	= str_numa_cpunodes_cb,
3552 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, numa_cpunodes),
3553 		.help	= "NUMA CPU nodes bind",
3554 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3555 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3556 	},
3557 	{
3558 		.name	= "numa_mem_policy",
3559 		.lname	= "NUMA Memory Policy",
3560 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR,
3561 		.cb	= str_numa_mpol_cb,
3562 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, numa_memnodes),
3563 		.help	= "NUMA memory policy setup",
3564 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3565 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3566 	},
3567 #else
3568 	{
3569 		.name	= "numa_cpu_nodes",
3570 		.lname	= "NUMA CPU Nodes",
3571 		.type	= FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
3572 		.help	= "Build fio with libnuma-dev(el) to enable this option",
3573 	},
3574 	{
3575 		.name	= "numa_mem_policy",
3576 		.lname	= "NUMA Memory Policy",
3577 		.type	= FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
3578 		.help	= "Build fio with libnuma-dev(el) to enable this option",
3579 	},
3580 #endif
3581 #ifdef CONFIG_CUDA
3582 	{
3583 		.name	= "gpu_dev_id",
3584 		.lname	= "GPU device ID",
3585 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
3586 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, gpu_dev_id),
3587 		.help	= "Set GPU device ID for GPUDirect RDMA",
3588 		.def    = "0",
3589 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3590 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3591 	},
3592 #endif
3593 	{
3594 		.name	= "end_fsync",
3595 		.lname	= "End fsync",
3596 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3597 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, end_fsync),
3598 		.help	= "Include fsync at the end of job",
3599 		.def	= "0",
3600 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
3601 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3602 	},
3603 	{
3604 		.name	= "fsync_on_close",
3605 		.lname	= "Fsync on close",
3606 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3607 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, fsync_on_close),
3608 		.help	= "fsync files on close",
3609 		.def	= "0",
3610 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
3611 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3612 	},
3613 	{
3614 		.name	= "unlink",
3615 		.lname	= "Unlink file",
3616 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3617 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, unlink),
3618 		.help	= "Unlink created files after job has completed",
3619 		.def	= "0",
3620 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
3621 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3622 	},
3623 	{
3624 		.name	= "unlink_each_loop",
3625 		.lname	= "Unlink file after each loop of a job",
3626 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3627 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, unlink_each_loop),
3628 		.help	= "Unlink created files after each loop in a job has completed",
3629 		.def	= "0",
3630 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
3631 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3632 	},
3633 	{
3634 		.name	= "exitall",
3635 		.lname	= "Exit-all on terminate",
3636 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
3637 		.cb	= str_exitall_cb,
3638 		.help	= "Terminate all jobs when one exits",
3639 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3640 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
3641 	},
3642 	{
3643 		.name	= "exitall_on_error",
3644 		.lname	= "Exit-all on terminate in error",
3645 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
3646 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, exitall_error),
3647 		.help	= "Terminate all jobs when one exits in error",
3648 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3649 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
3650 	},
3651 	{
3652 		.name	= "stonewall",
3653 		.lname	= "Wait for previous",
3654 		.alias	= "wait_for_previous",
3655 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
3656 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, stonewall),
3657 		.help	= "Insert a hard barrier between this job and previous",
3658 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3659 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
3660 	},
3661 	{
3662 		.name	= "new_group",
3663 		.lname	= "New group",
3664 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
3665 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, new_group),
3666 		.help	= "Mark the start of a new group (for reporting)",
3667 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3668 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
3669 	},
3670 	{
3671 		.name	= "thread",
3672 		.lname	= "Thread",
3673 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
3674 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, use_thread),
3675 		.help	= "Use threads instead of processes",
3676 #ifdef CONFIG_NO_SHM
3677 		.def	= "1",
3678 		.no_warn_def = 1,
3679 #endif
3680 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3681 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
3682 	},
3683 	{
3684 		.name	= "per_job_logs",
3685 		.lname	= "Per Job Logs",
3686 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3687 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, per_job_logs),
3688 		.help	= "Include job number in generated log files or not",
3689 		.def	= "1",
3690 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3691 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3692 	},
3693 	{
3694 		.name	= "write_bw_log",
3695 		.lname	= "Write bandwidth log",
3696 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR,
3697 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, bw_log_file),
3698 		.cb	= str_write_bw_log_cb,
3699 		.help	= "Write log of bandwidth during run",
3700 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3701 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3702 	},
3703 	{
3704 		.name	= "write_lat_log",
3705 		.lname	= "Write latency log",
3706 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR,
3707 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, lat_log_file),
3708 		.cb	= str_write_lat_log_cb,
3709 		.help	= "Write log of latency during run",
3710 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3711 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3712 	},
3713 	{
3714 		.name	= "write_iops_log",
3715 		.lname	= "Write IOPS log",
3716 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR,
3717 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, iops_log_file),
3718 		.cb	= str_write_iops_log_cb,
3719 		.help	= "Write log of IOPS during run",
3720 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3721 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3722 	},
3723 	{
3724 		.name	= "log_avg_msec",
3725 		.lname	= "Log averaging (msec)",
3726 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
