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1 /* $OpenBSD: ssh_api.c,v 1.7 2016/05/04 14:22:33 markus Exp $ */
2 /*
3  * Copyright (c) 2012 Markus Friedl.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
6  * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
7  * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
8  *
9  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
10  * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
11  * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
12  * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
13  * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
14  * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
15  * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
16  */
17 
18 #include "includes.h"
19 
20 #include "ssh_api.h"
21 #include "compat.h"
22 #include "log.h"
23 #include "authfile.h"
24 #include "sshkey.h"
25 #include "misc.h"
26 #include "ssh2.h"
27 #include "version.h"
28 #include "myproposal.h"
29 #include "ssherr.h"
30 #include "sshbuf.h"
31 
32 #include <string.h>
33 
34 int	_ssh_exchange_banner(struct ssh *);
35 int	_ssh_send_banner(struct ssh *, char **);
36 int	_ssh_read_banner(struct ssh *, char **);
37 int	_ssh_order_hostkeyalgs(struct ssh *);
38 int	_ssh_verify_host_key(struct sshkey *, struct ssh *);
39 struct sshkey *_ssh_host_public_key(int, int, struct ssh *);
40 struct sshkey *_ssh_host_private_key(int, int, struct ssh *);
41 int	_ssh_host_key_sign(struct sshkey *, struct sshkey *,
42     u_char **, size_t *, const u_char *, size_t, const char *, u_int);
43 
44 /*
45  * stubs for the server side implementation of kex.
46  * disable privsep so our stubs will never be called.
47  */
48 int	use_privsep = 0;
49 int	mm_sshkey_sign(struct sshkey *, u_char **, u_int *,
50     u_char *, u_int, char *, u_int);
51 DH	*mm_choose_dh(int, int, int);
52 
53 /* Define these two variables here so that they are part of the library */
54 u_char *session_id2 = NULL;
55 u_int session_id2_len = 0;
56 
57 int
mm_sshkey_sign(struct sshkey * key,u_char ** sigp,u_int * lenp,u_char * data,u_int datalen,char * alg,u_int compat)58 mm_sshkey_sign(struct sshkey *key, u_char **sigp, u_int *lenp,
59     u_char *data, u_int datalen, char *alg, u_int compat)
60 {
61 	return (-1);
62 }
63 
64 DH *
mm_choose_dh(int min,int nbits,int max)65 mm_choose_dh(int min, int nbits, int max)
66 {
67 	return (NULL);
68 }
69 
70 /* API */
71 
72 int
ssh_init(struct ssh ** sshp,int is_server,struct kex_params * kex_params)73 ssh_init(struct ssh **sshp, int is_server, struct kex_params *kex_params)
74 {
75         char *myproposal[PROPOSAL_MAX] = { KEX_CLIENT };
76 	struct ssh *ssh;
77 	char **proposal;
78 	static int called;
79 	int r;
80 
81 	if (!called) {
82 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
83 		OpenSSL_add_all_algorithms();
84 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
85 		called = 1;
86 	}
87 
88 	if ((ssh = ssh_packet_set_connection(NULL, -1, -1)) == NULL)
89 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
90 	if (is_server)
91 		ssh_packet_set_server(ssh);
92 
93 	/* Initialize key exchange */
94 	proposal = kex_params ? kex_params->proposal : myproposal;
95 	if ((r = kex_new(ssh, proposal, &ssh->kex)) != 0) {
96 		ssh_free(ssh);
97 		return r;
98 	}
99 	ssh->kex->server = is_server;
100 	if (is_server) {
101 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
102 		ssh->kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP1_SHA1] = kexdh_server;
103 		ssh->kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP14_SHA1] = kexdh_server;
104 		ssh->kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP14_SHA256] = kexdh_server;
105 		ssh->kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP16_SHA512] = kexdh_server;
106 		ssh->kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP18_SHA512] = kexdh_server;
107 		ssh->kex->kex[KEX_DH_GEX_SHA1] = kexgex_server;
108 		ssh->kex->kex[KEX_DH_GEX_SHA256] = kexgex_server;
109 # ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
110 		ssh->kex->kex[KEX_ECDH_SHA2] = kexecdh_server;
111 # endif
112 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
113 		ssh->kex->kex[KEX_C25519_SHA256] = kexc25519_server;
