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1 // © 2016 and later: Unicode, Inc. and others.
2 // License & terms of use: http://www.unicode.org/copyright.html
3 /*
4 *******************************************************************************
5 *
6 *   Copyright (C) 1999-2012, International Business Machines
7 *   Corporation and others.  All Rights Reserved.
8 *
9 *******************************************************************************
10 *   file name:  utf16.h
11 *   encoding:   UTF-8
12 *   tab size:   8 (not used)
13 *   indentation:4
14 *
15 *   created on: 1999sep09
16 *   created by: Markus W. Scherer
17 */
18 
19 /**
20  * \file
21  * \brief C API: 16-bit Unicode handling macros
22  *
23  * This file defines macros to deal with 16-bit Unicode (UTF-16) code units and strings.
24  *
25  * For more information see utf.h and the ICU User Guide Strings chapter
26  * (http://userguide.icu-project.org/strings).
27  *
28  * <em>Usage:</em>
29  * ICU coding guidelines for if() statements should be followed when using these macros.
30  * Compound statements (curly braces {}) must be used  for if-else-while...
31  * bodies and all macro statements should be terminated with semicolon.
32  */
33 
34 #ifndef __UTF16_H__
35 #define __UTF16_H__
36 
37 #include "unicode/umachine.h"
38 #ifndef __UTF_H__
39 #   include "unicode/utf.h"
40 #endif
41 
42 /* single-code point definitions -------------------------------------------- */
43 
44 /**
45  * Does this code unit alone encode a code point (BMP, not a surrogate)?
46  * @param c 16-bit code unit
47  * @return TRUE or FALSE
48  * @stable ICU 2.4
49  */
50 #define U16_IS_SINGLE(c) !U_IS_SURROGATE(c)
51 
52 /**
53  * Is this code unit a lead surrogate (U+d800..U+dbff)?
54  * @param c 16-bit code unit
55  * @return TRUE or FALSE
56  * @stable ICU 2.4
57  */
58 #define U16_IS_LEAD(c) (((c)&0xfffffc00)==0xd800)
59 
60 /**
61  * Is this code unit a trail surrogate (U+dc00..U+dfff)?
62  * @param c 16-bit code unit
63  * @return TRUE or FALSE
64  * @stable ICU 2.4
65  */
66 #define U16_IS_TRAIL(c) (((c)&0xfffffc00)==0xdc00)
67 
68 /**
69  * Is this code unit a surrogate (U+d800..U+dfff)?
70  * @param c 16-bit code unit
71  * @return TRUE or FALSE
72  * @stable ICU 2.4
73  */
74 #define U16_IS_SURROGATE(c) U_IS_SURROGATE(c)
75 
76 /**
77  * Assuming c is a surrogate code point (U16_IS_SURROGATE(c)),
78  * is it a lead surrogate?
79  * @param c 16-bit code unit
80  * @return TRUE or FALSE
81  * @stable ICU 2.4
82  */
83 #define U16_IS_SURROGATE_LEAD(c) (((c)&0x400)==0)
84 
85 /**
86  * Assuming c is a surrogate code point (U16_IS_SURROGATE(c)),
87  * is it a trail surrogate?
88  * @param c 16-bit code unit
89  * @return TRUE or FALSE
90  * @stable ICU 4.2
91  */
92 #define U16_IS_SURROGATE_TRAIL(c) (((c)&0x400)!=0)
93 
94 /**
95  * Helper constant for U16_GET_SUPPLEMENTARY.
96  * @internal
97  */
98 #define U16_SURROGATE_OFFSET ((0xd800<<10UL)+0xdc00-0x10000)
99 
100 /**
101  * Get a supplementary code point value (U+10000..U+10ffff)
102  * from its lead and trail surrogates.
103  * The result is undefined if the input values are not
104  * lead and trail surrogates.
105  *
106  * @param lead lead surrogate (U+d800..U+dbff)
107  * @param trail trail surrogate (U+dc00..U+dfff)
108  * @return supplementary code point (U+10000..U+10ffff)
109  * @stable ICU 2.4
110  */
111 #define U16_GET_SUPPLEMENTARY(lead, trail) \
112     (((UChar32)(lead)<<10UL)+(UChar32)(trail)-U16_SURROGATE_OFFSET)
113 
114 
115 /**
116  * Get the lead surrogate (0xd800..0xdbff) for a
117  * supplementary code point (0x10000..0x10ffff).
