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1 /*
2  *  Copyright (C) 1995  Linus Torvalds
3  *
4  *  Support of BIGMEM added by Gerhard Wichert, Siemens AG, July 1999
5  *
6  *  Memory region support
7  *	David Parsons <orc@pell.chi.il.us>, July-August 1999
8  *
9  *  Added E820 sanitization routine (removes overlapping memory regions);
10  *  Brian Moyle <bmoyle@mvista.com>, February 2001
11  *
12  * Moved CPU detection code to cpu/${cpu}.c
13  *    Patrick Mochel <mochel@osdl.org>, March 2002
14  *
15  *  Provisions for empty E820 memory regions (reported by certain BIOSes).
16  *  Alex Achenbach <xela@slit.de>, December 2002.
17  *
18  */
19 
20 /*
21  * This file handles the architecture-dependent parts of initialization
22  */
23 
24 #include <linux/sched.h>
25 #include <linux/mm.h>
26 #include <linux/mmzone.h>
27 #include <linux/screen_info.h>
28 #include <linux/ioport.h>
29 #include <linux/acpi.h>
30 #include <linux/sfi.h>
31 #include <linux/apm_bios.h>
32 #include <linux/initrd.h>
33 #include <linux/bootmem.h>
34 #include <linux/memblock.h>
35 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
36 #include <linux/console.h>
37 #include <linux/mca.h>
38 #include <linux/root_dev.h>
39 #include <linux/highmem.h>
40 #include <linux/module.h>
41 #include <linux/efi.h>
42 #include <linux/init.h>
43 #include <linux/edd.h>
44 #include <linux/iscsi_ibft.h>
45 #include <linux/nodemask.h>
46 #include <linux/kexec.h>
47 #include <linux/dmi.h>
48 #include <linux/pfn.h>
49 #include <linux/pci.h>
50 #include <asm/pci-direct.h>
51 #include <linux/init_ohci1394_dma.h>
52 #include <linux/kvm_para.h>
53 
54 #include <linux/errno.h>
55 #include <linux/kernel.h>
56 #include <linux/stddef.h>
57 #include <linux/unistd.h>
58 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
59 #include <linux/user.h>
60 #include <linux/delay.h>
61 
62 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
63 #include <linux/cpufreq.h>
64 #include <linux/dma-mapping.h>
65 #include <linux/ctype.h>
66 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
67 
68 #include <linux/percpu.h>
69 #include <linux/crash_dump.h>
70 #include <linux/tboot.h>
71 
72 #include <video/edid.h>
73 
74 #include <asm/mtrr.h>
75 #include <asm/apic.h>
76 #include <asm/trampoline.h>
77 #include <asm/e820.h>
78 #include <asm/mpspec.h>
79 #include <asm/setup.h>
80 #include <asm/efi.h>
81 #include <asm/timer.h>
82 #include <asm/i8259.h>
83 #include <asm/sections.h>
84 #include <asm/dmi.h>
85 #include <asm/io_apic.h>
86 #include <asm/ist.h>
87 #include <asm/setup_arch.h>
88 #include <asm/bios_ebda.h>
89 #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
90 #include <asm/processor.h>
91 #include <asm/bugs.h>
92 
93 #include <asm/vsyscall.h>
94 #include <asm/cpu.h>
95 #include <asm/desc.h>
96 #include <asm/dma.h>
97 #include <asm/iommu.h>
98 #include <asm/gart.h>
99 #include <asm/mmu_context.h>
100 #include <asm/proto.h>
101 
102 #include <asm/paravirt.h>
103 #include <asm/hypervisor.h>
104 #include <asm/olpc_ofw.h>
105 
106 #include <asm/percpu.h>
107 #include <asm/topology.h>
108 #include <asm/apicdef.h>
109 #include <asm/amd_nb.h>
110 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
111 #include <asm/numa_64.h>
112 #endif
113 #include <asm/mce.h>
114 #include <asm/alternative.h>
115 #include <asm/prom.h>
116 
117 /*
118  * end_pfn only includes RAM, while max_pfn_mapped includes all e820 entries.
119  * The direct mapping extends to max_pfn_mapped, so that we can directly access
120  * apertures, ACPI and other tables without having to play with fixmaps.
121  */
122 unsigned long max_low_pfn_mapped;
123 unsigned long max_pfn_mapped;
124 
125 #ifdef CONFIG_DMI
126 RESERVE_BRK(dmi_alloc, 65536);
127 #endif
128 
129 
130 static __initdata unsigned long _brk_start = (unsigned long)__brk_base;
131 unsigned long _brk_end = (unsigned long)__brk_base;
132 
133 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
default_cpu_present_to_apicid(int mps_cpu)134 int default_cpu_present_to_apicid(int mps_cpu)
135 {
136 	return __default_cpu_present_to_apicid(mps_cpu);
137 }
138 
default_check_phys_apicid_present(int phys_apicid)139 int default_check_phys_apicid_present(int phys_apicid)
140 {
141 	return __default_check_phys_apicid_present(phys_apicid);
142 }
143 #endif
144 
145 #ifndef CONFIG_DEBUG_BOOT_PARAMS
146 struct boot_params __initdata boot_params;
147 #else
148 struct boot_params boot_params;
149 #endif
150 
151 /*
152  * Machine setup..