3727 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, log_avg_msec),
3728 		.help	= "Average bw/iops/lat logs over this period of time",
3729 		.def	= "0",
3730 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3731 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3732 	},
3733 	{
3734 		.name	= "log_hist_msec",
3735 		.lname	= "Log histograms (msec)",
3736 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
3737 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, log_hist_msec),
3738 		.help	= "Dump completion latency histograms at frequency of this time value",
3739 		.def	= "0",
3740 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3741 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3742 	},
3743 	{
3744 		.name	= "log_hist_coarseness",
3745 		.lname	= "Histogram logs coarseness",
3746 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
3747 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, log_hist_coarseness),
3748 		.help	= "Integer in range [0,6]. Higher coarseness outputs"
3749 			" fewer histogram bins per sample. The number of bins for"
3750 			" these are [1216, 608, 304, 152, 76, 38, 19] respectively.",
3751 		.def	= "0",
3752 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3753 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3754 	},
3755 	{
3756 		.name	= "write_hist_log",
3757 		.lname	= "Write latency histogram logs",
3758 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR,
3759 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, hist_log_file),
3760 		.cb	= str_write_hist_log_cb,
3761 		.help	= "Write log of latency histograms during run",
3762 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3763 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3764 	},
3765 	{
3766 		.name	= "log_max_value",
3767 		.lname	= "Log maximum instead of average",
3768 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3769 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, log_max),
3770 		.help	= "Log max sample in a window instead of average",
3771 		.def	= "0",
3772 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3773 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3774 	},
3775 	{
3776 		.name	= "log_offset",
3777 		.lname	= "Log offset of IO",
3778 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3779 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, log_offset),
3780 		.help	= "Include offset of IO for each log entry",
3781 		.def	= "0",
3782 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3783 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3784 	},
3785 #ifdef CONFIG_ZLIB
3786 	{
3787 		.name	= "log_compression",
3788 		.lname	= "Log compression",
3789 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
3790 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, log_gz),
3791 		.help	= "Log in compressed chunks of this size",
3792 		.minval	= 1024ULL,
3793 		.maxval	= 512 * 1024 * 1024ULL,
3794 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3795 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3796 	},
3797 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
3798 	{
3799 		.name	= "log_compression_cpus",
3800 		.lname	= "Log Compression CPUs",
3801 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR,
3802 		.cb	= str_log_cpus_allowed_cb,
3803 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, log_gz_cpumask),
3804 		.parent = "log_compression",
3805 		.help	= "Limit log compression to these CPUs",
3806 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3807 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3808 	},
3809 #else
3810 	{
3811 		.name	= "log_compression_cpus",
3812 		.lname	= "Log Compression CPUs",
3813 		.type	= FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
3814 		.help	= "Your platform does not support CPU affinities",
3815 	},
3816 #endif
3817 	{
3818 		.name	= "log_store_compressed",
3819 		.lname	= "Log store compressed",
3820 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3821 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, log_gz_store),
3822 		.help	= "Store logs in a compressed format",
3823 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3824 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3825 	},
3826 #else
3827 	{
3828 		.name	= "log_compression",
3829 		.lname	= "Log compression",
3830 		.type	= FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
3831 		.help	= "Install libz-dev(el) to get compression support",
3832 	},
3833 	{
3834 		.name	= "log_store_compressed",
3835 		.lname	= "Log store compressed",
3836 		.type	= FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
3837 		.help	= "Install libz-dev(el) to get compression support",
3838 	},
3839 #endif
3840 	{
3841 		.name = "log_unix_epoch",
3842 		.lname = "Log epoch unix",
3843 		.type = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3844 		.off1 = offsetof(struct thread_options, log_unix_epoch),
3845 		.help = "Use Unix time in log files",
3846 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3847 		.group = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3848 	},
3849 	{
3850 		.name	= "block_error_percentiles",
3851 		.lname	= "Block error percentiles",
3852 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3853 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, block_error_hist),
3854 		.help	= "Record trim block errors and make a histogram",
3855 		.def	= "0",
3856 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3857 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3858 	},
3859 	{
3860 		.name	= "bwavgtime",
3861 		.lname	= "Bandwidth average time",
3862 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
3863 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, bw_avg_time),
3864 		.help	= "Time window over which to calculate bandwidth"
3865 			  " (msec)",
3866 		.def	= "500",
3867 		.parent	= "write_bw_log",
3868 		.hide	= 1,
3869 		.interval = 100,
3870 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3871 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3872 	},
3873 	{
3874 		.name	= "iopsavgtime",
3875 		.lname	= "IOPS average time",
3876 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
3877 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, iops_avg_time),
3878 		.help	= "Time window over which to calculate IOPS (msec)",
3879 		.def	= "500",
3880 		.parent	= "write_iops_log",
3881 		.hide	= 1,
3882 		.interval = 100,
3883 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3884 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3885 	},
3886 	{
3887 		.name	= "group_reporting",
3888 		.lname	= "Group reporting",
3889 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
3890 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, group_reporting),
3891 		.help	= "Do reporting on a per-group basis",
3892 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
3893 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3894 	},
3895 	{
3896 		.name	= "stats",
3897 		.lname	= "Stats",
3898 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3899 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, stats),