118  * @param supplementary 32-bit code point (U+10000..U+10ffff)
119  * @return lead surrogate (U+d800..U+dbff) for supplementary
120  * @stable ICU 2.4
121  */
122 #define U16_LEAD(supplementary) (UChar)(((supplementary)>>10)+0xd7c0)
123 
124 /**
125  * Get the trail surrogate (0xdc00..0xdfff) for a
126  * supplementary code point (0x10000..0x10ffff).
127  * @param supplementary 32-bit code point (U+10000..U+10ffff)
128  * @return trail surrogate (U+dc00..U+dfff) for supplementary
129  * @stable ICU 2.4
130  */
131 #define U16_TRAIL(supplementary) (UChar)(((supplementary)&0x3ff)|0xdc00)
132 
133 /**
134  * How many 16-bit code units are used to encode this Unicode code point? (1 or 2)
135  * The result is not defined if c is not a Unicode code point (U+0000..U+10ffff).
136  * @param c 32-bit code point
137  * @return 1 or 2
138  * @stable ICU 2.4
139  */
140 #define U16_LENGTH(c) ((uint32_t)(c)<=0xffff ? 1 : 2)
141 
142 /**
143  * The maximum number of 16-bit code units per Unicode code point (U+0000..U+10ffff).
144  * @return 2
145  * @stable ICU 2.4
146  */
147 #define U16_MAX_LENGTH 2
148 
149 /**
150  * Get a code point from a string at a random-access offset,
151  * without changing the offset.
152  * "Unsafe" macro, assumes well-formed UTF-16.
153  *
154  * The offset may point to either the lead or trail surrogate unit
155  * for a supplementary code point, in which case the macro will read
156  * the adjacent matching surrogate as well.
157  * The result is undefined if the offset points to a single, unpaired surrogate.
158  * Iteration through a string is more efficient with U16_NEXT_UNSAFE or U16_NEXT.
159  *
160  * @param s const UChar * string
161  * @param i string offset
162  * @param c output UChar32 variable
163  * @see U16_GET
164  * @stable ICU 2.4
165  */
166 #define U16_GET_UNSAFE(s, i, c) { \
167     (c)=(s)[i]; \
168     if(U16_IS_SURROGATE(c)) { \
169         if(U16_IS_SURROGATE_LEAD(c)) { \
170             (c)=U16_GET_SUPPLEMENTARY((c), (s)[(i)+1]); \
171         } else { \
172             (c)=U16_GET_SUPPLEMENTARY((s)[(i)-1], (c)); \
173         } \
174     } \
175 }
176 
177 /**
178  * Get a code point from a string at a random-access offset,
179  * without changing the offset.
180  * "Safe" macro, handles unpaired surrogates and checks for string boundaries.
181  *
182  * The offset may point to either the lead or trail surrogate unit
183  * for a supplementary code point, in which case the macro will read
184  * the adjacent matching surrogate as well.
185  *
186  * The length can be negative for a NUL-terminated string.
187  *
188  * If the offset points to a single, unpaired surrogate, then
189  * c is set to that unpaired surrogate.
190  * Iteration through a string is more efficient with U16_NEXT_UNSAFE or U16_NEXT.
191  *
192  * @param s const UChar * string
193  * @param start starting string offset (usually 0)
194  * @param i string offset, must be start<=i<length
195  * @param length string length
196  * @param c output UChar32 variable
197  * @see U16_GET_UNSAFE
198  * @stable ICU 2.4
199  */
200 #define U16_GET(s, start, i, length, c) { \
201     (c)=(s)[i]; \
202     if(U16_IS_SURROGATE(c)) { \
203         uint16_t __c2; \
204         if(U16_IS_SURROGATE_LEAD(c)) { \
205             if((i)+1!=(length) && U16_IS_TRAIL(__c2=(s)[(i)+1])) { \
206                 (c)=U16_GET_SUPPLEMENTARY((c), __c2); \
207             } \
208         } else { \
209             if((i)>(start) && U16_IS_LEAD(__c2=(s)[(i)-1])) { \
210                 (c)=U16_GET_SUPPLEMENTARY(__c2, (c)); \
211             } \
212         } \
213     } \
214 }
215 
216 #ifndef U_HIDE_DRAFT_API
217 
218 /**
219  * Get a code point from a string at a random-access offset,
220  * without changing the offset.