153  */
154 static struct resource data_resource = {
155 	.name	= "Kernel data",
156 	.start	= 0,
157 	.end	= 0,
158 	.flags	= IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
159 };
160 
161 static struct resource code_resource = {
162 	.name	= "Kernel code",
163 	.start	= 0,
164 	.end	= 0,
165 	.flags	= IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
166 };
167 
168 static struct resource bss_resource = {
169 	.name	= "Kernel bss",
170 	.start	= 0,
171 	.end	= 0,
172 	.flags	= IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
173 };
174 
175 
176 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
177 /* cpu data as detected by the assembly code in head.S */
178 struct cpuinfo_x86 new_cpu_data __cpuinitdata = {0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 1, 0, 0, -1};
179 /* common cpu data for all cpus */
180 struct cpuinfo_x86 boot_cpu_data __read_mostly = {0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 1, 0, 0, -1};
181 EXPORT_SYMBOL(boot_cpu_data);
set_mca_bus(int x)182 static void set_mca_bus(int x)
183 {
184 #ifdef CONFIG_MCA
185 	MCA_bus = x;
186 #endif
187 }
188 
189 unsigned int def_to_bigsmp;
190 
191 /* for MCA, but anyone else can use it if they want */
192 unsigned int machine_id;
193 unsigned int machine_submodel_id;
194 unsigned int BIOS_revision;
195 
196 struct apm_info apm_info;
197 EXPORT_SYMBOL(apm_info);
198 
199 #if defined(CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_SMI) || \
200 	defined(CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_SMI_MODULE)
201 struct ist_info ist_info;
202 EXPORT_SYMBOL(ist_info);
203 #else
204 struct ist_info ist_info;
205 #endif
206 
207 #else
208 struct cpuinfo_x86 boot_cpu_data __read_mostly = {
209 	.x86_phys_bits = MAX_PHYSMEM_BITS,
210 };
211 EXPORT_SYMBOL(boot_cpu_data);
212 #endif
213 
214 
215 #if !defined(CONFIG_X86_PAE) || defined(CONFIG_X86_64)
216 unsigned long mmu_cr4_features;
217 #else
218 unsigned long mmu_cr4_features = X86_CR4_PAE;
219 #endif
220 
221 /* Boot loader ID and version as integers, for the benefit of proc_dointvec */
222 int bootloader_type, bootloader_version;
223 
224 /*
225  * Setup options
226  */
227 struct screen_info screen_info;
228 EXPORT_SYMBOL(screen_info);
229 struct edid_info edid_info;
230 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(edid_info);
231 
232 extern int root_mountflags;
233 
234 unsigned long saved_video_mode;
235 
236 #define RAMDISK_IMAGE_START_MASK	0x07FF
237 #define RAMDISK_PROMPT_FLAG		0x8000
238 #define RAMDISK_LOAD_FLAG		0x4000
239 
240 static char __initdata command_line[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE];
241 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL
242 static char __initdata builtin_cmdline[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE] = CONFIG_CMDLINE;
243 #endif
244 
245 #if defined(CONFIG_EDD) || defined(CONFIG_EDD_MODULE)
246 struct edd edd;
247 #ifdef CONFIG_EDD_MODULE
248 EXPORT_SYMBOL(edd);
249 #endif
250 /**
251  * copy_edd() - Copy the BIOS EDD information
252  *              from boot_params into a safe place.
253  *
254  */
copy_edd(void)255 static inline void __init copy_edd(void)
256 {
257      memcpy(edd.mbr_signature, boot_params.edd_mbr_sig_buffer,
258 	    sizeof(edd.mbr_signature));
259      memcpy(edd.edd_info, boot_params.eddbuf, sizeof(edd.edd_info));
260      edd.mbr_signature_nr = boot_params.edd_mbr_sig_buf_entries;
261      edd.edd_info_nr = boot_params.eddbuf_entries;
262 }
263 #else
copy_edd(void)264 static inline void __init copy_edd(void)
265 {
266 }
267 #endif
268 
extend_brk(size_t size,size_t align)269 void * __init extend_brk(size_t size, size_t align)
270 {
271 	size_t mask = align - 1;
272 	void *ret;
273 
274 	BUG_ON(_brk_start == 0);
275 	BUG_ON(align & mask);
276 
277 	_brk_end = (_brk_end + mask) & ~mask;
278 	BUG_ON((char *)(_brk_end + size) > __brk_limit);
279 
280 	ret = (void *)_brk_end;
281 	_brk_end += size;
282 
283 	memset(ret, 0, size);
284 
285 	return ret;
286 }
287 
288 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
init_gbpages(void)289 static void __init init_gbpages(void)
290 {
291 	if (direct_gbpages && cpu_has_gbpages)
292 		printk(KERN_INFO "Using GB pages for direct mapping\n");
293 	else
294 		direct_gbpages = 0;
295 }
296 #else
init_gbpages(void)297 static inline void init_gbpages(void)
298 {
299 }
cleanup_highmap(void)300 static void __init cleanup_highmap(void)
301 {
302 }
303 #endif
304 
reserve_brk(void)305 static void __init reserve_brk(void)