3900 		.help	= "Enable collection of stats",
3901 		.def	= "1",
3902 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
3903 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3904 	},
3905 	{
3906 		.name	= "zero_buffers",
3907 		.lname	= "Zero I/O buffers",
3908 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
3909 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, zero_buffers),
3910 		.help	= "Init IO buffers to all zeroes",
3911 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3912 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
3913 	},
3914 	{
3915 		.name	= "refill_buffers",
3916 		.lname	= "Refill I/O buffers",
3917 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
3918 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, refill_buffers),
3919 		.help	= "Refill IO buffers on every IO submit",
3920 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3921 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
3922 	},
3923 	{
3924 		.name	= "scramble_buffers",
3925 		.lname	= "Scramble I/O buffers",
3926 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3927 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, scramble_buffers),
3928 		.help	= "Slightly scramble buffers on every IO submit",
3929 		.def	= "1",
3930 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3931 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
3932 	},
3933 	{
3934 		.name	= "buffer_pattern",
3935 		.lname	= "Buffer pattern",
3936 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR,
3937 		.cb	= str_buffer_pattern_cb,
3938 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, buffer_pattern),
3939 		.help	= "Fill pattern for IO buffers",
3940 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3941 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
3942 	},
3943 	{
3944 		.name	= "buffer_compress_percentage",
3945 		.lname	= "Buffer compression percentage",
3946 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
3947 		.cb	= str_buffer_compress_cb,
3948 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, compress_percentage),
3949 		.maxval	= 100,
3950 		.minval	= 0,
3951 		.help	= "How compressible the buffer is (approximately)",
3952 		.interval = 5,
3953 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3954 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
3955 	},
3956 	{
3957 		.name	= "buffer_compress_chunk",
3958 		.lname	= "Buffer compression chunk size",
3959 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
3960 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, compress_chunk),
3961 		.parent	= "buffer_compress_percentage",
3962 		.hide	= 1,
3963 		.help	= "Size of compressible region in buffer",
3964 		.interval = 256,
3965 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3966 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
3967 	},
3968 	{
3969 		.name	= "dedupe_percentage",
3970 		.lname	= "Dedupe percentage",
3971 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
3972 		.cb	= str_dedupe_cb,
3973 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, dedupe_percentage),
3974 		.maxval	= 100,
3975 		.minval	= 0,
3976 		.help	= "Percentage of buffers that are dedupable",
3977 		.interval = 1,
3978 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3979 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
3980 	},
3981 	{
3982 		.name	= "clat_percentiles",
3983 		.lname	= "Completion latency percentiles",
3984 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3985 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, clat_percentiles),
3986 		.help	= "Enable the reporting of completion latency percentiles",
3987 		.def	= "1",
3988 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
3989 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3990 	},
3991 	{
3992 		.name	= "percentile_list",
3993 		.lname	= "Percentile list",
3994 		.type	= FIO_OPT_FLOAT_LIST,
3995 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, percentile_list),
3996 		.off2	= offsetof(struct thread_options, percentile_precision),
3997 		.help	= "Specify a custom list of percentiles to report for "
3998 			  "completion latency and block errors",
3999 		.def    = "1:5:10:20:30:40:50:60:70:80:90:95:99:99.5:99.9:99.95:99.99",
4000 		.maxlen	= FIO_IO_U_LIST_MAX_LEN,
4001 		.minfp	= 0.0,
4002 		.maxfp	= 100.0,
4003 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
4004 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4005 	},
4006 
4007 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_DISK_UTIL
4008 	{
4009 		.name	= "disk_util",
4010 		.lname	= "Disk utilization",
4011 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4012 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, do_disk_util),
4013 		.help	= "Log disk utilization statistics",
4014 		.def	= "1",
4015 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
4016 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4017 	},
4018 #else
4019 	{
4020 		.name	= "disk_util",
4021 		.lname	= "Disk utilization",
4022 		.type	= FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
4023 		.help	= "Your platform does not support disk utilization",
4024 	},
4025 #endif
4026 	{
4027 		.name	= "gtod_reduce",
4028 		.lname	= "Reduce gettimeofday() calls",
4029 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4030 		.help	= "Greatly reduce number of gettimeofday() calls",
4031 		.cb	= str_gtod_reduce_cb,
4032 		.def	= "0",
4033 		.hide_on_set = 1,
4034 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
4035 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4036 	},
4037 	{
4038 		.name	= "disable_lat",
4039 		.lname	= "Disable all latency stats",
4040 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4041 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, disable_lat),
4042 		.help	= "Disable latency numbers",
4043 		.parent	= "gtod_reduce",
4044 		.hide	= 1,
4045 		.def	= "0",
4046 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
4047 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4048 	},
4049 	{
4050 		.name	= "disable_clat",
4051 		.lname	= "Disable completion latency stats",
4052 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4053 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, disable_clat),
4054 		.help	= "Disable completion latency numbers",
4055 		.parent	= "gtod_reduce",
4056 		.hide	= 1,
4057 		.def	= "0",
4058 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
4059 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4060 	},
4061 	{
4062 		.name	= "disable_slat",
4063 		.lname	= "Disable submission latency stats",
4064 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4065 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, disable_slat),
4066 		.help	= "Disable submission latency numbers",
4067 		.parent	= "gtod_reduce",
4068 		.hide	= 1,
4069 		.def	= "0",
4070 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
4071 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4072 	},
4073 	{
4074 		.name	= "disable_bw_measurement",
4075 		.alias	= "disable_bw",