114 		ssh->kex->load_host_public_key=&_ssh_host_public_key;
115 		ssh->kex->load_host_private_key=&_ssh_host_private_key;
116 		ssh->kex->sign=&_ssh_host_key_sign;
117 	} else {
118 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
119 		ssh->kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP1_SHA1] = kexdh_client;
120 		ssh->kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP14_SHA1] = kexdh_client;
121 		ssh->kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP14_SHA256] = kexdh_client;
122 		ssh->kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP16_SHA512] = kexdh_client;
123 		ssh->kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP18_SHA512] = kexdh_client;
124 		ssh->kex->kex[KEX_DH_GEX_SHA1] = kexgex_client;
125 		ssh->kex->kex[KEX_DH_GEX_SHA256] = kexgex_client;
126 # ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
127 		ssh->kex->kex[KEX_ECDH_SHA2] = kexecdh_client;
128 # endif
129 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
130 		ssh->kex->kex[KEX_C25519_SHA256] = kexc25519_client;
131 		ssh->kex->verify_host_key =&_ssh_verify_host_key;
132 	}
133 	*sshp = ssh;
134 	return 0;
135 }
136 
137 void
ssh_free(struct ssh * ssh)138 ssh_free(struct ssh *ssh)
139 {
140 	struct key_entry *k;
141 
142 	ssh_packet_close(ssh);
143 	/*
144 	 * we've only created the public keys variants in case we
145 	 * are a acting as a server.
146 	 */
147 	while ((k = TAILQ_FIRST(&ssh->public_keys)) != NULL) {
148 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&ssh->public_keys, k, next);
149 		if (ssh->kex && ssh->kex->server)
150 			sshkey_free(k->key);
151 		free(k);
152 	}
153 	while ((k = TAILQ_FIRST(&ssh->private_keys)) != NULL) {
154 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&ssh->private_keys, k, next);
155 		free(k);
156 	}
157 	if (ssh->kex)
158 		kex_free(ssh->kex);
159 	free(ssh);
160 }
161 
162 void
ssh_set_app_data(struct ssh * ssh,void * app_data)163 ssh_set_app_data(struct ssh *ssh, void *app_data)
164 {
165 	ssh->app_data = app_data;
166 }
167 
168 void *
ssh_get_app_data(struct ssh * ssh)169 ssh_get_app_data(struct ssh *ssh)
170 {
171 	return ssh->app_data;
172 }
173 
174 /* Returns < 0 on error, 0 otherwise */
175 int
ssh_add_hostkey(struct ssh * ssh,struct sshkey * key)176 ssh_add_hostkey(struct ssh *ssh, struct sshkey *key)
177 {
178 	struct sshkey *pubkey = NULL;
179 	struct key_entry *k = NULL, *k_prv = NULL;
180 	int r;
181 
182 	if (ssh->kex->server) {
183 		if ((r = sshkey_from_private(key, &pubkey)) != 0)
184 			return r;
185 		if ((k = malloc(sizeof(*k))) == NULL ||
186 		    (k_prv = malloc(sizeof(*k_prv))) == NULL) {
187 			free(k);
188 			sshkey_free(pubkey);
189 			return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
190 		}
191 		k_prv->key = key;
192 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&ssh->private_keys, k_prv, next);
193 
194 		/* add the public key, too */
195 		k->key = pubkey;
196 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&ssh->public_keys, k, next);
197 		r = 0;
198 	} else {
199 		if ((k = malloc(sizeof(*k))) == NULL)
200 			return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
201 		k->key = key;
202 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&ssh->public_keys, k, next);
203 		r = 0;
204 	}
205 
206 	return r;
207 }
208 
209 int
ssh_set_verify_host_key_callback(struct ssh * ssh,int (* cb)(struct sshkey *,struct ssh *))210 ssh_set_verify_host_key_callback(struct ssh *ssh,
211     int (*cb)(struct sshkey *, struct ssh *))
212 {
213 	if (cb == NULL || ssh->kex == NULL)
214 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
215 
216 	ssh->kex->verify_host_key = cb;
217 
218 	return 0;
219 }
220 
221 int
ssh_input_append(struct ssh * ssh,const u_char * data,size_t len)222 ssh_input_append(struct ssh *ssh, const u_char *data, size_t len)
223 {
224 	return sshbuf_put(ssh_packet_get_input(ssh), data, len);
225 }
226 
227 int
ssh_packet_next(struct ssh * ssh,u_char * typep)228 ssh_packet_next(struct ssh *ssh, u_char *typep)
229 {
230 	int r;
231 	u_int32_t seqnr;
232 	u_char type;
233 
234 	/*
235 	 * Try to read a packet. Return SSH_MSG_NONE if no packet or not
236 	 * enough data.