306 {
307 	if (_brk_end > _brk_start)
308 		memblock_reserve(__pa(_brk_start),
309 				 __pa(_brk_end) - __pa(_brk_start));
310 
311 	/* Mark brk area as locked down and no longer taking any
312 	   new allocations */
313 	_brk_start = 0;
314 }
315 
316 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
317 
318 #define MAX_MAP_CHUNK	(NR_FIX_BTMAPS << PAGE_SHIFT)
relocate_initrd(void)319 static void __init relocate_initrd(void)
320 {
321 	/* Assume only end is not page aligned */
322 	u64 ramdisk_image = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_image;
323 	u64 ramdisk_size  = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_size;
324 	u64 area_size     = PAGE_ALIGN(ramdisk_size);
325 	u64 end_of_lowmem = max_low_pfn_mapped << PAGE_SHIFT;
326 	u64 ramdisk_here;
327 	unsigned long slop, clen, mapaddr;
328 	char *p, *q;
329 
330 	/* We need to move the initrd down into lowmem */
331 	ramdisk_here = memblock_find_in_range(0, end_of_lowmem, area_size,
332 					 PAGE_SIZE);
333 
334 	if (!ramdisk_here)
335 		panic("Cannot find place for new RAMDISK of size %lld\n",
336 			 ramdisk_size);
337 
338 	/* Note: this includes all the lowmem currently occupied by
339 	   the initrd, we rely on that fact to keep the data intact. */
340 	memblock_reserve(ramdisk_here, area_size);
341 	initrd_start = ramdisk_here + PAGE_OFFSET;
342 	initrd_end   = initrd_start + ramdisk_size;
343 	printk(KERN_INFO "Allocated new RAMDISK: %08llx - %08llx\n",
344 			 ramdisk_here, ramdisk_here + ramdisk_size);
345 
346 	q = (char *)initrd_start;
347 
348 	/* Copy any lowmem portion of the initrd */
349 	if (ramdisk_image < end_of_lowmem) {
350 		clen = end_of_lowmem - ramdisk_image;
351 		p = (char *)__va(ramdisk_image);
352 		memcpy(q, p, clen);
353 		q += clen;
354 		ramdisk_image += clen;
355 		ramdisk_size  -= clen;
356 	}
357 
358 	/* Copy the highmem portion of the initrd */
359 	while (ramdisk_size) {
360 		slop = ramdisk_image & ~PAGE_MASK;
361 		clen = ramdisk_size;
362 		if (clen > MAX_MAP_CHUNK-slop)
363 			clen = MAX_MAP_CHUNK-slop;
364 		mapaddr = ramdisk_image & PAGE_MASK;
365 		p = early_memremap(mapaddr, clen+slop);
366 		memcpy(q, p+slop, clen);
367 		early_iounmap(p, clen+slop);
368 		q += clen;
369 		ramdisk_image += clen;
370 		ramdisk_size  -= clen;
371 	}
372 	/* high pages is not converted by early_res_to_bootmem */
373 	ramdisk_image = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_image;
374 	ramdisk_size  = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_size;
375 	printk(KERN_INFO "Move RAMDISK from %016llx - %016llx to"
376 		" %08llx - %08llx\n",
377 		ramdisk_image, ramdisk_image + ramdisk_size - 1,
378 		ramdisk_here, ramdisk_here + ramdisk_size - 1);
379 }
380 
reserve_initrd(void)381 static void __init reserve_initrd(void)
382 {
383 	/* Assume only end is not page aligned */
384 	u64 ramdisk_image = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_image;
385 	u64 ramdisk_size  = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_size;
386 	u64 ramdisk_end   = PAGE_ALIGN(ramdisk_image + ramdisk_size);
387 	u64 end_of_lowmem = max_low_pfn_mapped << PAGE_SHIFT;
388 
389 	if (!boot_params.hdr.type_of_loader ||
390 	    !ramdisk_image || !ramdisk_size)
391 		return;		/* No initrd provided by bootloader */
392 
393 	initrd_start = 0;
394 
395 	if (ramdisk_size >= (end_of_lowmem>>1)) {
396 		memblock_free(ramdisk_image, ramdisk_end - ramdisk_image);
397 		printk(KERN_ERR "initrd too large to handle, "
398 		       "disabling initrd\n");
399 		return;
400 	}
401 
402 	printk(KERN_INFO "RAMDISK: %08llx - %08llx\n", ramdisk_image,
403 			ramdisk_end);
404 
405 
406 	if (ramdisk_end <= end_of_lowmem) {
407 		/* All in lowmem, easy case */
408 		/*
409 		 * don't need to reserve again, already reserved early
410 		 * in i386_start_kernel
411 		 */
412 		initrd_start = ramdisk_image + PAGE_OFFSET;
413 		initrd_end = initrd_start + ramdisk_size;
414 		return;
415 	}
416 
417 	relocate_initrd();
418 
419 	memblock_free(ramdisk_image, ramdisk_end - ramdisk_image);
420 }
421 #else
reserve_initrd(void)422 static void __init reserve_initrd(void)
423 {
424 }
425 #endif /* CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD */
426 
parse_setup_data(void)427 static void __init parse_setup_data(void)
428 {
429 	struct setup_data *data;
430 	u64 pa_data;
431 
432 	if (boot_params.hdr.version < 0x0209)
433 		return;
434 	pa_data = boot_params.hdr.setup_data;
435 	while (pa_data) {