4076 		.lname	= "Disable bandwidth stats",
4077 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4078 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, disable_bw),
4079 		.help	= "Disable bandwidth logging",
4080 		.parent	= "gtod_reduce",
4081 		.hide	= 1,
4082 		.def	= "0",
4083 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
4084 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4085 	},
4086 	{
4087 		.name	= "gtod_cpu",
4088 		.lname	= "Dedicated gettimeofday() CPU",
4089 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
4090 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, gtod_cpu),
4091 		.help	= "Set up dedicated gettimeofday() thread on this CPU",
4092 		.verify	= gtod_cpu_verify,
4093 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4094 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_CLOCK,
4095 	},
4096 	{
4097 		.name	= "unified_rw_reporting",
4098 		.lname	= "Unified RW Reporting",
4099 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4100 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, unified_rw_rep),
4101 		.help	= "Unify reporting across data direction",
4102 		.def	= "0",
4103 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4104 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4105 	},
4106 	{
4107 		.name	= "continue_on_error",
4108 		.lname	= "Continue on error",
4109 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR,
4110 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, continue_on_error),
4111 		.help	= "Continue on non-fatal errors during IO",
4112 		.def	= "none",
4113 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4114 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_ERR,
4115 		.posval = {
4116 			  { .ival = "none",
4117 			    .oval = ERROR_TYPE_NONE,
4118 			    .help = "Exit when an error is encountered",
4119 			  },
4120 			  { .ival = "read",
4121 			    .oval = ERROR_TYPE_READ,
4122 			    .help = "Continue on read errors only",
4123 			  },
4124 			  { .ival = "write",
4125 			    .oval = ERROR_TYPE_WRITE,
4126 			    .help = "Continue on write errors only",
4127 			  },
4128 			  { .ival = "io",
4129 			    .oval = ERROR_TYPE_READ | ERROR_TYPE_WRITE,
4130 			    .help = "Continue on any IO errors",
4131 			  },
4132 			  { .ival = "verify",
4133 			    .oval = ERROR_TYPE_VERIFY,
4134 			    .help = "Continue on verify errors only",
4135 			  },
4136 			  { .ival = "all",
4137 			    .oval = ERROR_TYPE_ANY,
4138 			    .help = "Continue on all io and verify errors",
4139 			  },
4140 			  { .ival = "0",
4141 			    .oval = ERROR_TYPE_NONE,
4142 			    .help = "Alias for 'none'",
4143 			  },
4144 			  { .ival = "1",
4145 			    .oval = ERROR_TYPE_ANY,
4146 			    .help = "Alias for 'all'",
4147 			  },
4148 		},
4149 	},
4150 	{
4151 		.name	= "ignore_error",
4152 		.lname	= "Ignore Error",
4153 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR,
4154 		.cb	= str_ignore_error_cb,
4155 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, ignore_error_nr),
4156 		.help	= "Set a specific list of errors to ignore",
4157 		.parent	= "rw",
4158 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4159 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_ERR,
4160 	},
4161 	{
4162 		.name	= "error_dump",
4163 		.lname	= "Error Dump",
4164 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4165 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, error_dump),
4166 		.def	= "0",
4167 		.help	= "Dump info on each error",
4168 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4169 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_ERR,
4170 	},
4171 	{
4172 		.name	= "profile",
4173 		.lname	= "Profile",
4174 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
4175 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, profile),
4176 		.help	= "Select a specific builtin performance test",
4177 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_PROFILE,
4178 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4179 	},
4180 	{
4181 		.name	= "cgroup",
4182 		.lname	= "Cgroup",
4183 		.type	= FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
4184 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, cgroup),
4185 		.help	= "Add job to cgroup of this name",
4186 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4187 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_CGROUP,
4188 	},
4189 	{
4190 		.name	= "cgroup_nodelete",
4191 		.lname	= "Cgroup no-delete",
4192 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4193 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, cgroup_nodelete),
4194 		.help	= "Do not delete cgroups after job completion",
4195 		.def	= "0",
4196 		.parent	= "cgroup",
4197 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4198 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_CGROUP,
4199 	},
4200 	{
4201 		.name	= "cgroup_weight",
4202 		.lname	= "Cgroup weight",
4203 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
4204 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, cgroup_weight),
4205 		.help	= "Use given weight for cgroup",
4206 		.minval = 100,
4207 		.maxval	= 1000,
4208 		.parent	= "cgroup",
4209 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4210 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_CGROUP,
4211 	},
4212 	{
4213 		.name	= "uid",
4214 		.lname	= "User ID",
4215 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
4216 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, uid),
4217 		.help	= "Run job with this user ID",
4218 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4219 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
4220 	},
4221 	{
4222 		.name	= "gid",
4223 		.lname	= "Group ID",
4224 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
4225 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, gid),
4226 		.help	= "Run job with this group ID",
4227 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4228 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
4229 	},
4230 	{
4231 		.name	= "kb_base",
4232 		.lname	= "KB Base",
4233 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
4234 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, kb_base),
4235 		.prio	= 1,
4236 		.def	= "1024",
4237 		.posval = {
4238 			  { .ival = "1024",
4239 			    .oval = 1024,
4240 			    .help = "Inputs invert IEC and SI prefixes (for compatibility); outputs prefer binary",
4241 			  },
4242 			  { .ival = "1000",
4243 			    .oval = 1000,
4244 			    .help = "Inputs use IEC and SI prefixes; outputs prefer SI",
4245 			  },
4246 		},
4247 		.help	= "Unit prefix interpretation for quantities of data (IEC and SI)",
4248 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4249 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4250 	},
4251 	{
4252 		.name	= "unit_base",
4253 		.lname	= "Unit for quantities of data (Bits or Bytes)",
4254 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
4255 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, unit_base),
4256 		.prio	= 1,
4257 		.posval = {
4258 			  { .ival = "0",
4259 			    .oval = 0,
