1 /* 2 * Copyright 2012 Google Inc. 3 * 4 * Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be 5 * found in the LICENSE file. 6 */ 7 8 #ifndef SkWeakRefCnt_DEFINED 9 #define SkWeakRefCnt_DEFINED 10 11 #include "SkRefCnt.h" 12 #include <atomic> 13 14 /** \class SkWeakRefCnt 15 16 SkWeakRefCnt is the base class for objects that may be shared by multiple 17 objects. When an existing strong owner wants to share a reference, it calls 18 ref(). When a strong owner wants to release its reference, it calls 19 unref(). When the shared object's strong reference count goes to zero as 20 the result of an unref() call, its (virtual) weak_dispose method is called. 21 It is an error for the destructor to be called explicitly (or via the 22 object going out of scope on the stack or calling delete) if 23 getRefCnt() > 1. 24 25 In addition to strong ownership, an owner may instead obtain a weak 26 reference by calling weak_ref(). A call to weak_ref() must be balanced by a 27 call to weak_unref(). To obtain a strong reference from a weak reference, 28 call try_ref(). If try_ref() returns true, the owner's pointer is now also 29 a strong reference on which unref() must be called. Note that this does not 30 affect the original weak reference, weak_unref() must still be called. When 31 the weak reference count goes to zero, the object is deleted. While the 32 weak reference count is positive and the strong reference count is zero the 33 object still exists, but will be in the disposed state. It is up to the 34 object to define what this means. 35 36 Note that a strong reference implicitly implies a weak reference. As a 37 result, it is allowable for the owner of a strong ref to call try_ref(). 38 This will have the same effect as calling ref(), but may be more expensive. 39 40 Example: 41 42 SkWeakRefCnt myRef = strongRef.weak_ref(); 43 ... // strongRef.unref() may or may not be called 44 if (myRef.try_ref()) { 45 ... // use myRef 46 myRef.unref(); 47 } else { 48 // myRef is in the disposed state 49 } 50 myRef.weak_unref(); 51 */ 52 class SK_API SkWeakRefCnt : public SkRefCnt { 53 public: 54 /** Default construct, initializing the reference counts to 1. 55 The strong references collectively hold one weak reference. When the 56 strong reference count goes to zero, the collectively held weak 57 reference is released. 58 */ SkWeakRefCnt()59 SkWeakRefCnt() : SkRefCnt(), fWeakCnt(1) {} 60 61 /** Destruct, asserting that the weak reference count is 1. 62 */ ~SkWeakRefCnt()63 ~SkWeakRefCnt() override { 64 #ifdef SK_DEBUG 65 SkASSERT(getWeakCnt() == 1); 66 fWeakCnt.store(0, std::memory_order_relaxed); 67 #endif 68 } 69 70 #ifdef SK_DEBUG 71 /** Return the weak reference count. */ getWeakCnt()72 int32_t getWeakCnt() const { 73 return fWeakCnt.load(std::memory_order_relaxed); 74 } 75 validate()76 void validate() const { 77 this->INHERITED::validate(); 78 SkASSERT(getWeakCnt() > 0); 79 } 80 #endif 81 82 private: 83 /** If fRefCnt is 0, returns 0. 84 * Otherwise increments fRefCnt, acquires, and returns the old value. 85 */ atomic_conditional_acquire_strong_ref()86 int32_t atomic_conditional_acquire_strong_ref() const { 87 int32_t prev = fRefCnt.load(std::memory_order_relaxed); 88 do { 89 if (0 == prev) { 90 break; 91 } 92 } while(!fRefCnt.compare_exchange_weak(prev, prev+1, std::memory_order_acquire, 93 std::memory_order_relaxed)); 94 return prev; 95 } 96 97 public: 98 /** Creates a strong reference from a weak reference, if possible. The 99 caller must already be an owner. If try_ref() returns true the owner 100 is in posession of an additional strong reference. Both the original 101 reference and new reference must be properly unreferenced. If try_ref() 102 returns false, no strong reference could be created and the owner's 103 reference is in the same state as before the call. 104 */ try_ref()105 bool SK_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT try_ref() const { 106 if (atomic_conditional_acquire_strong_ref() != 0) { 107 // Acquire barrier (L/SL), if not provided above. 108 // Prevents subsequent code from happening before the increment. 109 return true; 110 } 111 return false; 112 } 113 114 /** Increment the weak reference count. Must be balanced by a call to 115 weak_unref(). 116 */ weak_ref()117 void weak_ref() const { 118 SkASSERT(getRefCnt() > 0); 119 SkASSERT(getWeakCnt() > 0); 120 // No barrier required. 121 (void)fWeakCnt.fetch_add(+1, std::memory_order_relaxed); 122 } 123 124 /** Decrement the weak reference count. If the weak reference count is 1 125 before the decrement, then call delete on the object. Note that if this 126 is the case, then the object needs to have been allocated via new, and 127 not on the stack. 128 */ weak_unref()129 void weak_unref() const { 130 SkASSERT(getWeakCnt() > 0); 131 // A release here acts in place of all releases we "should" have been doing in ref(). 132 if (1 == fWeakCnt.fetch_add(-1, std::memory_order_acq_rel)) { 133 // Like try_ref(), the acquire is only needed on success, to make sure 134 // code in internal_dispose() doesn't happen before the decrement. 135 #ifdef SK_DEBUG 136 // so our destructor won't complain 137 fWeakCnt.store(1, std::memory_order_relaxed); 138 #endif 139 this->INHERITED::internal_dispose(); 140 } 141 } 142 143 /** Returns true if there are no strong references to the object. When this 144 is the case all future calls to try_ref() will return false. 145 */ weak_expired()146 bool weak_expired() const { 147 return fRefCnt.load(std::memory_order_relaxed) == 0; 148 } 149 150 protected: 151 /** Called when the strong reference count goes to zero. This allows the 152 object to free any resources it may be holding. Weak references may 153 still exist and their level of allowed access to the object is defined 154 by the object's class. 155 */ weak_dispose()156 virtual void weak_dispose() const { 157 } 158 159 private: 160 /** Called when the strong reference count goes to zero. Calls weak_dispose 161 on the object and releases the implicit weak reference held 162 collectively by the strong references. 163 */ internal_dispose()164 void internal_dispose() const override { 165 weak_dispose(); 166 weak_unref(); 167 } 168 169 /* Invariant: fWeakCnt = #weak + (fRefCnt > 0 ? 1 : 0) */ 170 mutable std::atomic<int32_t> fWeakCnt; 171 172 typedef SkRefCnt INHERITED; 173 }; 174 175 #endif 176