436 		u32 data_len, map_len;
437 
438 		map_len = max(PAGE_SIZE - (pa_data & ~PAGE_MASK),
439 			      (u64)sizeof(struct setup_data));
440 		data = early_memremap(pa_data, map_len);
441 		data_len = data->len + sizeof(struct setup_data);
442 		if (data_len > map_len) {
443 			early_iounmap(data, map_len);
444 			data = early_memremap(pa_data, data_len);
445 			map_len = data_len;
446 		}
447 
448 		switch (data->type) {
449 		case SETUP_E820_EXT:
450 			parse_e820_ext(data);
451 			break;
452 		case SETUP_DTB:
453 			add_dtb(pa_data);
454 			break;
455 		default:
456 			break;
457 		}
458 		pa_data = data->next;
459 		early_iounmap(data, map_len);
460 	}
461 }
462 
e820_reserve_setup_data(void)463 static void __init e820_reserve_setup_data(void)
464 {
465 	struct setup_data *data;
466 	u64 pa_data;
467 	int found = 0;
468 
469 	if (boot_params.hdr.version < 0x0209)
470 		return;
471 	pa_data = boot_params.hdr.setup_data;
472 	while (pa_data) {
473 		data = early_memremap(pa_data, sizeof(*data));
474 		e820_update_range(pa_data, sizeof(*data)+data->len,
475 			 E820_RAM, E820_RESERVED_KERN);
476 		found = 1;
477 		pa_data = data->next;
478 		early_iounmap(data, sizeof(*data));
479 	}
480 	if (!found)
481 		return;
482 
483 	sanitize_e820_map(e820.map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820.map), &e820.nr_map);
484 	memcpy(&e820_saved, &e820, sizeof(struct e820map));
485 	printk(KERN_INFO "extended physical RAM map:\n");
486 	e820_print_map("reserve setup_data");
487 }
488 
memblock_x86_reserve_range_setup_data(void)489 static void __init memblock_x86_reserve_range_setup_data(void)
490 {
491 	struct setup_data *data;
492 	u64 pa_data;
493 
494 	if (boot_params.hdr.version < 0x0209)
495 		return;
496 	pa_data = boot_params.hdr.setup_data;
497 	while (pa_data) {
498 		data = early_memremap(pa_data, sizeof(*data));
499 		memblock_reserve(pa_data, sizeof(*data) + data->len);
500 		pa_data = data->next;
501 		early_iounmap(data, sizeof(*data));
502 	}
503 }
504 
505 /*
506  * --------- Crashkernel reservation ------------------------------
507  */
508 
509 #ifdef CONFIG_KEXEC
510 
511 /*
512  * Keep the crash kernel below this limit.  On 32 bits earlier kernels
513  * would limit the kernel to the low 512 MiB due to mapping restrictions.
514  * On 64 bits, kexec-tools currently limits us to 896 MiB; increase this
515  * limit once kexec-tools are fixed.
516  */
517 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
518 # define CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_MAX	(512 << 20)
519 #else
520 # define CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_MAX	(896 << 20)
521 #endif
522 
reserve_crashkernel(void)523 static void __init reserve_crashkernel(void)
524 {
525 	unsigned long long total_mem;
526 	unsigned long long crash_size, crash_base;
527 	int ret;
528 
529 	total_mem = memblock_phys_mem_size();
530 
531 	ret = parse_crashkernel(boot_command_line, total_mem,
532 			&crash_size, &crash_base);
533 	if (ret != 0 || crash_size <= 0)
534 		return;
535 
536 	/* 0 means: find the address automatically */
537 	if (crash_base <= 0) {
538 		const unsigned long long alignment = 16<<20;	/* 16M */
539 
540 		/*
541 		 *  kexec want bzImage is below CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_MAX
542 		 */
543 		crash_base = memblock_find_in_range(alignment,
544 			       CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_MAX, crash_size, alignment);
545 
546 		if (!crash_base) {
547 			pr_info("crashkernel reservation failed - No suitable area found.\n");
548 			return;
549 		}
550 	} else {
551 		unsigned long long start;
552 
553 		start = memblock_find_in_range(crash_base,
554 				 crash_base + crash_size, crash_size, 1<<20);
555 		if (start != crash_base) {
556 			pr_info("crashkernel reservation failed - memory is in use.\n");
557 			return;
558 		}
559 	}
560 	memblock_reserve(crash_base, crash_size);
561 
562 	printk(KERN_INFO "Reserving %ldMB of memory at %ldMB "
563 			"for crashkernel (System RAM: %ldMB)\n",
564 			(unsigned long)(crash_size >> 20),
565 			(unsigned long)(crash_base >> 20),
566 			(unsigned long)(total_mem >> 20));
567 
568 	crashk_res.start = crash_base;
569 	crashk_res.end   = crash_base + crash_size - 1;
570 	insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &crashk_res);
571 }
572 #else
reserve_crashkernel(void)573 static void __init reserve_crashkernel(void)
574 {
575 }
576 #endif
577 
578 static struct resource standard_io_resources[] = {