237 	 */
238 	*typep = SSH_MSG_NONE;
239 	if (ssh->kex->client_version_string == NULL ||
240 	    ssh->kex->server_version_string == NULL)
241 		return _ssh_exchange_banner(ssh);
242 	/*
243 	 * If we enough data and a dispatch function then
244 	 * call the function and get the next packet.
245 	 * Otherwise return the packet type to the caller so it
246 	 * can decide how to go on.
247 	 *
248 	 * We will only call the dispatch function for:
249 	 *     20-29    Algorithm negotiation
250 	 *     30-49    Key exchange method specific (numbers can be reused for
251 	 *              different authentication methods)
252 	 */
253 	for (;;) {
254 		if ((r = ssh_packet_read_poll2(ssh, &type, &seqnr)) != 0)
255 			return r;
256 		if (type > 0 && type < DISPATCH_MAX &&
257 		    type >= SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT && type <= SSH2_MSG_TRANSPORT_MAX &&
258 		    ssh->dispatch[type] != NULL) {
259 			if ((r = (*ssh->dispatch[type])(type, seqnr, ssh)) != 0)
260 				return r;
261 		} else {
262 			*typep = type;
263 			return 0;
264 		}
265 	}
266 }
267 
268 const u_char *
ssh_packet_payload(struct ssh * ssh,size_t * lenp)269 ssh_packet_payload(struct ssh *ssh, size_t *lenp)
270 {
271 	return sshpkt_ptr(ssh, lenp);
272 }
273 
274 int
ssh_packet_put(struct ssh * ssh,int type,const u_char * data,size_t len)275 ssh_packet_put(struct ssh *ssh, int type, const u_char *data, size_t len)
276 {
277 	int r;
278 
279 	if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh, type)) != 0 ||
280 	    (r = sshpkt_put(ssh, data, len)) != 0 ||
281 	    (r = sshpkt_send(ssh)) != 0)
282 		return r;
283 	return 0;
284 }
285 
286 const u_char *
ssh_output_ptr(struct ssh * ssh,size_t * len)287 ssh_output_ptr(struct ssh *ssh, size_t *len)
288 {
289 	struct sshbuf *output = ssh_packet_get_output(ssh);
290 
291 	*len = sshbuf_len(output);
292 	return sshbuf_ptr(output);
293 }
294 
295 int
ssh_output_consume(struct ssh * ssh,size_t len)296 ssh_output_consume(struct ssh *ssh, size_t len)
297 {
298 	return sshbuf_consume(ssh_packet_get_output(ssh), len);
299 }
300 
301 int
ssh_output_space(struct ssh * ssh,size_t len)302 ssh_output_space(struct ssh *ssh, size_t len)
303 {
304 	return (0 == sshbuf_check_reserve(ssh_packet_get_output(ssh), len));
305 }
306 
307 int
ssh_input_space(struct ssh * ssh,size_t len)308 ssh_input_space(struct ssh *ssh, size_t len)
309 {
310 	return (0 == sshbuf_check_reserve(ssh_packet_get_input(ssh), len));
311 }
312 
313 /* Read other side's version identification. */
314 int
_ssh_read_banner(struct ssh * ssh,char ** bannerp)315 _ssh_read_banner(struct ssh *ssh, char **bannerp)
316 {
317 	struct sshbuf *input;
318 	const char *s;
319 	char buf[256], remote_version[256];	/* must be same size! */
320 	const char *mismatch = "Protocol mismatch.\r\n";
321 	int r, remote_major, remote_minor;
322 	size_t i, n, j, len;
323 
324 	*bannerp = NULL;
325 	input = ssh_packet_get_input(ssh);
326 	len = sshbuf_len(input);
327 	s = (const char *)sshbuf_ptr(input);
328 	for (j = n = 0;;) {
329 		for (i = 0; i < sizeof(buf) - 1; i++) {
330 			if (j >= len)
331 				return (0);
332 			buf[i] = s[j++];
333 			if (buf[i] == '\r') {
334 				buf[i] = '\n';
335 				buf[i + 1] = 0;
336 				continue;		/**XXX wait for \n */
337 			}
338 			if (buf[i] == '\n') {
339 				buf[i + 1] = 0;
340 				break;
341 			}
342 		}
343 		buf[sizeof(buf) - 1] = 0;
344 		if (strncmp(buf, "SSH-", 4) == 0)
345 			break;
346 		debug("ssh_exchange_identification: %s", buf);
347 		if (ssh->kex->server || ++n > 65536) {
348 			if ((r = sshbuf_put(ssh_packet_get_output(ssh),
349 			   mismatch, strlen(mismatch))) != 0)
350 				return r;
351 			return SSH_ERR_NO_PROTOCOL_VERSION;
352 		}
353 	}
354 	if ((r = sshbuf_consume(input, j)) != 0)
355 		return r;
356 
357 	/*
358 	 * Check that the versions match.  In future this might accept
359 	 * several versions and set appropriate flags to handle them.