221  * "Safe" macro, handles unpaired surrogates and checks for string boundaries.
222  *
223  * The offset may point to either the lead or trail surrogate unit
224  * for a supplementary code point, in which case the macro will read
225  * the adjacent matching surrogate as well.
226  *
227  * The length can be negative for a NUL-terminated string.
228  *
229  * If the offset points to a single, unpaired surrogate, then
230  * c is set to U+FFFD.
231  * Iteration through a string is more efficient with U16_NEXT_UNSAFE or U16_NEXT_OR_FFFD.
232  *
233  * @param s const UChar * string
234  * @param start starting string offset (usually 0)
235  * @param i string offset, must be start<=i<length
236  * @param length string length
237  * @param c output UChar32 variable
238  * @see U16_GET_UNSAFE
239  * @draft ICU 60
240  */
241 #define U16_GET_OR_FFFD(s, start, i, length, c) { \
242     (c)=(s)[i]; \
243     if(U16_IS_SURROGATE(c)) { \
244         uint16_t __c2; \
245         if(U16_IS_SURROGATE_LEAD(c)) { \
246             if((i)+1!=(length) && U16_IS_TRAIL(__c2=(s)[(i)+1])) { \
247                 (c)=U16_GET_SUPPLEMENTARY((c), __c2); \
248             } else { \
249                 (c)=0xfffd; \
250             } \
251         } else { \
252             if((i)>(start) && U16_IS_LEAD(__c2=(s)[(i)-1])) { \
253                 (c)=U16_GET_SUPPLEMENTARY(__c2, (c)); \
254             } else { \
255                 (c)=0xfffd; \
256             } \
257         } \
258     } \
259 }
260 
261 #endif  // U_HIDE_DRAFT_API
262 
263 /* definitions with forward iteration --------------------------------------- */
264 
265 /**
266  * Get a code point from a string at a code point boundary offset,
267  * and advance the offset to the next code point boundary.
268  * (Post-incrementing forward iteration.)
269  * "Unsafe" macro, assumes well-formed UTF-16.
270  *
271  * The offset may point to the lead surrogate unit
272  * for a supplementary code point, in which case the macro will read
273  * the following trail surrogate as well.
274  * If the offset points to a trail surrogate, then that itself
275  * will be returned as the code point.
276  * The result is undefined if the offset points to a single, unpaired lead surrogate.
277  *
278  * @param s const UChar * string
279  * @param i string offset
280  * @param c output UChar32 variable
281  * @see U16_NEXT
282  * @stable ICU 2.4
283  */
284 #define U16_NEXT_UNSAFE(s, i, c) { \
285     (c)=(s)[(i)++]; \
286     if(U16_IS_LEAD(c)) { \
287         (c)=U16_GET_SUPPLEMENTARY((c), (s)[(i)++]); \
288     } \
289 }
290 
291 /**
292  * Get a code point from a string at a code point boundary offset,
293  * and advance the offset to the next code point boundary.
294  * (Post-incrementing forward iteration.)
295  * "Safe" macro, handles unpaired surrogates and checks for string boundaries.
296  *
297  * The length can be negative for a NUL-terminated string.
298  *
299  * The offset may point to the lead surrogate unit
300  * for a supplementary code point, in which case the macro will read
301  * the following trail surrogate as well.
302  * If the offset points to a trail surrogate or
303  * to a single, unpaired lead surrogate, then c is set to that unpaired surrogate.