579 	{ .name = "dma1", .start = 0x00, .end = 0x1f,
580 		.flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
581 	{ .name = "pic1", .start = 0x20, .end = 0x21,
582 		.flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
583 	{ .name = "timer0", .start = 0x40, .end = 0x43,
584 		.flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
585 	{ .name = "timer1", .start = 0x50, .end = 0x53,
586 		.flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
587 	{ .name = "keyboard", .start = 0x60, .end = 0x60,
588 		.flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
589 	{ .name = "keyboard", .start = 0x64, .end = 0x64,
590 		.flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
591 	{ .name = "dma page reg", .start = 0x80, .end = 0x8f,
592 		.flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
593 	{ .name = "pic2", .start = 0xa0, .end = 0xa1,
594 		.flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
595 	{ .name = "dma2", .start = 0xc0, .end = 0xdf,
596 		.flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
597 	{ .name = "fpu", .start = 0xf0, .end = 0xff,
598 		.flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO }
599 };
600 
reserve_standard_io_resources(void)601 void __init reserve_standard_io_resources(void)
602 {
603 	int i;
604 
605 	/* request I/O space for devices used on all i[345]86 PCs */
606 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(standard_io_resources); i++)
607 		request_resource(&ioport_resource, &standard_io_resources[i]);
608 
609 }
610 
reserve_ibft_region(void)611 static __init void reserve_ibft_region(void)
612 {
613 	unsigned long addr, size = 0;
614 
615 	addr = find_ibft_region(&size);
616 
617 	if (size)
618 		memblock_reserve(addr, size);
619 }
620 
621 static unsigned reserve_low = CONFIG_X86_RESERVE_LOW << 10;
622 
snb_gfx_workaround_needed(void)623 static bool __init snb_gfx_workaround_needed(void)
624 {
625 #ifdef CONFIG_PCI
626 	int i;
627 	u16 vendor, devid;
628 	static const u16 snb_ids[] = {
629 		0x0102,
630 		0x0112,
631 		0x0122,
632 		0x0106,
633 		0x0116,
634 		0x0126,
635 		0x010a,
636 	};
637 
638 	/* Assume no if something weird is going on with PCI */
639 	if (!early_pci_allowed())
640 		return false;
641 
642 	vendor = read_pci_config_16(0, 2, 0, PCI_VENDOR_ID);
643 	if (vendor != 0x8086)
644 		return false;
645 
646 	devid = read_pci_config_16(0, 2, 0, PCI_DEVICE_ID);
647 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(snb_ids); i++)
648 		if (devid == snb_ids[i])
649 			return true;
650 #endif
651 
652 	return false;
653 }
654 
655 /*
656  * Sandy Bridge graphics has trouble with certain ranges, exclude
657  * them from allocation.
658  */
trim_snb_memory(void)659 static void __init trim_snb_memory(void)
660 {
661 	static const unsigned long bad_pages[] = {
662 		0x20050000,
663 		0x20110000,
664 		0x20130000,
665 		0x20138000,
666 		0x40004000,
667 	};
668 	int i;
669 
670 	if (!snb_gfx_workaround_needed())
671 		return;
672 
673 	printk(KERN_DEBUG "reserving inaccessible SNB gfx pages\n");
674 
675 	/*
676 	 * Reserve all memory below the 1 MB mark that has not
677 	 * already been reserved.
678 	 */
679 	memblock_reserve(0, 1<<20);
680 
681 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(bad_pages); i++) {
682 		if (memblock_reserve(bad_pages[i], PAGE_SIZE))
683 			printk(KERN_WARNING "failed to reserve 0x%08lx\n",
684 			       bad_pages[i]);
685 	}
686 }
687 
688 /*
689  * Here we put platform-specific memory range workarounds, i.e.
690  * memory known to be corrupt or otherwise in need to be reserved on
691  * specific platforms.
692  *
693  * If this gets used more widely it could use a real dispatch mechanism.
694  */
trim_platform_memory_ranges(void)695 static void __init trim_platform_memory_ranges(void)
696 {
697 	trim_snb_memory();
698 }
699 
trim_bios_range(void)700 static void __init trim_bios_range(void)
701 {
702 	/*
703 	 * A special case is the first 4Kb of memory;
704 	 * This is a BIOS owned area, not kernel ram, but generally
705 	 * not listed as such in the E820 table.
706 	 *
707 	 * This typically reserves additional memory (64KiB by default)
708 	 * since some BIOSes are known to corrupt low memory.  See the
709 	 * Kconfig help text for X86_RESERVE_LOW.
710 	 */
711 	e820_update_range(0, ALIGN(reserve_low, PAGE_SIZE),
712 			  E820_RAM, E820_RESERVED);
713 
714 	/*
715 	 * special case: Some BIOSen report the PC BIOS
716 	 * area (640->1Mb) as ram even though it is not.
717 	 * take them out.