4260 			    .help = "Auto-detect",
4261 			  },
4262 			  { .ival = "8",
4263 			    .oval = 8,
4264 			    .help = "Normal (byte based)",
4265 			  },
4266 			  { .ival = "1",
4267 			    .oval = 1,
4268 			    .help = "Bit based",
4269 			  },
4270 		},
4271 		.help	= "Bit multiple of result summary data (8 for byte, 1 for bit)",
4272 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4273 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4274 	},
4275 	{
4276 		.name	= "hugepage-size",
4277 		.lname	= "Hugepage size",
4278 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
4279 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, hugepage_size),
4280 		.help	= "When using hugepages, specify size of each page",
4281 		.def	= __fio_stringify(FIO_HUGE_PAGE),
4282 		.interval = 1024 * 1024,
4283 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4284 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4285 	},
4286 	{
4287 		.name	= "flow_id",
4288 		.lname	= "I/O flow ID",
4289 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
4290 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, flow_id),
4291 		.help	= "The flow index ID to use",
4292 		.def	= "0",
4293 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
4294 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
4295 	},
4296 	{
4297 		.name	= "flow",
4298 		.lname	= "I/O flow weight",
4299 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
4300 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, flow),
4301 		.help	= "Weight for flow control of this job",
4302 		.parent	= "flow_id",
4303 		.hide	= 1,
4304 		.def	= "0",
4305 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
4306 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
4307 	},
4308 	{
4309 		.name	= "flow_watermark",
4310 		.lname	= "I/O flow watermark",
4311 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
4312 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, flow_watermark),
4313 		.help	= "High watermark for flow control. This option"
4314 			" should be set to the same value for all threads"
4315 			" with non-zero flow.",
4316 		.parent	= "flow_id",
4317 		.hide	= 1,
4318 		.def	= "1024",
4319 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
4320 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
4321 	},
4322 	{
4323 		.name	= "flow_sleep",
4324 		.lname	= "I/O flow sleep",
4325 		.type	= FIO_OPT_INT,
4326 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, flow_sleep),
4327 		.help	= "How many microseconds to sleep after being held"
4328 			" back by the flow control mechanism",
4329 		.parent	= "flow_id",
4330 		.hide	= 1,
4331 		.def	= "0",
4332 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
4333 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
4334 	},
4335 	{
4336 		.name	= "skip_bad",
4337 		.lname	= "Skip operations against bad blocks",
4338 		.type	= FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4339 		.off1	= offsetof(struct thread_options, skip_bad),
4340 		.help	= "Skip operations against known bad blocks.",
4341 		.hide	= 1,
4342 		.def	= "0",
4343 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
4344 		.group	= FIO_OPT_G_MTD,
4345 	},
4346 	{
4347 		.name   = "steadystate",
4348 		.lname  = "Steady state threshold",
4349 		.alias  = "ss",
4350 		.type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
4351 		.off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ss_state),
4352 		.cb	= str_steadystate_cb,
4353 		.help   = "Define the criterion and limit to judge when a job has reached steady state",
4354 		.def	= "iops_slope:0.01%",
4355 		.posval	= {
4356 			  { .ival = "iops",
4357 			    .oval = FIO_SS_IOPS,
4358 			    .help = "maximum mean deviation of IOPS measurements",
4359 			  },
4360 			  { .ival = "iops_slope",
4361 			    .oval = FIO_SS_IOPS_SLOPE,
4362 			    .help = "slope calculated from IOPS measurements",
4363 			  },
4364 			  { .ival = "bw",
4365 			    .oval = FIO_SS_BW,
4366 			    .help = "maximum mean deviation of bandwidth measurements",
4367 			  },
4368 			  {
4369 			    .ival = "bw_slope",
4370 			    .oval = FIO_SS_BW_SLOPE,
4371 			    .help = "slope calculated from bandwidth measurements",
4372 			  },
4373 		},
4374 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4375 		.group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
4376 	},
4377         {
4378 		.name   = "steadystate_duration",
4379 		.lname  = "Steady state duration",
4380 		.alias  = "ss_dur",
4381 		.parent	= "steadystate",
4382 		.type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
4383 		.off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ss_dur),
4384 		.help   = "Stop workload upon attaining steady state for specified duration",
4385 		.def    = "0",
4386 		.is_seconds = 1,
4387 		.is_time = 1,
4388 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4389 		.group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
4390 	},
4391         {
4392 		.name   = "steadystate_ramp_time",
4393 		.lname  = "Steady state ramp time",
4394 		.alias  = "ss_ramp",
4395 		.parent	= "steadystate",
4396 		.type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
4397 		.off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ss_ramp_time),
4398 		.help   = "Delay before initiation of data collection for steady state job termination testing",
4399 		.def    = "0",
4400 		.is_seconds = 1,
4401 		.is_time = 1,
4402 		.category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4403 		.group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
4404 	},
4405 	{
4406 		.name = NULL,
4407 	},
4408 };
4409 
add_to_lopt(struct option * lopt,struct fio_option * o,const char * name,int val)4410 static void add_to_lopt(struct option *lopt, struct fio_option *o,
4411 			const char *name, int val)
4412 {
4413 	lopt->name = (char *) name;
4414 	lopt->val = val;
4415 	if (o->type == FIO_OPT_STR_SET)
4416 		lopt->has_arg = optional_argument;
4417 	else
4418 		lopt->has_arg = required_argument;
4419 }
4420 
options_to_lopts(struct fio_option * opts,struct option * long_options,int i,int option_type)4421 static void options_to_lopts(struct fio_option *opts,
4422 			      struct option *long_options,
4423 			      int i, int option_type)
4424 {
4425 	struct fio_option *o = &opts[0];
4426 	while (o->name) {
4427 		add_to_lopt(&long_options[i], o, o->name, option_type);
4428 		if (o->alias) {
4429 			i++;
4430 			add_to_lopt(&long_options[i], o, o->alias, option_type);
4431 		}
4432 
4433 		i++;
4434 		o++;
4435 		assert(i < FIO_NR_OPTIONS);
4436 	}
4437 }
4438 
fio_options_set_ioengine_opts(struct option * long_options,struct thread_data * td)4439 void fio_options_set_ioengine_opts(struct option *long_options,
4440 				   struct thread_data *td)
4441 {
4442 	unsigned int i;
4443 
4444 	i = 0;
4445 	while (long_options[i].name) {
4446 		if (long_options[i].val == FIO_GETOPT_IOENGINE) {
4447 			memset(&long_options[i], 0, sizeof(*long_options));
4448 			break;
4449 		}
4450 		i++;
4451 	}
4452 
4453 	/*
4454 	 * Just clear out the prior ioengine options.