304  *
305  * @param s const UChar * string
306  * @param i string offset, must be i<length
307  * @param length string length
308  * @param c output UChar32 variable
309  * @see U16_NEXT_UNSAFE
310  * @stable ICU 2.4
311  */
312 #define U16_NEXT(s, i, length, c) { \
313     (c)=(s)[(i)++]; \
314     if(U16_IS_LEAD(c)) { \
315         uint16_t __c2; \
316         if((i)!=(length) && U16_IS_TRAIL(__c2=(s)[(i)])) { \
317             ++(i); \
318             (c)=U16_GET_SUPPLEMENTARY((c), __c2); \
319         } \
320     } \
321 }
322 
323 #ifndef U_HIDE_DRAFT_API
324 
325 /**
326  * Get a code point from a string at a code point boundary offset,
327  * and advance the offset to the next code point boundary.
328  * (Post-incrementing forward iteration.)
329  * "Safe" macro, handles unpaired surrogates and checks for string boundaries.
330  *
331  * The length can be negative for a NUL-terminated string.
332  *
333  * The offset may point to the lead surrogate unit
334  * for a supplementary code point, in which case the macro will read
335  * the following trail surrogate as well.
336  * If the offset points to a trail surrogate or
337  * to a single, unpaired lead surrogate, then c is set to U+FFFD.
338  *
339  * @param s const UChar * string
340  * @param i string offset, must be i<length
341  * @param length string length
342  * @param c output UChar32 variable
343  * @see U16_NEXT_UNSAFE
344  * @draft ICU 60
345  */
346 #define U16_NEXT_OR_FFFD(s, i, length, c) { \
347     (c)=(s)[(i)++]; \
348     if(U16_IS_SURROGATE(c)) { \
349         uint16_t __c2; \
350         if(U16_IS_SURROGATE_LEAD(c) && (i)!=(length) && U16_IS_TRAIL(__c2=(s)[(i)])) { \
351             ++(i); \
352             (c)=U16_GET_SUPPLEMENTARY((c), __c2); \
353         } else { \
354             (c)=0xfffd; \
355         } \
356     } \
357 }
358 
359 #endif  // U_HIDE_DRAFT_API
360 
361 /**
362  * Append a code point to a string, overwriting 1 or 2 code units.
363  * The offset points to the current end of the string contents
364  * and is advanced (post-increment).
365  * "Unsafe" macro, assumes a valid code point and sufficient space in the string.
366  * Otherwise, the result is undefined.
367  *
368  * @param s const UChar * string buffer
369  * @param i string offset
370  * @param c code point to append
371  * @see U16_APPEND
372  * @stable ICU 2.4
373  */
374 #define U16_APPEND_UNSAFE(s, i, c) { \
375     if((uint32_t)(c)<=0xffff) { \
376         (s)[(i)++]=(uint16_t)(c); \
377     } else { \
378         (s)[(i)++]=(uint16_t)(((c)>>10)+0xd7c0); \
379         (s)[(i)++]=(uint16_t)(((c)&0x3ff)|0xdc00); \
380     } \
381 }
382 
383 /**
384  * Append a code point to a string, overwriting 1 or 2 code units.
385  * The offset points to the current end of the string contents
386  * and is advanced (post-increment).
387  * "Safe" macro, checks for a valid code point.
388  * If a surrogate pair is written, checks for sufficient space in the string.
389  * If the code point is not valid or a trail surrogate does not fit,
390  * then isError is set to TRUE.
391  *
392  * @param s const UChar * string buffer
393  * @param i string offset, must be i<capacity
394  * @param capacity size of the string buffer
395  * @param c code point to append
396  * @param isError output UBool set to TRUE if an error occurs, otherwise not modified
397  * @see U16_APPEND_UNSAFE
398  * @stable ICU 2.4
399  */
400 #define U16_APPEND(s, i, capacity, c, isError) { \
401     if((uint32_t)(c)<=0xffff) { \
402         (s)[(i)++]=(uint16_t)(c); \
403     } else if((uint32_t)(c)<=0x10ffff && (i)+1<(capacity)) { \
404         (s)[(i)++]=(uint16_t)(((c)>>10)+0xd7c0); \
405         (s)[(i)++]=(uint16_t)(((c)&0x3ff)|0xdc00); \
406     } else /* c>0x10ffff or not enough space */ { \
407         (isError)=TRUE; \
408     } \
409 }
410 
411 /**
412  * Advance the string offset from one code point boundary to the next.