718 	 */
719 	e820_remove_range(BIOS_BEGIN, BIOS_END - BIOS_BEGIN, E820_RAM, 1);
720 
721 	sanitize_e820_map(e820.map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820.map), &e820.nr_map);
722 }
723 
parse_reservelow(char * p)724 static int __init parse_reservelow(char *p)
725 {
726 	unsigned long long size;
727 
728 	if (!p)
729 		return -EINVAL;
730 
731 	size = memparse(p, &p);
732 
733 	if (size < 4096)
734 		size = 4096;
735 
736 	if (size > 640*1024)
737 		size = 640*1024;
738 
739 	reserve_low = size;
740 
741 	return 0;
742 }
743 
744 early_param("reservelow", parse_reservelow);
745 
746 /*
747  * Determine if we were loaded by an EFI loader.  If so, then we have also been
748  * passed the efi memmap, systab, etc., so we should use these data structures
749  * for initialization.  Note, the efi init code path is determined by the
750  * global efi_enabled. This allows the same kernel image to be used on existing
751  * systems (with a traditional BIOS) as well as on EFI systems.
752  */
753 /*
754  * setup_arch - architecture-specific boot-time initializations
755  *
756  * Note: On x86_64, fixmaps are ready for use even before this is called.
757  */
758 
setup_arch(char ** cmdline_p)759 void __init setup_arch(char **cmdline_p)
760 {
761 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
762 	memcpy(&boot_cpu_data, &new_cpu_data, sizeof(new_cpu_data));
763 	visws_early_detect();
764 
765 	/*
766 	 * copy kernel address range established so far and switch
767 	 * to the proper swapper page table
768 	 */
769 	clone_pgd_range(swapper_pg_dir     + KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY,
770 			initial_page_table + KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY,
771 			KERNEL_PGD_PTRS);
772 
773 	load_cr3(swapper_pg_dir);
774 	__flush_tlb_all();
775 #else
776 	printk(KERN_INFO "Command line: %s\n", boot_command_line);
777 #endif
778 
779 	/*
780 	 * If we have OLPC OFW, we might end up relocating the fixmap due to
781 	 * reserve_top(), so do this before touching the ioremap area.
782 	 */
783 	olpc_ofw_detect();
784 
785 	early_trap_init();
786 	early_cpu_init();
787 	early_ioremap_init();
788 
789 	setup_olpc_ofw_pgd();
790 
791 	ROOT_DEV = old_decode_dev(boot_params.hdr.root_dev);
792 	screen_info = boot_params.screen_info;
793 	edid_info = boot_params.edid_info;
794 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
795 	apm_info.bios = boot_params.apm_bios_info;
796 	ist_info = boot_params.ist_info;
797 	if (boot_params.sys_desc_table.length != 0) {
798 		set_mca_bus(boot_params.sys_desc_table.table[3] & 0x2);
799 		machine_id = boot_params.sys_desc_table.table[0];
800 		machine_submodel_id = boot_params.sys_desc_table.table[1];
801 		BIOS_revision = boot_params.sys_desc_table.table[2];
802 	}
803 #endif
804 	saved_video_mode = boot_params.hdr.vid_mode;
805 	bootloader_type = boot_params.hdr.type_of_loader;
806 	if ((bootloader_type >> 4) == 0xe) {
807 		bootloader_type &= 0xf;
808 		bootloader_type |= (boot_params.hdr.ext_loader_type+0x10) << 4;
809 	}
810 	bootloader_version  = bootloader_type & 0xf;
811 	bootloader_version |= boot_params.hdr.ext_loader_ver << 4;
812 
813 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_RAM
814 	rd_image_start = boot_params.hdr.ram_size & RAMDISK_IMAGE_START_MASK;
815 	rd_prompt = ((boot_params.hdr.ram_size & RAMDISK_PROMPT_FLAG) != 0);
816 	rd_doload = ((boot_params.hdr.ram_size & RAMDISK_LOAD_FLAG) != 0);
817 #endif
818 #ifdef CONFIG_EFI
819 	if (!strncmp((char *)&boot_params.efi_info.efi_loader_signature,
820 		     "EL32", 4)) {
821 		set_bit(EFI_BOOT, &x86_efi_facility);
822 	} else if (!strncmp((char *)&boot_params.efi_info.efi_loader_signature,
823 		     "EL64", 4)) {
824 		set_bit(EFI_BOOT, &x86_efi_facility);
825 		set_bit(EFI_64BIT, &x86_efi_facility);
826 	}
827 
828 	if (efi_enabled(EFI_BOOT))
829 		efi_memblock_x86_reserve_range();
830 #endif
831 
832 	x86_init.oem.arch_setup();
833 
834 	iomem_resource.end = (1ULL << boot_cpu_data.x86_phys_bits) - 1;
835 	setup_memory_map();
836 	parse_setup_data();
837 	/* update the e820_saved too */
838 	e820_reserve_setup_data();
839 
840 	copy_edd();
841 
842 	if (!boot_params.hdr.root_flags)
843 		root_mountflags &= ~MS_RDONLY;
844 	init_mm.start_code = (unsigned long) _text;
845 	init_mm.end_code = (unsigned long) _etext;
846 	init_mm.end_data = (unsigned long) _edata;
847 	init_mm.brk = _brk_end;
848 
849 	code_resource.start = virt_to_phys(_text);
850 	code_resource.end = virt_to_phys(_etext)-1;
851 	data_resource.start = virt_to_phys(_etext);
852 	data_resource.end = virt_to_phys(_edata)-1;
853 	bss_resource.start = virt_to_phys(&__bss_start);
854 	bss_resource.end = virt_to_phys(&__bss_stop)-1;
855 
856 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL
857 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_OVERRIDE
858 	strlcpy(boot_command_line, builtin_cmdline, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
859 #else
860 	if (builtin_cmdline[0]) {
861 		/* append boot loader cmdline to builtin */
862 		strlcat(builtin_cmdline, " ", COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
863 		strlcat(builtin_cmdline, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
864 		strlcpy(boot_command_line, builtin_cmdline, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
865 	}
866 #endif
867 #endif
868 
869 	strlcpy(command_line, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
870 	*cmdline_p = command_line;
871 
872 	/*
873 	 * x86_configure_nx() is called before parse_early_param() to detect
874 	 * whether hardware doesn't support NX (so that the early EHCI debug
875 	 * console setup can safely call set_fixmap()). It may then be called
876 	 * again from within noexec_setup() during parsing early parameters
877 	 * to honor the respective command line option.
