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1 /*
2  * MCS lock defines
3  *
4  * This file contains the main data structure and API definitions of MCS lock.
5  *
6  * The MCS lock (proposed by Mellor-Crummey and Scott) is a simple spin-lock
7  * with the desirable properties of being fair, and with each cpu trying
8  * to acquire the lock spinning on a local variable.
9  * It avoids expensive cache bouncings that common test-and-set spin-lock
10  * implementations incur.
11  */
12 #ifndef __LINUX_MCS_SPINLOCK_H
13 #define __LINUX_MCS_SPINLOCK_H
14 
15 #include <asm/mcs_spinlock.h>
16 
17 struct mcs_spinlock {
18 	struct mcs_spinlock *next;
19 	int locked; /* 1 if lock acquired */
20 };
21 
22 #ifndef arch_mcs_spin_lock_contended
23 /*
24  * Using smp_load_acquire() provides a memory barrier that ensures
25  * subsequent operations happen after the lock is acquired.
26  */
27 #define arch_mcs_spin_lock_contended(l)					\
28 do {									\
29 	while (!(smp_load_acquire(l)))					\
30 		cpu_relax_lowlatency();					\
31 } while (0)
32 #endif
33 
34 #ifndef arch_mcs_spin_unlock_contended
35 /*
36  * smp_store_release() provides a memory barrier to ensure all
37  * operations in the critical section has been completed before
38  * unlocking.
39  */
40 #define arch_mcs_spin_unlock_contended(l)				\
41 	smp_store_release((l), 1)
42 #endif
43 
44 /*
45  * Note: the smp_load_acquire/smp_store_release pair is not
46  * sufficient to form a full memory barrier across
47  * cpus for many architectures (except x86) for mcs_unlock and mcs_lock.
48  * For applications that need a full barrier across multiple cpus
49  * with mcs_unlock and mcs_lock pair, smp_mb__after_unlock_lock() should be
50  * used after mcs_lock.
51  */
52 
53 /*
54  * In order to acquire the lock, the caller should declare a local node and
55  * pass a reference of the node to this function in addition to the lock.
56  * If the lock has already been acquired, then this will proceed to spin
57  * on this node->locked until the previous lock holder sets the node->locked
58  * in mcs_spin_unlock().
59  */
60 static inline
mcs_spin_lock(struct mcs_spinlock ** lock,struct mcs_spinlock * node)61 void mcs_spin_lock(struct mcs_spinlock **lock, struct mcs_spinlock *node)
62 {
63 	struct mcs_spinlock *prev;
64 
65 	/* Init node */
66 	node->locked = 0;
67 	node->next   = NULL;
68 
69 	prev = xchg(lock, node);
70 	if (likely(prev == NULL)) {
71 		/*
72 		 * Lock acquired, don't need to set node->locked to 1. Threads
73 		 * only spin on its own node->locked value for lock acquisition.
74 		 * However, since this thread can immediately acquire the lock
75 		 * and does not proceed to spin on its own node->locked, this
76 		 * value won't be used. If a debug mode is needed to
77 		 * audit lock status, then set node->locked value here.
78 		 */
79 		return;
80 	}
81 	ACCESS_ONCE(prev->next) = node;
82 
83 	/* Wait until the lock holder passes the lock down. */
84 	arch_mcs_spin_lock_contended(&node->locked);
85 }
86 
87 /*
88  * Releases the lock. The caller should pass in the corresponding node that
89  * was used to acquire the lock.
90  */
91 static inline
mcs_spin_unlock(struct mcs_spinlock ** lock,struct mcs_spinlock * node)92 void mcs_spin_unlock(struct mcs_spinlock **lock, struct mcs_spinlock *node)
93 {
94 	struct mcs_spinlock *next = ACCESS_ONCE(node->next);
95 
96 	if (likely(!next)) {
97 		/*
98 		 * Release the lock by setting it to NULL
99 		 */
100 		if (likely(cmpxchg(lock, node, NULL) == node))
101 			return;
102 		/* Wait until the next pointer is set */
103 		while (!(next = ACCESS_ONCE(node->next)))
104 			cpu_relax_lowlatency();
105 	}
106 
107 	/* Pass lock to next waiter. */
108 	arch_mcs_spin_unlock_contended(&next->locked);
109 }
110 
111 /*
112  * Cancellable version of the MCS lock above.
113  *
114  * Intended for adaptive spinning of sleeping locks:
115  * mutex_lock()/rwsem_down_{read,write}() etc.
116  */
117 
118 struct optimistic_spin_node {
119 	struct optimistic_spin_node *next, *prev;
120 	int locked; /* 1 if lock acquired */
121 	int cpu; /* encoded CPU # value */
122 };
123 
124 extern bool osq_lock(struct optimistic_spin_queue *lock);
125 extern void osq_unlock(struct optimistic_spin_queue *lock);
126 
127 #endif /* __LINUX_MCS_SPINLOCK_H */
128