413  * (Post-incrementing iteration.)
414  * "Unsafe" macro, assumes well-formed UTF-16.
415  *
416  * @param s const UChar * string
417  * @param i string offset
418  * @see U16_FWD_1
419  * @stable ICU 2.4
420  */
421 #define U16_FWD_1_UNSAFE(s, i) { \
422     if(U16_IS_LEAD((s)[(i)++])) { \
423         ++(i); \
424     } \
425 }
426 
427 /**
428  * Advance the string offset from one code point boundary to the next.
429  * (Post-incrementing iteration.)
430  * "Safe" macro, handles unpaired surrogates and checks for string boundaries.
431  *
432  * The length can be negative for a NUL-terminated string.
433  *
434  * @param s const UChar * string
435  * @param i string offset, must be i<length
436  * @param length string length
437  * @see U16_FWD_1_UNSAFE
438  * @stable ICU 2.4
439  */
440 #define U16_FWD_1(s, i, length) { \
441     if(U16_IS_LEAD((s)[(i)++]) && (i)!=(length) && U16_IS_TRAIL((s)[i])) { \
442         ++(i); \
443     } \
444 }
445 
446 /**
447  * Advance the string offset from one code point boundary to the n-th next one,
448  * i.e., move forward by n code points.
449  * (Post-incrementing iteration.)
450  * "Unsafe" macro, assumes well-formed UTF-16.
451  *
452  * @param s const UChar * string
453  * @param i string offset
454  * @param n number of code points to skip
455  * @see U16_FWD_N
456  * @stable ICU 2.4
457  */
458 #define U16_FWD_N_UNSAFE(s, i, n) { \
459     int32_t __N=(n); \
460     while(__N>0) { \
461         U16_FWD_1_UNSAFE(s, i); \
462         --__N; \
463     } \
464 }
465 
466 /**
467  * Advance the string offset from one code point boundary to the n-th next one,
468  * i.e., move forward by n code points.
469  * (Post-incrementing iteration.)
470  * "Safe" macro, handles unpaired surrogates and checks for string boundaries.
471  *
472  * The length can be negative for a NUL-terminated string.
473  *
474  * @param s const UChar * string
475  * @param i int32_t string offset, must be i<length
476  * @param length int32_t string length
477  * @param n number of code points to skip
478  * @see U16_FWD_N_UNSAFE
479  * @stable ICU 2.4
480  */
481 #define U16_FWD_N(s, i, length, n) { \
482     int32_t __N=(n); \
483     while(__N>0 && ((i)<(length) || ((length)<0 && (s)[i]!=0))) { \
484         U16_FWD_1(s, i, length); \
485         --__N; \
486     } \
487 }
488 
489 /**
490  * Adjust a random-access offset to a code point boundary
491  * at the start of a code point.
492  * If the offset points to the trail surrogate of a surrogate pair,
493  * then the offset is decremented.
494  * Otherwise, it is not modified.
495  * "Unsafe" macro, assumes well-formed UTF-16.
496  *
497  * @param s const UChar * string
498  * @param i string offset
499  * @see U16_SET_CP_START
500  * @stable ICU 2.4
501  */
502 #define U16_SET_CP_START_UNSAFE(s, i) { \
503     if(U16_IS_TRAIL((s)[i])) { \
504         --(i); \
505     } \
506 }
507 
508 /**
509  * Adjust a random-access offset to a code point boundary
510  * at the start of a code point.
511  * If the offset points to the trail surrogate of a surrogate pair,
512  * then the offset is decremented.
513  * Otherwise, it is not modified.
514  * "Safe" macro, handles unpaired surrogates and checks for string boundaries.
515  *
516  * @param s const UChar * string
517  * @param start starting string offset (usually 0)
518  * @param i string offset, must be start<=i
519  * @see U16_SET_CP_START_UNSAFE
520  * @stable ICU 2.4
521  */
522 #define U16_SET_CP_START(s, start, i) { \
523     if(U16_IS_TRAIL((s)[i]) && (i)>(start) && U16_IS_LEAD((s)[(i)-1])) { \
524         --(i); \
525     } \
526 }
527 
528 /* definitions with backward iteration -------------------------------------- */
529 
530 /**
531  * Move the string offset from one code point boundary to the previous one
532  * and get the code point between them.