878 	 */
879 	x86_configure_nx();
880 
881 	parse_early_param();
882 
883 	x86_report_nx();
884 
885 	/* after early param, so could get panic from serial */
886 	memblock_x86_reserve_range_setup_data();
887 
888 	if (acpi_mps_check()) {
889 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_LOCAL_APIC
890 		disable_apic = 1;
891 #endif
892 		setup_clear_cpu_cap(X86_FEATURE_APIC);
893 	}
894 
895 #ifdef CONFIG_PCI
896 	if (pci_early_dump_regs)
897 		early_dump_pci_devices();
898 #endif
899 
900 	finish_e820_parsing();
901 
902 	if (efi_enabled(EFI_BOOT))
903 		efi_init();
904 
905 	dmi_scan_machine();
906 
907 	/*
908 	 * VMware detection requires dmi to be available, so this
909 	 * needs to be done after dmi_scan_machine, for the BP.
910 	 */
911 	init_hypervisor_platform();
912 
913 	x86_init.resources.probe_roms();
914 
915 	/* after parse_early_param, so could debug it */
916 	insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &code_resource);
917 	insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &data_resource);
918 	insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &bss_resource);
919 
920 	trim_bios_range();
921 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
922 	if (ppro_with_ram_bug()) {
923 		e820_update_range(0x70000000ULL, 0x40000ULL, E820_RAM,
924 				  E820_RESERVED);
925 		sanitize_e820_map(e820.map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820.map), &e820.nr_map);
926 		printk(KERN_INFO "fixed physical RAM map:\n");
927 		e820_print_map("bad_ppro");
928 	}
929 #else
930 	early_gart_iommu_check();
931 #endif
932 
933 	/*
934 	 * partially used pages are not usable - thus
935 	 * we are rounding upwards:
936 	 */
937 	max_pfn = e820_end_of_ram_pfn();
938 
939 	/* update e820 for memory not covered by WB MTRRs */
940 	mtrr_bp_init();
941 	if (mtrr_trim_uncached_memory(max_pfn))
942 		max_pfn = e820_end_of_ram_pfn();
943 
944 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
945 	/* max_low_pfn get updated here */
946 	find_low_pfn_range();
947 #else
948 	num_physpages = max_pfn;
949 
950 	check_x2apic();
951 
952 	/* How many end-of-memory variables you have, grandma! */
953 	/* need this before calling reserve_initrd */
954 	if (max_pfn > (1UL<<(32 - PAGE_SHIFT)))
955 		max_low_pfn = e820_end_of_low_ram_pfn();
956 	else
957 		max_low_pfn = max_pfn;
958 
959 	high_memory = (void *)__va(max_pfn * PAGE_SIZE - 1) + 1;
960 #endif
961 
962 	/*
963 	 * Find and reserve possible boot-time SMP configuration:
964 	 */
965 	find_smp_config();
966 
967 	reserve_ibft_region();
968 
969 	/*
970 	 * Need to conclude brk, before memblock_x86_fill()
971 	 *  it could use memblock_find_in_range, could overlap with
972 	 *  brk area.
973 	 */
974 	reserve_brk();
975 
976 	cleanup_highmap();
977 
978 	memblock.current_limit = get_max_mapped();
979 	memblock_x86_fill();
980 
981 	/*
982 	 * The EFI specification says that boot service code won't be called
983 	 * after ExitBootServices(). This is, in fact, a lie.
984 	 */
985 	if (efi_enabled(EFI_MEMMAP))
986 		efi_reserve_boot_services();
987 
988 	/* preallocate 4k for mptable mpc */
989 	early_reserve_e820_mpc_new();
990 
991 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_CHECK_BIOS_CORRUPTION
992 	setup_bios_corruption_check();
993 #endif
994 
995 	printk(KERN_DEBUG "initial memory mapped : 0 - %08lx\n",
996 			max_pfn_mapped<<PAGE_SHIFT);
997 
998 	setup_trampolines();
999 
1000 	trim_platform_memory_ranges();
1001 
1002 	init_gbpages();
1003 
1004 	/* max_pfn_mapped is updated here */
1005 	max_low_pfn_mapped = init_memory_mapping(0, max_low_pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT);
1006 	max_pfn_mapped = max_low_pfn_mapped;
1007 
1008 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
1009 	if (max_pfn > max_low_pfn) {
1010 		int i;
1011 		unsigned long start, end;
1012 		unsigned long start_pfn, end_pfn;
1013 
1014 		for_each_mem_pfn_range(i, MAX_NUMNODES, &start_pfn, &end_pfn,
1015 							 NULL) {
1016 
1017 			end = PFN_PHYS(end_pfn);
1018 			if (end <= (1UL<<32))
1019 				continue;
1020 
1021 			start = PFN_PHYS(start_pfn);
1022 			max_pfn_mapped = init_memory_mapping(
1023 						max((1UL<<32), start), end);
1024 		}
1025 
1026 		/* can we preseve max_low_pfn ?*/
1027 		max_low_pfn = max_pfn;
1028 	}
1029 #endif
1030 	memblock.current_limit = get_max_mapped();
1031 
1032 	/*
1033 	 * NOTE: On x86-32, only from this point on, fixmaps are ready for use.