360 	 */
361 	if (sscanf(buf, "SSH-%d.%d-%[^\n]\n",
362 	    &remote_major, &remote_minor, remote_version) != 3)
363 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
364 	debug("Remote protocol version %d.%d, remote software version %.100s",
365 	    remote_major, remote_minor, remote_version);
366 
367 	ssh->compat = compat_datafellows(remote_version);
368 	if  (remote_major == 1 && remote_minor == 99) {
369 		remote_major = 2;
370 		remote_minor = 0;
371 	}
372 	if (remote_major != 2)
373 		return SSH_ERR_PROTOCOL_MISMATCH;
374 	enable_compat20();
375 	chop(buf);
376 	debug("Remote version string %.100s", buf);
377 	if ((*bannerp = strdup(buf)) == NULL)
378 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
379 	return 0;
380 }
381 
382 /* Send our own protocol version identification. */
383 int
_ssh_send_banner(struct ssh * ssh,char ** bannerp)384 _ssh_send_banner(struct ssh *ssh, char **bannerp)
385 {
386 	char buf[256];
387 	int r;
388 
389 	snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "SSH-2.0-%.100s\r\n", SSH_VERSION);
390 	if ((r = sshbuf_put(ssh_packet_get_output(ssh), buf, strlen(buf))) != 0)
391 		return r;
392 	chop(buf);
393 	debug("Local version string %.100s", buf);
394 	if ((*bannerp = strdup(buf)) == NULL)
395 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
396 	return 0;
397 }
398 
399 int
_ssh_exchange_banner(struct ssh * ssh)400 _ssh_exchange_banner(struct ssh *ssh)
401 {
402 	struct kex *kex = ssh->kex;
403 	int r;
404 
405 	/*
406 	 * if _ssh_read_banner() cannot parse a full version string
407 	 * it will return NULL and we end up calling it again.
408 	 */
409 
410 	r = 0;
411 	if (kex->server) {
412 		if (kex->server_version_string == NULL)
413 			r = _ssh_send_banner(ssh, &kex->server_version_string);
414 		if (r == 0 &&
415 		    kex->server_version_string != NULL &&
416 		    kex->client_version_string == NULL)
417 			r = _ssh_read_banner(ssh, &kex->client_version_string);
418 	} else {
419 		if (kex->server_version_string == NULL)
420 			r = _ssh_read_banner(ssh, &kex->server_version_string);
421 		if (r == 0 &&
422 		    kex->server_version_string != NULL &&
423 		    kex->client_version_string == NULL)
424 			r = _ssh_send_banner(ssh, &kex->client_version_string);
425 	}
426 	if (r != 0)
427 		return r;
428 	/* start initial kex as soon as we have exchanged the banners */
429 	if (kex->server_version_string != NULL &&
430 	    kex->client_version_string != NULL) {
431 		if ((r = _ssh_order_hostkeyalgs(ssh)) != 0 ||
432 		    (r = kex_send_kexinit(ssh)) != 0)
433 			return r;
434 	}
435 	return 0;
436 }
437 
438 struct sshkey *
_ssh_host_public_key(int type,int nid,struct ssh * ssh)439 _ssh_host_public_key(int type, int nid, struct ssh *ssh)
440 {
441 	struct key_entry *k;
442 
443 	debug3("%s: need %d", __func__, type);
444 	TAILQ_FOREACH(k, &ssh->public_keys, next) {
445 		debug3("%s: check %s", __func__, sshkey_type(k->key));
446 		if (k->key->type == type &&
447 		    (type != KEY_ECDSA || k->key->ecdsa_nid == nid))
448 			return (k->key);
449 	}
450 	return (NULL);
451 }
452 
453 struct sshkey *