4455 	 */
4456 	if (!td || !td->eo)
4457 		return;
4458 
4459 	options_to_lopts(td->io_ops->options, long_options, i,
4460 			 FIO_GETOPT_IOENGINE);
4461 }
4462 
fio_options_dup_and_init(struct option * long_options)4463 void fio_options_dup_and_init(struct option *long_options)
4464 {
4465 	unsigned int i;
4466 
4467 	options_init(fio_options);
4468 
4469 	i = 0;
4470 	while (long_options[i].name)
4471 		i++;
4472 
4473 	options_to_lopts(fio_options, long_options, i, FIO_GETOPT_JOB);
4474 }
4475 
4476 struct fio_keyword {
4477 	const char *word;
4478 	const char *desc;
4479 	char *replace;
4480 };
4481 
4482 static struct fio_keyword fio_keywords[] = {
4483 	{
4484 		.word	= "$pagesize",
4485 		.desc	= "Page size in the system",
4486 	},
4487 	{
4488 		.word	= "$mb_memory",
4489 		.desc	= "Megabytes of memory online",
4490 	},
4491 	{
4492 		.word	= "$ncpus",
4493 		.desc	= "Number of CPUs online in the system",
4494 	},
4495 	{
4496 		.word	= NULL,
4497 	},
4498 };
4499 
fio_keywords_exit(void)4500 void fio_keywords_exit(void)
4501 {
4502 	struct fio_keyword *kw;
4503 
4504 	kw = &fio_keywords[0];
4505 	while (kw->word) {
4506 		free(kw->replace);
4507 		kw->replace = NULL;
4508 		kw++;
4509 	}
4510 }
4511 
fio_keywords_init(void)4512 void fio_keywords_init(void)
4513 {
4514 	unsigned long long mb_memory;
4515 	char buf[128];
4516 	long l;
4517 
4518 	sprintf(buf, "%lu", (unsigned long) page_size);
4519 	fio_keywords[0].replace = strdup(buf);
4520 
4521 	mb_memory = os_phys_mem() / (1024 * 1024);
4522 	sprintf(buf, "%llu", mb_memory);
4523 	fio_keywords[1].replace = strdup(buf);
4524 
4525 	l = cpus_online();
4526 	sprintf(buf, "%lu", l);
4527 	fio_keywords[2].replace = strdup(buf);
4528 }
4529 
4530 #define BC_APP		"bc"
4531 
bc_calc(char * str)4532 static char *bc_calc(char *str)
4533 {
4534 	char buf[128], *tmp;
4535 	FILE *f;
4536 	int ret;
4537 
4538 	/*
4539 	 * No math, just return string
4540 	 */
4541 	if ((!strchr(str, '+') && !strchr(str, '-') && !strchr(str, '*') &&
4542 	     !strchr(str, '/')) || strchr(str, '\''))
4543 		return str;
4544 
4545 	/*
4546 	 * Split option from value, we only need to calculate the value
4547 	 */
4548 	tmp = strchr(str, '=');
4549 	if (!tmp)
4550 		return str;
4551 
4552 	tmp++;
4553 
4554 	/*
4555 	 * Prevent buffer overflows; such a case isn't reasonable anyway
4556 	 */
4557 	if (strlen(str) >= 128 || strlen(tmp) > 100)
4558 		return str;
4559 
4560 	sprintf(buf, "which %s > /dev/null", BC_APP);
4561 	if (system(buf)) {
4562 		log_err("fio: bc is needed for performing math\n");
4563 		return NULL;
4564 	}
4565 
4566 	sprintf(buf, "echo '%s' | %s", tmp, BC_APP);
4567 	f = popen(buf, "r");
4568 	if (!f)
4569 		return NULL;
4570 
4571 	ret = fread(&buf[tmp - str], 1, 128 - (tmp - str), f);
4572 	if (ret <= 0) {
4573 		pclose(f);
4574 		return NULL;
4575 	}
4576 
4577 	pclose(f);
4578 	buf[(tmp - str) + ret - 1] = '\0';
4579 	memcpy(buf, str, tmp - str);
4580 	free(str);
4581 	return strdup(buf);
4582 }
4583 
4584 /*
4585  * Return a copy of the input string with substrings of the form ${VARNAME}
4586  * substituted with the value of the environment variable VARNAME.  The
4587  * substitution always occurs, even if VARNAME is empty or the corresponding
4588  * environment variable undefined.
4589  */
option_dup_subs(const char * opt)4590 static char *option_dup_subs(const char *opt)
4591 {
4592 	char out[OPT_LEN_MAX+1];
4593 	char in[OPT_LEN_MAX+1];
4594 	char *outptr = out;
4595 	char *inptr = in;
4596 	char *ch1, *ch2, *env;
4597 	ssize_t nchr = OPT_LEN_MAX;
4598 	size_t envlen;
4599 
4600 	if (strlen(opt) + 1 > OPT_LEN_MAX) {
4601 		log_err("OPT_LEN_MAX (%d) is too small\n", OPT_LEN_MAX);
4602 		return NULL;
4603 	}
4604 
4605 	in[OPT_LEN_MAX] = '\0';
4606 	strncpy(in, opt, OPT_LEN_MAX);
4607 
4608 	while (*inptr && nchr > 0) {
4609 		if (inptr[0] == '$' && inptr[1] == '{') {
4610 			ch2 = strchr(inptr, '}');
4611 			if (ch2 && inptr+1 < ch2) {
4612 				ch1 = inptr+2;
4613 				inptr = ch2+1;
4614 				*ch2 = '\0';
4615 
4616 				env = getenv(ch1);
4617 				if (env) {
4618 					envlen = strlen(env);
4619 					if (envlen <= nchr) {
4620 						memcpy(outptr, env, envlen);
4621 						outptr += envlen;
4622 						nchr -= envlen;
4623 					}
4624 				}
4625 
4626 				continue;
4627 			}
4628 		}
4629 
4630 		*outptr++ = *inptr++;
4631 		--nchr;
4632 	}
4633 
4634 	*outptr = '\0';
4635 	return strdup(out);
4636 }
4637 
4638 /*
4639  * Look for reserved variable names and replace them with real values
4640  */
fio_keyword_replace(char * opt)4641 static char *fio_keyword_replace(char *opt)
4642 {
4643 	char *s;
4644 	int i;
4645 	int docalc = 0;
4646 
4647 	for (i = 0; fio_keywords[i].word != NULL; i++) {
4648 		struct fio_keyword *kw = &fio_keywords[i];
4649 
4650 		while ((s = strstr(opt, kw->word)) != NULL) {
4651 			char *new = malloc(strlen(opt) + 1);
4652 			char *o_org = opt;
4653 			int olen = s - opt;
4654 			int len;
4655 
4656 			/*
4657 			 * Copy part of the string before the keyword and
4658 			 * sprintf() the replacement after it.