1034 	 */
1035 
1036 #ifdef CONFIG_PROVIDE_OHCI1394_DMA_INIT
1037 	if (init_ohci1394_dma_early)
1038 		init_ohci1394_dma_on_all_controllers();
1039 #endif
1040 	/* Allocate bigger log buffer */
1041 	setup_log_buf(1);
1042 
1043 	reserve_initrd();
1044 
1045 	reserve_crashkernel();
1046 
1047 	vsmp_init();
1048 
1049 	io_delay_init();
1050 
1051 	/*
1052 	 * Parse the ACPI tables for possible boot-time SMP configuration.
1053 	 */
1054 	acpi_boot_table_init();
1055 
1056 	early_acpi_boot_init();
1057 
1058 	initmem_init();
1059 	memblock_find_dma_reserve();
1060 
1061 #ifdef CONFIG_KVM_CLOCK
1062 	kvmclock_init();
1063 #endif
1064 
1065 	x86_init.paging.pagetable_setup_start(swapper_pg_dir);
1066 	paging_init();
1067 	x86_init.paging.pagetable_setup_done(swapper_pg_dir);
1068 
1069 	if (boot_cpu_data.cpuid_level >= 0) {
1070 		/* A CPU has %cr4 if and only if it has CPUID */
1071 		mmu_cr4_features = read_cr4();
1072 	}
1073 
1074 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
1075 	/* sync back kernel address range */
1076 	clone_pgd_range(initial_page_table + KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY,
1077 			swapper_pg_dir     + KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY,
1078 			KERNEL_PGD_PTRS);
1079 #endif
1080 
1081 	tboot_probe();
1082 
1083 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
1084 	map_vsyscall();
1085 #endif
1086 
1087 	generic_apic_probe();
1088 
1089 	early_quirks();
1090 
1091 	/*
1092 	 * Read APIC and some other early information from ACPI tables.
1093 	 */
1094 	acpi_boot_init();
1095 	sfi_init();
1096 	x86_dtb_init();
1097 
1098 	/*
1099 	 * get boot-time SMP configuration:
1100 	 */
1101 	if (smp_found_config)
1102 		get_smp_config();
1103 
1104 	prefill_possible_map();
1105 
1106 	init_cpu_to_node();
1107 
1108 	init_apic_mappings();
1109 	ioapic_and_gsi_init();
1110 
1111 	kvm_guest_init();
1112 
1113 	e820_reserve_resources();
1114 	e820_mark_nosave_regions(max_low_pfn);
1115 
1116 	x86_init.resources.reserve_resources();
1117 
1118 	e820_setup_gap();
1119 
1120 #ifdef CONFIG_VT
1121 #if defined(CONFIG_VGA_CONSOLE)
1122 	if (!efi_enabled(EFI_BOOT) || (efi_mem_type(0xa0000) != EFI_CONVENTIONAL_MEMORY))
1123 		conswitchp = &vga_con;
1124 #elif defined(CONFIG_DUMMY_CONSOLE)
1125 	conswitchp = &dummy_con;
1126 #endif
1127 #endif
1128 	x86_init.oem.banner();
1129 
1130 	x86_init.timers.wallclock_init();
1131 
1132 	x86_platform.wallclock_init();
1133 
1134 	mcheck_init();
1135 
1136 	arch_init_ideal_nops();
1137 
1138 #ifdef CONFIG_EFI
1139 	/* Once setup is done above, unmap the EFI memory map on
1140 	 * mismatched firmware/kernel archtectures since there is no
1141 	 * support for runtime services.
1142 	 */
1143 	if (efi_enabled(EFI_BOOT) &&
1144 	    IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_X86_64) != efi_enabled(EFI_64BIT)) {
1145 		pr_info("efi: Setup done, disabling due to 32/64-bit mismatch\n");
1146 		efi_unmap_memmap();
1147 	}
1148 #endif
1149 }
1150 
1151 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
1152 
1153 static struct resource video_ram_resource = {
1154 	.name	= "Video RAM area",
1155 	.start	= 0xa0000,
1156 	.end	= 0xbffff,
1157 	.flags	= IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
1158 };
1159 
i386_reserve_resources(void)1160 void __init i386_reserve_resources(void)
1161 {
1162 	request_resource(&iomem_resource, &video_ram_resource);
1163 	reserve_standard_io_resources();
1164 }
1165 
1166 #endif /* CONFIG_X86_32 */
1167