_ssh_host_private_key(int type,int nid,struct ssh * ssh)454 _ssh_host_private_key(int type, int nid, struct ssh *ssh)
455 {
456 	struct key_entry *k;
457 
458 	debug3("%s: need %d", __func__, type);
459 	TAILQ_FOREACH(k, &ssh->private_keys, next) {
460 		debug3("%s: check %s", __func__, sshkey_type(k->key));
461 		if (k->key->type == type &&
462 		    (type != KEY_ECDSA || k->key->ecdsa_nid == nid))
463 			return (k->key);
464 	}
465 	return (NULL);
466 }
467 
468 int
_ssh_verify_host_key(struct sshkey * hostkey,struct ssh * ssh)469 _ssh_verify_host_key(struct sshkey *hostkey, struct ssh *ssh)
470 {
471 	struct key_entry *k;
472 
473 	debug3("%s: need %s", __func__, sshkey_type(hostkey));
474 	TAILQ_FOREACH(k, &ssh->public_keys, next) {
475 		debug3("%s: check %s", __func__, sshkey_type(k->key));
476 		if (sshkey_equal_public(hostkey, k->key))
477 			return (0);	/* ok */
478 	}
479 	return (-1);	/* failed */
480 }
481 
482 /* offer hostkey algorithms in kexinit depending on registered keys */
483 int
_ssh_order_hostkeyalgs(struct ssh * ssh)484 _ssh_order_hostkeyalgs(struct ssh *ssh)
485 {
486 	struct key_entry *k;
487 	char *orig, *avail, *oavail = NULL, *alg, *replace = NULL;
488 	char **proposal;
489 	size_t maxlen;
490 	int ktype, r;
491 
492 	/* XXX we de-serialize ssh->kex->my, modify it, and change it */
493 	if ((r = kex_buf2prop(ssh->kex->my, NULL, &proposal)) != 0)
494 		return r;
495 	orig = proposal[PROPOSAL_SERVER_HOST_KEY_ALGS];
496 	if ((oavail = avail = strdup(orig)) == NULL) {
497 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
498 		goto out;
499 	}
500 	maxlen = strlen(avail) + 1;
501 	if ((replace = calloc(1, maxlen)) == NULL) {
502 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
503 		goto out;
504 	}
505 	*replace = '\0';
506 	while ((alg = strsep(&avail, ",")) && *alg != '\0') {
507 		if ((ktype = sshkey_type_from_name(alg)) == KEY_UNSPEC)
508 			continue;
509 		TAILQ_FOREACH(k, &ssh->public_keys, next) {
510 			if (k->key->type == ktype ||
511 			    (sshkey_is_cert(k->key) && k->key->type ==
512 			    sshkey_type_plain(ktype))) {
513 				if (*replace != '\0')
514 					strlcat(replace, ",", maxlen);
515 				strlcat(replace, alg, maxlen);
516 				break;
517 			}
518 		}
519 	}
520 	if (*replace != '\0') {
521 		debug2("%s: orig/%d    %s", __func__, ssh->kex->server, orig);
522 		debug2("%s: replace/%d %s", __func__, ssh->kex->server, replace);
523 		free(orig);
524 		proposal[PROPOSAL_SERVER_HOST_KEY_ALGS] = replace;
525 		replace = NULL;	/* owned by proposal */
526 		r = kex_prop2buf(ssh->kex->my, proposal);
527 	}
528  out:
529 	free(oavail);
530 	free(replace);
531 	kex_prop_free(proposal);
532 	return r;
533 }
534 
535 int
_ssh_host_key_sign(struct sshkey * privkey,struct sshkey * pubkey,u_char ** signature,size_t * slen,const u_char * data,size_t dlen,const char * alg,u_int compat)536 _ssh_host_key_sign(struct sshkey *privkey, struct sshkey *pubkey,
537     u_char **signature, size_t *slen, const u_char *data, size_t dlen,
538     const char *alg, u_int compat)
539 {
540 	return sshkey_sign(privkey, signature, slen, data, dlen, alg, compat);
541 }
542