533  * (Pre-decrementing backward iteration.)
534  * "Unsafe" macro, assumes well-formed UTF-16.
535  *
536  * The input offset may be the same as the string length.
537  * If the offset is behind a trail surrogate unit
538  * for a supplementary code point, then the macro will read
539  * the preceding lead surrogate as well.
540  * If the offset is behind a lead surrogate, then that itself
541  * will be returned as the code point.
542  * The result is undefined if the offset is behind a single, unpaired trail surrogate.
543  *
544  * @param s const UChar * string
545  * @param i string offset
546  * @param c output UChar32 variable
547  * @see U16_PREV
548  * @stable ICU 2.4
549  */
550 #define U16_PREV_UNSAFE(s, i, c) { \
551     (c)=(s)[--(i)]; \
552     if(U16_IS_TRAIL(c)) { \
553         (c)=U16_GET_SUPPLEMENTARY((s)[--(i)], (c)); \
554     } \
555 }
556 
557 /**
558  * Move the string offset from one code point boundary to the previous one
559  * and get the code point between them.
560  * (Pre-decrementing backward iteration.)
561  * "Safe" macro, handles unpaired surrogates and checks for string boundaries.
562  *
563  * The input offset may be the same as the string length.
564  * If the offset is behind a trail surrogate unit
565  * for a supplementary code point, then the macro will read
566  * the preceding lead surrogate as well.
567  * If the offset is behind a lead surrogate or behind a single, unpaired
568  * trail surrogate, then c is set to that unpaired surrogate.
569  *
570  * @param s const UChar * string
571  * @param start starting string offset (usually 0)
572  * @param i string offset, must be start<i
573  * @param c output UChar32 variable
574  * @see U16_PREV_UNSAFE
575  * @stable ICU 2.4
576  */
577 #define U16_PREV(s, start, i, c) { \
578     (c)=(s)[--(i)]; \
579     if(U16_IS_TRAIL(c)) { \
580         uint16_t __c2; \
581         if((i)>(start) && U16_IS_LEAD(__c2=(s)[(i)-1])) { \
582             --(i); \
583             (c)=U16_GET_SUPPLEMENTARY(__c2, (c)); \
584         } \
585     } \
586 }
587 
588 #ifndef U_HIDE_DRAFT_API
589 
590 /**
591  * Move the string offset from one code point boundary to the previous one
592  * and get the code point between them.
593  * (Pre-decrementing backward iteration.)
594  * "Safe" macro, handles unpaired surrogates and checks for string boundaries.
595  *
596  * The input offset may be the same as the string length.
597  * If the offset is behind a trail surrogate unit
598  * for a supplementary code point, then the macro will read
599  * the preceding lead surrogate as well.
600  * If the offset is behind a lead surrogate or behind a single, unpaired
601  * trail surrogate, then c is set to U+FFFD.
602  *
603  * @param s const UChar * string
604  * @param start starting string offset (usually 0)
605  * @param i string offset, must be start<i
606  * @param c output UChar32 variable
607  * @see U16_PREV_UNSAFE
608  * @draft ICU 60
609  */
610 #define U16_PREV_OR_FFFD(s, start, i, c) { \
611     (c)=(s)[--(i)]; \
612     if(U16_IS_SURROGATE(c)) { \
613         uint16_t __c2; \
614         if(U16_IS_SURROGATE_TRAIL(c) && (i)>(start) && U16_IS_LEAD(__c2=(s)[(i)-1])) { \
615             --(i); \
616             (c)=U16_GET_SUPPLEMENTARY(__c2, (c)); \
617         } else { \
618             (c)=0xfffd; \
619         } \
620     } \
621 }
622 
623 #endif  // U_HIDE_DRAFT_API
624 
625 /**
626  * Move the string offset from one code point boundary to the previous one.
627  * (Pre-decrementing backward iteration.)
628  * The input offset may be the same as the string length.
629  * "Unsafe" macro, assumes well-formed UTF-16.