4659 			 */
4660 			memcpy(new, opt, olen);
4661 			len = sprintf(new + olen, "%s", kw->replace);
4662 
4663 			/*
4664 			 * If there's more in the original string, copy that
4665 			 * in too
4666 			 */
4667 			opt += strlen(kw->word) + olen;
4668 			if (strlen(opt))
4669 				memcpy(new + olen + len, opt, opt - o_org - 1);
4670 
4671 			/*
4672 			 * replace opt and free the old opt
4673 			 */
4674 			opt = new;
4675 			free(o_org);
4676 
4677 			docalc = 1;
4678 		}
4679 	}
4680 
4681 	/*
4682 	 * Check for potential math and invoke bc, if possible
4683 	 */
4684 	if (docalc)
4685 		opt = bc_calc(opt);
4686 
4687 	return opt;
4688 }
4689 
dup_and_sub_options(char ** opts,int num_opts)4690 static char **dup_and_sub_options(char **opts, int num_opts)
4691 {
4692 	int i;
4693 	char **opts_copy = malloc(num_opts * sizeof(*opts));
4694 	for (i = 0; i < num_opts; i++) {
4695 		opts_copy[i] = option_dup_subs(opts[i]);
4696 		if (!opts_copy[i])
4697 			continue;
4698 		opts_copy[i] = fio_keyword_replace(opts_copy[i]);
4699 	}
4700 	return opts_copy;
4701 }
4702 
show_closest_option(const char * opt)4703 static void show_closest_option(const char *opt)
4704 {
4705 	int best_option, best_distance;
4706 	int i, distance;
4707 	char *name;
4708 
4709 	if (!strlen(opt))
4710 		return;
4711 
4712 	name = strdup(opt);
4713 	i = 0;
4714 	while (name[i] != '\0' && name[i] != '=')
4715 		i++;
4716 	name[i] = '\0';
4717 
4718 	best_option = -1;
4719 	best_distance = INT_MAX;
4720 	i = 0;
4721 	while (fio_options[i].name) {
4722 		distance = string_distance(name, fio_options[i].name);
4723 		if (distance < best_distance) {
4724 			best_distance = distance;
4725 			best_option = i;
4726 		}
4727 		i++;
4728 	}
4729 
4730 	if (best_option != -1 && string_distance_ok(name, best_distance) &&
4731 	    fio_options[best_option].type != FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED)
4732 		log_err("Did you mean %s?\n", fio_options[best_option].name);
4733 
4734 	free(name);
4735 }
4736 
fio_options_parse(struct thread_data * td,char ** opts,int num_opts)4737 int fio_options_parse(struct thread_data *td, char **opts, int num_opts)
4738 {
4739 	int i, ret, unknown;
4740 	char **opts_copy;
4741 
4742 	sort_options(opts, fio_options, num_opts);
4743 	opts_copy = dup_and_sub_options(opts, num_opts);
4744 
4745 	for (ret = 0, i = 0, unknown = 0; i < num_opts; i++) {
4746 		struct fio_option *o;
4747 		int newret = parse_option(opts_copy[i], opts[i], fio_options,
4748 						&o, &td->o, &td->opt_list);
4749 
4750 		if (!newret && o)
4751 			fio_option_mark_set(&td->o, o);
4752 
4753 		if (opts_copy[i]) {
4754 			if (newret && !o) {
4755 				unknown++;
4756 				continue;
4757 			}
4758 			free(opts_copy[i]);
4759 			opts_copy[i] = NULL;
4760 		}
4761 
4762 		ret |= newret;
4763 	}
4764 
4765 	if (unknown) {
4766 		ret |= ioengine_load(td);
4767 		if (td->eo) {
4768 			sort_options(opts_copy, td->io_ops->options, num_opts);
4769 			opts = opts_copy;
4770 		}
4771 		for (i = 0; i < num_opts; i++) {
4772 			struct fio_option *o = NULL;
4773 			int newret = 1;
4774 
4775 			if (!opts_copy[i])
4776 				continue;
4777 
4778 			if (td->eo)
4779 				newret = parse_option(opts_copy[i], opts[i],
4780 						      td->io_ops->options, &o,
4781 						      td->eo, &td->opt_list);
4782 
4783 			ret |= newret;
4784 			if (!o) {
4785 				log_err("Bad option <%s>\n", opts[i]);
4786 				show_closest_option(opts[i]);
4787 			}
4788 			free(opts_copy[i]);
4789 			opts_copy[i] = NULL;
4790 		}
4791 	}
4792 
4793 	free(opts_copy);
4794 	return ret;
4795 }
4796 
fio_cmd_option_parse(struct thread_data * td,const char * opt,char * val)4797 int fio_cmd_option_parse(struct thread_data *td, const char *opt, char *val)
4798 {
4799 	int ret;
4800 
4801 	ret = parse_cmd_option(opt, val, fio_options, &td->o, &td->opt_list);
4802 	if (!ret) {
4803 		struct fio_option *o;
4804 
4805 		o = find_option(fio_options, opt);
4806 		if (o)
4807 			fio_option_mark_set(&td->o, o);
4808 	}
4809 
4810 	return ret;
4811 }
4812 
fio_cmd_ioengine_option_parse(struct thread_data * td,const char * opt,char * val)4813 int fio_cmd_ioengine_option_parse(struct thread_data *td, const char *opt,
4814 				char *val)
4815 {
4816 	return parse_cmd_option(opt, val, td->io_ops->options, td->eo,
4817 					&td->opt_list);
4818 }
4819 
fio_fill_default_options(struct thread_data * td)4820 void fio_fill_default_options(struct thread_data *td)
4821 {
4822 	td->o.magic = OPT_MAGIC;
4823 	fill_default_options(&td->o, fio_options);
4824 }
4825 
fio_show_option_help(const char * opt)4826 int fio_show_option_help(const char *opt)
4827 {
4828 	return show_cmd_help(fio_options, opt);
4829 }
4830 
4831 /*
4832  * dupe FIO_OPT_STR_STORE options
4833  */
fio_options_mem_dupe(struct thread_data * td)4834 void fio_options_mem_dupe(struct thread_data *td)
4835 {
4836 	options_mem_dupe(fio_options, &td->o);
4837 
4838 	if (td->eo && td->io_ops) {
4839 		void *oldeo = td->eo;
4840 
4841 		td->eo = malloc(td->io_ops->option_struct_size);
4842 		memcpy(td->eo, oldeo, td->io_ops->option_struct_size);
4843 		options_mem_dupe(td->io_ops->options, td->eo);
4844 	}
4845 }
4846 
fio_get_kb_base(void * data)4847 unsigned int fio_get_kb_base(void *data)
4848 {
4849 	struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
4850 	struct thread_options *o = &td->o;
4851 	unsigned int kb_base = 0;
4852 
4853 	/*
4854 	 * This is a hack... For private options, *data is not holding
4855 	 * a pointer to the thread_options, but to private data. This means
4856 	 * we can't safely dereference it, but magic is first so mem wise
4857 	 * it is valid. But this also means that if the job first sets
4858 	 * kb_base and expects that to be honored by private options,
4859 	 * it will be disappointed. We will return the global default
4860 	 * for this.
4861 	 */
4862 	if (o && o->magic == OPT_MAGIC)
4863 		kb_base = o->kb_base;
4864 	if (!kb_base)
4865 		kb_base = 1024;
4866 
4867 	return kb_base;
4868 }
4869 
add_option(struct fio_option * o)4870 int add_option(struct fio_option *o)
4871 {
4872 	struct fio_option *__o;
4873 	int opt_index = 0;
4874 
4875 	__o = fio_options;
4876 	while (__o->name) {
4877 		opt_index++;
4878 		__o++;
4879 	}
4880 
4881 	if (opt_index + 1 == FIO_MAX_OPTS) {
4882 		log_err("fio: FIO_MAX_OPTS is too small\n");
4883 		return 1;
4884 	}
4885 
4886 	memcpy(&fio_options[opt_index], o, sizeof(*o));
4887 	fio_options[opt_index + 1].name = NULL;
4888 	return 0;
4889 }
4890 
invalidate_profile_options(const char * prof_name)4891 void invalidate_profile_options(const char *prof_name)
4892 {
4893 	struct fio_option *o;
4894 
4895 	o = fio_options;
4896 	while (o->name) {
4897 		if (o->prof_name && !strcmp(o->prof_name, prof_name)) {
4898 			o->type = FIO_OPT_INVALID;
4899 			o->prof_name = NULL;
4900 		}
4901 		o++;
4902 	}
4903 }
4904 
add_opt_posval(const char * optname,const char * ival,const char * help)4905 void add_opt_posval(const char *optname, const char *ival, const char *help)
4906 {
4907 	struct fio_option *o;
4908 	unsigned int i;
4909 
4910 	o = find_option(fio_options, optname);
4911 	if (!o)
4912 		return;
4913 
4914 	for (i = 0; i < PARSE_MAX_VP; i++) {
4915 		if (o->posval[i].ival)
4916 			continue;
4917 
4918 		o->posval[i].ival = ival;
4919 		o->posval[i].help = help;
4920 		break;
4921 	}
4922 }
4923 
del_opt_posval(const char * optname,const char * ival)4924 void del_opt_posval(const char *optname, const char *ival)
4925 {
4926 	struct fio_option *o;
4927 	unsigned int i;
4928 
4929 	o = find_option(fio_options, optname);
4930 	if (!o)
4931 		return;
4932 
4933 	for (i = 0; i < PARSE_MAX_VP; i++) {
4934 		if (!o->posval[i].ival)
4935 			continue;
4936 		if (strcmp(o->posval[i].ival, ival))
4937 			continue;
4938 
4939 		o->posval[i].ival = NULL;
4940 		o->posval[i].help = NULL;
4941 	}
4942 }
4943 
fio_options_free(struct thread_data * td)4944 void fio_options_free(struct thread_data *td)
4945 {
4946 	options_free(fio_options, &td->o);
4947 	if (td->eo && td->io_ops && td->io_ops->options) {
4948 		options_free(td->io_ops->options, td->eo);
4949 		free(td->eo);
4950 		td->eo = NULL;
4951 	}
4952 }
4953 
fio_option_find(const char * name)4954 struct fio_option *fio_option_find(const char *name)
4955 {
4956 	return find_option(fio_options, name);
4957 }
4958 
find_next_opt(struct thread_options * o,struct fio_option * from,unsigned int off1)4959 static struct fio_option *find_next_opt(struct thread_options *o,
4960 					struct fio_option *from,
4961 					unsigned int off1)
4962 {
4963 	struct fio_option *opt;
4964 
4965 	if (!from)
4966 		from = &fio_options[0];
4967 	else
4968 		from++;
4969 
4970 	opt = NULL;
4971 	do {
4972 		if (off1 == from->off1) {
4973 			opt = from;
4974 			break;
4975 		}
4976 		from++;
4977 	} while (from->name);
4978 
4979 	return opt;
4980 }
4981 
opt_is_set(struct thread_options * o,struct fio_option * opt)4982 static int opt_is_set(struct thread_options *o, struct fio_option *opt)
4983 {
4984 	unsigned int opt_off, index, offset;
4985 
4986 	opt_off = opt - &fio_options[0];
4987 	index = opt_off / (8 * sizeof(uint64_t));
4988 	offset = opt_off & ((8 * sizeof(uint64_t)) - 1);
4989 	return (o->set_options[index] & ((uint64_t)1 << offset)) != 0;
4990 }
4991 
__fio_option_is_set(struct thread_options * o,unsigned int off1)4992 bool __fio_option_is_set(struct thread_options *o, unsigned int off1)
4993 {
4994 	struct fio_option *opt, *next;
4995 
4996 	next = NULL;
4997 	while ((opt = find_next_opt(o, next, off1)) != NULL) {
4998 		if (opt_is_set(o, opt))
4999 			return true;
5000 
5001 		next = opt;
5002 	}
5003 
5004 	return false;
5005 }
5006 
fio_option_mark_set(struct thread_options * o,struct fio_option * opt)5007 void fio_option_mark_set(struct thread_options *o, struct fio_option *opt)
5008 {
5009 	unsigned int opt_off, index, offset;
5010 
5011 	opt_off = opt - &fio_options[0];
5012 	index = opt_off / (8 * sizeof(uint64_t));
5013 	offset = opt_off & ((8 * sizeof(uint64_t)) - 1);
5014 	o->set_options[index] |= (uint64_t)1 << offset;
5015 }
5016