630  *
631  * @param s const UChar * string
632  * @param i string offset
633  * @see U16_BACK_1
634  * @stable ICU 2.4
635  */
636 #define U16_BACK_1_UNSAFE(s, i) { \
637     if(U16_IS_TRAIL((s)[--(i)])) { \
638         --(i); \
639     } \
640 }
641 
642 /**
643  * Move the string offset from one code point boundary to the previous one.
644  * (Pre-decrementing backward iteration.)
645  * The input offset may be the same as the string length.
646  * "Safe" macro, handles unpaired surrogates and checks for string boundaries.
647  *
648  * @param s const UChar * string
649  * @param start starting string offset (usually 0)
650  * @param i string offset, must be start<i
651  * @see U16_BACK_1_UNSAFE
652  * @stable ICU 2.4
653  */
654 #define U16_BACK_1(s, start, i) { \
655     if(U16_IS_TRAIL((s)[--(i)]) && (i)>(start) && U16_IS_LEAD((s)[(i)-1])) { \
656         --(i); \
657     } \
658 }
659 
660 /**
661  * Move the string offset from one code point boundary to the n-th one before it,
662  * i.e., move backward by n code points.
663  * (Pre-decrementing backward iteration.)
664  * The input offset may be the same as the string length.
665  * "Unsafe" macro, assumes well-formed UTF-16.
666  *
667  * @param s const UChar * string
668  * @param i string offset
669  * @param n number of code points to skip
670  * @see U16_BACK_N
671  * @stable ICU 2.4
672  */
673 #define U16_BACK_N_UNSAFE(s, i, n) { \
674     int32_t __N=(n); \
675     while(__N>0) { \
676         U16_BACK_1_UNSAFE(s, i); \
677         --__N; \
678     } \
679 }
680 
681 /**
682  * Move the string offset from one code point boundary to the n-th one before it,
683  * i.e., move backward by n code points.
684  * (Pre-decrementing backward iteration.)
685  * The input offset may be the same as the string length.
686  * "Safe" macro, handles unpaired surrogates and checks for string boundaries.
687  *
688  * @param s const UChar * string
689  * @param start start of string
690  * @param i string offset, must be start<i
691  * @param n number of code points to skip
692  * @see U16_BACK_N_UNSAFE
693  * @stable ICU 2.4
694  */
695 #define U16_BACK_N(s, start, i, n) { \
696     int32_t __N=(n); \
697     while(__N>0 && (i)>(start)) { \
698         U16_BACK_1(s, start, i); \
699         --__N; \
700     } \
701 }
702 
703 /**
704  * Adjust a random-access offset to a code point boundary after a code point.
705  * If the offset is behind the lead surrogate of a surrogate pair,
706  * then the offset is incremented.
707  * Otherwise, it is not modified.
708  * The input offset may be the same as the string length.
709  * "Unsafe" macro, assumes well-formed UTF-16.
710  *
711  * @param s const UChar * string
712  * @param i string offset
713  * @see U16_SET_CP_LIMIT
714  * @stable ICU 2.4
715  */
716 #define U16_SET_CP_LIMIT_UNSAFE(s, i) { \
717     if(U16_IS_LEAD((s)[(i)-1])) { \
718         ++(i); \
719     } \
720 }
721 
722 /**
723  * Adjust a random-access offset to a code point boundary after a code point.
724  * If the offset is behind the lead surrogate of a surrogate pair,
725  * then the offset is incremented.
726  * Otherwise, it is not modified.
727  * The input offset may be the same as the string length.
728  * "Safe" macro, handles unpaired surrogates and checks for string boundaries.
729  *
730  * The length can be negative for a NUL-terminated string.
731  *
732  * @param s const UChar * string
733  * @param start int32_t starting string offset (usually 0)
734  * @param i int32_t string offset, start<=i<=length
735  * @param length int32_t string length
736  * @see U16_SET_CP_LIMIT_UNSAFE
737  * @stable ICU 2.4
738  */
739 #define U16_SET_CP_LIMIT(s, start, i, length) { \
740     if((start)<(i) && ((i)<(length) || (length)<0) && U16_IS_LEAD((s)[(i)-1]) && U16_IS_TRAIL((s)[i])) { \
741         ++(i); \
742     } \
743 }
744 
745 #endif
746